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\S/.3 


HARVARD  COLLEGE 
LIBRARY 


FROM  THB  BBQUBST  OF 

CHARLES  SUMNER 

CLASS  OP  1830 

Senator  from  Massadmsetts 
FOi  BOOKS  ulaung  to 

POUnCS  AND  nNB  Asn 


5951g^  i7.  3 


HARVARD  COLLEGE 
LIBRARY 


QSIIOD 


FROM  THB  BBQUBST  OF 

CHARLES  SUMNER 

CLASS  OP  1830 

Senator  from  Massadmsetts 
rok  BOOKS  ulaung  to 

POUnCS  AND  nNB  Asn 


(^rtofCijiihitiim  nf  tijr  ftinrte  of  9ntiuatri|  nf  nil  Jktinnn, 

1851. 


OFFICIAL 

DESCRIPTIVE    AND    ILLUSTRATED 

CATALOGUE. 


■$1)  ?lnt!iiirttii 
Dftjir 


iCDiiiiiiiasinii. 


"■Jr^ 


IS  THREE  VOIVMBS. 

VOL.  III. 
FOREIGN   STATES. 


-LONDON: 
SPICEB  BBOTHEBS,  WHOLESALE  STATIOSEBSi  W.  CLOWES  AUD  SOSS,  PRISTEBS! 


29  NEW  BRIDfiE  STREET,  BUCKFBIABS,  AND  AT  THE  EXHIBITION  BUILDING. 


1^1 


'3 


COrw 


^^9^«5^'^ 


/  ^/^^  cJj^^'C 


z  r. 


r 


LONDON'  PRINTED  BY  WILLIAM  CLOWP.H  AND   SON;*, 

PniXTCRS    TO    THB    ROTAL   COM^iZBBlOM. 

STAMFORD  STREET  AND  CHAKINO  CROSS 


CONTENTS  OF  VOLUME  THE  THIRD. 


FOBEIGK   STATES. 


1005 

1008 

1150 

Bolhrm 1429 

BKudl 1429 

CUH 1^9 

1418 

1855 

1408 

fVMiee  and  Algifln     .....  1188 

FWaiikfort-(m.tli».lIttiie   ....  1121 

1400 

.  .  1188 

1188 

Hmw  DttmnUdt  ......  1125 

Ldbeck 1140 

Laxembaiig 1130 

Mideiim 1319 

Mecklenbuig-Schweriii     ....  1134 

MeckUnburg-StreUtz 1134 

Mexico 1430 

Namau  ....  .  .     .  1131 


NeUiMiMids U42 

]f««r  GfMiadft 1480 

Nmtnlnifg     .•••..•  1185 

(»denbiiig 1185 

n^tlSteta 1285 

Pwtagd 1806 

1428 

1047 

........  1861 

tediiik 1802 

SsBoiqr. 1104 

Soctofy  Inlands 1428 

aipdn 1820 

Sfradin  and  Norwi^ 1848 

St  Domingo 1428 

Switeerlaud 1264 

Tunis 1412 

Turkey 1385 

Tuscany 1289 

United  States 1/1^1 

Wurtembui^ 1114 

2k>UTerein,  States  of  the  Qerman      .  1047 


J 


OFFICIAL 

f  tstriptiljc  aiibf  lllustatfir  dntalopt. 


FOREIGN    STATES. 


KoHTH  ASH  Socrn  Abeas,  0.  to  B.  66  to 
L.  TO  P.  58  TO  63  ;   q.  R.  56  TO  CI  1 

NOBTH  Ba3T  CENTBIL  GllLBUV,  I.  59  TO 

SorTH  EisT  Central  QALi^Rr,  U.  58  TO 
South  Hast  Gali^bv,  N.  O.  6S  ;  P.  59  u 


The  Aostrisn  prodnclions  form  a  highly-intereetinf;  feature  in  the  Great  Exhibition.  .About  seven  hundred 
aixl  Gftr  exhibitors  appear  as  the  representatives  of  this  important  territory ;  and  the  articles  forwarded  by  them 
most  be  acknowledge!  to  have  sddM  a  large  share  to  the  attractions  of  the  Foreign  side  of  the  Buiidiug.  So 
Iv.:*  a  portion  of  annotatory  matter  haa  been  introduced,  in  such  places  as  appeared  to  be  most  suitable  in  the 
boily  ••(  tliis  Catalcf^ie,  that  it  is  rendered  less  necessary  to  offer  a  lengthened  introductory  notice.  To  the 
inutiiT  JO  inlrwlucwl  it  is  merely  necessary  to  add  the  remark,  tliat  ori-iinating  from  the  bcst-infomied  sources, 
and  cuivfvini  a  very  lar-^e  amount  of  lu^rul  knowledge,  not  to  be  readily  met  with  in  any  other  work,  it  has 
\irvu  itiK'ncI  with  very  little  abbreviation.  I'he  raw  mnleriaU  ore  largely  represented,  and  by  a  most  in- 
ttniiiini;  Kclectiou  of  ohjetla  illuatrutivc  of  the  mineral  wealth  of  this  monarcliy. 

*'  .Viistriii  abiiiuiiU  in  evcrvdcwriptiun  of  metal.  AH  the  moa' useful  kinds,  with  the  exception  of  platinum, 
are  !'•  Iv  Immd  tliereiu ;  muf  in  the  jiroiluction  of  the  preciuiia  metals,  Austria  is  suqiossed  by  Itussia  alone. 
Tr-riis  Ivatila  is  unc  of  the  richest  countries  of  Kuiuiie  in  gold ;  Hungary,  also  rich  in  gold,  is  still  riclier  in  its 
yi'M  .pf  ■■ilviT.  Itobeniin  muka  next  to  Hungary  in  this  resj^ect,  and  Transylvania  innnt-diately  after  Hohemia. 
In  tilt  i.p.lucli'in  of  ii«icksilver,  Austria,  by  reason  of  her  possession  of  Carniola,  stands  next  to  Spain. 
I>'li>;iiia  sT[[.jilirs  excellent  tin,  Cariulhia  the  purest  lead,  and  Hungary  is  extremely  rich  in  cop|«r.  Iron  is 
pr-bi'-'-'l  iliriiii'Jiniil  the  eoiintries  of  this  empire,  the  only  exceptions  licing  tiiirz  ami  Gradisca,  Illyria 
ai.'l  V.-niie.  Siyria  U  )>re-emlnent  in  resi'ccl  both  of  the  quantity  and  the  quality  of  its  iron,  which  is  con- 
*i'iviT-l  <")ii;il  til  any  rni«etl  in  Plunn*.  F<iBMil  anil  brown  coal  the  Austrian  doininioiis  may  be  said  to  iKJssesa 
in  111'  il^aiiNtiMe  aljiuiiknce,  and,  in  conse<iuence,  niiniu^  lias  been  carriol  on  in  these  regions  with  i>cculuir 
rpirit  ;i[id  i'iii'r.:y.  l)ue  nilvantage  has  licen  taken  of  the  i>ro^KS  of  modern  science  in  so  pushuis  Iho 
:t.'.\  .iiiLi-ii.-  rii  !■(  tills  branch  of  the  nalioiial  industry,  that  though  it  cannot  be  said  to  have  attaineil  the  utmost 
i;--jrf--  ■■1  ilevijiii'ment  which  it  may  be  capable  of  reaching,  yet  it  must  be  allowe<l  to  linvc  closilj  ajiproM- 

Miii.ril-.,  iTii'(;ils  aiirl  their  ores,  ehemieala,  agricultural  prmludiona,  silk  raw  and  niaiiiifrtetiired,  moilels  of 
1..  uLliH  ry.  ciirriiizis,  ami  a  variety  of  objects  iilustmtive  of  the  ether  eliisses  of  the  Kxhibition,  lire  lound  in 
tri.s  '...11.1  timi.  Nuiucniiis  i^iilosoiiliical  and  musical  instruuients  are  also  shown.  The  textile  manufac> 
t'lr-  -.  an.i  li'.ii her,  iuint,  luniks,  and  printing  an-  ailei|uute1yilluslrate<lin  the  various  articles  bcloiigiuji  tu  their 
I  !.iv  t.  In  gUwi  nianufaclnn's  Austria  has  lung  licen  pre-ciniueutly  distinguislieil,  anil  the  sjicciniens  exhi* 
l--.i.-i  su>iain  liir  reU-brity.  The  metal  niannractiires  an-  also  illustrated  by  the  contribntifnis  of  a  considerable 
:.iitj,l<'r  i)f  exhiliit<ini,wlicitH'  iiroduclioiis  Ix-ar  c<ini]iaris<>ii  with  themiivemallycidebratedharilwan'sof  Kngland. 
;  -jiiiiiil  exaniiiles  of  |iurc<.-lain  and  cumnion  wares  are  exliiliited.  'ilie  miscellaneous  uliji-cts  represent  in  an 
itifi-r>-!i[iti_'  manner  th'He  variations  in  the  products  of  foreign  artizans  which  cliaraeteriM'  thciu,  and  distingnisli 
ti..in  Ip.m  (iiir  own.  Universal  interest  is  exciteit  lij-  the  line  sjiecinienH  of  atatiiary  and  other  art  ]>rndiicli[ins 
(thibitnl  by  .VuHtria.  The  suite  of  rooms  containing  the  articles  maile  by  the  Messrs.  I.risller,  of  Vienna, 
i*  Mie  -if  the  most  inU-remiu:'  features  in  the  Austrian  de[<anmcnt,  and  pn-siuts  an  imposing  picture  of  li.e 
iuMiriMis  furniture  of  the  nnbility  of  Austria.  The  state  l-ed,  with  its  nppenilaL;i'«.  the  diuing-t.iMes,  aUk- 
l-ori,  and  ehairs,  exhiliit  a  lavish  outlay  of  ornamental  lal-onr.  One  |iorliiiii  of  this  furniture,  a  carved  (iulbic 
l-'-krase,  is  designed  as  a  present  to  Her  Slajesly  the  Queen  of  England  from  His  Majesty  tiic  Emprrur  of 
.KuBtria.— 11.  F. 

402 


1006 


AUSTRIA. 


1  MiESBAOH,  Alois,  Vienna — Proprietor. 

Coals,  brown  coals,  and  lignite,  from  Lower  Austria, 
Upper  Austria,  Styria,  Moravia,  and  Hungary. 

[The  coal  mines  of  this  exhibitor  are  the  most  extensive 
in  the  empire  :  his  thirty  mines  contain  a  store  of  at  least 
900,000,000  cwt.  of  coal,  whereof  864,000,000  have  been 
discovered  by  himself.  They  give  direct  employment  to 
1,961  men,  produce  annually  2,760,000  cw^.  of  coal,  and 
are  alreadv  in  a  condition  to  furnish  four  times  that 
quantity,  although  the  greater  part  of  them  are  only  now 
being  opened  and  prepared  for  working. 

Ck)al  is  found  in  Austria  in  constantly  increasing  quanti- 
ties, particularly  in  Bohemia,  Moravia,  Silesia,  Lower 
Austria,  and  Hungary.  Bohemia  takes  the  first  place  as 
to  the  quantity,  and  partly,  also,  as  to  the  quaUty  of  its 
coal,  nearly  half  of  the  total  quantity  of  the  coal  and 
brown  coal  produced  in  Austria  being  Bohemian.  Con- 
sidered generally,  however,  the  production  of  coal  is  only 
trilling  at  present. 

The  production  of  coal,  in  30  years,  has  increased 
tenfold  ;  and  at  a  rapid  ratio.  The  prices  of  wood  and 
charcoal  are  constantly  incrrasing,  with  an  annually  in- 
creasing demand  for  fuel  to  be  consumed  in  factories, 
&c.  It  is,  therefore,  very  probable  that  the  colHerics  of 
Austria  will,  at  no  distant  period,  be  worked  to  a  far 
greater  extent  than  at  present.  Scarcely  100,000  cwt.  of 
coals  are  extracted  in  a  year  from  coal-fields  that  are 
known  to  contain  as  much  as  1,500  miUions  of  c^i;.  The 
exports  of  Austrian  exceed  the  imports  of  foreign  coal  by 
about  300,000  cwt.  A  large  proportion  of  the  fuel  ob- 
tained in  Austria  is  lignite.  This  substance,  which  is 
intermediate  in  its  character  between  wood  and  coal,  and 
is  of  a  brown  colour,  possesses  considerable  value  as  a 
calorific  agent,  although  it  is  in  tins  respect  inferior  to  the 
ordinary  coal  of  Great  Britain.  Its  importance  to  the 
countries  and  districts  where  it  is  found  can  scarcely  be 
exaggerated,  and  its  abundance  justifies  the  belief  that 
the  enormous  thick  detached  beds  in  which  it  occurs  will 
ere  long  be  fully  worked.  The  lignite  not  imfrequently 
presents  those  evidences  of  its  origin  from  the  decomposi- 
tion of  coniferous  trees,  from  which  the  geologist  draws 
his  most  accurate  inferences. — R.  E.] 
Specimens  of  alum. 


2  Imperial  Mines,  Jlenna. 

Mereury  and  cinnabar,  and  ores  of  the  same,  from  Idria. 

[A  large  quantity  of  mereury  or  quicksilver  is  annually 
produced  at  Idria,  a  town  in  the  duchy  of  Camiola,  the 
inhabitants  of  wliich  are  chiefly  occupied  in  its  extraction. 
The  quicksilver  mines  are  extremely  productive.  The 
cinnabar  ore  yields  when  very  rich  fifty  per  cent,  of  this 
metal.  This  ore  is  a  sulphuret  of  mercury,  and  gives  up 
the  latter  metal  bv  sublimation. 

With  the  quicksilver  mines  of  Idria  is  connected  a 
manufactory  of  vermiHon,  which  produced,  in  the  year 
iai7,  981  cwt.  of  that  pigment.  The  residue  of  the 
quicksilver  is  used  up  to  some  small  extent,  about  300 
cwt.,  for  teclmical  purposes  and  preparations,  but  the 
greater  portion  of  it  is  sent  abroad.  The  exports  of 
quicksilver  amoimt  to  an  annual  average  of  2,341  cwt. 
(in  the  year  1846  they  reached  5,478  cwt.),  and  of 
preparations  derived  from  it,  such  as  corrosive  sublimate, 
calomel,  &c.,  to  41  cwt.  By  the  consumption  of  quick- 
silver,  for  the  manufacture  of  vermihon  and  for  other 
technical  purposes,  the  value  of  the  annual  produce  of  the 
raw  material  b  greatly  increased.    The  mines  have  been 


worked  for  upwards  of  three  centuries  and  a  half^  and 
were  originally  discovered  by  an  accident. — R.  E.] 

Sulphur,  from  Szwoszowic  in  Qalicia,  and  Badoboj  in 
Croatia. 

Rosette-copper,  from  Agordo  in  the  province  of  Venioe 
and  Moldava. 

Blistered  copper,  from  SchmoUnitz  in  Hungary. 

Tin,  from  Schlaggenwald  in  Bohemia. 

[Tin,  a  metal  which  of  late  years  has  become  of  so 
much  importance  in  the  occupations  of  manu£M;turing 
industry,  is  not  foimd  within  the  Austrian  monarchy  in 
sufficient  quantity  to  meet  the  demand  for  it.  The  im- 
ports of  tin  from  abroad  during  the  same  period  of  five 
years,  1843  to  1847,  amounted  on  an  average  to  3,785 
cwt.  annually,  whilst  the  exports  of  tins  article  were  but 
90  cwt.,  value  4,500  florins.  But,  whereas  the  imports 
of  tin  wares  were,  for  the  same  time,  inconsiderable,  the 
exports  under  this  head  amounted  to  304  cwt.] 

Litharge,  from  Pzribram  in  Bohemia. 
Zinc,  antimony,  and  similar  mining  produce. 

3  Uppeb  Hungabian  Mining  Association, 

SchmollnitZj  Hungary. 
Quicksilver,  refined  copper,  block  copper,  and  various 
other  similar  productions  for  smelting. 

[The  whole  quantity  of  raw  copper  raised  in  Austria  is 
not  used  there.  Until  the  year  18^17,  indeed,  the  imports 
of  copper  into  Austria  were  greater  than  the  exports  from 
it ;  the  excess  of  the  former,  as  compared  with  the  latter, 
during  the  years  1843  to  1846,  averaging  about  3,000  cwt. 
annually ;  but  since  1847  these  exjwrts  have  been  con- 
siderably in  excess  of  the  imports.  In  the  year  1847  the 
imports  reached  8,667  cwt.,  wliile  the  exports  were  28,254 
cwt. ;  but  in  the  year  1848,  for  3,891  cwt.  imported  thero 
were  5,489  cwt.  exported,  so  tliat,  out  of  the  whole  pro- 
duction of  tliat  period,  58,568  cwt.  remained  in  Austria. 
It  should,  however,  be  borne  in  mind  that  the  copper 
found  in  Austria  does  not  equal  the  Russian  or  the 
Swedish  copper  in  quality,  and  that  it  is  therefore  indis- 
pensable to  draw  a  supply  of  the  finer  sorts  from  abroad. 
Of  the  quantity  produced  beyond  the  amount  that  she 
exports,  about  40,000  cwt.  are  converted  at  the  copper- 
mills  and  rolling- works  into  38,400  cwt.  of  copper  sheet- 
ing and  hollow  ware  (the  Government  estabhshments 
produced,  in  the  year  1847,  6,562  cwt.  of  such  ware  and 
copper  sheeting),  and  the  remaining  18,568  cwt.  ware 
used  for  various  alloys  and  other  purposes.  Copper  ac- 
quires its  highest  increase  of  value  when  employed  in  the 
manufacture  of  pereussion-caps,  galvano-plastic  produc- 
tions, and  brass  hardware.  Austria  drives  a  brisk  trade 
in  articles  of  copper  and  brass  with  foreign  customers.] 

4  SzuMBAK,  JoHANN  Friedrich,  NeusoM,  Hungary 

— Proprietor. 
Cobalt  and  nickel  ores,  from  Bocza,  together  with  the 
residue  obtained  from  the  same. 

Calcareous  slate,  from  Molcsa  in  Hungary. 
Analysis  of  the  above  residue  : — 


Ferdinand  Level. 
Tlie  raw  ore  contains  61*8 
per  cent,  residue. 
Tlie  residue : — 

Nickel 22-546 

Cobalt 19-886 

Copper      ....    9-719 

Iron 15-403 

Arsenic,  sulphur,  &c.  32*446 


100- 


Dreibrudcr  Level. 
The  raw  ore  contains  h\'S 
per  cent,  residue. 
The  residue : — 

Nickel 17-224 

Cobalt 16-430 

Iron 8-102 

Bismuth  ....  7*644 
Copper  ....  2101 
Arsenic,  sulphur,  &c.  48*499 


100* 


AUSTRIA. 


1007 


[The  ores  of  cobalt  and  nickel  haTe  only  recently  been 
obtained  on  a  large  scale  in  Hungary,  the  mines  having 
only  been  in  work  for  a  few  years.  Both  these  valuable 
metals  are  yielded  (reely  by  the  ores,  which  promise  to 
become  of  considerable  commercial  interest  when  this 
department  of  industry  becomes  fully  developed.] 

5  KoCHM£i8TSB,  Friedrich,  P(W<A,  Hungary — 

Proprietor. 

Two  kinds  of  spongy  nickel  from  Hungarian  ores  ;  red 
and  black  oxide  of  cobalt.  The  varieties  contain  97  and 
96  per  cent,  of  the  pure  metal,  free  from  arsenic,  and  are 
well  adapted  for  the  manufacture  of  Qerman  silver. 

6  SXpt,  Auexaxder  (Manager  of  the  Fhilippi  Jacobi 

Mine),  Sosenau,  Hungary. 
Samples  of  nickel  ores. 

[The  metallic  wealth  of  Hungary  has  as  yet  been 
scarcely  revealed.  The  extensive  mineral  deposits  of  the 
country  have  hitherto  been  worked  chiefly  by  the  state, 
and  little  opportunity  has  consequently  arisen  for  com- 
mercial enterprise.  It  appears  probable  that  ultimately 
the  advantages  of  this  mode  of  developing  the  resources 
of  the  country  will  be  more  fully  perceived  and  appre- 
ciated.—B.  E.]      

7  Zexbero  Mine,  Dobschau,  Hungary, 
Ore  of  cobalt,  and  nickel. 

Flower  of  cobalt,  and  nickel. 

8  KxyoTEL,  JoHAxy  (Manager  of  the  Johannes  Mine), 

RoaenaUy  Hungary. 
Samples  of  Nickel  ore. 

[The  annual  produce  of  tliis  mine  is  estimated  at  firom 
SOO  to  350  cwts.] 

9  Batea,  Wexzel,  Prague^  Bohemia — Manufacturer. 
Bohcmitn  mineral  produce.     Ores  of  uranium,  nickel, 

varuMLuin,  and  ci.»balt.   Oxide  of  iron,  and  various  minerals. 

^I'mniuni  is  a  \Qr\'  rare  metal,  and  occurs  principally 
in  t>iio  miucniL*,  uranite  and  pitcli-blcndc.  Its  oxides  are 
Uik^i  v^ith  >uccess  for  enamel  painting,  and  produce  also 
a  beautiful  tint  when  employed  in  small  (juantities  for 
c*»lounng  gla-s.  Vanadium  is  a  metal  still  more  rare 
thjin  the  preceding,  (M'curring  in  minute  quantities  in 
•everal  irt>n  ores.  Cobalt  is  used  extensivelv  in  the  arts  ; 
and  the  beaut ifid  blue  colour  communicated  by  it  to  glass, 
in  the  pijiment  called  smalt,  is  well  known. — R.  K.J 

1 0  l^2EGo,  SiolsMrND  (Manager  of  the  Mic}ia<;lis  Mine), 

Roxfuau^  Hungary. 
Antimonv,  and  antim(»nv  ores. 

11  Gr.i.-ZBEKUKK,  Khan/-  (the  KnmcLs  Smeltijig- works), 

M^tzfiuteijeny  Hunjary. 
R«-j:«dus  of  antimonv. 


12         SzoLLl  ez,  C'.vKL  (liiserto  Smelting- works), 

llu.%fi%>Ar<j^  Hxuujary. 
R'.'^ilu'*  <jf  antimiMiv. 


l:»       VoLDERArr.ii,  Geduge,  Salzburg — Proprietor. 
.**j>''«*imeTi  of  ar*enic  (»n\ 
\\  hite  and  yellow  arsi'iiical  glass. 

14      II(J<  iinEKGER,   JoiiANN    (St.    Procopi    Chemical 
Work^),  A'fi/ir,  Bohemia — Proprietor. 
Sulpliate  of  in»n. 
.\iuui  and  :^ul|>)iur. 

SuJjhur  is  obtained  in  Austria  in  constantly  in- 
crrsu^mi  ipiantitie^;  bitterly,  however,  the  consumption 
ha^  U-«-"n»o  greater  than  the  protluction,  and,  conso- 
<i<#'u:l%.  tlio  imjwrts  of  tliis  article,  so  much  required  for 


chemical  piu*poses,  have  exceeded  the  exports.  A  large 
quantity  of  alum  is  also  manufactured  in  Hungary,  Bo» 
hemia,  Styria,  and  Silesia.  Of  alum,  39,113  cwt.,  whereof 
15,371  cwt.  were  the  production  of  Hungary,  14,760  cwt. 
of  Bohemia,  5,000  cwt.  of  Styria,  and  2,887  cwt.  of 
Moravia  and  Silesia.  The  supply  thus  furnished  of  those 
products  does  not  only  cover  the  entire  demand  for  them 
from  the  interior,  but  a  surplus  remains  for  exporta- 
tion. 

On  an  annual  average  3,674  cwt.  of  alum,  and  1,338 
cwt.  of  the  various  kinds  of  vitriol,  were  imported  from 
abroad  ;  whilst  the  exports  for  the  hke  term  were  5,681 
cwt.  of  alum,  and  12,492  cwt.  of  vitriol. 

Alum  and  sulphuric  acid  are  so  largely  used  in  the  arts 
as  to  form  important  articles  of  commerce  in  all  countries. 
— R.  E.]  

15     SchOnbobn,  Erwein,  Count  von,  Dlazkowic, 

Bohemia — Proprietor. 
Bough  Bohemian  garnets  (Pyrope). 


16    Prince  Ferdinand  von  Lobkowitz,  Duke  of 
Rafdnitz,  Bilin,  Bohemia — Proprietor. 

Rough  cut  and  pierced  Bohemian  garnets  {Pyrope). 

[The  garnets  of  Bohemia  have  long  enjoyed  a  reputation 
Uttle  inferior  to  the  celebrated  stones  of  the  East.  Their 
brilliancy  and  colour  render  them  extremely  valuable 
as  articles  of  commerce  and  for  ornamental  uses.  They 
occur  chieQy  in  the  neighbourhoods  of  Swietlau  and 
Dlaschkowitz.  Garnet  is  chemically  an  anhydrous  silicate 
of  lime  and  of  alumina.  Those  exhibited  have  a  beautiful 
red  colour.  Rough  garnets  are  sold  by  the  pound. 
When  cut  and  pierced  they  are  sold  in  rows  containing 
100  pieces  to  each  row. — R.  E.] 


17      Impeeial  Salt  Works,  Wielicska,  Oalicia. 

Samples  of  cidinary  salt. 

[This  important  article,  salt,  forms  the  object  of  u 
State  monopoly,  and  is  of  three  descriptions — rock, 
boded,  and  sea  salt.  The  aggregate  quantity  produced  is, 
on  an  average,  6,000,000  cwt.  per  annum,  whereof  10  per 
cent,  is  sea  salt,  30  per  cent,  boiled,  and  54  percent,  rock 
salt. 

In  the  vear  18^17  there  were  211,000  cwt.  of  sea  salt 
imported  for  the  consumption  of  the  Lombardo-A'enetian 
provinces  ;  wliilst  895,400  cwt.  of  rock  and  boiled  salt 
were  exported :  namely,  078,000  cwt.  to  Russia,  116,800 
cwt.  to  Prussia,  48,0<JU  ewt.  to  Turkey,  45,100  cwt.  to 
Switzerland,  and  the  residue,  in  smaller  i)i*oportion8,  to 
Bavaria  and  Lichtcnstcin.J 


IB     Webeu,  Oiov.  Davide,  IV«/cc— ^Manufactmvr. 
Samples  of  fine  cream  of  tartar. 


1 0  W.v (JEN MANX,  Sevbel &  Co.,  / '/VyoK^^Manufacturcrs. 
Chemical  productions,  including  tartaric  acid,  vinegar, 
acetic  acid,  acetate  of  soda,  arsiinc  a<iil,  «'hloride  of  lime, 
arseniate,  sulphate,  and  muriate  of  potash. 

[Tlie  production  of  chemical  j)reparations,  especially  of 
those  wiiich  luive  l)e;'n  brought  forward  by  the  great  pro- 
gress of  manufju-'tures  in  general,  luks  latterly,  owing  to 
this  impulse,  fumi.-'lu'd  important  results.  Bohemia  has 
especially  di^tingui-^hed  hersi'lf  by  the  manufacturt*  of 
eoloiu^  and  of  chemical  preparations  used  in  dyeing, 
whilst  Vienna  has  nut  nniained  Iwhind.  Several  of  these 
productions — acids,  and  easily  inflammable  article,  salt- 
j)etre,  phosphorus,  «Slc. — are  not  exliibitcd,  on  aceoiuit  of 
the  danger  of  carriage. 


1008 


AUSTRIA. 


Saltpetre  is  also  an  article  of  State  monopoly,  but  is 
chiefly  manufactured  by  private  individuals,  who  are 
bound  to  deliver  their  productions  to  the  State.  The 
refining,  on  the  contrary,  is  principally  provided  for  by 
the  State  itself.  In  1847,  the  quantity  of  saltpetre  pro- 
duced amounted  to  21,600  cwt.  This  was  chiefly  applied 
to  the  manu&cture  of  gunpowder,  and  also  to  other  pur- 
poses. The  progress  of  this  trade,  however,  is  but  incon- 
siderable. 

Soda  and  potash  are  produced  in  Hungary  in  large 
quantities.  The  crystallixed  soda  found  on  the  soil  is 
estimated  at  30,000  cwt.  annually,  and  the  entire  pro- 
duction of  soda  in  Hungary,  at  40,600  cwt.,  whereof 
about  10,400  cwt.  are  distributed  over  the  other  province^. 
In  these  last,  altogether,  the  same  quantity  is  produced  as 
is  raised  in  Hungary  alone ;  and  there  is  to  be  added 
thereto  the  amount  of  the  excess  of  imports  (56,000  cwt.), 
over  exports  (55,000  cwt.),  being  1,000  cwt. 

Of  potash  about  350,000  cwt.  are  produced,  and  of  this 
quantity  200,000  cwt.  in  Himgary,  the  remainder  chiefly 
in  Gtdicia.  The  production  not  only  covers  the  whole 
demand  for  home  consumption,  but  leaves  a  considerable 
excess  for  export.  Thus,  in  the  year  1847,  the  imports  of 
potash  amounted  to  11,900  cwt.,  whereas  the  exports  were 
41,900  cwt.] 


20      Bboschi,  Franz  Xateb,  Trague^  Bohemia — 

Manufacturer. 
Chemical  productions,  including  succinic  acid,  tartaric 
acid,  sesqui-oxide  of  chromium,  sesqui-oxide  of  uranium, 
and  mercurial  compounds. 

[In  the  manufacture  of  salts  and  acids  for  dyeing,  and 
other  purposes,  considerable  progi^s  is  being  rapidly 
made.  The  fortunate  results  that  have  rewarded  the 
activity  of  Bohemia  in  the  expansion  and  improvement  of 
chemical  manufactures,  which  had  their  commencement 
in  its  territory,  have  excited  the  other  provinces  of  the 
monarchy  to  follow  her  example  in  similar  imdertakings. 
Lower  Austria  already  occupies  a  respectable  place.  In 
Upper  Austria,  Styria,  the  Tyrol,  and  Lombardy,  the 
hct  of  this  progress  is  not  to  be  denied ;  but  Carinthia 
possesses  the  most  important  manufacture  of  white  lead, 
being  &voured  by  nature  with  abundant  ores  of  excellent 
pure  lead.] 


21  Bbattn,  G.  Jacob,  Praffue,  Bohemia — Manufiu!turer. 
Albumen,  stannate  of  soda,  and  ferrocyanide  of  potas- 


sium. 


22  EyGELMANN,  Samuel,  KaroUnenthal,  near  Prague 

— Manufacturer. 
Albumen,  dextrine,  laiogome,  and  artificial  gum. 


23     Setzeb,  Joh^kn,  Weiieneggk^  near  M&lk,  on  the 

Danube — Manufacturer. 

Ultramarine  blue,  in  eight  shades.     Ultramarine  green. 
Cadmiimi  yellow. 

Bed  ana  rose  madder. 


24  KuTZEB  &  Lbhbsb,  Prague — Manufacturers. 

Ultramarine  blue,  in  eight  shades. 
Ultramarine,  green  and  black. 

Various  colours,    including   chrome   yeUow,   chrome 
red,  &c. 

25  FiALA,  Wenzel,  iVo^ii*— Manufiwturer. 
Indigo  blue  of  three  kinds. 


26  Heinzen  Bbothebs,  Teischen  on  the  Elbe,  Bohemia 

— Manufacturers. 
Bed  and  violet  herb  archiL 
Bed  and  violet  extract  of  archiL 
Specimens  of  dyed  wool,  from  which  the  abore  have 
been  used.  

27  KnrzLBEBOEB  &  Co.,  Prague — Manufacturers. 
One  hundred  and  eighty  samples  of  colours. 

28  Petz,  W.,  Pesth,  Hungary — Manufacturer. 
Carmine  of  two  kinds. 


29  Battich,  Johann  B.,  AUgersdotf^  near  Henna — 

Manufacturer. 
Black  ink  for  copper-plate  printing. 

30  Hebbebt,  FBA2fZ  Paul  Babon  tok,  Klagenfuri 

and  Wolfsberg^  CarinlJUa — Manufacturer. 

White  lead  of  different  kinds. 


31  EoOEB,  GusTAT,  CouyT  VON,  St  Veith^  Carinihia — 

Manufacturer. 
White  lead  of  various  kinds. 


32  Hebbebt,  Ionaz,  Babon  von,  Klagenfltrt, 

Carinthia — Manufacturer. 

Orange  and  bright  red  lead. 
Bed  and  gold  htharge. 

[The  lead  mines  of  Carinthia  supply  a  most  pure  and 
valuable  description  of  lead,  and  are  extensively  worked, 
not  merely  to  meet  the  home  demand  for  that  metal,  but 
to  supply  the  staple  of  a  considerable  foreign  trade  which 
has  sprung  up.  Thus,  whilst  during  a  period  of  five 
years,  from  1843  to  1847,  the  average  yearly  imports  of 
lead  ore  amounted  to  142  cwt.,  and  those  of  raw  lead 
to  22  cwt.,  and  of  cast  and  rolled  lead  to  26  cwt.,  the 
exports  during  the  same  interval  averaged,  respectively, 
6,182  cwt.,  2,672  cwt.,  and  1,288  cwt.  The  imports  of 
litharge  were  inconsiderable,  and  the  exports  amoimted 
to  1,800  cwt.] 

33  DiEZ,  Ebxst,  Villachf  Carinthia — Manufacturer. 
White  lead  of  different  kinds. 

[The  lead  mine  in  the  neighbourhood  of  Yillach,  in 
Carinthia,  is  a  very  extensive  and  productive  one,  and 
has  been  considered  to  be  one  of  the  largest  sources  of  this 
metal  in  the  Austrian  empire.] 

34  BiOAOLiA,  PiETBO  (late  LoBENZo),  Teni^^ — Ma- 

nufacturer.    (Agents,  Fordati,  Coxhead,  &.  Co., 
13  Old  Jewry  Chambers^  London.) 
Selected  samples  of  white  lead,  Utharge,  and  verdigris. 

35  Habdtmuth,  LuDWia  k  Cabl,  Vienna — 

Manufacturers. 
Specimens  of  Naples  yellow. 
V  arious  pieces  of  artificial  pumice-stone. 


36         ScHABAB,  JoHAXN,  Ott^TcrSng,  near  Jlenna 

— Patentee. 
Patent  artificial  pimiice-stone  of  different  kinds. 


37       BoHtiK,   Laubenz,  Prague  —  Inventor  and 

Patentee. 
Patent  artificial  Carrara  marble,  a  new  invention,  par- 
tictdarly  adapted   for  vases,  candelabra,    lustres,    chan- 
deUers,  argentine  lamps,  drawing-room  ornaments,  furni- 
ture, and  mosaic  pavements. 


38       Cbistofoli,  Aittonio,  Padua — Manufacturer. 

Eight  samples  of  i)aving  blocks,  and  columns  of  arti- 
ficial marble. 


AUSTRIA. 


1009 


39  Apollo  Oaxvim  Compivt,  Timma. 

Stearme  Slid  ■tearine  oiodlM. 

[Xhemaniifiioliire  of  tteMineoandln  and  foap,  alUiough 
tha  fonner  wat  inftrodnoed  only  a  hw  yean  ago  into 
Anuria,  hat  alreadf  obtained  an  important  poaition.  Of 
tha  mmMfoiM  mannfiMstoriea  eatabliahad  in  this  line  in  all 
pavta  of  the  empire^  fhe  moat  important  hate  oontribated 
to  tbe  SihaiitioB.] 

iO  MnxT  Caxvim  Mavwaotost,  Vienma. 

Stearine  and  atearine  oandlea. 

41  PfinjiJUi  &  BiOKSBS,  Vienma — Mftimiacttayeni 

and  Patenteea. 
Omdlea,  called  palmatine  oandlea  (made  hj  diatiUing 
pafanoil).  

42  SnASon  Caitblb  Comp  ahy,  AnnomMtod^ 

Drmuyhama. 
SteagiM^  and  stearine  candles. 
Haine  soda  soqp^ 

43  Chiqzul,  Cabl  Alois,  k  Soir,  JViette— 

Ifanufiiustiirers. 
A  Isvga  asacwtmanf  of  soi^  of  dilftrent  kinds, 

[Tlie  aoap  prodnced  at  Trieste  is  made  chiefly  from 
olire  ofl.  The  annual  prodootion  of  this  oil  amounts  to 
flO^OOOeirt..,  two-thirds  of  which  an  from  Dahnatia,  <me- 
aixlli  from  Lombardy,  one-aizth  from  0drs,  Qradisca, 
laCriai  and  Trieste.  To  this  quantity  must  be  added  con- 
•s**?— M«  importa  from  abroad.  In  the  year  1847  they 
to  23^411  cwt.,  against  which  were  to  be  set 
TCty  inoonsidenble  eiporta.  The  manufrcture  of 
tofcp  from  olire  oil  haa  decreased  consideraUy  of  late, 
and  prodnoea  at  pfeaoit  about  75,000  cwt.] 

44  Mwjgi,  Davibl,  Mermanntladi,  Tnmt^leama — 

Manufacturer. 
Soap  of  dill^rent  kinds,  for  bleaching,  &c. 
Washing  soap. 

44a  Hichttb,  AiFTON,  Komgsaal^  Bohemia, 

Soap  of  TariouB  kinds. 

45  CzKKBUrs,  Cabl,  Hermanrutadt^  Transylvania — 

Manufacturer. 
Candles  of  Transylyanian  tallow. 

[The  production  of  tallow  in  the  dominions  of  Austria 
amounted,  on  the  STerage  of  the  fire  years,  1843  to  1847, 
to  750,000  cwt.  By  its  further  manufacture  into  tallow 
mod  stearine  candles,  soap,  &c.,  the  raw  material,  after 
deducting  from  its  aggregate  the  quantity  used  up  in  its 
raw  state,  attains  an  increased  ralue  of  25  per  cent.  The 
prodoction  of  stearine  candles  amounts  to  20,000c  wt.] 

45a       Bachrich,  Jouanx,  llenna — Manufacturer. 

Specimens  of  prepared  and  unprepared  agaric  for  Ger- 
man tinder.  Amadou  or  German  tinder  fuseefl.  Medi- 
cated agaric  for  rheumatism,  and  other  similar  complaints, 
and  for  Unings  of  trousers,  comforters,  travelling  caps, 
bandagca,  kc.     Agaric  styptic  for  cuts  and  wounds. 

46  FCbth,  Beenard,  Schutlenhofen  and  Goldenkron^ 

Bohemia — Manufacturer.    (Agent — Julius  Lipp- 
mann,    29    Nicholas    Lane,    Lombard    Street, 
Ix>ndon.) 
Patent  luctfcr  matches,  of  diflercnt  kinds  and  forms. 

[The  manufacture  of  lucifer  matches  is  constantly  in- 
cf«a«ing.  The  excellent  qiuthty,  the  peculiar  form,  the 
cfaeapnrpa  of  price,  and  the  capability  erinoed  by  the 
of  producing  any  quantity,  have  rendered  theae 
a  manufacture  of  considerable  importance.  The  ma- 
BBlacture  affords  employment  for  a  great  number  of  work- 
Bwn,  and  bida  fair  to  become  a  lucratire  staple  of  export.] 


47  Pollax,  a.  If.,  Vteima — ^ICannfiMsturer. 

Patent  lucifer  matcheB,  of  di£Ebrent  Idnda  and  fonna. 


48      Pbb8HSL|  F.,  k  Ck>.,  Vienma — Manufacturer. 
Patent  lucifer  matchee,  of  different  kinda  and  ferma. 


49  HoFVMA]n!r,CABL&Gv8TAy,7FSK>esaii,«earlV«^$wa, 

Bohemia — Manu&cturer. 
Patent  lucifer  matchea  of  different  kinda  and  forma. 

50  I>s  Majo,  Saxxtxi^  Trieeoh^  Morama^ 

Manu&cturer. 
Patent  lucifer  matchea  of  different  kinda  and  forma. 


51  DoLLiscHAL,  JofiBPH,  FtafNks— Patentee. 
Patent  tincture,  for  deatroying  Tannin. 

52  WObth,  Wilhslx  Edlsb  tox,  Vienna — 

Inyentor  and  Patentee.* 
Material  for  stopping  decayed  teeth. 

53  The  DiSBCTOBS  of  the  Mnnu  of  Hia  HiGHNBSfi 

the  Pbince  of  Lobkowitz,  Duxb  of  BAVDiaxz, 
BiUn,  Bohemia, 
Magneaia  and  dicestiye  losenges  (paatiUee  digeativea  de 
Bihn) .    Prepared  from  the  contents  of  the  mineral  watera 
of  Bilin. 

54  Halla  k  Co.,  Prague — Manufecturers. 

Oiemical  powder,  for  maldng  black  writing*ink  install* 
taneoualy. 


55  BoBBBT  k  Co.,  Oro9$  Sodotoitz^ 

Manufecturers. 
Specimens  of  beet-root  sugar. 

[The  manufacture  of  beet-root  sugar,  only  eatabliahed  in 
Austria  in  the  year  1830,  has  since  widely  spread. 

The  eatablishmenta  have  increased,  not  only  in  number, 
but  also  in  extent,  in  a  gratifying  manner.  The  north 
Slarian  Prorinoes,  Bohemia,  Morayia,  Silesia  and  Galicia, 
as  well  as  Hungary,  are  the  principal  seats  of  these  im- 
portant factories.] 

56  Maxufactokt  of  the  Bbothebs  Chevaliebs  de 

Neuwall,  Khbauk,  3forarwF— Manufacturers. 
Specimens  of  beet-root  sugar. 

57  RiCHTEB,  Anton,  &  Co.,  Konigsaal,  Boliemia  - 

Manufacturers. 
Specimens  of  beet -root  sugar. 

58  Pbince  Ferdinand  von  Lobkowitz,  Bilin 

Bohemia — Manufacturer. 
Specimens  of  beet -root  sugar. 

[This  branch  of  industry  is  divided  into  the  refining  of 
foreign  sugars,  and  the  manufacture  and  refining  of  sugar 
and  syrup  from  materials  of  home  growth.  The  Austrian 
monarchy  can  now  reckon  twenty-three  refineries  working 
up  foreign  sugars,  which,  in  the  year  1847,  prepared 
619,424  cwt.  of  raw  sugar,  so  as  to  produce  495,539  cwt. 
of  refined  sugar,  and  99,105  cwt.  of  syrup.  Of  the  entire 
quantity  there  may  bo  set  dovm  to  tlie  share  of  Lower 
Austria  158,300  cwt. ;  to  the  share  of  Venice  79,000  cwt. ; 
of  Camiohi  57,000  cwt. ;  and  to  that  of  Lombardy 
50,100  c>%'t.  The  proportion  of  sugar  and  sjTup  from 
materials  of  home  growth  increases  annually  in  extent  and 
consideration.  Tlie  liome-grown  materials  which  are  used 
in  this  preparation  are  prepared  beet-root  and  potatoes ; 
the  latter  in  small  quantities  only.  The  number  of  sugar 
manufacturers  is  fifty-nine.  Tlieir  joint  production  in  18^17 
amounted  to  157,500  cwt.  of  raw  sugar,  for  which  pro- 
duction 8,148,000  cwt.  of  beet-root  were  consumed,  and 
3,000  cwt.  of  potatoes.  The  raw  sugar  produced  furnished 
130,000  cwt.  of  refined  sugar,  beeides  20,000  cwt.  of  syrup. 


1010 


AUSTRIA. 


Moravia  and  Silesia  contributed  62,000  cwt.  of  raw  sugar, 
Bohemia  53,000  cwt.,  and  Galicia  26,000  cwt. ;  these  pro- 
vinces having  the  most  important  share  in  the  manufiactiure. 
It  appears  that  this  fannch  of  the  national  industry  of 
Austria  furnishes  a  production,  the  value  of  which,  taken 
altogether,  was  not  less  than  twenty-six  and  one-third 
miUions  of  florins.  The  quantity  of  refined  sugar  pro- 
duced in  Austria  ahnost  entirely  covered  the  homo  demand, 
as  the  imports  seem  to  be  of  Uttle  importance.  They 
amounted  in  1847  to  no  more  than  4,400  cwt.  On  the 
other  hand,  in  spite  of  the  continued  increase  of  the  manu- 
facture of  sugar  firom  beet-root,  the  importations  of  foreign 
raw  sugar  were  also  constantly  on  the  increase.] 

69     Labisch-Mobnnich,  Ck)UifT  Heinbich,  Kanvin, 

Moravia — ManufSsksturer. 
Sugar-candy  manufiujtured  from  beet-root  sugar. 

60  Beet-boot  Suoab  Manttfactobt,  Tlwnacz^  Galicia, 
Specimens  of  beet-root  sugar. 

61  Reali,  GnrsEPPE  (late  Antonio  Reali),  Venice, 
Four  sugar-loaves. 

62  The  Pbtvilkged  Steam  Flottb-Mill  Ck)MPANT, 

Vienna. 

Flour  from  Austrian  wheat. 

[The  Austrian  monarchy  enjoys,  by  reason  of  its  geo- 
graphical position,  a  climate  which  is  especially  calculated 
for  the  support  of  animal  and  vegetable  life ;  in  addition 
to  which  it  is  favoured  with  an  excellent  soil,  so  that  it  is 
only  here  and  there,  in  the  mountainous  districts,  that 
somo  tracts  of  territory  occur  which  are  not  adapted  for 
agricultural  cultivation. 

The  system  of  agriculture  pursued  in  Lombardy  is 
excellent ;  it  is  less  so  in  the  Venetian  provinces  and  in 
South  Tyrol.  In  emulation  of  Venice  and  Lombardy,  the 
states  of  Bohemia  and  Silesia,  of  Upper  and  Lower 
Austria,  and  of  Salzburg  and  Styria,  have  made  unques- 
tionable and  praiseworthy  exertions,  although  it  is  beyond 
question  that  in  the  three  last-named  provinces  there  occur 
large  districts  of  dreary  waste  and  desert ;  but  even  in 
the  two  favoured  provinces  alluded  to  there  yet  remain 
some  difficulties  to  be  overcome.  Hungary  and  Ghdicia 
fiimish  agricultural  products  far  beyond  their  require- 
ments. Like  Bohemia,  Moravia  and  the  Lombardo- 
Venetian  provinces  are  able  to  export  com  and  other 
agricultural  productions  to  other  provinces  in  that  neigh- 
bourhood, notwithstanding  the  density  of  their  own  popu- 
lation, which  varies  from  4,800  to  7,200  inhabitants  per 
Austrian  square  mile ;  but  how  far  the  aboUtion  of  vas- 
salage will  have  a  tendency  to  increase  the  production 
cannot  at  present  be  at  all  anticipated.  Agricultural 
labour  throughout  the  monarchy  yields  in  average  years 
an  aggregate  of  278,000,000  of  Lower  Austrian  "  metzen" 
of  grain.  Of  these  47,000,000  are  wheat,  61,000,000  rye, 
60,000,000  barley,  8,000,000  oats,  31,000,000  maize, 
1,000,000  buckwheat.  Of  peas,  the  yield  is  more  than 
5,000,000  metzen ;  of  potatoes,  more  than  100,000,000 
metzen ;  of  tiimips,  about  25,000,000 ;  of  hops,  about 
50,000  cwt. ;  of  butter,  cheese,  and  other  dairy  produce, 
about  3,000,000  cwt. 

The  manufiM^ure  of  cheese  is,  especially  in  Lombardy, 
very  considerable:  the  production  is  abundant  and  of 
excellent  quality.  It  is  an  article  which  proves  the  staple 
of  a  large  trade,  and,  next  to  silk,  is  the  most  important 
to  Lombardy  of  her  products. 

The  breed  of  cattle  has  not  yet  attained  that  perfection 
wliich  it  would  be  so  much  to  the  interest  of  Austrian 
husbandry  tliat  it  should  do,  and  which  it  really  might  be 


brought  up  to,  when  the  extremely  fitvourable  condition 
of  the  soil  on  which  it  is  reared  is  considered.] 

63  The  Pbitileged  Steam  Floub-Mill,  Jlhfine. 
Different  kinds  of  flour  from  Hungarian  wheat. 

64  Steam  Floitb-Mill,  Smichow,  near  Prague, 
Diflerent  kinds  of  flour  from  Austrian  wheat. 

65  Hawbanek,  Cabl,  Trojay  near  Prague. 
Different  kinds  of  flour  from  Austrian  wheat. 

66  NowoTNY,  Anton,  Prague. 
Different  kinds  of  flour  fr^m  Austrian  wheat. 


67         Thttn,  Count  Fbanz,  Tetschen,  Bohemia, 
Diflerent  kinds  of  flour  from  Austrian  wheat. 


68  JOBDAN  k  Babbeb,  TeUchen  on  the  Elbe,  Bohemia, 
Diflerent  kinds  of  flour  from  Austrian  wheat. 

68a    Razumovsky,  Count  Leo  Von  &  Fbanz  Gott- 

FBIED  RiETSCH,  Bohmischy  BudoletZy  Moravia — 

Inventor. 

Grain  stone  (zeiHthoid)  for  brewing  with  cold  water  by 

a  quick  process.     This  invention  is  said  to  be  of  great  im- 

portance  for  shipping,  as  salt  water  once  distilled  can  be 

used ;  it  is  also  particularly  suitable  for  warm  climates. 

Beer  can  be  made  by  this  method  of  any  strength,  and  the 

bitter  of  the  hop  is  said  to  be  retained  for  any  length  of  time. 

69  Impebial  Tobacco  Manufactobies,  Vienna. 
Four  kinds  of  snufi*,  produced  in  GaUcia  and  TyroL 

70  Cabniolian  Aobicultubal  Society,  Laibadi. 
Honey,  chiefly  collected  by  the  bees  from  the  blossoms 

of  buck-wheat. 

Winter  linseed,  from  Camiola  white  and  red  millet. 

Indian  com,  grown  in  Upper  Camiola,  400  fathoms 
above  the  level  oi  the  sea. 

[The  rearing  of  bees  is  carried  on  most  extensively  in 
the  Vayvode  and  the  Temeser  Banatc,  Croatia,  Slavonia, 
and  Transylvania,  on  the  miUtary  frontiers  of  Galicia,  in 
Lombardy  and  Venice,  and  in  Styria,  likewise  in  Carinthia 
and  Camiola.  In  the  other  provinces  this  trade  is  of  little 
consequence  or  extent.  The  Ghjrmanic,  Slavonic,  and 
Italian  provinces  produce  on  an  average  30,000  cwt.  of 
wax,  and  the  production  of  the  other  half  of  the  Austrian 
empire  may  be  of  equal  amount.  Besides,  the  imports 
from  abroad  were  rather  greater  than  the  exports, 
4,075  cwt.  having  been  in  the  year  1847  imported,  and 
only  1,814  cwt.  exported.  The  extensive  manu&cture  of 
wax  into  candles  has  been  falling  off*  since  the  introduction 
of  stearine  candles,  and  is  now  almost  limited  to  those  for 
the  use  of  churelies.  It  has  been  calculated  that  wax,  by 
its  manufacture  into  various  articles  of  use  and  ornament, 
candles,  artificial  flowers,  &c.,  receives  an  increase  of 
50  per  cent,  value  on  the  raw  material.] 

71  Cirw'ALLA,  Anton,  Henna — Manufacturer. 
Austrian  tramc  of  two  and  three  filaments. 


72  ScoLA,  August,  Linz,  Upper  Austria. 

Raw  unspun  silk. 

[Of  all  the  states  of  Europe,  the  Austrian  monarchy 
possesses  the  most  abundant  supply  of  silk.  The  produc- 
tion of  silk  is  conducted  on  the  most  important  scale  in 
the  Lombardo- Venetian  kingdom.  Next  in  order  of  im- 
portance comes  the  Tyrol.  The  same  business  is  also 
carried  on  in  the  mihtary  frontier,  Gorz  and  Gradisca,  and 
also  in  Istria  and  Trieste,  in  Dalmatia  and  the  south  of 
Hungary.  Trials  have  likewise  been  made  in  Lower 
Austria,  Bohemia,  and  Camiola.  The  production  of  co- 
coons amounts,  on  an  average,  annually — 


mIW 


loseo.000awt. 
800.000  „ 
28,000  » 
12,000   „ 

490.000  cwt. 


77      MjiTTiCMi,  QioTiBifl  Bait,  Vamo,  Awfi. 
Samplet  of  row  Bilk. 


wOk.  Ikoa  (b»  tcntt  oT  ioqwiiM  it  iraoU 
H*  IiOMliM^r  pcwpriiw  l,OeB  ndiag  wMiKili- 
riA  M^lor  7«>)a«aApKvlB,wiUiiiiitu3d»g 
ditka  tha  MBiOar  wbkUiahmeiita,  which  are 
W  te  yM  HUM F' will ■!  The  entire  production 
to  tJSaflXt  'nmo  ttn. ;  and,  bIuo?  12  lb». 
■  jUd  I  lb.  vfnw  rilk,  there  are  requited  for 
Ipla  cCnofOk  aOMOOewt.ar  owwous.  The 
«f  fiHTIT-  wquitBd  ia  acsM  of  the  qmintity 
,aas«NB«f  TBjimi^  60^000 owt,  U  uorered 
ndMMon  «f  dw  Tanalim  prtrriaoea,  chiefi;  l^ 

1  tbc  pnmDDe  of  Tenioe  the  reeling  e*t«blishment> 
J  muneroiu,  bat  of  Icm 
■Ubb  to  Uh  troth  ' 


«df ,  and  pMtlf  m  Ilia  Tpol  iIm),  irhibt  ■ 
'     '     '   m  OOn  and  Gndiika,  aa  well 


irtw  wid  lbs  pcribrmaniw*  of  the  pwlh^  ma- 
I  Iha  lyiol  an  sccuratel;  laiown.  In  the  jcv 
A  l^nl  aotUaincd  559  of  aui^  reeling  eatabliih- 
Bow  iMploynd  13,000  hand*,  and  turned  out 
Ki.  of  mr  uUc,  finm  31,900  Vienna  cwt.  of 
HiB  lUFpl;  of  oocooM  Kiquircd,  hejond  that 
1  by  the  prodnrtion  of  the  coiuilrj,  wns  Arv/ra 

Tcnetian  pnnincn. 

albiK  ntahliilimniti  in  llu*  rcmnining  prvTince* 

Mngoinll;,  from  10,000  cut.  of  cwoons,  75,000 
bai-oTiawulk. 

btk  pndurtion  of  taw  silk  ohtsincd  in  the  Aub- 
oanhjr  i*  ahant  4,106,7uo  lbs.  and  tb^  Kiute 
16^400  Ibi.  The  numbn-  of  working  luuids  mn- 
n  Uw  reeling  ealabliilunents  is  not  les  thnn 
(or  if  their  term  of  occupation  bo  rcdui.'ed  to  270 

the  year,  30,000  only),  ficeidi-s  the  iiroducti 
mtmeraled,  about  900  cwt.  of  nicoanB  are  annu- 
orlad  into  Lombardy,  prindpall;  from  Swilier- 
1  the  ncighbDuring  Il^an  Slnte#,  and  are  pre- 
■    the    Lombard   rreling  ntablishnmitf.      The 

et  (ilk  produced  in  thus  increated  to  an  aggre- 

iiia,sooiU] 

tBXlLlBE  SlLEWnBH  BBEKPINO  ASSOCIitTlOX, 

Orat:,  Sfyria. 
onu  of  n«  filk  ;   illuilralion  of  (be  treslment 
Ikwonos. 


I,  U'eitiltlrfiri,  Jlmgaiy. 


1.  Six  epocimens  of  cocoons ;  A,  jellow, 
B,  jellow,  delicate  i  C,  vellow,  satin ,-  D,  yelknr,  aalfron  ( 
"  •  ■■ !,  ooaree  fibre  ;  F,  white,  Dno  fibre.  2.  Specimens 
Bilk,  one  thread ;  raw  Bilk,  yellow  and  white. 
3.  Spedmeii*  of  tram  silk,  tJiree  thrcndi.  4.  Specunena 
of  orgsniine  dlk,  fbr  Telret,  heat;  and  light  aatiu  and 
pliuh.  5.  Spooimena  of  grenadine :  orswlxiiie  grenadine, 
foor  tlircada.  6.  TwoqualitioaofBteiiadmenuinuGuiturea. 
Looms,  Ueurs.  Brerii  Brothera. 

[The  raw  nlk  ondergoea  further  piepantioo  in  the 
throwing  iiiiilB,  but  the  whole  man  of  the  production  ia 
not  thus  worked  up  within  the  monarchy,  for  the  exports 
of  raw  eilk  are  found  conaidBmbl;  to  eitfced  ths  imports. 

1  Bu  BTerage  of  the  five  jeara,  1843  to  1847,  the  annual 

iport*  were  110,000  Tienna  lbs.  of  raw  silk  (through 
Venice,  SwilierUnd,  and  the  odjacent  Italian  Statea), 
whilst  700,000  Ibi.  of  tbid  iwnmioditj  were  eipart«d,  Sot 
the  moat  part  to  Switierland,  the  adjacent  al*t*n  of  Ita^, 
and  Southern  Gennanj.  Umco  it  results  that  a  balance 
of  raw  Bilk,  amounting  to  509,000  lb*.,  hare  been  taken 
off  b;  foreign  oonnunption,  and  thut  the  other  3,61S,SOO 
Tienna  lbs.  are  retained  bj  the  elates  of  the  numarci^, 
and  mora  thnn  two-thirda  thereof  arc  worked  up  in  Lom* 
bardj.  In  1817  that  province  reckoned  500  throwing- 
mills,  with  1,239,000  spindles ;  and  of  Iheso  702,100  wer* 
fbr  epinning  and  607,200  for  twisting.  In  the  throwing- 
mills  tbeuiKili'cs  12,000  hands  vera  employed  (namelj, 
4,400  men,  6,500  women,  and  2,100  children),  and,  mon- 
over,  there  were  occupied  31,800  female  mndera.  Hie 
production  yielded  km  !)8!),000  Vienna  Ibe.  of  tram,  and 
1,180,700  lbs.  of  orgBDziue,  making  together  2,17i),500 
Vienna  lbs.  of  thrown  silk  !  for  thia  aggregate  of  produc- 
tion 2,256,200  Ibe.  of  raw  silk  were  used,  llio  floss  silk 
was  to  the  weight  of  76,000  Iba. 

The  working  of  the  throwing  mille  of  Venice  produa>d, 
in  proportion  to  those  of  Lombardy,  almost  eimilar  reaulti 
to  those  aboTC  indioated  in  reference  to  the  rwling  osta- 
bliehmente  i  only  the  production  of  tram  grenlly  prepon- 
deratea.  The  number  of  persona  employed  in  the  throw- 
ing-miUe,  both  within  and  without  doon,  were  20,000. 
Their  production  was  above  900,000  Vienna  lb*.,  and  tlia 
eonemoplion  of  raw  rilk  by  the  conversion  into  thia  quan- 
tity was  1,009,000  lbs.,  giving  waste  (fioes)  to  the  amount 
of  47.400  lbs. 

There  are  at  present  in  the  l^rol  55  throwing'mille, 
with  125,Oi7  epindlee;  65,5X3  of  which  latter  are  for 
spinning  and  89,464  for  twisting.  In  these  milli  600  men 
and  1,200  women  and  children  are  employed.  The  pro- 
duction there,  including  that  of  the  smaller  throwing-uulla, 
which  giveoccupalion  to  600  workmen.amouuls  to  220,400 
Vienna  Ibt.  of  thrown  ailk,  for  which  231,400  Vienna  Iba. 
of  raw  silk  have  to  be  worked  up. 

Of  the  remunder  of  the  raw  silk  (23,200  lbs.)  about 
1 1,000  lbs.  arc  distiibuled  through  the  other  southern  pro- 
tiuces.and  the  renuuning  9,200  lbs.  appropriilvd  tool  her 
purposes. 

Thia  we  find  a  resulting  total  of  production  equal  to 
3,374,000  Vienna  ll»,  uf  thrown  silk. 


1012 


AUSTRIA. 


The  further  conTcrsion  of  the  tlirown  silk  mto  silk  goods 
is  still  confined  almost  exclusively  to  Vienna,  Milan,  and 
Como,  wliilst  its  working  up  into  mixed  stuffs  has  attained 
considerable  extension.  By  far  the  greater  portion  of  the 
thrown  silk  is,  therefore,  exported  to  foreign  markets. 
From  1843  to  1847  these  exports  showed  an  annual  average 
of  1,934,900  lbs.  of  thrown  silk,  of  142,700  lbs.  of  cleaned 
and  dyed  silk ;  so  that  there  remained  for  home  consump- 
tion about  one-third  of  the  entire  production,  or  1,296,300 
lbs.,  because  the  imports  were  very  inconsiderable. 

More  than  one-half  of  this  quantity  is  worked  up  in 
Vienna,  and  its  manufiicture,  including  the  dyeing  process, 
represents  a  very  large  capitaL  The  consumption  of  silk 
in  Vienna  increases  from  year  to  year. 

Milan  may  be  classed  immediately  after  Vienna,  with 
reference  to  the  value  of  its  productions  in  this  class. 
It  appears  that  the  cultivation  and  manufacture  of  silk 
in  Austria  show  a  gross  resulting  total  of  value  of 
59,000,000  of  florins  j  and  that  they  employ  more  tlian 
800,000  persons,  some  for  the  whole  year,  some  for  shorter 
intervals,  if  the  breeding  of  silkworms  be  also  included. 
Of  what  importance  to  Austria  the  production  of  silk 
and  silk  goods  must  be  is  evident  fix)m  the  course  of  the 
trade  in  these  articles,  wliich  occupy  the  highest  place 
among  the  objects  of  Austrian  commerce.] 

81  Secchi,  Fbancesco,  Mil^in. 
Samples  of  raw  silk  spun  off  with  cold  water. 

82  RoNCnETTi,  PiETRO  Ant.,  Milan — Manufacturer. 
Samples  of  raw  and  spun  silk. 

83  Gbassi,  Dr.  Giuseppe,  Milan. 
Diseased  silkworms,  cured  by  the  exhibitor's  method. 

84  QuEBiM,  Giovanni,  Venice, 
Samples  of  raw  silk. 

85  Pari,  Gera  di,  CaneglianOy  Province  of  Treviso. 
Samples  of  raw  silk. 

86  Canossa,  Marchioness  Eleonora,  nee  Muselli, 

Verona — Producer. 
Samples  of  raw  silk. 

87  Steiner,  G.,  &  Sons,  Bergaino — Manufacturers. 
Samples  of  raw  and  spun  silk. 

87a     Verza  Bbottiers  (late  Carlo  Verza),  Milan. 
Cocoons,  raw  and  spun  silk,  silk  fabrics. 

88  Rossi,  Giovanni  Maria,  Sondrio. 
Samples  of  raw  and  spun  silk. 

89  HuNTADr,  Von  Kithelet,  Count  Joseph, 

Urmeny^  Hungary — Proprietor. 
Sheep-wool  in  fleeces. 

90  FiGDOR,  Is.VAC,  &  Sons,  Vienna — Merchants. 
Hungarian  and  Austrian-Silesian  sheep  and  lambs'  wool. 

[The  manufactiuH}  of  woollen  goods  constitutes  an  im- 
portant branch  of  Austrian  industry.  It  is  of  so  much 
the  greater  importance,  as  it  works  up  a  raw  material 
raised  and  suppUed  by  Austria  herself,  in  which,  besides, 
she  carries  on  a  considerable  trade,  and  which,  being  a 
native  product,  is  not  subject  to  the  fluctuations  that  the 
supply  of  a  raw  material  derived  from  foreign  countries  is 
alwavs  liable  to. 

The  average  production  of  wool  in  Austria  amounts 
annually  to  about  700,000  cwt.  Of  this  quantity  about 
one-third  (produced  in  Moravia,  Silesia,  and  Bohemia, 
in  part  aUo  from  Oalicia,  Hungary,  and  Vpper  and 
Lower  Austria)  is  of  fine  quality :  ono-lialf  (drawn  from 


Galicia,  Hungary,  and  partly  likewise  from  TransylTama) 
is  of  middling  quality ;  the  remainder,  of  an  inferior  sort, 
is  grown  in  Hungary,  Transylvania,  and  the  southeni 
provinces.  To  this  estimate  must  be  added  a  quantity  of 
inferior  kinds,  which  generally  is  of  much  about  the  same 
amount,  imported  chiefly  fi^m  Turkey  and  the  Dannbiaa 
principalities :  these  imports  amounted,  on  an  sverage  of 
the  five  years  1843  to  1847  (the  years  1848  and  1849 
having  been  years  out  of  the  usual  course  and  condition, 
are  not  noticed  here),  to  57,000  cvrt.  annually ;  whilst  the 
annual  exports  during  the  same  period  averaged  122,700 
cwt.  About  637,000  cwt.  of  wool  remained,  thereforc,  to 
be  manufactured  by  Austrian  industry.] 

91  Von  Mittbowskt,  Count  Anton,  OroMsherrUtZy 

Silesia — Proprietor. 
Viire  stock  merino  sheep-wooL 

92  Laeisch-Mcennich,  Count  Heinbich,  JTarwta, 

Silesia — Proprietor. 
Sheep-wool  in  fleeces. 

93  Wallis,  Olivier,  Count  Von,  KoUesdkowiU, 

Bohemia — Proprietor. 
Washed  and  unwashed  wool. 
Bohemian  hops. 

94  Panna,  N.,  &  Alexis,  J.,  Cronstadt^  TrantylwMimA. 
Washed  and  unwashed  Transylvania  Zackel-sheep  and 

lambs'-wool,  and  washed  and  unwashed  Tran^lvBoia 
Zigaja-sheep  and  lambs' -wool. 

95  BiBNBAUM,  Jacob,  Pesih^  Hungary — ManufiMiiuTcr. 
Prepared  Hungarian  hemp  for  various  purposes. 

95a        Peivileqed  Linen  Yarn  Spinning  Mill, 

Schonbergj  Moravia. 
Raw  flax,  heckled  flax,  and  flax  made  therefrt)ni. 

96  Patent  Flax  Raiting  Establishment, 

Ullersdorf  near  Schonberg,  Moravia. 
Raw  and  heckled  flax  of  the  year  lb50. 

[Tlie  average  production  of  flax  within  the  monarehy 
amounts,  exclui«ive  of  the  growth  of  Hungary,  the  Vayvode, 
the  Temeser  Banate,  Croatia,  and  Slavonia,  as  well  as 
Transylvania,  to  813,700  cwt.,  and  that  of  hemp  to 
725,400  cwt.  Of  Hungary  and  Transylvania  the  annual 
production  of  flax  is  reckoned  at  380,000  cwt.,  and  of 
hemp  at  500,000  cwt.  The  average  crops,  both  as  to  flax 
and  to  hemp,  may  be  taken  as  1,200,000  cwt.  of  each.  Of 
the  flax,  the  distribution  is  to  Galicia,  256,100  c^-t. ;  to 
Bohemia,  178,800  cwt. ;  to  Lombardy,  111,200  cwt. ;  to 
Moravia  and  Silesia,  64,200  cwt.  ;  and  to  the  Tyrol, 
50,000  cwt.  Of  the  hemp,  to  Gahcia,  494,900  cwt. ;  to 
the  Province  of  Venice,  59.600  cwt. ;  and  to  the  Militaiy 
Frontier,  57,150  cwt.  Tliey  furnish  360,000  cwt.  of  clean 
flax,  and  600,000  cwt.  of  tow,  of  clean  hemp  360,000  cwt., 
with  480,000  cwt.  of  tow.  These  quantities,  which  ulti- 
mately undergo  further  manufactiu*,  arc,  as  to  flax, 
scarcely  at  all  aflected  by  the  course  of  trade  with  foreign 
countries ;  for,  diuing  the  quinquennial  period,  18-13  to 
1847,  the  average  imports  amounted  to  15,900  cwt.,  and 
tlie  exports  to  19,400  cwt.  Hemp,  on  the  other  hand, 
derives  a  considerable  increase  of  quantity  from  the  excess 
of  the  imports  fr^m  abroad.  During  the  same  interval 
there  were  annually  imported,  on  an  average,  100,900  cwt., 
whilst  only  34,700  cwt.  were  exported.] 

9  7  Tom ASSIA,  Luigi,  Poggio, Lombardy — Manufacturer. 
Willow-straw  for  hats. 

98  RoTSCH  &  Reichel,  Oratz^  Slyria. 

Styrian  teazles,  for  the  woollen  manufacture. 


AUSTRIA. 


1013 


99  ScHoFFL,  Joseph,  Saas^  Bohemia — Producer. 
Hops  from  SaAZ,  Aiuch,  and  Mclnik,  in  Bohemia, 

1 00  B  ATKJL,  Wekzel,  Prague^  Bohemia — Manufacturer. 
Bohemian  yegetable  produce. 

Medical  planta  and  pharmaceutical  productions. 

101  RsALi,  GrrssFPE  (late  Antonio  Eeali) ,  Venice. 
Bleached  Venetian  wax  in  grains. 

102  Maltieti,  C.  J.,  Peslk,  Hungary — Manufacturer. 
Befined  and  unrefined  rape-oiL 

103  STECTBdCK,  A.,  St.  Chargen,  near  Mauthhatuen^ 
Upper  Austria ;  Agent,  No.  5  Denmark  Street,  Soho. 
Specimens  of  linseed  oil,  varnish,  and  Austrian  and 

MoraTian  linseed. 

105        ScmnD,  H.  D.,  Tlenna — Manufecturer. 

Steam-engine,  with  a  paraboloidic  regulator  of  new 
inrention. 

Model  of  a  patent  scale-beam. 

I>e»igns  for  beet -root  sugar  factories. 

[The  manufacture  of  machinery  has  only  very  recently 
become  a  part  of  Austrian  industry,  and  already  promises 
welL  The  superior  quaUty  of  the  raw  material  of  the 
eoontry  affords  to  this  branch  most  important  advantages. 
Prime-morers,  steam-engines,  and  locomotives  are  pro- 
duced of  excellent  quaUty.  Various  circumstances,  par- 
ticularly the  enormous  freight,  prevented  the  transmission 
of  extensive  contributions  to  the  London  Exhibition  from 
this  department. 

The  rapidly-increasing  demand  for  machines,  in  conse- 
quence of  the  general  development  of  Austrian  industry, 
and  the  progress  of  railway  constructions  and  of  steam 
navigation,  has  of  late  years  called  into  existence  the  busi- 
neMt  of  the  wholesale  manufiicture  of  machines.  But  this 
niMrlv -created  manufacture  had  to  contend,  at  its  outset, 
nith  trnvit  (lifTu'iilties.  Tlic  natural  consequence  has  been, 
tliat  enijine  builders  have  not  yet  readied  that  perfec- 
tion %»hieh  is  to  Ik*  desired,  although  tliev  are  already  able 
to  ctmijvto  with  forei^i  makers  in  some  of  the  main 
or  }»niicn»al  articlet  of  their  trade,  and  can  now  furnish 
«kt««n»-tiijnncf»,  mat'hiner}-  for  direct  use,  planing-nmehines, 
crrKiTing  to<»L<,  spinning-mules,  mills,  cranes,  spindles, 
I'linijis,  kc.  Tlie  larger  steam-engines  (whieh  are  coming 
iTito  extensive  use)  are  imporle<l  from  abroad  in  a  smaller 
n-iDiber  every  year.  For  example,  of  the  136  steam-en- 
fnn*-*  of  f»,S3i>-horse  power,  which  was  the  nimiher  regis- 
U^n^\  in  lH-16,  t)S  of  1,559- horse  power  in  all  were  manu- 
fsdunsl  at  home.  At  the  close  of  the  year  18 W5,  7G0 
•tt-am-niirines,  representing  24,73 l-horse  power,  were  m 
w.-rk  in  till'  German,  Slavonic,  and  Italian  provinces,  but 
the  nuniU'r  h.is  since  considerably  increased.  Notwith- 
•tandinu  the  improvement  tliat  has  been  made  in  this 
bmrx'h  of  indu.-try,  the  importation  of  machines  and  parts 
of  nu^f  liim-^  frf>m  yt^ir  to  year  has  gradually  progressed.] 

!«>»»  Mll.E^l,  Angeix),  Verona — Engineer. 

M*)d('l  of  a  ilouble  condensation  steam-engine.  Has 
KiTi  ertx'tc<l  lu  Venma,  in  fidl  size,  and  is  in  use. 

lo»»i  Oi.DKiM,  JoHANX,  Vienna. 

M'xlel  of  an  inditro  mill.  Model  of  an  apparatus  for 
j*nntinir  yam,  «Sa'.,  bcfon*  weaving. 

lo7  K.MERiM,  Ferdinand,  Henna. 

A  ftirriace. 

'Tie  manufacture  of  carriages  of  different  kinds  is 
t-aim-d  on  in  Vienna,  Prague,  Gratz,  Milan,  and  also  in 
••nerAl  smaller  places  in  Moravia  and  Bohemia. 


Vienna  furnishes  very  tasteful,  serviceable,  and  cheap 
carriages  of  aU  kinds.  The  export  of  them  to  foreign 
parts  is  very  considerable,  and  the  ah*eady  large  manufac- 
ture is  daily  extending. 

The  Vienna  carriage  is  characterised  by  its  easy  draught, 
elegant  form,  and  the  durabihty  of  its  upholstery  work,  &c.] 

108        Laubenzi,  Ltjdwio,  Vienna — Coachmaker. 

A  four-seated  cal^he,  on  nine  steel  springs  and  patent 
axles. 


109  The  Heirs  op  P.  Gahba,  Milan — Manufacturers. 
A  Jacquard  loom. 

110  RiDLEB,  Ferdinand,  Spital-on-the-Pghm, 

Upper  Austria — Steel-worker. 
Damascene  steel. 
Damascened  swords  and  sword-blades. 


111  Peroer,  J.,  Ch-atz,  Stgria — Manufacturer. 
A  pair  of  pistols. 

112  Meter  &  Co.,  InnspTruck,  Tgrol — Manufacturers. 
A  Tyrolese  rifle ;  exhibited  for  its  superior  quaUties  and 

cheapness. 

113  SchSnhttber,  Josef,  Villach,  Upper  Carinthia 

— M  anufacturer . 
A  bolt  rifle,  propelling  the  bolt  by  means  of  a  spring, 
on  a  new  construction. 

114  Lebbda,  a.  v.,  Prague — Manufacturer. 
A  double-barrelled  gim. 

A  Tyrolese  rifle. 

A  pistol  for  target  shooting. 

115  NowAK,  Franz,  Prague — Manufacturer. 
A  double-barrelled  gun. 

A  pair  of  target  pistols. 

116  Kehlner's  Nephew,  A.  Cn.,  Prague — 

Manufacturer. 
A  pair  of  pistols  for  shooting  at  a  target.      The  wood 
eanings  by  Mr.  Worlinek,    after   drawings   by   Messrs. 
Marx  and  Sciberts. 

117  Preis,  Anton,  Prague — Manufactiux'r. 
An  assortment  of  weapons,  hangers,  &c. 

118  ScHAMAL,  Franz,  Prague — Manufacturer. 
An  air-pistol. 

119  MiciiELONi,  Giovanni,  Milan — Manufacturer. 
Double-barrelled  fowling-piece. 

120  BuBENiTSCEK,  JosEPU,  JTermannstadfy  Tran- 

sglrania — Manufacturer. 
A  travelling-pouch,  containing  a  huutmg-knife,  a  pistol, 
knives  and  forks. 

121  KiRNKH,  J.,  Pesfh,  Hungary — Manufacturer. 
A  double  gun. 

122  Sellier    &    Bellot,    Prague  —  Manufacturers. 

(Agents,  B.  A.  (rrautoll'  &  Co.,  4  Lime  Street 
Square,  London.) 
Patent  percussion  caps.  The  total  manufacture  of  |X'r- 
cussi(m-caps  for  sjmrting  guns  in  Kuroj)c  may  be  estimated 
at  1,:)(X)  !nillion«i  yearlv.  Some  idea  of  tlie  importance  of 
this  article  may  be  formed  from  the  (juaiitity  of  cop|)er 
requi.«*ite  f«jr  it.-*  j)ro(luction,  viz.,  31H),(KH)  lbs.  weight. 
The  great  ad%aiil:ii;es  of  the  pcrcu«»sion  principle  have 
been  so  generally  acknowledged  that  within  the  short 
;*pace  of  20  years  all  kinds  of  guns  with  llint-locks  have 
Imi'ti  abandoned,  and  the  pen*usMon  system  has  likewise 
Ix'cn  ext<'ndcd  to  mu-*kcts  for  the  army.  The |)ereussion- 
cajis  exhibited  are  stated  to  be  remarkable  for  a^rcuracy 
and  equality  of  bore,  for  tlic  malleability  of  the  cop|>er, 
a!id  su[)erior  qu:ility  of  the  ])owdcr.  The  iwreussion- 
c»ap>  coated  with  varnish  exhibitcHi  may  remain  in  water 


1014 


AUSTRIA. 


for  72  hours  and  more  without  losing  their  power  of 
immediately  igniting  the  powder. 

Nipples  (pistons)  hermetically  closed,  a  new  invention, 
which  prevents  any  moisture  from  penetrating  between  the 
percussion-caps  and  the  nipple,  and  thus  preserves  the 
sportsman's  powder  perfectly  dry. 

Specimens  of  iron  cylinders  coated  with  cast-steel  of 
superior  hardness  and  sohdity. 

122a.  Diez,  Ernst,  Vtllach^  Carinthia. 

Shot  and  bullets. 

123  HoRSKY,  FaAJfz,  Libiegitz^  Bohemia — Patentee 

and  Inventor. 
A  seed-harrow,  a  potato-cultivator,  a  drilling-machine, 
a  turnip  and  weed  cradicator,  &c.,  the  inventions  of  the 
exhibitor;  manufactured  at  the  iron- works  of  CJount 
Stadion,  at  Josephsthal,  Bohemia.  Provisionally  regis- 
tered. 

124  LoBKOWiTZ,  Peince  FEBDINA^^)  \oy,  Eisenberg, 
Bohemia — Manufactory  of  Agricultural  Implements. 
A  seed-harrow.     A  double-marker. 

A  seed-coverer.     A  seed-loosener. 
A  weed-destroyer.     A  sub-soil  plough. 
The  inventions  of  the  ChevaHer  von  Infeld,  of  Eisen- 
berg,  manager  of  the  works. 

125  Riese-Stallbubo,  Baron  Werner  Friedrich 

VON,  Schlafty  Bohemia — Proprietor. 

A  carrot-driller. 

126  Maoni,  Gioacchino,  Milan — Proprietor. 
An  iron  harrow. 

127  Pajk,  Georo.,  Carpenter  for  the  Camiolia  Agri- 

cultural Society,  Laibach. 
Model  of  a  Camiolian  granary. 
Model  of  a  Camiohan  bee-hive. 


128  Hoepfner,  Josef,  GroUenhof,  iS'/yr/a— Proprietor. 
Model  of  a  stand  for  cocoons. 


129  Proksch,  Anton,  Gcirkau,  Bohemia — Inventor. 
A  knapsack,  &c.,  of  convenient  construction. 

130  Mechanical  Department  of  the  Imperial 

PoLTTECHNic  INSTITUTE,  Henna. 

1.  A  universal  Y  level,  telescope  15  lines  aperture,  and 
20  times  magnifying  power,  horizontal  limb,  with  two 
verniers  from  30  to  30  seconds  ;  altitude  circle,  with  ver- 
niers divided  in  single  minutes  on  silver ;  micrometer 
screw,  with  divided  head  for  measuring  distance  and  alti- 
tude.   Patented  by  Stampfer  and  Starke ;  in  poUshed  case. 

2.  A  Y  level,  an  instrument  for  measuring  distance 
and  altitude  ;  patented  by  Stamj)fer  and  Starke ;  telescope 
13  lines  aperture,  15  times  magnifying  power,  the  eye-piece 
with  machinery  for  accurate  adjustment ;  lijnb  divided  by 
the  vernier  to  single  minutes  on  silver ;  horizontal  clamping 
and  horizontal  adjustment,  &c.  In  polished  case,  with 
lock  and  handle. 

3.  A  level  with  fixed  telescope,  16  lines  aperture, 
12  times  magnifying  power ;  Umb  divided  at  evei-y  minute 
on  silver ;  horizontal  clamping  and  horizontal  slow  mo- 
tion.    In  polished  case. 

4.  A  level  with  fixed  telescope,  11  lines  apcrtuT<?, 
12  times  magnifying  power,  eye-pieco  with  machinery  for 
accurate  adjustment ;  obUque  limb  divided  at  every 
minute  on  silver ;  arrangement  for  measuring  distance, 
&c.,  as  above.     In  poUshed  case. 

6.  A  level  without  Umb;  telescope  11  lines  aperture, 
12  times  magnifying  power.     In  polished  case. 

6.  A  pocket  level,  weighing  10^  ounces,  with  telescope 
6  times  raagnifynig  power. 

7.  A  pocket  levelling  dioptric,  with  telescope  without 
magnifying  power. 


8.  A  telescope  lineal  of  novel  construction,  made  veiy 
Ught,  only  weighing  1^  lb.     In  polished  case. 

9.  A  telescope  lineal,  patented  by  Stampfer  and  Staike. 
In  polished  case. 

10.  A  universal  level  (theodolite)  for  mines ;  rectangokr 
telescope,  11  lines  aperture ;  horizontal  and  vertical  umb^ 
divided  on  silver  by  verniers  from  30  to  30  secondB ;  ar> 
rangement  for  measuring  distance  and  altitude,  striding 
spirit  level,  &c.     In  case. 

A  dynamograph,  for  ascertaining  the  average  strength 
of  draught.  Invented  by  Adam  ChevaUer  de  Burg,  direo- 
tor  of  the  Imperial  Polytechnic  Institute,  Vienna. 

[Mathematical  instruments  of  good  quality  and  at  low 
prices  are  mostly  made  in  Vienna,  by  a  number  of  «maH 
working  tradesmen,  for  the  supply  of  the  monarchy.  A 
few  specimens  of  the  larger  surveying  instrumoiti  aie, 
however,  exliibited. 

Optical  instruments  are  likewise  produced  principallj 
in  Vienna,  of  superior  quality,  particularly  those  which 
serve  more  for  purposes  of  general  utiUty  than  for  scienooL 
Opera-glasses  and  similar  articles  of  the  utmost  excdlence^ 
as  well  as  spectacles  and  eye-glasses,  of  all  descriptions 
and  mountings,  are  made  in  Vienna  by  a  great  number  of 
tradesmen.  Tlie  glasses  come  mostly  from  Bohemian 
manufactories,  but  are  cut  in  Vienna.  No  sample  of  this 
department  has  been  sent. 

Of  the  philosophical  instruments,  only  a  few  speci- 
mens, have  been  forwarded.] 

131  RiEDL,  TON  Leuenstein,  J.,  Jlenna — Inventor. 
Globe  of  the  moon. 

132  ZiBERMAYR,  M.,  Oratz,  Sti/ria — Inventor. 
Chronoglobium  and  planetarium. 

133  Brandeis,  R.  W.,  Pro^rtte— Manufacturer. 
Saccharometrical  apparatus  for  trying  beer,  designed  bj 

Mr.  C.  J.  N.  BaUing,  Professor  of  Chemistry,  of  Prague. 

134  Jerak,  Franz,  Prague — Manufacturer. 
Philosophical,   chemical,  and  medical  apparatus  and 

instruments. 

Works  of  art  in  glass. 

135  Batka,  Wenzel,  Prague — Manufacturer. 
Cliemical  and  philosophical  apparatus. 

An  electro-magnetic  apparatus,  by  Prof.  Petrina,  Prague. 
An  apparatus  for  trying  beer,  after  the  design  of  Dr. 
Steinheil,  of  Vienna. 

136  RoccHETTi,  Paolo,  Padua — Engineer. 
Geometrical  instruments. 


137  WuRM,  Franz  X.\ver,  Vienna — Engineer 
Pyrometer  for  discovering  tlie  degree  of  heat :  a  new 

invention. 

Patent  furnace  bar,  new  invention.  Provisionally  regis- 
tered. 

Artificial  feet  and  anns. 

Iron- wire  roi)c. 

138  ZwiCKL,  Joseph,  Atzgersdor/^  near  Tlenna 

— Manufacturer. 
An  instrument  for  measuring  concave  surfaces. 

139  Marchesi,  Gio.  B.,  Zorfi— Inventor. 

A  writing  macliine  for  the  bhnd,  producing  the  letters 
either  black  or  in  reUef. 

140  Schneider,  Joseph,  Vienna — Manufacturer. 
Grand  pianoforte  of  American  maple,  7  octaves,  with 

Viennese  mechanism,  ornamented  with  inlaid- work. 

[The  excellence  and  extent  of  the  musical  department  in 
Austria  are  the  natural  consequences  of  the  fondness  of  its 
inhabitants  for  music,  and  the  extensive  demand  for 
musical  instruments  resulting  therefrom. 


AUSTRIA. 


1015 


Vieium  and  Prague  are  the  principal  seats  of  the  manu- 
&cture  of  stringed  and  wind  instruments,  which  are  cele- 
brated for  purity  of  tone  and  cheapness,  and  are  conse- 
quentljr  articles  of  considerable  export.  Also  in  other 
part*  of  Bohemia  and  the  Archduchy  of  Austria,  and  in 
Lombardy,  excellent  musical  instruments  are  made. 

Hie  Vienna  pianoforte  is  considered  to  possess  a  fuU  and 
Iwaatifiil  tone,  easy  touch,  elegant  and  light  shape.  The 
fnaniifarturers  encbayoured  to  adapt  the  mechanism  of  the 
initrumenta  to  the  taste  of  the  yarious  countries.  The 
lew  specimens  in  the  Exhibition  deserve  attention,  also  for 
the  tasteful  cabinet-work  of  the  cases. 

Besides  Vienna,  at  Prague,  Otntz,  Presburg,  and  other 
places  in  Austria,  pianofortes  of  equally  good  quality  are 
manufactured. 

Harmonioons,  both  large  and  small,  the  latter  of  which 
are  rather  to  be  considered  as  toys,  are  extensiyely  made 
in  Vienna  of  good  quahty,  and  are  largely  exported. 
Musical  boxes  from  Prague  are  also  exported  in  large 
quantities.] 

141         VLAarr,  JoHAjOf,  Pra47«<f— Manufacturer. 
A  pianoforte,  7  octares,  of  walnut-tree  wood. 

141a  Pott je,  J.,  J^l«ina— Manufacturer. 

Cirand  pianoforte  of  rosewood,  with  carved  ornaments, 
seven  octaves ;  Vienna  mechanism. 

141b         Sktffebt,  E.,  Vienna — Manufacturer. 

Piccolo  pianoforte  of  rosewood,  with  buhl-work  and 
transposition  mechanism,  from  designs  of  the  architect, 
Bernardo  de  Bemardis,  in  Vienna.  The  bronze  oma- 
menta  by  A.  HoUenbach,  Vienna. 

141c  HoxA,  F.,  ruMMa— Manufacturer. 

Grand  pianoforte,  seven  octaves,  with  brass  string-plate, 
and  the  strings  attached  to  separate  iron  tongues  j  the 
ea^  of  Hungarian  poplar. 

1 4 1  r>       Deftschmann,  J.,  77fwna— Manufacturer. 
A  nielo<lium. 

142  WiLHEi.M,  AxTON,  3f6Minq,  near  Vienna— 

Manufacturer. 
L-.ithfr  for  covering  the  haTinncrs  of  pianofortes. 

1  \.\      BlENEKT,   I).,  Si    Soy,    MaderMuser,     Bohemia— 
Mainifa^turen*.    (Agent,  Mr.  Ilolste,  76  Basing- 
liali  Street,  London.) 
DiiTcTvnt  kindsof  prepared  woo<l  fornmsieal  instruments. 

144        BiTTNER,  David,  J'i>»;ia— Manufacturer. 

A  *trin;re<!  (juartett  (two  violinn,  tenor,  and  violoncello). 
A  umIii),  a  l)a««^.vi()I,  and  a  guitar. 

1  4. »   K< »??ELT,  Joii AN \,  Turuau,  Bohemia — Manufacturer. 
A  v;.jluDtvllo,  inLiid  with  niother-of-i)earl. 

1  I'*.     Herzlieb,  F.,  Gralz,  %na— Manufacturer. 
A  •tnnired  quartett  (two  violins,  tenor,  and  violoncello). 

147        CEhrn,  Exhico,  Cremow<i— Manufacturer. 
A  violin. 


14"^         Kiendl,  Antu.v,  r/>«;m— Manufacturer. 
Two  cithern  J  (stringed  in>trunient>). 

1  4'.»      HiTirER,  Mi(  II AE^  n/>«;m— Manufacturer. 
A  ritliem  (a  >»trini:»-<l  in«.tnnnent). 

1  .V>     Cam  K(;ai:i,  Antomo  (finn  of  Antonio  Trial  tletto 
Ronianin  A  Co.),  PrtJwa— Manufacturer. 
An  a**onmfiit  of  Htring:^  for  musical  instriunents,  in- 
du'liiiir  Violin,  violoncello,  double  baf*s,  harps,  &c.,  and 
•juiiiiirtu  of  cat -prut. 


151  Indri,  Antonio,  Venice — ^Manufacturer. 

Samples  of  strings  for  guitar,  viohu,  violoncello,  harp, 
and  double  bass. 

152  Hell,  Ferdinand,  T^nna — Manufiwiturer. 
Musical   instruments:     a   clarionet,    comet-^pistons, 

bugle,  bass-tuba,  trumpet,  euphonion  horn,  and  a  bass  in- 
strument, a  new  invention,  called  Hell's  horn. 

152a.        Theisz,  S.,  Hermannsttidty  Transylvania — 

Manufacturer. 
A  French  horn  and  fife. 

1 53  Riedl's  Widow,  J.  F.,  Fi^wo— Manu&cturer. 
Various  wind  instruments  of  metal. 

154  Stehle,  JonANN,  Vienna — Manufacturer. 
Harmonic  bass  (a  new  instrument)  and  a  bassoon. 

155  Uhlmann,  Joseph,  Vienna — Manufacturer. 
Various  wind  instruments  of  wood  and  metal. 

156  Zieqleb,  JouANN,  Fi^^io — Manufiacturer. 
Flutes  and  clarionet. 

157  Ceeveny,  W.  F.,  K6niggrdtZy  Bohemia— 

Patentee. 
Various  wind  instruments  of  metal ;   among  them  a 
new  phonikon  horn,  called  Zevuhoroh. 

158  RoTT,  A.  H.,  Prague — Manufacturer. 
Various  wind  instruments  of  metal. 


159  RoTT,  ViNCENZ,  Josef,  Prague — Manufacturer. 
Various  wind  and  stringed  instruments. 

160  STdHE,  Feanz,  Prague — Manufacturer. 
Wind  instruments :  euphonion  and  bugle. 

161  Pelitti,  Giuseppe,  J!fe7an— Manufecturer. 
Wind  instruments  of  metal,  of  novel  construction. 

162  Rzebitschek,  F.,  Pra^^rM^— Manufact  urer. 

Four  musical-boxes,  playing  two,  three,  four,  and  six 
tunes. 


103  REixiscn,  Joseph,  n<?;i«a— Manufacturer. 
Different  kinds  of  hamionicons  and  mouth-organs. 

104  Steinkellneu,  C,  Vienna — Manufacturer. 
Different  kinds  of  accordions. 


104a     Laudachek,  Franz,  Linz,  Upper  Austria. 
Church  clock. 

105  Liszt,  Anton,  F/ew/ia. 

Two  travelling  clocks. 

[Vienna,  Prague,  and  Gratz  are  the  principal  scats  of 
this  industry'.  In  the  fonncr  place  particularly,  the  con- 
stniction  of  clocks  is  carried  on  extensivelv  bva  numerous 
class  of  small  manufacturers.  The  Vienna  clocks  in  glazed 
wooden  cases,  the  metal  clocks  called  Black  Forest,  or 
Schwarzwiilder,  clocks,  and  the  small  clocks  (Nippuhren) 
on  bronze  or  porcelain  stands,  and  under  glass  shades, 
have  become  considerable  exj)ort  articles — the  former  on 
aj'count  of  their  excellence,  the  latter  owing  to  their 
appearance  and  cheapnos. 

Cliurcli  clocks,  astronomical  clocks,  travelling  clocks, 
and  also  watches,  are  of  superior  workmanship.] 

100         Mahenzf.lleh,  Tgnaz,  He/JM  a— Clock  maker. 
A  chronometer  of  novel  construction. 

107         RATZENHorn:,  J.  F.,  /'/Vw/jfi— Clockmaker. 

A  geographical  clock,  showing  the  diffcnMicc  of  iiu-an 
time  in  all  the  capitals  of  Kurojx',  from  a  dcyigii  hy  It.  di 
Bemardis. 


1016 


AUSTRIA. 


168  ScHXTBBET,  Anton,  Vienna — Clockmaker. 
DifTercnt  kinds  of  clocks ;  including  bracket,  table,  and 

small  toilet  clocks. 

169  KeXlik,  S.,  Pesth,  Hungary — Clockmaker. 
A  trayelling  dock  with  13  escapements. 

A  gold  cylinder  watch. 

170  Zklisko,  AuGrsT,  Pra^yiw?— Clockmaker. 

A  pendulum  dock,  going  a  twelyomonth,  jewelled  socket 
and  escapement.   

170a.  Andfbwalt,  Pasqttale,  2VtM<*and5  Tine  Street^ 
Regent  Street — Manufacturer. 
Three  pendulum  clocks,  Nos.  1  and  2,  moved  by  the 
disengagement  of  hydrogen  gas,  which  renews,  at  stated 
times,  their  winding  up.  No.  1  will  go  for  30  years,  and 
No.  2  for  20  years,  without  erer  requiring  to  be  wound 
up.  They  may  be  wound  up  for  a  century,  without 
alteration  in  dimensions  or  form.  No.  3,  a  barometrical 
clock,  constantly  winds  itself  up  by  the  pressure  of  the 
atmosphere  on  quicksilver.     Provisionally  registered. 

171  CiiiACHicn,  Michael,  Fiume — Spinner. 
Specimens  of  cotton  yam. 

[Cotton-spinning  and  weaving  have  of  late  years  been 
greatly  on  the  increase  in  Austria,  owing  to  the  demand 
for  home  eonsmnption.  Bohemia,  Lower  Austria,  and 
Voralberg,  in  the  Tyrol,  contain  most  of  the  spinning- 
mills  ;  Bohemia  has  by  far  the  greatest  number  of  esta- 
blishments for  weaving  and  printing.  The  erection  of 
power-looms  has  not  been  extensive,  the  greatest  part  of 
the  articles  produced  being  woven  by  hand  by  the  inha- 
bitants of  the  Bohemian  mountain-frontier  districts.  The 
production  of  cx>tton  yam  and  goods  has  increased  of  late 
years  in  a  measure  which  bears  no  proportion  to  the  small 
number  of  the  samples  exliibited.] 

172  Grillmateb,  Johank,  Linz^  Upper  Austria — 

Spinner. 
Specimens  of  cotton  yam. 

173  HlRSCHEL  &  MiNEBBi,  Haidenschaft^  Ulyria. 

Wliite  cotton  warp  yam. 
Red-dved  cotton  miile  vam. 

1  73a      Lenssen,  JrLius,  Tischnoiritz,  Bohemia — 
Red  cotton  yam. 

174  Peboeb,  Josef,  Ilirtenherg — Spinner. 
Cotton  yam  in  various  stages  of  manufacture. 

175  PORDENONK  COTTOX  MiLL  AND  DyEIUQ  ESTA- 

BLISHMENT, near  Venice. 
Samples  of  cotton  twist,  dyed  Turkey  red. 

176  RiCHTEfi,  FuANZ,  Smichow,  near  Prague^  Bohemia 

— Spinner. 
Tarn  spun  from  Mobile  cotton. 

[The  cotton  manufacture  gives  employment  the  whole 
year  round  to  hundreds  of  thousands  of  individuals ;  but 
no  other  branch  is  subject  to  such  fluctuations,  and  these 
arc  occasioned,  in  the  first  place,  by  the  necessity  for 
drawing  the  supply  of  the  raw  material  from  abroad. 
Tlie  rapid  development  of  the  cotton  manufacture  is 
shown  in  the  clearest  manner  by  the  quantities  imported 
at  given  periods.  On  an  average  of  the  five  years,  1S13 
to  1847,  they  had  increased  to  403,100  cwt.  In  the  year 
1846  they  had  reached  447,300  cwt.,  and  had  thus  wiihin 
18  years  increased  sevenfold.  The  exports  of  cotton 
were  unimportant,  amounting  on  an  average  to  about 
1,700  cwt.  only  a  year :  so  that  the  whole  quantity  im- 
ported may  be  considered  as  entering  for  manufacture 
into  tlie  home  consumption  of  the  Austrian  monarchy. 


The  fint  process  in  the  preparation  of  the  oottofn  takes 
place  in  the  spinning-mills.  In  the  year  1847  the  Aoftna 
monarchy  contained  206  spinning-mills,  with  6,125  ipiii- 
ning  machines,  and  l,4i21,986  spindles.  These,  however, 
are  very  imequally  distributed  over  the  several  proviiMei^ 
The  greatest  number  of  spindles  was  posaeased  hj  Low 
Austria,  which  could  reckon  528,916,  most  of  them  in  the 
neighbourhood  of  Vienna,  and  by  Bohemia  whidi  had 
448,368.  Next  in  order  was  the  l^rol,  which  could  ooiml 
195,410  (these  almost  exclusively  in  the  Torariberg),  then 
Lombardy,  with  104^473  spindles,  and  Upper  Austm 
with  61,489.  In  the  other  provinces,  spinning  mills 
occur  but  sparingly,  here  and  there. 

The  entire  stock  of  cotton  of  all  these  milla  wae,  at  the 
beginning  of  1849,  about  52,659  cwt.,  and  thej  siq>plied 
themselves  in  the  course  of  that  year,  to  the  further  ex- 
tent of  499,012  cwt.  Tlieir  total  production  for  the  eaine 
year,  of  cotton  yum  and  twist,  was  897,240  cwt. 

Tliere  were  employed  directly  in  the  spinning  mills 
nearly  30,000  workpeople;  but  the  number  indirectly 
employed  being  large,  this  amount  is  thereby  nused  to 
about  50,000  hands.] 

176a     Diebzers*  IIeibs,  Johakn,  Theresintkaf,  near 
Omundeny  Upper  Austria, 
Specimens  of  cotton  yam. 

177  Fbohlicu's  Sons,  Gr.  A.,  Warnsdorfy  Bohemia— 

Manufacturen. 
Cotton  velvet  of  different  kinds,  dyed  and  printed. 
White  flannel. 

178  Grohmann,  Cabl,  Lindenau,  Bohemia — 

Manufacturer. 
Cotton  yam,  dyed  Turkey  red  and  pink. 
Cotton  velvet  and  caHco,  dyed  Turkey  red. 

179  Lauoe,  rBA>z,  &  Sons,  St.  Oeorgenihal^  BohemU 

— Manufacturers. 
Cotton  velvets  of  diflerent  kinds. 


180  WiNTEB,  Joseph,  Vienna — Manu&cturer. 
Quilted  bed-covers. 

181  EnryoEB,  Albert,  Obertangenau^  near  ffohenelhe, 

Bohemia — Manufacturer  and  Bleacher. 
Various  cotton  goods.     Jaconets,  handkerchief*,  Ac. 

182  Friedbtch,  Andreas,  Vienna — Manufacturer. 
Various  cotton  goods,  shirtings,  musUns,  tliibets,  &c, 

[In  addition  to  the  yam  of  Austrian  production,  con- 
sidernble  quantities  of  the  finest  yams  are  annually  im- 
ported from  abroad.  In  the  five  years,  from  1843  to 
1847,  there  were  imported  annually  41,787  cwt.,  whereas 
no  more  than  1,464  cwt.  were  exported  annually  during 
the  same  interval. 

The  weaving,  in  by  far  the  greatest  proportion,  per- 
tains to  the  domestic  induetrv  of  tlie  monarchv,  the 
number  of  the  more  extensive  estabUslmients  being  very 
small.  It  is  followed  moat  extensively  in  Boliemia,  where 
it  employs  180,000  people.  Moravia  and  Silesia  come 
next  with  regard  to  the  extent  to  which  this  occupation  is 
followed,  although  but  one  single  cotton  spinning-mill 
exists  in  them  (and  tliat  only  since  18-18)  :  in  these  pro- 
vmces  40,000  persons  earn  a  subsistenco  by  weaving.  In 
Lower  Austria,  and  especially  in  Vienna,  mixed  stu£b 
particularly  are  manufactured,  and  this  is,  to  some  ex- 
tent, the  case  in  Upper  Austria  also.  In  Styrio,  lUyria, 
Galicia,  and  in  the  province  of  Venice,  the  cotton  manu- 
facture is  but  inconsiderable.  In  the  Tyrol  (the  Vorarl- 
bcrg)  the  yam  produced  is  not  worked,  but  is  principally 
sent  to  Lombardy,  Bohemia,  Moravia,  and  Austria.  The 
cotton  weaving   of  Lombardy   is  of  more  importance. 


AUSTRIA. 


1017 


■hhough  si  present,  with  the  exception  of  the  mixed 
«tuffi^  an  ordinarj  fabric  only  is  produced  there.  In 
Dafanatia  and  in  the  MiUtar^*  Frontier  this  branch  of  in- 
dustiy  can  scarcely  be  said  to  be  carried  on  at  all ;  and 
Hungary,  together  with  the  Yayrode  and  the  Tameser 
Banate,  Transylyania,  Croatia,  and  Slavonia,  produce  but 
eommon  stufis,  for  which  the  neighbouring  Austrian  pro- 
fiimi&h  the  principal  supply  of  yam;  for  the 
of  the  fire  years  last  referred  to  show  that 
14,728  cwt.  of  yam  were  exported  thither,  whereas  the 
imports  from  thence  amounted  only  to  594  cwt.  The 
number  of  hands  engaged  in  the  occupation  of  ootton- 
wearing  amounts  to  300,000.] 

Ig3       Jkhtt  k  ScHnfDLKR,  ffard,   Vorarlherg — 

Manufacturers. 
Furnitures.    Cloths. 
Ladiea*  dresaes  (aU  wool). 
Ladies*  and  children*s  scarfs. 

1P4      Klameu,  JoHANJf,  FiwMio — Manufacturer. 

I^jKlies*  muslin  dresses,  plain  and  embroidered ;  striped 
(t>tton,  and  musUn  handkerchiefs. 

IS.'*        Lang,  JoHunr,  Vienna — Manufacturer. 
{Specimens  of  fine  cambric  muslin. 

18*3    LEiT&yBlBQBB,  Eduabd,  Reichftadty  Bohemia — 

Manu&cturer. 
Plain  and  assorted  coloured  cotton  prints,  printed  by 
ci'hnder  and  hand. 
*  Jaconets,  oonbrics,  muslins  of  dilTerent  colours. 

187     LriTE5TilBOEB,  rBA>'Z,  Cosmanos^  Bohemia — 

Manufactiurr. 
Plain  and  rariously-coloured  cotton  prints,  printed  by 
erlintler,  hand,  or  perrotine. 

'  Coloured    jaconets,  cambrics,    muslins,    and    printed 
shirtings. 

lS*<       LlEBiscH,  JoHAXjr,  Jf'ai-nsdorf,  BoJiemia — 

Manufacturer. 
Quiltinj;  for  wai.'*tcoat8. 

!»»',»     (>??BEnGru'8  Succe:*?or,  Veteh,  Jfarkt  ZtcetJ^ 
IjO%rtr  Avsiria — Manufact urer. 
Samples  of  cotton  goo<ls,  various  colours,  glazed. 

!'.»•>         VoLKMANN,  lON.iZ,  Jlenna — Manufact luvr. 
I^ailitV  fum-v  (»otton  «lrv**Mn«. 
Sj-^n-iiuen  r-f  Ajor  curtain. 

Ivl  Kflli.k,  Jo>i.F,  Briinn,  Mora  via— Simmer. 

Twflvc  *pe<.*inim!»  of  woollen  yanip. 

l'.*2     I.EiDEVFUO>T,  KDrARi»,  Driinn^  Moravia — Spinner. 
Wci<.lifn  lanis  of  variou?*  colours. 


ll»."J        ScHMiKr.KK,   Anton,  Neuderk^    Boh/'mia — 
MaiiufiK-turcr  and  Spinner. 
Wi-r-t*-*!  nn<l  \v(M)llon  vams. 
W.-'Utn  fal»ric««,  including  thibctp,  muslin,  cloth,  Sic. 

1 :  4     S..mili:t,  H.  V.  Sl  K.,  Briinn^  Moravia — Spinners. 
W<»<.ll«'n  Tani«. 

• 

1   '.'.   T\Tr\Y.n,CtV^l!i\^  Ciorkau^  near  Comotau^  Bohemia 

— Spinner. 
Wi^llcn  vam*. 
Ajj^inia  vams,  spun  of  wool  and  cotton. 

r  ♦)     Thomas,  LfjM'OLD,  (JrasUiz^  5oA^ mm— Manufac- 
turer. 
Won<te<i  and  woollen  yam. 
\Vf^»lUn  •tuff*:    TliilK't,  ladies*  cloth,  lama,  half-wool 

'Tli<*  I'D^luction  of  wool  and  woollens  is  a  most  impor- 
♦.:.:  l.mn«li  of  industry,  and  its  export  trade  is  only 
ri-T-dlKl  by  that  of   fiilk  gowls.     Tlie  raw    material  of 


which,  besides  a  large  quantity  exported,  is  entirely  of 
home  growth.  Nearly  half  the  wool  of  Austria  is  Hun- 
garian ;  next  in  iraportAnce  are  Boliemia,  GaUcia,  Moravia, 
Silesia,  Transylvania,  Upi)er  and  Lower  Austria.  The 
woollen  yams  are  usually  spun  in  the  cloth  manufactories, 
and  several  spinning-mills  have  been  lately  established. 

The  shawls,  which  are  manufactured  almost  exclusively 
at  Vienna,  combine  durability  and  tastcfulness  with  cheap- 
ness, and  have  long  been  extensive  export  articles. 

Some  specimens  of  woollens  mixed  with  cotton,  silk,  and 
thread,  as  well  as  carpets  and  similar  articles,  are  exhibited.] 

196a    Dierzer's  Heirs,  Johann,  Theresienthal^  near 
Omundefty  Upper  Austria. 
Worsted  yam. 

197  TnuM,  Anton,  Reiclienherj^  Bohemia — 

Manufacturer. 

Worsted  and  woollen  yams. 

Woollen  goods,  including  Thibets,  Circassia,  Orleans, 
and  waistcoats. 

Printed  cashmere  and  Circassia  shawls. 

[Tlie  woollen  manufecture  is  most  extensively  diffused, 
and  the  raw  material  receives  its  greatest  increase  in 
value  in  Silesia,  where  230,000  cwt.,  in  Bohemia,  where 
150,000  cwt.,  and  in  Lower  Austria,  where  40,000  cwt. 
are  annually  worked  up.  With  less  enhancement  of 
value  wool  finds  a  considerable  consumption  in  Hungary, 
amounting,  together  with  that  of  the  Vayvode,  the 
Temeser  Banate,  Croatia,  and  Slavonia,  to  100,000  cwt.  ; 
also  in  Transylvania  which  takes  40,000  cwt.,  and  on  the 
Military  Frontier,  wliieh  absorbs  20,000  cwt.  In  the  other 
provinces  of  the  empire  the  manufacture  is  carried  on 
upon  a  smaller  scale,  their  consiunption  being  about  equal 
to  their  production  ;  but  Galicia  and  the  Bukowina  con- 
stitute an  exception  to  this  remark,  for  these  scarcely 
work  up  one-tenth  part  of  their  production  of  the  raw 
material ;  and,  with  rej^ard  to  its  enhancement  in  value, 
they  will  probably  ftand  hetwiH^n  the  fir^t-named  pro- 
vince and  Hungarv  (excei)tini?,  however,  Dalmatia,  which 
furnishes  only  the  commonest  articles).  Among  the  par- 
ticular towns,  lleichenberg,  Briinn,  Vienna,  I^lau,  and 
Biehtz  stand  in  the  fii-st  class  of  produi-ers  of  woollen 
poods.  Vienna  manufact  urt»s  scarcely  any  cloths,  whereas 
in  the  other  localities  both  cloths  and  other  woollen  goods 
arc  extensively  made. 

The  manufact uiv  of  worsted  yarns  is  not  adequate  to 
supply  the  requircnients  of  the  monarchy.  It  is  most 
considerable  m  Bohemia.  Altogether  about  10,(X)0  cwt. 
of  worsted  yam  are  wound  oif  30,(H>0  spindles  from  25,000 
cwt.  of  wool.  Tlic  imports  of  worsted  yam  are  almost 
exclusively  furnished  from  Saxony  and  hrouirht  into  Bo- 
hemia ;  on  an  averat^'c  of  the  same  quintpicnnial  period 
last  rcferrcd  to,  they  amounted  to  12,1MJ()  cwt 

Thus  therc  remained  for  woollen  yam  and  hand  spin- 
ning about  000,000  twl.  of  raw  material.  Of  this  quan- 
tity .Homethini;  nu^re  than  the  half,  or  about  350,(KX)  cwt. 
wercsjnni,  for  tlie  moA  part  in  ^loravia,  Sile-ia,  liohemia, 
and  Lower  Au>tria,  by  m:uhinerA  on  rjr>(),(H.K)  ^l)indle3 
hito  2r>0,rX)0  cwt.  ofyam;  the  remainder,  reprcsentin-^  a 
>alue  of  IS  millions  of  tb.rli:-,  i>  lian<l-spun.j 

ins     ViisLAU  WoT:-irn  Vaun  SriNMNci  C\>MrANV, 

Berlin  wool,  wor.-tcd  yarns,  and  arras  >arns. 

19«)    KvMNF.Jt,  (li.oiaJi:  T.,  ('ronshttft,  Transtilvanin   - 

\V<'aver. 
White  sheep's  ^^ool  and  blue  striped  vwZ'*' 
Black  and  white  clothh  (called  (Jujoratz  cloth). 


1018 


AUSTRIA. 


200  Maureb,  Vixzknz,  Iglau^  Bohemia — Manu&cturer. 
Horse-cloths,  rugs,  and  counterpane. 

201  Matschuko,  Nicolaus,  Cronstadt,  Trantylvania.  ' 
Long-haired  vrinter  rugs  of  yarious  colours. 

202  Taatleb,  Micuael,  Cronsiadt,  Tranaylvania — 

Manufacturer. 
Yarious  druggets  and  toilette  cover. 

203  W»CH0V8ZKT,  J.  B.,  Skalitx^  Hungary — 

Manufistcturer. 
Woollen  bolting-cloth. 

204  AusPiTZ,  L.,  Brunn,  Moravia — Manufiu!turer. 
Fine  cloths,  cassimere,  satins,  and  elastics. 


205      Baueb,  Theodor,  &  Co.,  Brunn,  Moravia — 

Manufacturers. 
Specimen  of  woollen  cloths. 

20G      BiEDERMANN,  M.  L.,  &  Co.,  Teltsch,  Moravia — 
Manufacturers.     (Agent,  S.  Renter,  Moorgate 
Street  Chambers,  London.) 
Fine  cloths,  cassimere,  and  doeskm. 

207  Binder,  Tbattoott,  Hermannstadt^  TVansylvania — 

Manufacturer. 
Specimens  of  blue  and  grey  doeskins. 

208  Forler,  Franz,  Qratz^  Stgria — Manufacturer. 
Broad-cloths  and  Styrian  bearers  (Azors)  of  various 

colours.  

209  Gacs  Cloth  Manufactory,  Goes,  Hungary, 
A  variety  of  cloths  and  doeskins. 

210  GiNZEL,  B.  C,  Eeichenbergy  Bohemia — 

Manufacturer. 
Specimens  of  cloth,  including  black  Peruvian  cloth. 

211  GOrtler,  Josef,  Brunn^  Moravia — Manufacturer. 
Woollen  trouserings. 

212  Hartig,  Josef,   Beichenb&rg,  Bohemia — 

Manu&cturer. 
Drab  Peruvian  cloths. 

213  BrOnn  Trade-Union,  Briinn,  Moravia. 
Woollens,  cloths,  summer  buckskins  and  trouserings. 

214  Cloth-Weavers*  Association,  Hermannsiadty 

Transylvania. 
An  assortment  of  cloths  and  flannels. 

215  HoNAUER,  Franz,  Linz^  Upper  Austria — 

Manufacturer. 
Woollens.     Velveteens.     Plush.     Camlets.     Harpins. 
Buntings. 

Turkish  and  WuUachian  belta. 

216  Illek,  Franz,  Brdnn,  Moravia — Manufacturer. 
Samples  of  doth  and  doeskin. 

217  MiESS,  George,  Cronstadtj  Transylvania — ^Weaver. 
White  cloth,  for  Hallina  cloaks. 

218  MoRO  Brothers,  Kl^xgen/Uriy  CaritUhia — 

Manufacturers. 
Cloth  of  the  finest  quaUty  for  uniforms. 

219  MOller,  a.  L.,  Eeichenhergt  Bohemia — 

Manufacturer. 
An  assortment  of  woollen  checks. 


220  Namikst  Cloth  Com? ant,  Namiest^  Moravia. 
Fine  cloths,  Peruvians,  doeskins,  and  cassimeres. 

221  Offermann,  Johann  Henrich,  BrUnn^  Moravia 

— Munufaet  urer. 
Fine  cloths  and  trouserings. 
Stuff's  for  summer  and  wmter  coats. 


222  Popper  Brothers,  BrUim^  Moravia — 

Manufacturers. 
Fine    cloths,    Peruvians,    doeskin,    and    zephenamt 
trouserings.  

223  Passelt,  Anton,  jun.,  JSeichenberg,  Bokemua^ 

Manufacturer. 
Samples  of  cloth,  doeskin,  and  cassimere. 


223a       Posselt,  Anton,  Beichenherg,  Bohemia — 

.Manufacturer. 
Blue-black  cloth. 


224  ScHMiEGER,  Johann,  BrOnn — ManafactuKr. 
Woollens  and  stuffs  for  winter  coats. 

225  Schmitt,  F.,  Aicha^  ^oAemia— ManufiMstunr. 
Woollen  cloths  of  different  kinds. 

226  Sch5ll,  August,  Brunn^  Moravia — ManufiM!iurer. 
Fine   cloths,  Brazilian,   elastic,    cassimeres,    doeskin, 

summer,  and  winter  stuffs. 

227  SCHOELLEB  BROTHERS,  Brumn^  Moravia — 

Manufacturers. 
Fine  clotlis,  Brazilians,  elastics,  Peruviana,  &  Amencanf . 
Winter  and  summer  trouserings. 

228  Seidel,  C.  k  C,  KraUau^  Bohemia — 

Manufacturers. 
Woollens,  cassimeres,  Orleans,  and  Alpacas. 

229  SiEGMUND,  NeuhAuseb  k  Co.,  Beichemberyt 

Bohemia — Manufacturers. 
Fine  cloths,  Brazihan,  beavers,  elastics,  and  Peraviaoi. 

230  SiEGMUND,  Wilhelm,  Reichenberg^  Bohemia — 

Manu&cturer. 
Fine  cloths,  beavers,  and  ladies'  cloths. 
Woollen  stuffs,  including  Orleans,  mohairs,  rips,  man- 
darins, and  Austrians. 
Woollen  shawls.    Shawls  composed  of  wool  and  silk. 

[Stuffs  for  which  worsted  yam  is  principally  employed 
are  made  in  greater  quantity  in  Bohemia,  Lower  Austiia, 
Moravia,  and  Silesia.  These  amoimt  annually  to  700,000 
pieces,  weighing  60,000  cwt.  The  quantity  of  wool  ab- 
sorbed in  their  production  is  70,000  cwt.  In  combination 
witli  these  goods  we  must  take  the  manufiEu;ture  of  shawb 
and  scarfs,  hosiery  and  Turkish  caps,  for  which,  in  ad- 
dition to  wool,  cotton,  hnen  yam,  and  silk  are  required. 
The  manufacture  of  shawls  and  scarfs  constitutes  an 
especial  branch  of  industry  in  Vienna,  and  embodies  a 
value  of  some  3i  milUon  florins.  The  manufiM^tiue  of 
hosiery  is  largely  carried  on  in  Bohemia  The  manuiartuie 
of  Fez  caps  also  amounts  to  a  large  yearly  sum. 

From  careful  calculations  it  results  that  this  great 
branch  of  national  industry  employs  170,000  persons,  ex- 
clusive of  those  employed  in  the  production  of  wooL  Of 
these  170,000  individuals  50,000  labour  in  the  manufitc- 
tories,  and  comprise — 

10,000  weavers, 

6,400  clothworkers  and  sliearers, 

6,000  spinners, 

2,200  stocking-weavers, 

1,200  rug  and  carpet  weavers, 
400  mUlers. 

The  remaining  23,800  consist  of  journeymen,  approntioei, 

and  labourers.       

231  Stepanbk,  Feanz,  Bruck-on-the-Murf  Siyria — 

Manufacturer. 
Cloths  and  Styrian  beavers. 

232  Steffens,  Peteb,  Goldenkron,  near  Budtrei*^ 

Bohemia — ^Manufacturer. 
Cloths,  cassimeres,  and  buckskins. 


AUSTRIA. 


1019 


233  Stkaeosch,  S.,  &  Sok,  BrUim^  Maramtt— 

Manuiacturen. 
LadiM*  woollen  doakings. 
TrouMrings.      

234  TsEXKUEB,  Akton,  &  Sons,  Beichenbery,  Bohemia 

— Manufacturers. 
Cloth  and  Pemvians. 


235  TscHdRiczB,  JoBXF,  jun.,  Beichenberg^  BohenUa — 

Manufacturer. 
Olio  doth. 

236  Ullrich,  Anton,  jun.,  Beichenher^f  Bohemia — 

Manufiicturer. 
Clotht  and  PeruTians. 


237  YONWILLBS  &  Co.,  Haelaeh  and  Senftenberg^ 

Bohemia — ManufiicturerB. 
CSoth,  Pemriana,  and  trouserings. 

238  ScHJOTT^s  (J.  M.)  HsiBS,  k  Co.,  Neugedein^ 

Bohemia — Manufacturers. 
Thibets,  Cashmeres,  camlets,  fustians,  &o. 
Cirraasian  and  plaid  shawls,  scarfs,  &c. 

239  BoMI,  JoBXPH,  St.  Veity  near  Vienna — 

Manufacturer. 
GMhmere  and  printed  shawls,  scarfs,  and  dresses. 

240  Bracht,  F.  W.,  Vienna — Manufiicturer. 

An  assortment  of  woollen  and  half-woollen  prints  for 
ladies*  dremee.    Balzarine  dresses. 

Woollen  and  bar^  shawls,  handkerchiefs,  and  scarfs. 

241  LiXBio,  Franz,  Beiehenberg,  Bohemia — 

Manufacturer. 
Printed  Thibet   and   Circassian  handkerchief,  nock- 
doChs,  and  scarfs.    Table-coTers. 


242  WnrrxB,  Joseph,  Vienna;   Tuppadl,  Bohemia; 

and  Trebiieeh^  Moravia — Manufetcturer. 
Ladiea'  printed  dresses ;  half- woollen  stuffs. 

243  Haas,  Philipp,  &  Sons,  near  Vienna — 

Manufacturers. 
Utrecht  relrct  carpets.     Table-covers. 

244  Dkrzeb's  (Johann)  Heibs,  Kleinmunchen, 

near  lAnz — Manufacturers. 
Carpeta  of  different  sizes  and  colours. 

244a  Pbochaska,  W.,  Pra^«— Tailor. 

Two  patchwork  table-covers. 

245  Salzer,  Carl,  Jlenna — Dyer. 
Samples  of  djed  silk  of  various  colours. 

[The  raw  material  of  this  important  branch  of  Austrian 
induittry  is  chiefly  produced  in  the  Lombardo- Venetian 
provinces  and  the  Tyrol.  In  Hungary,  and  the  Military 
Frontiers,  ali»o,  the  Hilkwonn-breeding,  for  years  fostered 
by  Oovemment,  has  met  with  great  success,  and  the  silk 
pfoduoe<l,  whicli  is  of  a  good  quahty,  is  largely  exported. 

The  manufacture  of  silk  gootls  is  chiefly  carried  on  in 
Vimna,  Milan,  and  Conio,  and  there  are  also  various 
manufactories  in  the  smaller  towns  of  Lower  Austria  and 
thf  Tyrol.  With  the  exception  of  a  few  very  fine  articles, 
thin'  «upj»ly  the  home-market  entirely,  and  export  large 
qtuintities,  especially  of  the  lighter  descriptions  of  goods.] 


24<^»        Memat,  Axto.x,  Vienna — Manufactiutjr. 
A  lanre  assorimcnt  of  silk  ribbons. 


247        MoERiNO,  Carl,  Vienna — Manufacturer. 
Figtirrd  gros  de  Naples  ribbons  and  satin  ribbons. 


248    Ppeninobrrger,  Josef,  Vienna — Manufacturer. 
Silk  ribbons  of  various  kinds. 


249 


Baokhattsen,  Carl  &  Johann,   Vienna — 
Manu£Eu;turers. 
Half-silks  for  ladies*  dresses. 


250     Badbr  Brothers,  Vienna — Manu&cturers. 
Silks,  ladies'  scarfs,  dresses,  and  handkerchief. 


261    Blaha  &  BosENBEROSR,  Ft^mto— Manufacturers. 
Figured  satin,  white  silk  waiscoating,  and  velvet. 

252  BuJATTi,  Franz,  Vienna — Manufacturer. 
Silk  furnitures  and  damasks.  Carriage  linings. 
Silk  brocades  for  ecclesiastical  vestments. 

Silk  hangings,  counterpanes,  handkerchief,  satin,  &c. 

253  DoRFLEUTHNER,  LEOPOLD,   Vienna — 

Manu&cturer. 
Half-silks  and  silks,  ladies'  dresses,  satin,  velvet,  &c. 

254  Flemmich,  Anton,  Vienna — ^Manufacturer. 
Figured  silk  for  dresses. 

255  Fries,  Anton,  &  Zeppezatter,  Vienna — 

Manufacturer. 
Silk  for  dresses.    Ecclesiastical  brocades.    Silk  tapeetr>-. 
Damasks.     Satins.     Ladies*  scarfs. 


256  Ganser,  J.,  Vienna — ManufsK^urer. 
Transparent  silk  gauze. 

257  GiANi,  Joseph,  Vienna — Manufacturer. 

Silks  and  half-silks.    Ecclesiastical  brocades  and  da- 
masks. 

258  Gritrer,  M.,  &  Enzinoer  Brothers,  Vienna 

— Manu&cturers. 
Silks.    Satins.     Ghros  de  Naples.     Shawls. 

259  Haas,  Philipp,  &  Sons,  Tlenna — Manufacturers. 

Silks  and  half-silks,  dama^iks,  furnitures,  velvets,  and 
lampasses. 

200  Hell,  Georo,  Vienna — Manufacturer. 

Silk  furnitures,  in  brocatello.     Lampasses.     Satin.    Da- 
masks.    Velvet. 

261     Herzio,  Jon.,  &  Son,  Jlenna — Manufacturers. 
Figured  silk  for  dresses,  damasks,  &c. 


262 


HoRNBOSTEL,  C.  G.,  &  Co.,  Vienna — 
Manufacturers. 


Silks. 


Silk  velvet  bayadere  handkerchiefs ;  ladies*  dresses ; 
barege  shawls. 

Printed  foulards.  Tlie  stuff  made  on  self-acting  water- 
looms,  and  printed  by  Gustav  Konig  in  Vienna. 


263         Krtckl,  Ernst,  Vienna — Manufacturer. 

Ecclesiastical  vestments. 

Infida  of  real  clotli  of  silver,  embroidered  with  gold. 
Caf«ula  of  silk  velvet,  embroidered  witli  gold  and  8ilver. 
Vestment  of  cloth  of  silver,  einbroidered  witli  gold. 


264     KoSTNER,  Albert,  J Trnwa— Manufacturer. 

Kcclesiast  ical  brocades,  embroidered  in  gold  and  silver, 
on  silk  and  chenille.     Ecclesiastical  vestments. 


265     Lemann,  Jos.,  &  Son,  Vienna — Manufacturern. 

Tapestry.     Pall,  ornamented  with  real  gold.     Veils. 

Ecclesiastical  broca<les. 

Ecclesiastical  vestments,  embroidered  with  gold,  silver, 
and  imitation  metal,  on  silk  and  chenille. 


[Official  iLLrsTRATEo  CATALOorE.] 


4  E 


1020 


AUSTRIA. 


266  Maybb  Bbothbbs,  FienMa — Manufacturere. 
Silk,  yelvot,  and  other  wai8t<K)atrnp. 

Satin  Bcarfis  neckcloths,  and  handkerchiefa. 

267  Mesteozi,  Paul,  F»«Mki— Manufacturer. 
Ladies*  silk  handkerchiefs. 

Satin  and  yelyet  waistcoatings. 

268  Rbicheet,  Fbaite,  Fic«k»— Manufacturer. 
SOks.     Gros  de  Naples ;  gros  grain ;  gros  d' Afirique ; 

Levautin  and  satin  Turque. 

269  ScHiPPBB,  Cabl,  Ff«Mw— Manufacturer. 
Silk  plush  for  hats. 

270  ScHOPPEB,  M.  A,  r»«M«i— Manufecturer. 

An  extensiTe  selection  of  silk  for  furniture,  in  broca- 
telles,  lampas,  satins,  and  damasks. 
Carriage  linings. 

271  SiEBEBT,  Fbiedrioh,  Vienna — Manufacturer  and 

Patentee. 
Chenille  handkerohiefis  and  bayaderes. 

272  SiQMiTND,  laxAZ,  Vienna — Manufacturer. 
Silk  lawn ;  transparent  gauze ;  and  bayaderes. 

273  Spanbapt,  F.  X.,  r*«iiM»— Manufiacturer. 
Plain  and  brocaded  silk  handkerchiefs. 
Ladies'  scarfs  and  shawls. 


274  WoJTECH,  Franz,  rteiwM*— Manufacturer. 
Fancy  silk  goods,  waistcoatings,  satin  scarfs,  &c 

275  HiELLBN,  EuAS  (Sons  of  the  late),  Schoniindet 

Bohemia — Manu£Eu^urers. 
Sewing,  crochet,  and  knitting  thread. 
Linen. 

[Although  the  ancient  and,  in  former  times,  flourishing 
linen  trade  of  Austria  has  suffered  greatly  by  the  intro- 
duction and  progress  of  the  cotton  manu&cture,  and 
spinning  by  machinery,  it  still  occupies  an  important 
position ;  and  the  linen  of  the  mountain  districts  of  Bohe- 
mia, Moravia,  Silesia,  and  Salzburg  is  of  undeniable  excel- 
lence. The  Government  is  also  constantly  exerting  its 
influence  for  the  improvement  of  the  growing  and  pre- 
paration of  flax. 

Among  the  hemp  manu&ctures,  of  which  specimens 
have  been  sent,  some  are  distinguished  by  their  novelty, 
as,  for  example,  variegated  coloured  hemp  thread  for 
ladies*  fancy  work,  frequently  prefrrred  to  silk. 

The  linen  yams  of  Austria  are  mostly  hand-spun: 
niachine-npinniug  is,  however,  on  the  increase.  Samples 
are  exhibited  both  of  hand  and  machine  spun  yams.] 

^  ■  ■ 

276  Tauber,  Febd.,  Unter-Meidling^  near  Vienna — 

Manu&cturer. 
Tow-thread,  coloured,  of  various  kinds. 


Saddle-girths,  halters,  bridles,  &c 

Bell-ropes  of  New  Zealand  hemp  {Phormium  Umax). 

279  Pabsch  Bbothbbs,  QroMpet^  Bohemia — 

Manufacturers. 
Water-hose  of  Bohemian  hemp,  for  ifae-enginea. 

280  Wbikbeboeb,  Gottlieb,  lAnx — ManufiictiiRr. 
Hemp  manufiictures,  covered  with  lasting  wools ;  saddls- 

girths ;  lines  ;  twisted  cords ;  twines ;  Ttiious  oordifci 
from  hemp  \  twine  from  Gherman  hemp. 

281  Butbchek  k  Gbapp,  BfHkm^  Moravia — 

Manufacturers. 
Sail-cloth  of  different  kinds,  spun  and  woire  in  the  mds 
manuflBUJtory.         

282  Chiaohich,  Michelb,  Fimme — Mannfartuwr. 
Sail-cloth  of  different  kinds. 


277  BoPE-iiAKEBs'  Absociation,  Hermanmstadty 

Transylvania. 
Manufiictures  of  hemp  and  flax,  including  girths,  cord- 
age, &c. 

277a    HBBifANXSTADT  Tbade  Union  (Bindbb,  T., 
Director),  Hermannstadf,  Traneylvania, 
Cotton  and  linen  clotli,  wabtcoat  quilting,  flax  thread 
trousering,  bleached  and  unbleached  linen. 

278  Jaosb,  Fbanz  Joeakv,  Prague^  Bohemia — 

Manufacturer. 
Cordage. 
Carpet  of  Italian  hemp,  and  one  of  New  Zealand  hemp. 


283    The  Benevolent  Societt's  EsTABLiSHMBirr, 

Milan. 
Three  table-doths  and  a  piece  of  Lombardj  linen. 


284    Febie,  Wenzel,  Merklow,  near  Starkenbaeh^ 

Bohemia, 

Hand-spun  linen  yam. 

Fine  cambric  of  linen  thread,  spun  by  inhabitaitt  of 
the  Biesengebirge,  Bohemia. 

Ladies'  Unen  pocket-handkerchie&. 

[The  oldest  of  all  the  branches  of  Austrian  tndnitiy  ii 
the  linen  manufacture.    It  is,  moreover,  the  most  im- 
portant of  them,  and  continues  to  be  so,  intrinaioally,  on 
account  of  the  extraordinary  large  number  of  pencos 
whom  it  employs,  part  of  them  throughout  the  whole 
year,  part  of  them  for  a  shorter  time ;  but  it  has  soffiBred 
severely  by  the  rapid  development  of  the  cotton  manib 
fiicture,  which,  availing  itself  of  the  working  powers  that 
had  been  already  organized  by  the  linen  mannfactmne,  em- 
ployed them  fSftr  more  profitably.    The  linen  manofiMtve 
suffers,  however,  still  more  sensibly  from  the  eircumstanoe 
that  the  necessary  degree  of  care  is  not  devoted  to  tha 
important  object  of  getting  rid  of  defects  of  prepantion 
and  management  which  are  imiversaUy  acknowledged  to 
exist  under  the  present  system.    These  defects  extend 
even  to  the  production  of  the  raw  material ;  for  the  ciil> 
tivation  of  flax  and  hemp  is  carried  on  in  Austria  as  if  it 
were  but  a  subsidiary  or  secondaiy  object,  it  being  deemed 
not  sufficiently  remunerative.    A  raw  material,  however, 
of  excellent  quality  is  produced.    The  flax,  especially  that 
.grown  in  Bohemia,  Moravia,  and  Silesia,  b  equal  to  tli0 
best  produced  in  any  other  part  of  Europe ;  but,  from  tli0 
careless  steeping  it  receives,  it  loses  enormously  in  valne : 
large  portions  of  it  are  partially  spoiled,  and  the  waste  of 
the  general  production  is  unnecessarily  increased.      As 
yet,  moreover,  machine-spinning  has  not  attained  any 
very  considerable  degree  of  development,  and  the  hand- 
spinning,  wliich  affords  but  a  scanty  and    precariooa 
living,  supplies  in  general  but  an  imperfect  and  imgokr 
article.] 

285       Habbach,  Count,  Janoeiiz^  Moravia,  and 
Starkenback,  Bohemia — Manufacturer. 
Linen  damask  furniture. 
Damask  table-clotlis  and  napkins. 
Linen  towels. 
Linen  handkerchiefs.    Linen  web. 


286    Uaupt,  Leopold,  BrAnn,  Moravia — ManufiMstoner. 
Specimens  of  common  and  damask  linen  ;  mixed  fabrics ; 
striped  and  coloured  cloths  ;    various  ticks ;   and  un- 
blcfllehed  white  yam  linen. 


AUSTRIA. 


1021 


287  ILltkix,  Joh.,  Hadaek^  Upper  Amiria— 

Mmnfitrturer. 
LiiMn  UU(»K^hi,  towels,  and  n^kins. 

288  PKLDBuys  (Fkaxz)  Hsibs,  Hohendbe,  Bohemia 

— Mftnufacturere. 
Linen  yanifi,  band^un. 

Linen  of  diffsrent  kinds,  gnss-bleaohed.    Linen  web. 
Poeket-handkerchieis. 

[A  portion,  more  or  less  considerable,  of  tbe  time  of 
tbree  millions  and  a  balf  of  individuals  is  employed  in 
spinning,  so  tbat  on  an  arerage  it  is  found  that  each  of 
these  persons  spins  29  lbs.  of  yam,  a  product  for  which 
75  dajs*  labour  is  requisite.  If  the  number  of  working 
days  in  the  year  be  taken  at  270,  it  will  follow  that  more 
than  two  millions  of  persons  find  employment  in  this 
oonipation  throoghout  the  year.  The  arerage  daily 
earnings,  bowerer,  of  each  person  thus  occupied  do  not 
eioeed  2|  kreiuers,  eren  if  the  whole  increase  of  value  be 


Tbe  above-mentioned  quantities  of  yam  do  not  meet 
tba  whole  demand  for  the  manufacture  of  woven  goods, 
thread,  knitted  articles,  and  hosiery;  and  the  imports, 
both  of  line  yam  and  of  tow  yam,  exceed  the  exports. 
Tbe  half  elaborated  raw  material,  which  is  subjected  to 
nhimatf  processes  of  manufacture,  amounts  to  1,1&3,000 
evt,  wbemf  636^500  cwt.  are  tow  yam.] 

289  PvTKUC,  JosBV,  Branna,  Bohemia — Manufacturer. 

Prepared  flax. 

linen  yam,  raw  and  prepared. 
pocket  handkerchiefis. 


290  SnOL,  JoHAinf,  k  Co.,  8eh6nherg^  Moravia — 

Ifanufarturers  and  Bleachers. 
Bleadied  dowlas  and  web,  of  all  widths  and  lengths,  of 
the  best  hand-spun  and  machine  yam. 

291  SofOVBTTA,  PxTEit,  Helfenberg,  near  lAnx^ 

Manu£M;turer. 
Web  linen  table-cloths. 
Dowlas,  all  linen  and  half  linen. 
Damask*.     Waistcoatings. 
Ualf-wooUen  stuff«,  lanuM,  wool  and  cotton. 
Bo>ngh,  fine,  and  mixed  drills. 

[The  manafa?ture  of  linens  is  carried  on  in  Bohemia, 
Moravia,  Silesia,  and  Galicia  on  the  largest  scale.  Of  the 
entire  prodartions  about  five-twelfth»  are  brouglit  into  the 
■Mrkrt,  and  of  this  quantity  the  bulk  must  be  of  domestic 
mana£Kture,  since  few  great  linen  manufactories  exist  in 
Austria.  Among  the  linen  fabrics,  table-cloths  and  nap- 
knu,  vriU,  cambrics,  dimities,  twills,  and  drills  are  im- 
portant artielrti.  In  the  next  rank  we  must  place  the 
maoafMiure  of  thn*ad,  espeoially  in  Bohemia,  Moravia, 
and  Lombardy.  The  tape  manufacture  is  of  lef«8  con8<>- 
qnence ;  and  as  to  the  businesH  of  dyeing  and  printing, 
that  has  been  alraont  entirely  absorbed  by  the  cotton 
mannfarturr,  and  is  now  in  requisition  for  thread  and 
hamikervhir^s  onlv. 

As  tbe  loss  resulting  from  the  processes  of  weaving, 
biearhing,  &c.,  is  estimated  at  about  10  per  cent.,  the  net 
a^fiv^tate  of  our  manu&ctures  of  linen,  thread,  &c.,  may 
he  assumed  at,  say,  1,037,000  ci»-t.,  of  which  quantity 
about  150,000  cwt.  come  into  the  market,  the  rest  being 
abMsrbed  by  domestic  conf»umption.  Since,  upon  an  aver- 
aie  of  the  five  years,  18-13  to  1847,  there  appear  to  liave 
been  imported  frr)m  abroad  only  2-42  cwt.,  whereas  tlie 
average  of  eiports  for  the  same  period  shows  42,609  cwt., 
it  follows  that  there  remained  for  home  consumption 
ahnut  one  million  cwt.   Thiui,  on  s  population  of  38,000,000 


of  persons,  about  2}  lbs.  would  fall  to  the  share  of  each; 
but  this  estimate  fidls  much  below  the  truth,  when  we 
consider  that  the  national  costume  in  Hungaiy  and 
Giilicia  requires  more  than  double  the  quantity  we  havo 
allowed  abova  In*  fact,  the  crop  of  flax  is  estimated  to  be 
10  per  cent,  higher  than  is  given  in  the  official  reports ; 
but  the  consumption  of  even  3  lbs.  per  head,  which  would 
thus  result,  is  yet  smaller  than  in  reality  it  must  be. 
In  the  imperial  army  the  quantity  used  up  annually  by 
each  man  averages  more  than  7  lbs. 

In  the  above  statistics  of  the  manufacture  of  linen 
goods  no  allowance  has  been  made  for  the  extensive  piK>- 
duction  of  rope-work  and  the  like.] 

292       YONWILLEB  &  Ca,  Haslach  amd  Senflenbety, 
Upper  Austria — Manufacturers. 
Mixed  cotton  and  linen,  drills,  and  rips.     Linen  ging- 
ham and  handkerchiefs. 


293  WiTSCHL  &  Beinisch,  Wamtdorfy  Bohemia-- 

Manu&cturers. 
Figured  linen  trouserings.     Nankeens. 
"Wnite  waistcoatings,  of  various  patterns. 
Gambroon  linings.     Crapes,  drills,  Ac. 

294  Blaschka  &  Co.,  lAehenau^  Bohemia— 

ManufiEK^turers. 
Woollens,     Orleans,  various  colours,  figured  and  plain. 
Silk  and  plain  rips,  coloured. 
Lastings.    Thibet  handkerchiefs. 
Printed  shawls.     Circassian  shawls. 


295  Bbttdee's  Widow,  Rudolph,  Henna— 

Manufacturer. 
Ladies*  figured  dresses. 
Long  shawls ;  woollen  bayaderes. 
Casbinerc  waistcoatings ;  gentlemen's  scarfs. 

296  FObst,  Josep,  Fif^taa— Manufacturer. 
Fancy  stuffs,  including  ladies'  half  silk  dresses. 
Fine,  middling,  and  figured  cotton  drosses. 
Figured  half  woollen  cloaks. 

Scurfs,  half  and  entirely  of  wool,  for  ladies  and  gentle- 
men. 

Printed  cotton  handkercliiefs. 


297     Kroitzsch,  M.,  Aussig  on  the  Elbe,  Bohemia — 

Manufacturer. 
Cloth  of  wool  and  cotton,  alpacas,  poQs  do  ch^vre,  &c. 

[The  manufacture  of  mixed  stuffs  seems  to  require 
special  mention,  because  the  materials  employed  usually 
experience  a  higher  ratio  of  increased  value  in  the  process 
than  they  do  when  incorporated  into  articles  manufjicturcd 
from  one  raw  material  only.  This  manufacture  of  mixed 
stuffs  is  most  important  in  Bohemia,  Lower  Austria, 
Moravia,  Sdesia,  Lombardy,  Galicia,  and  Upper  Austria. 
Bohemia  finds  employment,  in  the  manufacture  of  her 
fabrics  of  cotton  and  linen  yam,  for  nearly  2,000  looms  ; 
in  those  of  cotton  and  woollen  yam,  for  nearly  8,000 
looms ;  of  linen  and  woollen  yams,  for  about  300  looms  ; 
of  linen,  cotton,  and  woollen  yams,  for  200 ;  of  different 
yams,  combined  witli  silk,  for  200  looms.  In  Lower 
Austria  tlio  stuffs  which  are  composed  of  cotton  and  wool- 
len yams  and  those  wliich  arc  mixed  with  silk  stand  first 
on  the  scale  of  relative  im|>ortance.  In  Moravia  and 
Silesia  the  stuffs  of  cotton  and  linen  yam,  those  of  mix(Kl 
cotton,  linen,  and  woollen  yam,  and  those  of  cotton, 
linen,  and  woollen  yams  and  silk  combined,  an^  of  the 
most  consequence.  In  Ix)m hardy  the  mixture  of  silk  is 
the  character  of  the  predominant  manufacture.     Galicia 

confines  herself  to  the  manufacture  of  half  linens,  made  of 

4  E  2 


1022 


AUSTRIA. 


cotton  and  flax  or  hempen  yam.  In  Austria  likewise  tliese 
half  linens  (composed  of  cotton  and  flax  yam),  and 
trouserings,  made  of  cotton  and  woollen  yams,  are  of 
much  importance.  The  mixture  of  cotton  yam  and  silk 
(for  waistcoatings  and  furniture)  may  rank  next  to  them.] 


298  LiEBiG,  JoHANN,  Meichenberff,  Bohemia — 

Muiufacturer. 
An  assortment  of  plain  and  figured  printed  woollen 
stuflV,  comprising  Orleans,  Tliibet,  lasting,  mandarin,  &jc. 
Winter  shawls,  printed  Thibets,  &c. 

299  Neubekt,  C.  O.,  Oeorgswalde^  Bohemia — 

Manufacturer. 
Balzarine,  ehallis,  pci^galin,  mushn,  and  mixed  fabrics, 
prepared  for  printing. 


300  Rameder,  Ionaz,  Vienna — Manufacturer. 
Woollen  shawls ;  petticoats ;  counterpanes. 

301  WOLFBUM,  C,  AusHg  on  the  Elhe^  Bohemia — 

Manufacturer. 
Cotton  and  woollen  stuffs,  including  victorincs,  poilc  de 
ch^vre,  imperials,  alhambras,  fil  de  ch^rre,  &c. 

302  WOEST,  JoiiANX  N.,  Freudenihal,  Silesia — 

Manufacturer. 
Table-covers,  in  yarious  colours  and  styles  of  workman- 
ship.   

303  BiENEET,  Floeian,  llenna — Alanufacturer. 
A  variety  of  waistcoatings. 

304  EoniN'OEB  BROxnEBS,  llenna — Manufacturers. 
Waistcoatings  and  woollen  strarfs  for  gentlemen. 

305  Khal,  Anton,  Tlenna — Manufacturer. 
Waistcoatings  of  various  kinds. 

300    RocKSTEOH,  Heinrigh,  Vienna — Manufacturer. 
Waistcoatings  of  wool,  and  wool  and  silk. 

307  FiAL,  Johann,  Vienna — Manufacturer. 

Waistcoatings  of  wool,  and  of  half  silk. 


308  Westhausser,  Josef,  Tlenna — Manufacturer. 
Waistcoatings  of  pique  and  wool. 

309  Bbrger,  Josef,  Vienna — Manufacturer. 
Ramage,  long,  and  a  variety  of  other  shawls. 

310  Brotzman,  Adam,  Vienna — Manufacturer. 
Tapis  and  ramage  shawls  of  various  colours. 
Long  shawls. 

311  IIatdter,  Sebastian,  Tlenna — Manu&cturer. 
Ramage  and  long  shawls  of  various  colours. 

312  KrB0*8  Son,  JoHANN,  Tlenna — Manufacturer. 
Tapis  and  ramage  sliawls. 

Long  and  Thibet  shawls.    Table-covers,  &c. 

313  Mabtinek,  Johann,  Tlenna — Manufacturer. 
Tapis  and  ramage  shawls. 

Long  shawls. 

314  MoGEL,  NiEOLAUS,  Tlenna — Manufacturer. 
An  assortment  of  shawls. 


315  Reinhold,  WiLHSLac,  Vienna — Manufacturer. 
Tapis  and  ramage  shawls. 

Long  and  Cashmere  shawls. 

316  Riss,  Josef,  Tlenna — Manufacturer. 
Ramage  and  long  shawls. 


318  ScniNDL,  Andreas,  Vienna — ManufiMturer. 
Shawl-handkerchiefs  and  long  shawls. 

319  Wenzel,  Karl,  Tlenna — Manufacturer. 
Fancy  woollen  and  cotton  shawls. 

Shawls  for  mourning. 

320  Zeibel,  J.,  &  BlCmel,  J.  &  C,  Vienna— 

Manufacturers. 
Large  assortment  of  sluiwls,  shawl-handkerchief*,  lof 
shawls  and  scarfs. 


321 


Mebsnsr,  Friedrich,  Beutte^  l^rol — 
Manu&cturer. 
Brown  calf-skin. 
Brown  and  black  cow-hide,  for  waterproof  boots. 


322       Pollae,  J.  J.,  &  Sons,  Prague,  BokemtM— 
Patentees  and  Manu&oturrav. 
Brown,  black,  pressed,  and  grained  calf-akin. 
Black  japanned  calf  and  sheep-skin. 
Black  japanned  grained  sheep-skin. 
Chamois  dressed  sheep-skin. 

[The  production  of  leather  is  an  object  of  indifpennUB 
importance,  and  occupies  a  veiy  prominent  place  amoig 
the  branches  of  Austrian  industry.  It  is  an  inoontivfv 
tible  fact  tliat  the  manufacture  of  leather,  like  the  otkr 
great  divisions  through  which  the  industzy  of  Analm  ii 
distributed,  has  lately  struck  into  a  path  of  progrest  ad 
improvement — especially  as  regards  the  tawing  and  dit 
production  of  japanned  and  chamois  leather,  which  m 
cheap  and  excellent.  Bark  tanning,  on  the  cantnrj,  bii 
hitherto  succeeded  to  a  very  small  extent  only  in 
itself  from  the  disadvantages  of  the  old  system  of 
dure,  and  in  its  attempts  to  furnish  an  artide  which  < 
compete  at  all  with  the  Rhenish,  Belgian,  F^ccndi,  tiidi 
English  descriptions  of  sole  and  upper  leather. 

With  respect  to  the  raw  material — ^the  hides  and  iUm 
— the  domestic  cattle  reared  in  the  interior  of  the  mih 
narchy,  together  with  the  considerable  quantities  thai 
furnished  from  abroad — espociaUy  from  across  the 
frontiers  and  from  Switzerland — are  not  by  ubj 
adequate  to  meet  the  annual  requirementa  of  Anstim  fcr 
her  home  manufiicture. 

The  imports  of  raw  and  half-prepared  hidea  and  ikiBi 
constitute  an  important  part  of  the  trade  oanied  on  hf 
Austria.  In  the  following  statement  of  this  tnde^  ttis 
division  of  the  different  descriptions  of  skins  is  tdbn 
according  to  the  customs'  tariff.  The  laiger  hides  an  on- 
ployed,  generally  speaking,  for  the  manufiictiure  of  sole 
leather.  Tlie  smaller  skins,  which  are  mentioned  in  the 
second  class,  serve,  with  the  exception  of  the  oalf-skins 
(which  are  for  the  most  part  bark-tanned),  as  the  nm 
material  for  '*  tawing "  and  chamois  tanning.  Ibe  last 
skins  mentioned,  not  under  any  particular  name^ 
those  which,  partly  in  their  rough  state,  partly  ai 
have  a  special  but  limited  application. 

With  respect  to  the  localities  from  whence  the  isv 
material  is  derived  for  the  Austrian  leather  manufiietimn^ 
two-thirds  of  the  larger  hides,  afterwards  worked  op,  cans 
from  Russia,  from  the  Danubian  Principalities,  and  £ram 
Turkey.  The  remaining  third  of  this  aggregate  is  ini* 
ported  by  sea,  as  Buenos  Ayree  hides,  which  last  an  prin* 
cipally  manu&ctured  in  Lombardy  and  Yenioe  into  coed* 
lent  sole-leather,  £u*  exceeding  in  quality  the  prodnolioni 
of  the  other  Austrian  provinces.  Two-thirds  of  the  amalkr 
skins  come  from  Turkey,  and  among  these  most  be  indndsd 
those  sheep-skins  which  aie.  obtained  from  the  ilocka  tliai 
are  pastured  in  Transylyania,  but  whudi  winter  in  Bid- 


AUSTRIA. 


1023 


The  rrniumfidPT  come  principally  from.  Albania  and 
Oreece  by  wa j  of  Trieste. 

The  annual  quantity  of  raw  material  for  the  leather 
mannfiiftni^  including  that  imported,  amounts  to  about 
9&2,000cwt. 

In  the  manufacture  of  leather  of  all  kinds,  198  masters, 
with  5,000  labourers,  and  nearly  4,000  leather-dressers 
and  curriers,  are  employed — but  this  number  docs  not 
include  those  engaged  in  the  same  occupations  in  Hun- 

Viama  alone,  in  its  immediate  neighbourhood,  reckons 
eight  of  the  laigest  leather  establishments,  and  95  tan- 
yards,  in  which  the  processes  of  tanning  are  carried  out  on 
aTeiy  large  scale. 

With  respect  to  the  extent  of  this  trade,  the  establish- 
menla  at  Prague  in  Bohemia,  at  Brunn  in  Morayia, 
Wilhdmsbuig  and  Krems  in  Lower  Austria,  at  Rcutter 
in  the  lyrol,  at  Milan,  and  at  Venice,  take  the  greatest 
share  in  this  productire  branch  of  Austrian  industry.  In 
HmigBiy,  the  largest  seats  of  the  leather  manufacture  arc 
aft  PMh-Ofini  and  Preeburg.  Tanning  is  Tery  actiydy 
carried  on  in  Transylrania  at  Hermannstadt,  and  among 
the  Saeklers,  who  especially  lay  themselres  out  for  the 
pnparaftion  of  morocco  leather,  and  pursue  that  branch 
with  great  soooese.  The  production  of  leather  of  all 
dneriptioDS  in  Austria  is  calculated  to  amount  annually 
to  546,000  cwt.  Although  the  demand  for  alum  and 
rhamois.  tanned  and  japanned,  or  enamelled  leather,  is 
pifatly  oorered  by  the  home  manufiicture,  so  tliat 
the  exports  and  the  imports  pretty  nearly  balance  one 
r,  this  is  not  the  case  with  Russia  leather  and 
prepared  with  wood  dyes.] 


324  Sktkora,  Joseph,  Adler  Koxtelec,  Bohemia — 

Manufacturer. 
Cow-leather,  tanned  with  pine  bark. 

325  Sriaa,  A  H.,  Jlenna — Manufacturer. 
Brown  calf-skin,  japanned  calf-skin,  calf  and  sheep  skin, 

and  kki  lii&thcr  in  Tarious  euloiirs  for  fancy  articles. 
Sheep-s>kin  for  furuitun>  I'overing. 

3l!0  WoLLPF,  Fbiedbicii,  Ilfnnannstadty  TranstfJvania 

— Currior. 
JanannM  goat  and  shtvp  9kins  of  various  colours. 
Calf-»kiii#. 
ColourMl  goat-skins. 

1527        Chkisti-,  Joseph,  Jltniui — Manufacturer. 

Gonlknnen's   btx>t!*   and    hhoes,    wateri>nx)f    Hh<K)tin^- 
N>i>t«.     B«)«»t0  i*ith  c<^rk  and  wcKxl-pegf^eJ  soles',  aiul  with 

[;2rt  Fr.\NK,  J.,  Jlenna—Vi\icntiX\ 

Patent  boots  8ole<l  with  a  newlv-inveiited  material. 


320         Laxger,  Joseph,  lltnna — Manufacturer. 
Omtlcmnr!*  boots  and  pIioc;*. 


'S^V)       ShoEMAEEIU*  A«sociATloy,  Hermannatmlt^ 

Tranjtffirama. 
Slioes  and   booU  (railed  T>ehif»znieii)  belonfjiug  to  the 
Saxon  and  Rotnanian  national  co*itunie. 

331  IIema,  JoriANX,  Henna — Manufa<'tun^r. 
Ladies*  slices,  b<K»t*,  and  Hlijii>cri«. 

332  Friedl,  Leopold,  Henna — ^fanulacturcr. 

L«flie»*  shoos,  over-shoes,  and  half-boots  with  jH'j^ed 
solra. 

[iH  the  modes  of  mantifm'turing  leather,  tliot<o  which 
nafcard  the  coverim?  of  the  human  fevt  are  maintained  in 


the  greatest  extent,  and  employ  more  than  60,000  shoe- 
makers, with  a  number  of  assistants  almost  as  large. 
But  the  manufiicture  of  such  articles  ranks  among  the 
smaller  trades  only,  and  is  confined  as  it  were  to  home 
uses,  with  the  exception  of  ladies*  shoes  manufactured  in 
Vienna,  which  arc  known  to  be  excellent,  and,  on  accoimt 
of  the  elegance  of  their  make  and  their  moderate  price, 
find  an  extensive  sale  abroad.  Besides  these,  a  consider- 
able export  of  shoes  takes  place  from  Trieste,  which  are 
designed  for  various  markets  in  the  Levant.  Li  the 
southern  provinces  of  Hungary  a  very  large  quantity  of 
shoes  and  slippers  is  made  for  sale  in  Turkey,  and  in  the 
military  provinces  numy  laced  boots  are  annually  manu- 
factured.] 

333       KuNEBTH,  Anton,  Hewna— Manufacturer. 
Ladies*  shoes.     Velvet  sUppers  with  gold  embroidery. 
Gentlemen's  shoes.     Over-shoes. 


334  BoiTLGONE,  P.,  Prague^  Bohemia — ManufS&ctiuer. 
Kid  and  lamb  skins  for  glovers. 

335  Jaquemab,  Fbanz,  Jlenna — Manufacturer. 
Gloves  for  ladies  and  gentlemen. 

[The  making  of  ladies*  leather  gloves  is  a  branch  of 
trade  extensively  followed  in  Vienna  and  Prague.  The 
production  of  this  branch  not  only  covers  the  entire 
demands  of  the  home  market,  but  furnishes  also  large 
exports  to  the  Danubian  provinces  and  to  Turkey.  In 
Vienna  alone  there  are  established  more  than  250  glove- 
makers,  some  of  whom  carry  on  their  business  on  a  very 
largo  scale.  They  employ  above  500  workmen  and  nearly 
3,500  female  sewers,  who  furnish  annually  more  than 
180,000  dozen  pairs  of  gloves.  Prague  reckons  about  50 
manufacturers  of  gloves.] 

336  Glotebs'  Associatiox,  Prague,  Bohemia, 

Ladies  and  gentlemen's  gloves  of  kid,  lamb,  and  sheep 
skin. 

Gentlemen's  gloves  of  rein-deer  leather. 

;J37     PoRTsniKST  LEATiiER-crxTEUS,  Hermannstadty 
Tninsylvania — Manufacturer. 
Slicep-skiii,  goat,  and  kid  leatlier. 

338  Gellinek,  Johann,  Prague^  Bohemia — 

Manufacturer. 
A  8i*t  of  silver-plated  haniesn. 


330       L5FFLER,  FuiEDRicii,  Prague^  Bohemia — 

Manufacturer. 
Saddles  of  various  kincb.     Saddle-tree  for  horses,  with 
curved  back. 


340         Zapp,  Ionatz,   llt^nna — Patentee  and 

Manufacturer. 
Various  saddles,  girths,  bridles,  and  horse-rugs,  kc. 

[The  manufm'turc  of  fancy  articles  of  leather  has 
niadj"  gn*at  progress  of  late  years.  This  has  been  the  eaK5 
l)articularly  in  the  trade  of  IxHjkbinding,  both  in  Vienna 
and  Prague,  wlu're  this  branch  of  trade  is  conducted  on  a 
largj*  wale  :  these  not  onlv  satisfying  all  the  requisitions 
of  a  dailv  increa-^inij  luxury  at  home,  but  also  connnand- 
iiig  a  verj'  j)rorital)le  sale  abroad.  In  the  manufa<'t ure  of 
haniess,  saddh  s,  and  various  articles  of  furriery,  Vienna, 
Prague,  and  Milan,  excel  all  other  cities  and  to\Nns  in 
theemj>ire.  In  fiwt,  the  jmrties  engaged  in  this  hnuiih 
of  manufacture  not  only  Hupph  the  wh(»le  demand  of  the 
monan-hy,  hut  also  export  largely  annually  to  foreign 
eoimtrii*s,  principally  to  Turkey.] 


1024 


AUSTRIA. 


341  Gbibss,  Fbiedbich,  Vienna — ^Manafiicturer. 

.    Riding  and  other  whips,  with  buttons  and  handles  of 
eilyer,  iTOiy,  whalebone,  horn,  &c. 

342  Maksch5n,  M.  F^  Pettky  JZiN^ofy— Manufacturer. 
Hungarian  Csikds  whip. 


343        Gboseopf,  Geobo,  Vienna — ^Msnufacturfr. 
TraTelling  trunk  and  hunting-pouches. 


344  EiKHAraEB,  Joset,  Udemt^  2^^— Leathercutter. 

Leather  reticule,  embroidered  with  peacock  feathers. 
Tyrolese  hunting^pouches,  gun-slings,  and  belts. 

345  Leatheb-cuttebb*  Association,  Hermannstadt^ 

Transylvania. 
A  belt.  

346  Geteb,  J.,  Fegthy  Hungary — Furrier.     (Agent, 

Mr.  J.  G.  Mayer,  58  Oxford  Street,  London.) 
Himgarian  sheep-skin  Bunda  (a  cloak). 


347 


Associated  Fubbiebs,  SermannHadl, 
Tranatflfsama. 
Black  hunb-skins. 
Wallachian  and  Heltau  fiir  stomachers  and  Test. 


348        DiyzL,  Fbanz,  Vienna — ^Manufacturer. 

Gutta  percha  articles,  including  sticks,  riding-whips, 
snuff-boxes,  goblets,  flower-pots,  &c. 


349        Lang,  Fbanz,  Stadi-Steyr^  Upper  Austria 

— Manuiact  urer. 
Artists*  brushes  of  various  kinds. 


350    Pattae,  Geobo,  Hermannstadty  Transylvania^ 

Manu&cturer. 
Horse-brush. 
Clothes  and  hair  brushes. 


351    Bayeb,  J.  Geobg,  Hermannstadty  l^ansyhania — 

Hatter. 
Felt  doth,  dark  brown ;  scarlet  and  black  for  waist- 
coats and  caps ;  and  materials  for  making  felt. 


352    HObscu,  Jos.,  Prayue,  Bohemia — Manufacturer. 
Bohemian  silk  and  felt  hats. 


353    Kbise,  Cabl,  Prague^  Bohetnia — Manufacturer. 
Felt  and  silk  hats. 
Tliibet  mechanical  hats. 


354    MucE,  JoSEFU,  Prague^  Bohemia — Manufacturer. 
Silk  and  felt  hats  and  bonnets,  of  yarious  kinds. 
Felt  shoes  and  boots. 
Samples  of  coloured  felt  doth. 


355    Sbba,  Antott,  Prague^  Bohemia — Manufacturer. 

Felt  and  silk  hats ;  waterproof  militaiy  hats ;  shooting 
hats  of  wool  and  felt. 

[The  manufiMTture  of  felt  hats  is  carried  on  by  upwards 
of  3,000  dealers  in  these  artides,  not  including  those  of 
Hungaiy.  Very  few  establishments  for  hat-making  are 
carrit»d  on  upon  a  large  scale ;  and  Vienna  and  Prague 
are  the  prindpal  seats  of  the  manu&cturers  both  of  felt 
and  of  boaTcr  hat«.  Milan  produces  silk  hats  in  large 
quantities,  and  of  exirdlent  quality.  Of  late  years  the 
production  of  fine  felt  hats  in  the  Germanic  Austrian  pro- 


vinces has  &llen  o£^  while  the  manu&oturo  of  tflk  hats 
after  the  Parisian  manner  is  making  great  prognss.] 


356  Benedig,  Josef,  Sirassisdk,  Camiola,  Kraiaimry 

— ManufiMsturer. 
Horse-hair  sieve-bottoms  of  various  kinds. 
Cylindrical  sieve-bottoms,  for  paper  manufiutones. 

[Siefe-bottoms  are  made  in  niyriainocmaidenldeqaM- 
tities  at  very  modentopnoM^  and  of  good  qaaJaty,  Tbtf 
are  prindpally  exported ;  and  diieAy  to  Italy,  Fnnoe^  thi 

NetherlaiKfa^  Spain,  GKbraltar,  Servisi  Bosnia^  &c.] 


357     Globotbohnig,  Aitton,  Stra9ti9dk, 

Manu£sKHiu«r. 
Horse-hair  sieve-bottoms,  of  various  kinds. 
Cylindrical  sieve-bottoms,  for  pi^per  manufiustoriei. 


358      Looeeb,  D'AiTTOVio,  I^aimbmy^  CbrMo2»— 

Manufisicturer. 
Horse-hair  sievo'bottoms  of  various  kinds. 
Cylindrical  sieve-bottoms,  for  paper  manafiMstariei. 


359    PPENiyGBEBGEB,  JoSEF,  HeiUgensAodi^  Vk 

Manufacturer. 

Oil-cloths,  made  of  figured  fustians  and  cottons.  TWUi- 
oovers  to  resemble  wood.    Floor-doths.    Ouriage  oaipeti. 


360       Smith  &  Meykieb,  Piume — ManufiMsturen. 

White  printing,  drawing,  writing,  foolscap,  and  kttff 
papers,  of  various  kinds. 
Coloured  papers. 

[It  is  only  of  late  years  that  the  paper  manufiutuM^ 
although  belonging  to  the  oldest  branches  of  industiy  snb- 
siBting  in  the  Austrian  monarchy,  has  by  reason  of  ths 
introduction  of  mechanicid  power  made  any  considerable 
progress,  and  at  the  same  time  partially  supplanted  the 
smsller  establishments. 

Lombardy,  Lower  Austria,  and  Bohemia  occupy,  among 
the  provinces  of  the  Austrian  monarchy,  the  first  rank  ia 
the  manufacture  of  paper.  After  them  come  Venioe  and 
the  TyroL  In  the  other  provinces  the  paper  iacimt 
for  the  most  part  but  of  small  extent ;  Dahnatia  baa 
whatever.  Lower  Austria  possesses  the  most  extensifv 
paper  manu&ctories.  The  average  production  of  the 
monarehy  amounts  to  650,000  cwt.  of  paper.  Of  tkii 
quantity  250,000  cwt.  are  ordinary  writing  paper ;  60^000 
cwt.  fine  paper ;  20,000  cwt.  dra?nng  paper ;  150,000  ewL 
printing  paper ;  100,000  cwt.  packing  paper ;  and  60^000 
cwt.  paper  for  technical  purposes.  As  to  the  various  sorta 
or  kinds  of  paper,  Bohemia  and  Lower  Austria  produoa 
the  most  writing  paper;  Lombardy  and  Bohemia,  Aw 
paper;  Lombardy,  dra?nng  paper;  Lower  Austria  and 
Bohemia,  printing  paper ;  Lombardy  and  Venice,  packing 
paper ;  and  Bohemia  and  Lombardy,  paper  for  technical 
purposes. 

The  manufiicture  of  paper  employs  directly  12,000 
people,  and  indirectly  at  the  least  as  many  more.  Ttw 
mills  are  driven  by  water  power,  with  the  exception  of 
some  few  to  which  steam  power  and  machinery  have  been 
applied.  Two-fifths  of  the  whole  production  are  made  by 
machine,  and  three-fiflhs  by  hand.] 


361       EOOEBTR,  JoH.,  SMenbach,  SchSitenhofen^ 

Bohemia — Manufacturer. 
Packing  paper  (flannd  paper),  of  a  peculiar  kind,  to  be 
used  in  packing  mirrors  or  glasses,  by  laying  it  between 
the  same  instead  of  strips  of  doth. 


AUSTRIA. 


1025 


362 


tiotia. 


COITKT  JLSD  Ck>TXBN10EKT  PRIVTIKa 

Officb,  Vimma, 
of  ^pogn^hy  and  printmg  of  all  descrip- 


[CbDed  upon  by  the  State  to  undertake  the  printing  for 
aD  the  ICinktriea,  for  Gorcmmentand  theCourts  of  Justice, 
for  the  Army,  Poat-Office,  Customs,  &c.,  as  well  as  to  exe- 
cute its  bonds  and  paper  money,  securely,  quickly,  and 
aywahly  to  all  practical  requirements,  this  establishment 
has  Hkewise  aimed  at  cultirating  and  perfecting  the 
graphic  arts,  and  thereby  rendering  important  services  to 
art  and  science.  The  union  within  its  walls  of  all  the 
difirent  branches  of  the  graphic  arts,  tending  to  the  mul- 
tipKcation  of  words  or  pictures,  is  the  point  which  dis- 
tinguiahes  this  Institution  from  all  others  of  a  similar 


The  greatest  portion  of  this  work  is  for  the  use  of  the 
OorenmieDt  oflloes ;  but  in  cases  where  artists  or  men  of 
learning  can  fibd  no  publishers  for  their  works,  or  where 
such  works,  on  account  of  the  difficulty  and  expense  of 
their  execution,  could  not  be  produced  in  any  other  esta- 
bliahmcnt,  but  deserre  support  in  the  interests  of  art  and 
seknoe,  with  consent  of  the  Ministry,  leave  is  given  to  have 
them  brought  to  light  by  the  extensive  resources  of  the 
State  printing  office.  By  the  liberality  of  the  Austrian 
Ooremment,  the  charges  in  such  cases  are  fixed  on  a  very 
scale,  and  their  liquidation  is  allowed  to  take 
gradually,  in  the  course  of  several  years,  by  the  sale 
of  the  work  itself^  which  will  have  had  time  to  become 
kiKiwn.  3 

Punch-cutting  Department. — Steel  punches  of  foreign 
chamcters  only.  Of  these  the  Imperial  establishment 
poaaesscs  104  alphabets  of  the  languages  of  the  whole 
g^obe,  without  reclLoning  the  diffierent  siz^  in  which  many 
of  the  alphabets  have  been  cast. 

Punchew  of  types  used  for  books  printed  in  the  middle 
affr,  fri>ni  the  sixth  to  the  sixteenth  century  inclusive. 
TyiM*  for  the  u*e  of  the  blind  of  Europe  and  Aaia.  Tlie 
alphabets  are  as  follows : — 


llmrocWphie 

il<«rmric 

Ilrmocjr 

E'hiopiic  and  Amharie 

lli^^antic 

llnnyantir  (oraunentevl) 

i«h^ltr,  %in^nran  in«npt., 

Titamnc  an*!  Thu^gm 
AAnmt  Hetirrw 
SaauntAn 

RMTiii,  or  Rabliink 

(■crman  IU«-hi 

H^hm»,  Spankh-Lermntine 

Atwmmx 

bcnaj^rto 

Armbtc,  Ncarht 
Ifssnemntc 

litmirMn  (ornamented) 

Pan  IT 

Namidflw 

Efrariaa 

hwmnX  Italian 

Mank- 

<M*Jur 

CVIt« 

Ohtr  ^new  vhape) 

Aa<k>-^<ason 

AiM-i^iit  tirrrk 

i'tr\\\tr 

i'it\\\M'  -diiriprrntK  diap^) 

Raaaan.  Smnan,  ^allachian 

AP- 


Albanian  (differently  shaped) 

Lycian 

Armenian 

<ieor((ian 

Cteortrian  (erclesdaat.  letters") 

Penepolitan  (cuneiform  letters) 

PchleNi 

Zend 

(^ahool 

IVfTuan 

Oldest  Indian  Kif^nx 

WeHtem  (Jrf>ito  iniicription 

Ac«>ka  inncription 

Injirription  of  (>uxerat 

Dynasty  of  Gupta  (  Allalubad) 

liengali 

Ahom 

Tiljetan 

Pasaepa 

Kutila  (ten  yean  after  CThriat) 

Dex'anaKan  (Sanscr.  No.  1 ) 

iVevana^niri  (Sanacr.  No.  '2) 

Kaiihmerian 

Sikh 

Aiwam  inarript. 

Maliratta 

(>ri<«ia 

<«iij(*ratee 

Kayti-Nafi^ari 

Kand«cha 

liandnrhin-Mola 

Multan 

Sindhe«» 

Nrrhudda 

Kiatna 

Telinjfa 

Kamata 

Tamul 

Malayalim 

C'incaleiw 

Maldivian 

Jdvaneae 


Kiottsa 

New  Pali  (No.  1) 

New  Pali  (No.  JJ) 

Siamese 

Kamboga  (with  joints  and  with- 

oat) 
Laos 
Birmese 
Shyan 
Bugis 
Bisaya 


BatU 

Tagala 

Moneolese 

Mandflchu 

Chinese 

Coreanic 

Formosan 

Japanese  (Katakana,  No.  1^ 

Japanese  (Ka'akana,  No.  2) 

Japanese  ( Pirokana) 

Tschirokiaian 


Xylography.  —  Three  large  woodcuts,  after  religious 
historical  drawings  by  Fuhrich,  together  with  impressions 
of  them  in  gutta  percha,  and  matrices  produced  by  means 
of  the  galvanic  process ;  also  specimens  of  historical  and 
several  other  representations.  A  collection  of  seals,  and 
several  woodcuts  after  Albrecht  Durer. 

Chemitypy. — Bepresentations  of  the  different  depart- 
ments of  the  Imperial  establishment,  etched  on  zinc, 
chemityp^  and  printed  with  the  common  printing  press : 
a  new  invention  by  Piil,  for  etching  on  zmc  in  a  raised 
manner. 

[If  this  art  be  not  calculated  to  supersede  wood  engrav- 
ing, it  can  be  applied  with  great  advantage  for  certain 
purposes  in  the  etching  style,  for  maps,  plans,  drawings 
of  machines,  &c.  A  zinc  plate  is  covered  with  an  etching 
ground,  the  drawing  etched  in  the  usual  manner  with  the 
needle,  and  bitten  in.  The  etching  groimd  is  now 
removed,  the  deep  lines  cleaned  with  acid,  and  then  the 
whole  plate,  in  a  warm  state,  covered  with  an  easily 
fusible  metal,  with  which,  of  course,  the  lines  of  the  draw- 
ing are  filled  up.  When  the  metal  thus  laid  on  is  cold 
and  firm,  the  whole  plate  \b  planed  until  the  zinc  appears 
again,  and  only  the  lines  of  the  drawing  remain  filled 
with  the  fusible  metal,  which  is  easily  distinguished  by 
its  white  colour,  from  the  grey  of  the  zinc.  The  whole 
plate  is  now  etched  several  times ;  the  former  lines  of  the 
drawing,  filled  with  this  easily  fusible  negative  metal,  are 
not  affected  by  the  acid,  while  the  pure  zinc  is  eaten  away. 
In  this  manner  a  drawing  for  printing  in  the  copper-plate 
press  can  be  conrerted  into  one  in  relief  for  use  in  the 
ordinary  printing  press.] 

Letter-founding.  —  Matrices  of  the  ncv*ly-cut  Nesclii 
or  Arabic-Turkish  characters,  used  for  printing ;  also  seve- 
ral specimens  of  matrices  produced  by  the  galvanic  process. 
Composition  of  aCliinese  text  with  moveable  types,  which 
consist  of  400  signs,  lines,  and  points,  by  which  almost  all 
tlie  Chinese  characters  may  be  formed.  A  specimen, 
sliowing  the  comj^sition  of  Japanese  with  moveable  types, 
for  comparison  with  music,  wfiich  is  also  composedVith 
moveable  types. 

[The  combination  of  the  Chinese  characters  develops  a 
new  invention  of  tlie  higliest  interest.  The  80,000  signs 
of  that  language  are  formed  in  the  same  manner  as  music 
is  formed  with  moveable  type,  accortling  to  the  typometrical 
system  of  M.  Aucr,  the  director  of  the  establishment. 
This  system  contains  about  400  points  and  strokes ;  and 
although  the  trouble  of  joining  these  is  taken  into  account, 
still  the  advantage  of  Gutenberg's  invention  of  print  nig 
with  moveable  tyi)es  is  manifestly  of  the  greatest  import- 
ance, when  we  consider  the  immense  number  of  Chinese 
characters.] 

Sten'ot>'ping  Department.  —  The  types  of  the  cha- 
racters of  the  entire  globe,  two  large  tables,  each  of 
510  square  inches,  stereotyjH'd  in  type  metal,  together  with 
gutta  jx-rcha  and  plaster  of  Paris  matrices,  also  copies  of 
them  j)ro<luced  by  the  galvanic  process. 

Eltvtro- Metallurgy. —  Raised  and  engraved  plates  of 
woodcuts  and  objects  of  tj'])ography  and  chalc^ography. 

Copy  of  two  pt^trifications  of  the  fishes  Pycnodus  Fcnzlii 
and  Chirocentrites  coroninii. 

[The  original  was  first  incnisted  with  gutta  jx*ivlia. 
This  crust  was  taken  off,  and,  afier  being  prepared,  placed 


ia  the  gslvuiio  ■ppBiatu* :   a  copy  ^aa  thus  oblaiiietl, 
witliout  tho  aid  (rf  «  draning,   wMoh  ii  quite  fit  (or 
printing.] 
Ala 

or  tlie 
liiin. 

Three  larf(o  tables  of  copper  matriucs,  each  of  whioli 
coii(aiiL^  1,2{X>  ChinoHo  charac(4TB. 

Two  Inrge  plate*  of  1,800  squure  inehra  e«th,  for  copper- 
plate prinluig  or  polisliiug. 

Several  gulta  pcrcba  matrices  for  tlie  lue  of  this  do- 


Works  of  Bculpture  from  tlie  aaliqiie  (high  rclieb  and 
low  relicfo),  &£.,  eloclrotjped  in  oopper. 

aercral  metal  frames,  prodiicod  by  the  galvanic  process, 
conlaijiiiig  photugraplia. 

The  Bterartjpc  plalM  mv  of  galTHnie  copper. 

Tj^metiy. — Illustrations  of  the  sj-stem  of  calculating 
and  nieaauring  off  the  spaiw  taken  up  bj  the  reapectire 
IcIlerB,  by  the  Director  of  the  Imperial  rslablishmeiit, 
Alois  AucT,  Gdvemmpnt  Couneellor  and  MemU-T  of  the 
Imperial  Academy  of  Scdcnees.  (An  ciplaimtion  of  this 
■VFtcm  has  been  printed  in  the  memorials  of  tho  Academf, 
Vol.  I.) 

[The  Rjstem  of  l^THimetry,  or  thomothodof  calciUating 
and  nicasimng  the  space  taken  up  by  each  Bcparato  letter, 
deserves  attention.  Not  otily  is  tlio  advantnge  of  being 
able  to  calculate  by  tldi  system  wliBt  space  manuscripts 
will  occupy  wlicn  they  arc  printed  of  great  importaiiee, 
but  a  still  gniatcr  wlvantagc  attaches  to  this  system, 
nnuioly,  tliat  alt  sorts  of  tabular  matter  may  now  be  much 
more  easily  arranged,  because  the  space  taken  up  by  each 
apparato  column  can  be  calculated  to  (he  greatest  nicety  ; 
this   is   of  grout   importance   in   a   technical   point  of 

Three  thousand  hundred  weight,  or  160  millions  of  let- 
ters, have  been  cast  in  the  foundery  of  llio  establishment 
Bt'conling  to  this  system.] 

Tvpography.  ~  Some  of  tho  specimens  of  printing  of 
the  Imperial  establishment,  as  Oenuan,  Roman,  and  llahc 
tvp™,  tlie  punches  of  which  were  cut  in  I  lie  estabhshment, 
Likeniw  all  tlie  script  and  omamenlol  letters  which  are  in 
use  on  the  European  eonlinent> 

Printed  tcits  of  the  foreign  characlers  of  the  whole 
world,  some  of  them  of  various  siics. 

German  letters  used  Cjr  books  during  tho  middle  ages, 
from  the  siilh  century  to  the  invention  of  the  art  of 
printing. 

The  type  of  the  first  printed  work,  Gutenberg's  Bible, 
in  four  dilferenl  siies. 

Ornamental  letters  copied  from  originals  of  the  scren- 
teenth  century. 

Tj'pes  for  the  use  of  tlic  blind,  in  the  European  and 
Asiatic  languages. 

TTiMwraphicol  Productions  in  Glazed  Frames.—"  Tho 
nail  of^  Languages,"  published  by  the  Director  of  tlie 
cstiihli»lraient,  A.  Auer,  Government  CoimscUor. 

Kirat  Part,— Tlu^  Lord's  l^rayer  in  G08  languages  and 
idioms,  printed  with  Boman  type ;  with  llicir  respective 
iul«rpn'talion.     In  nine  lublii'. 

Second  Part.^Tlie  Lord's  Pmycr,  printed   willi  the 
diameler*BpproiiriBletOlherespeiiirciuilioiLB,eont«'  ' 
20G  varieties  of  langiuige,  and  d  surrey  of  more  thai 
foreign  alpliabets  and  chataetcrs,  witli'transeriptions. 
eight  tables.  ' 

Development  of  tho  literal  characters  of  the  whole  globu, 
in  a  genealogical  form.  On  one  luind  from  the  Cliiiiege 
charnclcrs,  to  which  are  added  the  Koreanic  and  Juiianesc 
ehoroeters,  ami  on  the  other  liand  from  the  African 
tucToelvpliie  signs,  which  are  immediately  foUoired  by 
the    FtKBnician    cliaracters,   which   represent    the   first 


knovm  signs  of  writing.  AU  the  rest  of  the  alpliiAeU 
take  their  origin  from  these,  and  then  bruudi  out  inU 
numberless  ramifications  which  are  tnc«d  np  to  llM 
chaTactera  used   throughout  the  worid  at   the  preicDt 


ThoQ 


Gutenberg  Bible,  of  which  a  page  contains  4S  line*, 
with  pointed  ornamental  border. 

In    the   PortfoUo.  —  T^pea   of   the   Propaganda   at 
Bome,  in  23  alphabet  B. 


bets. 

The  types  of  India,  13  alphabeli. 

Pedigree  of  the  Emperort  of  Austria. 

Ground-plan  skotcbes  of  the  whole  of  the  Impaial 
Establishment. 

Two  smaller  porlfotios  contain  an  album  in  16  ''"C"-g-^ 
printed  for  jmrtieulnr  occasions. 

Printed  Books  in  ordinary  Binding. — Hemoriols  of  tt* 
Imperial  Academy  of  Sciences,  one  Tclmne.  Objwte 
illustrative  of  the  sciences  of  mathcmatJiM  and  natmal 
histoiy :  to  this  is  added  a  map  of  G8  tables,  executed  ia 
coloured  lithographs. 

Ucmorials  of  the  Imperial  Academy  of  Sdraicea,  ow 
volume.  Objects  illustrative  of  philosophy  and  histv}'. 
With  12  lithographed  tables. 

The  tvpomctriail  system  of  the  Director  of  the  EHabUsh- 
ment,  Jiioia  Auer. 

llammer-Purgstall,  Ebetoric  of  the  Arabs,  1st  rolume. 

Treaties  between  Austria  and  Turkey,  Turkish,  with  a 
translation. 

PGiniaier's  Arabic- Persian -Turkish  Grammar. 

Schlcchta,  AbdiUTBlunau  Dschami's  "Frilhliiigsgaitai,' 
Persian  and  German. 

Seldivhla,  "  The  Right  of  74ations  in  time  of  War  and 
in  time  of  Peace,"  two  volumes,  translated  Irom  the  0<^ 
man  into  Turkish. 

A  Treatise  on  the  liigher  Arithmetic,  Turkish. 

Boiler's  Sanscrit  Grammar. 

Catalogue  of  the  Hebrew  Jtanuaeripta  iu  the  Impend 
Library  at  Vienno. 

Goidcnllial,  Clavis  Tnlmudica,  HEbr™-. 

Amoth,  Cabinet  of  Coins  and  Antiquities. 

Boha,  Mauuale. 

Kuhlgruber,  Ilennenculicn. 

Stfltistica  and  Tables  of  Commerce  of  th«  Empire  of 
Austria,  9  volumes  iu  foho. 

History  of  tho  Au»lrian  National  Bank. 

Lira  del  Po])olo,  two  parte,  for   the  use  of  aingiuf- 

Hovcn,  nine's  Songs,  one  volume  in  4IO-,  printed  with 
moveable  types  for  music- 

(In  tho  press.  Printed  with  the  original  tvpea.)  For 
Dr.  Mehren  ofCopeuhagen— Blieloric  of  the  Arab*. 

For  Dr.  Holmboo  of  Christiana — Comparative  Kiioir> 
ledge  of  languages. 

For  Dr.  Zenker  of  Leipsic — Turkish  Chreatomalhy  and 

For  Dr.  Spiegel  of  Erlangen— Zend-Avesta,  bj  Zoro- 


printed  with  movcoble  Japanew  types. 

[This  work  in  tlie  Japanese  language,  printed  for  the 
first  lime  willi  moveable  type,  and  accompanied  by  ■  Ge^ 
man  translation  of  Dr.  POimaior,  deserves  notice.  Hmo^ 
but  little  known  in  its  native  coimtry^  this  edition  ha* 
hn^  transhited  in  America,  anil  is  already  in  the  preM. 
Tho  appearance  of  this  Japanese  novel  oaused  a  gnal 
sensation  in  foreign  countries :  the  perfection  with  whidi 
the  printing  had  been  Ckcculed  acluallj  created  the  douht 


AUSTRIA. 


1027 


m  the  minds  of  the  members  of  a  Qemian  Society  for 
the  promotion  of  the  Oriental  languages,  whether  the 
Japmese  part  and  the  illastrations  of  this  work  had  not 
been  eiecuted  at  Japan,  and  the  Qerman  part  only  at 

''At  the  first  Tiew,**  obeerres  a  writer  in  the  Jommal  of 
ike  Oriemial  Soeietg^  <*  a  sceptical  critic  might  be  led  to 
suppose  that  the  honourable  Imperial  establishment  had 
boii^t  the  original  edition  at  Japan,  from  which  place  it 
was  also  famished  with  the  paper  on  which  the  G^erman 
trsBslation  had  been  printed,  and  that  then  it  had  both 
parts  bound  together.  But  no!  this  fine  satin-like  paper 
is  of  Qerman  manufacture ;  these  Japanese  cha- 
racters, which  with  Uieir  arabesque-like  scrolls  resemble 
the  productions  of  transient  stenography  {  and  these 
printed  illustiations,  with  portraits,  costimies,  buildings, 
and  utensils,  which  seem  to  belong  to  a  different  world — 
they  were  not  produced  by  woodcutting  at  Jedo,  but  have 
been  doeely  copied  at  Vienna,  from  the  originals,  by 
of  typography  and  zinoo-lithography.  That  is,  the 
characters  haye  been  printed,  for  the  first  time, 
with  moreable  type,  and  the  illustrations,  together  with 
some  explanations  belonging  to  them,  and  the  preface, 
haTO  been  engraTed  on  zinc ;  proofs  of  them  were  then 
paDed  on  pi^per,  after  which  they  have  been  transferred 
to  stone.**] 

Specimens  of  Chromo-lithography.  (By  Hartingcr.) — 
Two  flower-pieces.  One  fruit-piece.  One  head  for  study. 
One  still  Ufe. 

Ge«re-picture,  r^resenting  the  Emperor  Joseph  II., 
who  prescribes  100  ducats  as  medicine  to  a  widow  who  is 
dying  of  hunger. 

Flowers  (16  plates).  For  the  work,  ^'Faradisus 
Tindobonensis." 

Butterflies,  petrifications,  plants,  objects  of  archi- 
tecture, Ac. 

The  original  oQ  paintings  are  hung  up  next  to  them, 
in  onW  tliat  they  may  be  compared  at  pleasure  with  the 
print int;  in  (.-olour?. 

•"rix*  iniproHsions  printeil  in  single  colour  exliibit  tlie 
niAnriiT  in  wliieh  tlie  various  colour;*  liave  l)een  combined. 
Th«»  point -holt**",  wliicli  may  ho  peixvivtHl,  are  i>roduced  by 
a  pin  on  the  stone,  by  which  the  several  colours  are  made 
to  fit  closely  to  each  other.] 

Illu«t  rat  ions  of  rraiarkable  diseases  of  tlic  human  skin, 
»ii  •htvt*. 

C^>i»|ier-i>latef«  and  Stei»l  Engrnvinc?. — Illustrations  for 
vork«,  ana  i-anls  printed  on  particular  occasions. 

GalTanotn^phy. — llie  Dcjmrture.  Executed  on  cop]>er 
by  Shindler,  etched  by  Axinann,  copic<l  by  means  of  the 
ICmlTanie  ifroce^w,  and  printed  at  tlie  Ini|K'rial  establiHli- 
DM'nt.  Th«Te  is  subjoine<l,  for  coui|>arim)ii,  the  original 
mM  wril  an  the  eony  j)ro<luoed  by  the  palvanic  proces»8, 
and  pnK»f*  pulled  before  the  etching  of  tlie  plate. 

'Gmhan«irrai>hy,  in  the  short  intenal  which  has 
cUfif^-tl  !*ince  it.*  fir^t  Bp])earan(v,  lias  Ixvn  divided  into 
two  hiHIhaIii.  The  first  eoni«i.Htt4  in  the  coni]K>;«i(ion  being 
noinitevi  bv  the  artist  liiniself  with  colour  (nm^tttl  temi 
di  Sienna,  or  black-lead  and  linstHxl  oil)  and  the  onlinarj- 
bru»ii,  in  the  same  way  q»  an  Indinn-ink  drawing  uj)on  a 
sdT«Tvd-copptT  plate,  which  is  then  pUwed  in  the  galvan- 
cpU#tu>  ap|NiratUi«,  in  order  to  obtain  a  coj)y  of  the  raised 
drawing.  Tlie  coj»y,  or  sunk  plate  thus  obtained,  is 
touched  uj»  with  the  usual  copjKT-plate  engraving  tools, 
and  the  light  and  shade  iniprovt^l,  and  then  serves  for 
pnntiiij;  from :  it  can,  of  course,  bv  means  of  the  gtdvanie 
a|vparatus,  bt*  multiplied  to  any  dmrrd  extent.  This 
mrthrjd,  certainly,  possesses  the  advantage  of  allowing 


rapidity  in  execution  and  groat  freedom  of  treatment.  In 
the  second  method  of  galvanography,  the  outlines  of  the 
given  drawing  are  etched  in  the  usual  manner,  the  yarioua 
tones  of  the  picture  laid  on  with  the  roulette,  and  a  gal- 
vanoplastic  copy  of  this  sunk  plate  is  then  produced.  On 
this  second  (raised)  plate,  the  artist  completes  his  picture 
by  means  of  chalk  and  Indian  ink,  and  puts  in  the  lights 
and  shades,  &c. ;  from  this  a  second  galvanoplastic  copy 
is  produced.  This  second  copy,  or  sunk  plate,  the  third 
plate  in  the  order  of  procedure,  serves,  after  being  touched 
up,  for  printing  from,  in  the  copper-plate  press.] 

Ornamental  Department. —  Original  drawings  in  the 
Oriental  and  Occidental  styles,  executed  for  works  printed 
for  the  East  and  West. 

Ornamental  Tools  for  Bookbinders.  —  Different  orna- 
ments exhibiting  the  Oriental  and  Occidental  styles. 

Fhotography. — Specimens  o^  by  Faul  Pretsch,  Lower 
Boad,  Islington,  London.  Size,  16i  by  21^  inches,  the 
hirgest  phot<^phic  picture  hitherto  made. 

Views  of  Schonbrunn  fthe  usual  summer  residence  of 
the  Imperial  Court)  and  of  Vienna. 

View  of  a  garden. 

Neptune  group. 

Gloriette  (an  elevated  point,  from  which  a  most  exten- 
sive view  is  enjc^ed),  Schdnbrunn. 

Entrance,  with  the  obelisk  of  trophies. 

Entrance  to  the  Gloriette. 

Interior  of  the  Gloriette. 

Throe  heads. 

Two  heads,  Niobe  and  Caracalla. 

A  ooiu-tyard  in  the  suburb  Neubau. 

The  president  of  the  institution,  CounciQor  Auer,  has 
made  this  combination  the  object  of  his  peculiar  interest. 
Ten  years  ago  the  establishment  was  not  thriving ;  but  by 
his  unwearied  care  he  has  raised  it  to  one  of  the  greatest 
in  the  whole  world.  At  tliis  moment  it  occupies,  in  the 
different  branches  of  business,  more  than  900  persons,  in 
a  space  extending  over  61,000  square  feet. 

Mechanical  inventions,  discoveries  of  science,  the  cre- 
ative genius  of  the  artist,  and  the  productive  activity  of 
talent,  are  all  successfiJly  employed  in  conjunction  with 
the  jwwers  of  nature,  as  stctinj,  the  moving  jwwer,  light- 
ning, the  h^  dro-clcctric  lluid,  and  light,  the  producer  of 
picturt»8. 

Five  large  buildings,  from  four  to  six  stories  high,  con- 
tain all  the  materiel  of  the  establishment :  these  are  con- 
nected with  each  other  by  means  of  galleries,  while  two 
stone  and  thn*e  iron  staircases  conntvt  tlie  upix*r  with  the 
lower  floors.  A  Htenm-cngine  of  20-horse  power  moves 
46  printing-machines,  21  copj)er-plato  presses,  and  8 
glazuig  cylinders ;  it  also  j)umps  and  raises  cold  and 
warm  water  to  the  different  floors  of  the  building,  and,  in 
addition,  conveys  througli  copjHT  pipes  hot  air  into  all 
the  rooms.  Similar  provisions  supply  four  large  wasli- 
houM's  with  the  means  of  cleaning  the  types  :  a  large  high 
drj'ing-house,  which  risi»s  like  a  church  between  two  of 
the  otlier  buildings,  fumi-nhcd  with  galleries  all  round  the 
interior,  is  healed  by  the  same  means.  All  the  workshops 
and  rooms  art*  lighted  with  ga«,  and  providetl  with 
Hj>caking-tulH's,  which  end  in  15  mouths  in  the  office  of 
tlie  dirtvtor  of  the  establishment.  There  are  also  43 
large  and  12  smaller  iron  Icttcr-jirinting  presses,  40  litho- 
graphic presses,  8  for  numbering,  and  5  for  embossing, 
worke<l  by  hand.  Eight  tyi)e-founding  machines  and  10 
furnaces,  attended  by  four  |>erson8  each,  fiumish  a  con- 
stant supply  of  fresh  ty|H's,  of  which  the  establishment 
I>098e88e8  alxiut  3,(HK)  cwt.,  or  ntMir  150,000,000  of  letters, 
all  of  which  arc  kept  in  the  grcati'st  order.  More  than 
300,000  sheets  are  printed  daily,  for  which  GOO  reams  of 


1028 


AUSTRIA. 


paper  are  required.  Taking  the  year  1841  as  an  example, 
and  comparing  its  productions  with  what  is  now  done, 
the  result  shows  that  as  much  is  now  printed  in  18  days 
as  in  the  whole  of  that  year. 

363  Imperial  Militabt  Gbogbaphical  Institute, 

Vietma, 

A  yariety  of  maps. 

FortfoUo  of  maps  engraved  on  copperplates,  executed 
firom  a  militaiy  survey,  founded  on  astronomical  and 
trigonometrical  observations. 

Topographical  map  of  the  Lombardo-Yenetian  kingdom. 

42  lurffe  sheets.    Scale  ^J^ 

Speciid  map  of  Moravia  and  Silesia.    20  sheets. 

Special  map  of  Bohemia.  38  sheets.  Scale  of  both 
maps  jij^  (of  the  last  map  seven  sheets  have  been 
already  published). 

Ghmeral  map  of  Moravia  and  Silesia.  4  large  sheets. 
Scale  7,^. 

Topographical  map  of  Central  Ital^,  contaming  Tus- 
cany  and  tne  Papal  States,  after  a  trumgulation  and  an 
original  survey,  executed  in  these  countries  in  the  years 
1841-3,  by  Austrian  officers,  under  the  direction  of  the 
Mil.  0«og.  Instit.  Scale  g>|gg,  in  49  large  sheets,  of 
which  11  have  been  published. 

A  reduction  on  the  scale  of  ^Am  of  the  map  of  Paris,  by 
Pelet.    The  two  preceding  are  uthograph. 

A  small  travelhng  and  post  map  of  the  Austrian  States, 
engraved  on  four  stones,  printed  in  colours,  of  which  the 
compUcated  execution  is  to  be  considered  with  regard  to 
its  veiT  small  scale. 

G-lobe,  2  feet  radius,  letter-press  in  the  Armenian  lan- 
guage. In  7  sheets.  The  drawing  of  the  mountains  with 
chemical  crayon,  the  rest  engraved  on  stone ;  printed  in 
different  colours. 

Ethnographical  map  of  Yorarlberg,  the  drawing  of  the 
moimtains  with  chemical  crayon,  the  rest  engraved  on 
stone;  printed  in  six  colours. 

G^logical  map  of  the  environs  of  Leoben,  in  Styria, 
transferred  from  a  copperplate  on  stone,  and  printed  in 
11  colours. 

Ghx)gnostical  map  of  the  Austrian  States,  with  part  of 
GkTmanv  and  Italy,  engraved  on  stone,  and  printed  in 
colours  m  different  manners. 

G^gnostical  maps  of  Egypt,  the  Taurus,  the  Eastern 
Sudan,  Syria,  and  Nubia,  annexed  to  Mr.  Busecgger^s 
"  Travels,"  composed,  drawn,  and  engraved  on  stone,  and 
printed  in  many  colours  in  the  Imp.  MiUt.  Qeog,  Instit. 

Environs  of  Vienna  and  Baden,  composed  of  96  sheets, 
executed  on  stone  after  an  original  survey.  Scale  y^. 
The  drawing  of  the  mountains  with  chemical  crayon,  the 
rest  engrav^  on  stone ;  the  different  kinds  of  cultivation 
printed  in  colours. 

(General  map  of  Europe,  by  Scheda,  executed  in  the 
Imperial  Royal  Military  GKK>g.  Instit.,  composed  of  20 
sheets.  The  drawing  of  the  mountains  with  chemical 
crayon,  the  rest  engraved  and  printed  in  colours. 

364  Cebbi,  Cabl,  Officer  in  the  Imperial  Military 

Geographical  Institute,  Tlenna. 
Map  of  Italy  in  eight  sheets,  plain  and  coloured. 


365     Baffblspebgeb,  Fbakz,  Vienna — Patentee  and 

Printer. 
Maps,  with  the  names  in  the  German,  Hungarian,  Bohe- 
mian,  Servian,  lUyrian,   Italian,   French,   and  English 
languages,  executed  by  the  ordinary  printing  press.     Out- 
line maps. 


366  Battaoia,  GirsEPPE,  Venice — Printer. 

Specimens  of  tyjwgrapliy,  with  simple  and  convoni 
biiutiug.  

367  Haase's  Sons,  Gottlieb,  Prague^  Bohemia — 

Printers  and  Type-founders. 
Type  of  various  kinds ;  steel  dies,  matrices,  &c. 


Specimens  of  typography,  in  gold,  silTer,  and  oolovn, 
including  a  Soman  nussal,  Thomas  k  Kempiiy  &c. 

[The  number  of  printing  and  lithographic  eitabiliili- 
ments  in  Austria  has  considerably  increased  of  late  yeuik 
They  amount  in  all  to  400,  of  whidi  160  an  fimnd  m 
Lombardy  and  Venice,  and  65  in  Yiemia.  Tbe  moat  ei- 
tensive  of  these  establishments  are  in  Yienna  and  Pngne. 
First  on  the  list  must  be  noted  the  Court  and  Gtynemmait 
Printing-office  at  Yienna.  The  type-founderiea,  usually  k 
connection  with  the  printing-offices,  not  only  oowr  tbs 
home  demand,  but  also  obtain  a  brisk  thou^  ■mall 
foreign  trade.] 

368  Aenbth,  Joseph,  Director  of  the  Imp.  Nmnianiatao 

and  Antiquarian  Cabinet,  Viemma. 
A  work  on  gold  and  silver  monuments,  by  the  eshibitor 
(as  a  sample  of  the  process  of  oopper-plate  engranng  is. 
Yienna).  

368a        Katbeb,  Josef  Fbanz,  Oraiz^  Sigrim 

Lithographer. 
A  variety  of  maps. 

369  Bauh,  JoHAmr,  Vienna — lithogrsphio  Printsr. 
An  album,  containing  lithographic  copies  from  ongiiia/ 

drawings  by  Yienna  artists. 

Specimens  of  the  various  styles  of  Hthognphy  aad 
printing.  

370  Bebkakn,  Josef,  Vienna — Publisher. 
Lithograplis : — 

Yiews  on  the  banks  of  the  Danube. 
The  Austrian  armies  during  the  course  of  two  centuriBL 
(40  prints.) 
The  Austrian  army  in  1849  (8  prints). 
Statistical  maps  ox  Austria. 


371  Mechetti,  Pietbo  (late  Cablo  Mechxtti), 

Vienna — Publisher. 

Portraits  drawn  from  nature,  by  Kriohuber. 
Music    composed     by    Dessauer,    Spohr,    WiUmoi^ 
Strauss,  Ac.  

372  MOlleb,  H.  F.,  Fieajia— Publisher. 
Freijer^s  map  of  Camiola. 

Illustrations  to  the  llistoiy  of  Austria,  by  Profewor 
Geigor. 

Album  of  the  Yienna  artists. 

Album  of  waltzes  and  national  melodies. 


373  Neumaitn,  T.  L.,  Vienna — Publisher. 
Lithographs : — Portraits,  battle  scenes,  fto. 
Album,  containing  views  of  Yienna. 

374  Steioeb,  J.  Geobo,  Vienna — Manubefcurer. 
Playing-cards,  of  four  sorts,  exhibited  in  a  frame. 
The  frame  by  Jos.  Griller,  of  Yienna.    The  metal 

ments  by  Gottschalk  and  Tjamasch,  Yienna. 

[To  this  branch  of  industry  belongs  also  the  manufrtt- 
ture  of  coloured  and  embossed  papers,  playing  oards^ 
paper-hangings,  pasteboard,  and  papier  mache  wanu 
Almost  the  entire  production  of  these  several  artideBy  with 
the  exception  of  the  last,  belongs  to  Yienna.  Lombardy 
alone  has  established  a  few  paper-hanging  hctoria.  The 
Yienna  articles  are  excellent.  As  to  the  manufiMsCurea  in 
papier  mach^  those  of  Bohemia  are  the  best ;  thoae  of 
Yienna  the  most  elegant.] 

374a        Gbeineb,  M.,  Jlenna — Caligraphist. 

A  Lord's  Prayer,  and  throe  other  specimens  of 
graphy.  

375  SchOtz,  Fbanz,  JTeaaa— Caligrapliist. 
A  caligraphic  tableau. 


AUSTRIA. 


1029 


376    Habeticht,  Auoubt,  Tlenma — ^Dreasing-CMe 

Milker. 
Ladiei*  toOei-UUe,  with  irory  omamenU. 
A  pttintcr^s  eMd. 

Fanej  articles  of  leather,  portfolios,  cassets,  pockets, 
kdies*  and  gentlemen^  oompanions,  trsrelling  Tnedicine 
eigar- bozesy  poftnunmaiea,  IncafiBr-matioh  bozes,  Ac. 


377  Sxunnr,  Wzlhxlm,  Proffue,  Bohemia — 

Bookbinder. 
AbfflcasegOt. 

An  album  with  the  Tiew  of  the  royal  castle  and  oathe- 
dnd  at  Prague. 
FapeCene  in  brown  Telret,  with  gold  strings. 

378  Bbnsl,  a.,  Vienna — ^Manufacturer. 

Fancy- ware  of  wood  and  paper ;  paper  baskets;  screens ; 
letter-weight ;  tableau. 
Hamplea  of  stamped-paper  ornaments. 


379  JoH5X  k  Thixiji,  Vienna — Mannfiicturers. 
Pasteboard  ware :  caskets,  watdi-stands,  pin-cushions, 

gobkCa,Ac 

Stone  pasteboard  ware :  cupa,  baskets,  caskets,  watch- 
standa,  pm-cushions,  Ac. 

380  BxBon,  C.  H.,  FiMHM»— Manufacturer. 
Wafers  of  paper  and  gelatine,  of  different  kinds. 

381  ILutDTinrTH,  L.  &  C,  Bndweie  and  Vienna — 

Manufacturers. 
Black-lead  and  red-dialk  pencils  of  various  kinds,  and 
artificial  slates.      

382  OsonMAinr,  Adolf,  Sckdnlinde^  Bohemia — 

ManufiuTturer. 

Silk-lace,  petinets,  veils,  Ac. 


383     MxnrL*8  Hkibs,  A.,  Baringen^  near  Carlebady 
Bohemia^  and  Vienna — Manufacturers. 

Silk-Iace,  woollen-lace,  of  diiTerent  colours. 
Enihroiflene^,   including  j)ocket-handkerc*hiefs,   ladies* 
dn>»*»,  CTillars,  Ac. 

[The  lace  manufacture  formerly  provided  a  very  im- 
|«>rtant  source  of  employment  for  the  inhabitants  of  North 
R<.»hemia  ;  but,  by  the  discovery  of  the  bobbin-net  frame, 
tlte  Utl*  manufacture  by  hand  has  very  much  declined,  and 
thf  nunib<rr  of  the  inliabitants  of  the  mountain  districts, 
«h^  wf-rr  once  en^ged  in  it,  has  now  fallen  from  about 
X  Ms'sj  to  12,000.  The  cheapness  of  the  articles  produced, 
and  lhi»  evtablishment  of  lace- making  schooU,  whereby  an 
improTrtnent  on  tlie  methods  of  manufacture  could  be 
lt:amed,  have  infused,  of  late  years,  new  life  into  this 
branch  of  industrial  occupation,  but  without  supplying 
•ny  wfll-foundi'd  hope  that  they  will  suffice  to  restore  it 
to  it*  fi>nntT  flourlnhinj?  condition.  In  Upper  and  Lower 
Austria,  in  Silesia,  and  in  Camiola  likewise,  lace  of  ordi- 
nary kinds  is  still  manufai-tured.  Net,  particularly  in 
Vtrfina  and  Bohemia  (more  ei»i)ecially  in  the  district  of 
KjrrJ,  IS  lar^'ly  pnxluced,  and  veils  at  Milan. 

The  jiroductions  of  the  bobbin-net  manufacture  in 
Vimna,  Bohemia,  Moravia,  the  Vorarlberg,  come  in  part 
dinvtly  into  use,  and  in  part  are  previously  elaborated  by 
Urr-work  and  embroidi'ry.  Blonde  embroidery  is  carrieil 
<*n  in  th<»  Erxgebirg.  Fine  embroidery  is  executed  diiefly 
in  tlic  VorarlbiTg  and  also  in  Vienna.] 

.'.-»4     R«"»LZ,  S.,  (7rnjr/i7r,  Bohemia — Manufacturer. 
Silk  h«iT«d«*re  haiidkiTi^hiffs. 

m 

Kfribn»idere<l  canihric  |MH'kii -handkerchiefs. 
Eiulrt^»MkTed  cambric  chemiK'ttes. 


385  ScHLiCK,  Fbanz,  Vienna — MamifK^Uirer. 

A  large  assortment  of  silk-laoe,  petinet,  and  point-net- 
laoe,  bayaderes,  handkerehifA,  veils,  shawls,  scaro,  &o. 

386  BoiO,  JoBXF,  Vienna — Manufacturer. 
Oaahmere  and  embroidered  shawls  and  scarfis. 


387         Lapobta,  H.  F.,  Vienna — ManufiM^urer. 
Embroidered  scarfs  and  handkerohiefSB. 
Mantillas. 
Scarfs. 
Velvet  and  cashmere  shawls. 


388  Bavhofeb,  Franz,  Vienna — Embroiderer. 

The  arms  of  England,  embroidered  with  gold,  silver, 
and  silk.  

389  Beneowits,  Marie,  Vienna — Artistic 

Embroideress. 

An  embroideiy  of  crape-thread  on  white  gros  de  Naples, 
representing  "  Beneficence." 

An  embroidery  of  wool  and  silk,  representing  "the 
grave  of  the  10th  battaUon  of  Jdgers." 

390  FusiNATA,  Maria,  Belluno. 
An  embroidered  carpet. 

390a    Scureier,  Susanna,  Vienna — Manu£M;turer. 
Specimens  of  knitting. 

391  Krach  Brothers,  Prague^  Bohemia — 

Manufacturers. 
A  dress  coat  of  peculiar  workmanship. 
A  double  coat,  that  can  be  worn  on  either  side,  made  of 
a  new  material. 
A  coat  made  of  woollen  stuff,  of  peculiar  cheapness. 
Another  made  of  a  new  woollen  stuff. 


392    Singer,  Joseph,  Peeth^  Hungary — Manufacturer. 
Elastic  dress-coat. 


393  BuDiNSKT,  Anton,  Reichenberg^  Bohemia — 

Manufacturer. 
Hosier}',     including    ladies'     and    gentlemen's     vests, 
trousers,  caps,  shot's,  &c. 

394  Malatinszky,  Emericii,  Miskolz^  Hungary — 

Manufacturer. 
Hungarian  national  dresses,  called  Sziir. 


395       EiGO,  S.,  &  KiiAETScnMAR,  Rima  Szomhath, 
Hungary — Manufact  urers. 

Various  Hungarian  coats  (guba). 
Hungarian  shooting  jackets. 

395a       Nessel,  C,  Oedenburg^  Hungary — Tailor. 
A  coat  and  waistcoat. 


396         Oestheiciiek,  D.,  ^fayk,   Hungary — 

Manufact  iux*r. 
A  white  and  a  grey  Hungarian  cloak  (Guba). 
Hungarian  cloths  (Hallina)  and  rugs. 

.'397  SqnRAMM,  Simon,  HfrmanMladt,  Tramtyhania — 

Weaver. 
Long  veils  for  the  Roman  national  costume. 

39ft      Trade  Union,  Hermannjtfadf^  Tranjfyhania. 

Szdistjcr  rugs.  A  Srarika,  Ix'longing  to  tlie  AVallachian 
national  costume  (pnnluce  of  the  dunjc?tic  industrj'  of  the 
WaUiK-hian  |H*asant  ry ) . 


399 


Seitteh,  Axtoma,  BhiHrt,  Moraria — 
Manufacturer. 
Caps  of  %anous  countries,  inchiding  Nisani,  Megi(Uc, 
Serbian,  and  Polish. 


iOO    EAmtBiHTBS  Comnnriry  (Tho  Gmld  of  Iron 
Miaten),  FonUrtnieri/,  Sigria. 
Soft  pig  icon,  *p*rTf  iron  are,  giingue  etone,  elsgs. 
B&r  iron,  prepared  for  inakjiig  blut«red  etucl. 

401       EOSBB,  CaCttT  GC8T4V,  Von,  Knappenberg, 

EIBore«DeDt  p««ri->par  {eparry  iron  oro)  from  Fleiaoh- 
enatolL 

HesTj-Bpar  (nulpliate  of  barjla)  from  AndfcaskreuK. 

BIBoreHwilt  pearl-apar  from  Friedciibau,  Andreaeknniz, 
and  Magarcthenbao. 

CrTBtallized  aparrj'  ore  from  Ferdinandisfoll. 

Fibrous  sparr;  iron  ore  (hematite)  from  Amireukrcul. 

Calcedonj  with  dendritea,  on  brown  iron  ore,  from  An- 
dretukretu. 

Pe«.rl-iinor,  with  rock  cryital,  from  Andreoakreui. 

Cryetallizcil  calcareous  apar  on  brown  iron  ore,  from 
FerdimtndialoU. 

Cr^itallized  apany  ore  from  ADdmukren*. 

[Austria  atands  in  tho  firat  rank  of  continental  countriea 
in  tbo  production  of  iron,  both  sa  regards  the  quantitj' 
and  qualit;  of  ita  ores,  and  the  antiquitj  of  ila  mines. 

The  iron  productions  of  the  Auatrian  empin'  may  be 
divided  into  that  of  the  Alpbo  countries  (Styria,  the 
Tyrol,  CamioU,  Upper  and  Lower  Austria,  and  Lom- 
bardy)  ;  of  the  mountain  districts  of  Bohemia,  Uoraiia, 
and  Silesia:  and  of  tho  Carpatiiian  countnea  (lIungBiy, 
Oalicia,  and  Tramiylvania).  The  nature  of  the  ore  in 
liohemia  and  Uoravia,  as  also  in  the  Carpathian  countries, 
is  more  lit  for  the  production  of  cast  iron  and  nrticlei 
made  from  the  same,  wtiilat  tho  Alpine  countries  luce 
mainly  devoted  Ihj^mselTee  to  the  production  of  ateel  and 
wrought  iron. 

Tlio  Eihibition  affords  a  contptchcnsiie  idea  of  this 
important  dopartmtnit  of  Austrian  induatrjr.  Almoat 
BTcry  port  of  it  is  represented ;  Bohemia,  Morayia,  Slyria, 
Lover  Aiutris,  the  lyro'i  Camiola,  and  Carinlhia,  having 
acut  specimEniB  of  their  several  iron  productions,  com- 
mencing with  the  raw  produce  in  diSL-rcnt  atages  of 
prepiiratioD ;  noit  follow  the  sheet  iron  and  wires,  and 
finally  the  Snished  manufaeturea. 

Tho  Austrian  iron,  and  partitulorlj  the  Anstrian  steel 
(called  in  England  "  Milan  steel")  is  acknowhilged  to  be 
of  superior  ijtudityi  in  consoquence  of  which  stf  great  a 
demand  for  the  latter  tins  been  created  abroad,  lliat  the 
manuiacturcn  of  acjthcs,  among  otlicn,  complain  of  want 
of  material. 

Hitherto  cliarconl  lis*  been  moBlly  used  in  the  iron 
works,  hut  coaU  ore  bi^'nning  to  take  its  place ;  and  also 
all  the  new  improvements  in  smelting  and  redoing  are 
being  adoplpd.] 


402  E&OEtt,  CorNT  GuBtav  Von,  HiiiteHhtrg,  Trtibach, 
a«d  Oberfftlath,  CariiUkia. 
Pie  iron,  cast  stwl,  brcscia,  and  die  stcoL 
Nails  for  Iho  Leimil. 


40IJ      EAFBcniB  CoupANT,  Troxwobes,  si.  Veil, 
Hrjf,  aid  MotiHiU,  Carinlhia. 
Pieeo  of  iron  ore,  wliile  and  rvQned  sooriic  and  fWet- 


At)i  CiiniSTXLSisi>'«,  Ci 
Eberilr 
Brown  irnn-sloue. 
Brown  Bud  heavy  apar. 
Wliitc  cast-iron  fur  making  sted. 
Fine  metal  for  puddling. 
Orey  metal  for  casting. 


405      Zoiso,  Widow  Cabl,  Irohwobei,  Xotftacft, 

CarintHa, 
Iron  ores,  pig  iron,  bar  iron,  steel,  and  saw  stceL 


■06        KOBsrcn,  Jooakn,  Siinobanjia,  Rtmgary. 

Anfcerit  iron  ore,  raw,  lud^  and  mtirel;  efiloicsccnt,  also 
uasted. 

Samples  of  pig  iron  produced  fr^im  these  oroe. 


07         IUFSBIAL  SxBLTDiG  WoB^   FUierwte  ami 

ZnmbacA,  TVroi. 
Befined  atijel,  spring  ateol,  and  east  steoi. 
Cast-atecl  for  scythe  blades,  refined  steel  mn<i  spring- 

'—'  "—-1  Jonbaeh.     Sporn"  ' "  " 

□  and  steel  fix>m  F 


408      DepAt  of  tue  Impsbial  Iboh  Hikks  ixo 
Ibon  Wokes,  Oim. 

Various  specimons  of  cast  sl«el  from  diObrent  oma  of 
Styria.    Slags  and  scorice  of  the  same. 

Specimens  of  sparry  iron  ore,  with  some  from  HariairiL 

Specimens  of  steel  from  Weyer :  raw ;  eliisid  ;  poliabed 
and  common  shear ;  mill-steel,  single,  doable^  tnpls,  and 
quadruple  welded ;  and  die,  and  Brescion  triplc-hardeiMd. 

Specuncns  of  iron  for  hoops,  tnunroads,  wheels,  walh 
nnils,  rails,  &e. 

Spceimens  of  uiatrii,  spring,  tack,  and  Bugle  iron. 

Sperimens  of  reSned  iron,  puddled  iron,  uieet  iron,  pg 
iron,  and  cast  iron  of  various  sorts. 

[To  the  Austrian  monarchy,  by  lor  the  most  important 
of  all  the  varioua  branches  of  its  mining  wealth  anl 
industry  ia  that  of  its  iron,  whether  it  be  considered  il 
rcferenco  to  the  eitemivo  development  it  has  (Iraaily 
received,  or  the  still  more  cnconragrng  prospects  of  its 
(uturo  enlargement,  which  only  requires  [nvpcr  rare  do- 
voted  to  it,  and  the  many  mistakes  which  at  present  Bttmd 
its  management,  to  be  abandoned.  The  pig  iron  of  An»- 
tria  ia  smelted  in  2S7  blast  fiimacea ;  ao  that,  on  aa 
averagt',  more  than  12,500  cwt.  are  tho  produes  of  odi  of 
these  works  annually.  Tho  cast  iron  is  run,  for  the  most 
part,  direct  from  the  blast  fumaecs  into  the  ""w-t-V 
Iron  of  the  second  costing  ia  |Hvduocd  in  thittj-seicB 
cupola  and  nine  reverburstory  fumaecs,  and  is  Ins  eo- 
siderable  in  quantity.  During  the  period  from  IBU  t* 
18-17,  tho  imports  of  iron  ore'ond  pig  iron,  including  aonli 
iron,  were,  on  an  average,  respectively  50,381  cwt.  ad 
24,557  cwt.,  tlie  exports  of  iron  ore  being  9,078  cwt.  Bod  «l 
scrap  iron  5,110  cwt.  Tlie  produetion  of  malleable  im^ 
including  llw  amoiuit  yielded  by  all  the  nrious  metbodt 
and  proecsBi-s  applied  lo  dilTcrcDl  kinds,  and  tor  aanuriag 
ihiTercnt   degrees   of  finenem,   exceeds  two  milHon  cwt. 

The  produetion  of  steel  amounts  to  287,300  cwt. 

The  production  of  this  quantity  of  st«el  requim  thl 
eonvcnion  of  368,000  ewt.  of  pig  iron,  still  leavii^  DpoB 
the  whole  yield  of  tho  tatter  ■  surplus  of  201,000  ewt. 
But  from  this  eurplus  we  must  deduct  150,000  cwt,  wluA 
are  melted  down  in  the  cupola  and  reverlxTatoiy  fimiacM- 
Tlie  balance  of  trade  in  malleahio  iron  and  steel  is  ia 
favour  of  Auslrio. 

To  ttie  production  of  cast-iron  by  the  bkut  lura•ea^ 
amounting  to  413,871  ewt.,  must  be  added,  as  hM  be« 
already  ohserrcd,  tlut  from  the  cupola  and  tbo  lerorba- 
ratory  funuKes.  Those  work  150,000ewt.  of  pigiroii,>ald 
deliveraboutl36,000cwt.ofcastiron.  AlnuHt the wbi4« of 
tho  malleable  iron  produced  (amounting  to  8,243,000  owt.) 
must  be  retained  for  further  manu&eluring  piiBiiaaui  &l 
.Austria,  seeing  that  the  amiual  ntosaa  of  expofta  artf 
imports  of  this  article  ia  not  more  than  l,0It3  ewt.    Oa 


AUSTRIA. 


1051 


the  other  hand,  the  stock  of  steel  remaining  to  the  Aus- 
trian nunu^Mturer  was  leduoed  to  201,000  cwt.  by  the 
excess  of  exports  orer  imports,  86,350  cwt.] 

409  EoosB,  Count  Ferdivaxd  Yon,  lAppUxhaeh^ 

CaritUhia. 
Paddled  hoop,  square,  and  rod  iron. 
Rolled  steel  lor  hand  and  machine  saws. 
Hard  plate  iron  for  cementing. 

410  EoosB,  CocDTT  F.  YoK,  Treibaeh,  Carinthia, 

A  sdeetkm  of  Bresdan  steel,  including  cast,  accialon, 
fir,  and  scythe  steel. 

411  TdPPXR,  AiTDRSAS,  ScheibhSf  Lower  Augtria. 
If  oop  and  rod  iron.    Sheet-iron. 

Ship,  tender-roofing,  and  tubing  sheet^iron. 

Welded  tubes  for  manometers,  and  water   and  gas 

412  FOMTit.VBBBQ,  Fbikcs,  AUhUtteny  Neuhutiet^, 

Ratiok  amd  Neujoaehimttkaly  Bohemia. 

Tarioos  samples  of  wrought  and  stretched  iron,  round 
and  flat-angle  iron,  carriage-spring  iron,  ploughshares, 
spring-iron,  sheet-iron  for  boilers,  wrought  lathe-spindles. 

Sereral  cast-iron  stores  and  monuments. 

Coloisal  crucifix,  chains,  bedstead,  balcony,  &c 

413  KsmEKiCH,  Pbikob,  PUu^  Bohemia, 
GMtt-iitm  store  decorated  with  hunting  subjects. 

414  BouQUOi,  CovKT,  KaUich  Foundry,  Bohemia. 
Hoop-iron,  round  bar-iron^  sheet-iron,  &c. 

415  AKDRAS8T,  Coui^  Gbobo,  Der%5y  Hungary, 
Hoop-iron  stretched  by  charcoal-gas  loops. 

416  OrKK  Chaptsb*8  FovyDBT,  St  Magdalena, 

Carinthia, 
Tarioos  kinds  of  steel : — ^Brescia  steeL    Steel  for  files 
and  scythes. 

[Of  the  diflWent  branches  of  this  department  of  metal 
manufartures,  those  that  are  conducted  on  a  large  scale 
serm  to  deserve  most  attention.  Among  these,  the  first 
that  presents  itself  to  notice  is  the  manufacture  of  scythes, 
sickles,  and  chafl*-cutter8.  The  produce  of  179  scythe 
heiona  was  4,000,000  of  scythes,  1,600,000  sickles,  and 
90,000  chaff*-cutters :  these  articles,  on  account  of  their 
excellent  quahty,  hare  found  their  way  into  all  parts  of 
the  world.  Tlic  manufacture  of  pans,  boilers,  and  kettles, 
on  in  50  establishments,  turns  out  25,000  cwt.  of 
The  manufacture  of  wire  is  of  greater  import- 
ance, and  is  carried  on  at  100  factories,  producing  about 
80,0r)0  cwt.  The  manufacture  of  nails  is  also  rery  ex- 
tensirely  carried  on,  and  amounts  to  60,000  cwt.  Tlie 
smaller  workshops,  appropriated  to  other  manufiactiux^ 
in  iron,  produce  files,  knives,  hatchets,  shovels,  sword- 
bladea,  gun-barrels,  and  various  other  articles,  give  em- 
plorment  to  more  than  60,000  persons  (of  whom  about 
15,000  are  masttrr;*) ;  and  supjwrt  150,000  individuals, 
mrluHirg  the  membtTS  of  the  families  of  those  employed.] 


417     ScHWAB/.ENBEBO,  Princk,  MuraUy  Upper  Sit/ria, 
Paal  steel,  Brescian  steel,  Styrian  steel,  and  hard  iron. 
Befixied  steeL     Soft  iron  for  bUstered  sti'el. 


41  rt       Pfeiffkb,  Josep,  Spitzenbach,  ^PP^^  Sty  Ha. 
Shear  Brescian  steel. 
Steel  for  scvthes  and  mills. 


419    Thuexschelz,  Cofxt  Oeoro  Vox,  Klagenfurty 

Carinthia. 
Various  kinds  of  steel  and  iron  for  nails. 


420  FisCHEB,  AyTON,  8t,  Egidi,  Lower  Austria, 
Iron  ore  and  pig  iron.    Spring  stoeL 

Various  samples  of  rolled  bar  iron. 
An  assortment  of  iron  vvire. 
285  samples  of  files. 

421  FiSCHSB,  Bebth,  Traieen,  Lower  Austria — 

Manufacturer. 

Various  articles  of  cast  steel,  including  spindles  for 
spinning  establishments,  &c 

Articles  of  malleable  cast  iron,  such  as  gun-locks; 
broken  pieces,  to  show  the  grain,  and  its  yielding  nature. 

422  LDn>H£Uf,  H.  D.,  Josephiphutte,  near  Plan, 

Bohemia, 
Bailroad  rails.    Bar,  hoop,  and  rod  iron. 

423  W6LLEB8DOBP  TiN  Platb  Wobks,  Wdllersdoff, 

Lower  Austria, 
Tinned  sheet  iron.    Embossed  and  chased  tin  moulds. 


424  Kleist,  Babon  Von,  Neudeck,  Bohemia, 

Ghitter  pipes.    Thin  sheet  iron,  called  Sengler's  iron 
post  paper. 

425  EOOEB,  CJOTTNT  F.  Yon,  FeistrUz,  Carinthia, 
Musical  strings,  cording,  curry-comb,  bed-springs,  and 

pit-rope  wires.     Fine,  mi^lle,  and  ordinary  wire. 

426  FISCHBB  &  WuBM,  St,  Egidi,  Lower  Austria 

— Patentees  and  Manufacturers. 
Difierent  descriptions  of  iron- wire  rope. 

427  Ebsbstalleb  k  Sohindleb,  Stadt  Steyer, 

Upper  Austria — Manufjacturers. 
Ordinary  and  fine  iron  wire.    Wire  for  musical  strings. 
Saws. 

428  nuEBEB,  FdANZ,  Josephsthal,  Styria. 
Difierent  kinds  of  iron  and  steel  wire. 


429  SCHEDL,  Cabl,  Wasserlug  and  Frauenthal, 

Lower  Austria. 
BoUs  of  different  kinds  of  iron  wire.     Steel  wire. 
Ordinarj',  middling,  and  fine  wire.     Spring  wire. 

430  Salm,  Phince,  Blansko,  Moravia. 
Ornamental   bronzed   street -lamp,  designed  by  B.  di 

Bemardis,  in  Vienna,  represented  in  the  engraving, 
p.  1032. 

Cast-iron  statue — Field-marshal  Coimt  Radetzky,  mo- 
delled by  Femkema. 

Four  cast-iron  statues,  representing  heroes  from  the 
Nibelungen  Lied,  modelled  by  Femkom. 

431  Albrecut,  ABcnDUKE,  Trzinietz,  near  Teschen, 

Silesia. 

Cast-iron  pots  and  pans,  with  non-metallic  enamelling. 

432  Baetelmus  BEOTnEKS,  &  Bernuardi, 
Neu-Joachimsthaij  Bohemia — Manufaet urers. 

Cast-iron  cooking  apparatus,  with  non-metalUc  ena- 
melling. 

llorse-manger,  &c. 


433  Pleischl,   Adolph,    Vienna — Patentee  and 

Manufacturer. 
Sheet -iron   saucepans,    boilers,    and   cups,   with    non- 
met  aUic  enameUing. 

434  KiTSCHELT,  ArorsT,  Jlenna — Manufacturer. 
Various  metal  articles,  viz. : — A  vase,  a  cross,  and  two 

candlesticks,  cast  in  iron,  from  the  drawings  of  F.  Stache, 
in  Vienna. 

Table,  cast  in  zinc.  This  table,  with  the  candlesticks, 
&c.,  is  represented  in  the  Plate. 

Flower- vase  of  bronze,  cast  in  one  piece. 


Toilet-teble,  fenteuils,  and  chain  of  hollow  wroucht- 
iron  tubes,  with  caat-iron  onumenta.  A  group  of  tlma 
aiticlM  i*  MptMonted  id  the  Flate  163. 

[The  manufachire  of  articles  in  pewt«r,  lead,  copprr, 
bnaa,  pinchbeck,  bell-metal,  Qerman  nlTsr,  aDwta,  bronie, 
gilt,  ailTered  and  plated  metali,  has  its  prindpal  seat  in 
Tienns.  Tbej  are  either  articles  for  qhi  or  omammt. 
The  former,  of  copper,  brass,  &&,  are  rery  tubatantiallj 
made,  and  not  011I7  sup[dy  the  home  matkat,  but  are  i1m 
eitenuTelj  exported.  The  export  trade  of  Vienna  in 
gdd  and  silver  hucj  articles  haa  for  some  years  brcn 
considerable,  great  taste  having  been  combined  vitb 
solidilf  ■  Also,  the  manobcture  of  cast  and  emboiMd 
articles  of  bronze,  gilt,  is  flourishing,  and  gives  employ- 
ment to  a  Urge  number  of  Torkpeopls.] 


435  BooBB,  J.  B.,  TUlaeh,  ConMOM— Uanobduiw. 
RoU  of  prosed  le«den  pip«^  1,800  fiiet  long,  in  one  pinx^ 

wwghing  983  lbs. 

^o  pieces  of  preased  leaden  pipes  (tinned). 

These  leaden  pipes  are  especiallj  worthy  of  obserration, 
on  account  of  their  great  length,  tbinnesa,  and  equalilj. 
Tbey  can  be  made  of  any  length. 

436  HiBSCHB,  Fbuiz,  BrUnn,  Moravia. 


Samples  of  ornaments  and  letters. 


437      Waonir,  FsAifz,  JV^raa — Manubctnrer. 
Strong  box  of  polished  sted,  weighing  STO  Iba. 


439    DirniiCH,  Joaira,  Buoit,  ^Uat«m4t»-a»»- 


Buseiao  scythes. 
[The  unportance  (tf  these  articles,  aa  wdl  as  the  po- 
minent  position  of  the  manufrcton  of  than  in  Anabia, 
is  generally  known.  The  Austrisi  soytlw  and  ridd* 
find  tlieir  way  into  almost  every  ooontiy  in  Europe,  and 
also  across  the  Atlantic.  The  reason  of  thia  ia  t«  be 
found  in  the  excellence  of  the  material,  the  lowness  ot 
price,  and  the  care  with  whidi  they  have  been  made  for 


The  principal  seat  of  the  mannhrtare  m  Upper  and 
Lower  Austria,  Styria,  and  part  of  the  l^rol,  which 
liimidl  nearly  three-fourths  of  the  whole  namb«r  made. 

Sladt  Sleyr,  in  Upper  Austria,  alone  funuBhes  an- 
nually nearly  two  million  scythes  and  sioUes ;  and  the 
whole  production  of  142  worka  in  the  monatrrh;  (not 
including  34  scythe-foctories  in  Lombardy)  amounta  to 
about  seven  million  scythes,  sickles,  and  straw-cutters. 

SpecHmens  are  exhibited  of  vaiioua  shapes  and  siies 
used  in  the  different  oountriee.] 

440 


GatT,  AulIB,  Erl,  near  SmfUei*,  Tgrttl — 
Manufocturer 
A  variety  of  scythes. 


441     Qkabbr,  Johbfb,  Wttr,  UiUmimiMal,  3yvl — 

Manuiacturer. 
of  scythe*. 


442   QBAOas,  Johank,  FSmtimg,  7^/Ttil — Mani 
of  scythes. 


43       HiKBKBNBEBOED,  OOTTT.IFB,  Lronttfin,  MTOT 

Stadt  Sttyr,  Upprr  AtuUria—" 

Various  scythes. 


AUSTRIA. 


ia33 


444  OFmm,  J.  M.,  WcHfifberg^  CariiUhia— 

Manu&cturora. 
Diierait  kinds  of  icjthes  and  sickles. 

445  PAXn,  SsBASTiAy,  Sekalchen,  ne<ur  Mattighofen^ 

Upper  Austria — Manu&ctiirer. 
8(7the  tnd  MiafT-cutter  of  Styrian  steeL 

446  Pnz,  JoHAinr,  MtUUerau,  in  the  ZiUerihal,  T^rol 

— MmuCMjiuivr. 
DiffRvnt  kinds  of  scythes. 

447  Fnrz,  Thomas,  Kleinboden^  2yro^— Manufacturer. 
An  sssortnient  of  scythes. 

448    WxmnnsTni,  6K>ttlisb,  SpiUU-on-tke-Pyhm — 
Upper  AuHria — Manufiu^turer. 
Various  scythes  and  sickles,  of  Innerberg,  and  east 


449    Wmnnnsm,  Joskf,  Bruktkal,  near  LeonHeim^ 
Upper  Auetria — Manufacturer. 
An  assortment  of  scjrthes. 


450  ZnTLnrosB,  Josbph,  ^piitU-on-the-Pykm, 

Upper  Anetria — ^Manufiicturer. 
DifSnmt  kinds  of  scythes. 

451  ZnTLnroiBy  Josxph  Alois,  EppenHein^  Styria— 

Manufacturer. 
Different  kinds  of  scathes  as  used  in  East  Prussia, 
Franoe,  and  Saxony. 

452  ZnaoBiCAinr's  Hubs,  Bsbtuna,  Mairkofen  in  the 

ZiOtraal,  Tyrv^-Manufiutuier. 
An  assortment  of  s^ihes. 

453  FnjyBAvnB,  Pim,  TrofoQoi^  Styria-- 

ManufiK!turer. 
TarioDS  kinds  of  piekaxes,  hatchets,  axes,  shorels,  hoes, 


4.>4    LoBKOWirr,  Pbixcb  Fxbdinaitd,  MixnitZy  Styria, 
Various  kinds  of  shorels  and  hoes. 


455     ScHViDLlHinaL,  Jorasts,  Nenzeug^  near  Stadt 

Steyr — Manufikcturer. 
hatchets. 


45#>  BmsKT,  Couyx,  Lisntz,  Moravia. 

Various  kinds  of  iron-wire  tacks,  and  ornamental  wire 
tarks  for  decoration,  &c. 


4ol     Ebiibt,  Pstkb,  Stadt  Sieyry  Upper  Austria — 

Manofiicturer. 
Tacks  and  brads  (shoe-nailn)  ansorted. 

4.%^     Falitf,  Michajcl,  SiaM  5/<yr— Manufacturer. 
Various  kinds  of  forged  nails. 

459  Laxdol,  Leopold,  Stadt  5/^yr— Manufacturer. 
Iron  nails  of  different  kinds,  made  by  machinery. 

460  VwoiBT,  Ayrox,  Stadt  5/<yr— Manufacturer. 
Tacks  and  brads  (shoe-nails)  assorted. 

4^1     Weidl,  Michael,  Stadt  5/^r— Manufacturer. 
An  asaoftnient  of  nails,  made  by  machinery. 

462     Halleb,  Alots,  Seuzeug^  near  Stadt  Steyr— 

Manufacturer. 
Brass  rings  of  difiercnt  kind«. 

4^      Kbaxowithee,  Joi}f.f,  Xeuzeu/fy  near  Stadt 

Stryr — Manufacturer. 
Pinchhcrk  ringn  of  diHerent  kinds. 


464  PoiGEB,  Fbiedbigh,  stadt  Steyr — Manu&cturer. 
(German-silver  rings  of  different  kinds. 

465  Kimz,  Casl,  Stadt  iS^r— Manufacturer. 
Snaffle,  curb,  and  buckles  for  horses. 


466    KoLLBB,  Fbakz,  Steinbachy  near  Stadt  Steyr— 

Manufiicturer. 
Curry-combs  of  different  kinds. 


467  MiTTBRBEBOEB,  JoHANK,  Sieminghofen,  near 

Stadt  Steyr, 
Shoe  tips  and  heelB. 

468  Roro,  Joabph,  Neuzeugy  near  Stadt  Steyr— 

Manufieu!turor. 
Steels  for  striking  lights,  of  different  kinds. 


469      Oeabneb,  Feanz,  MoUny  near  Stadt  Steyr— 

Muiufj^turer. 
Jews'  harps,  of  brass  and  iron. 


470  SCHWABZ,  Cabl,  Mollny  near  Stadt  Steyr— 

Manufacturer. 
Jews*  harps. 

471  ScHWABZ,  Fbanz,  senior,  Moling  near  Stadt 

Steyr — Manu&ctur^. 
Jews'  harps.      

472  ScHWABZ,  Pbanz,  junior,  MoUny  near  Stadt 

Steyr — Manu&cturer. 
Jews'  harps.      ^ 

473  ScHWABZ,  Iqnatz,  MxMn^  near  Stadt  Steyr— 
Jews'  harps. 

474  Blumaueb,  Wilhelm,  Stadt  Steyr — 

Manufacturer. 
Bells  for  horses,  of  different  kinds. 


475  ToMABCHiTZ,  Joseph,  Veldesy  Upper  CamiJa — 

Manufacturer. 
Bells   of  various   kinds  for  cattle ;    used   among   tlie 
Alpine  agriculturists  of  Tjrol,  Styria,  Carinthia,  and  Car- 
niola. 

476  Pflkidereb,  JoHANN,  Stadt  Steyr — Manufacturer. 
Scales  (balances)  of  brass. 


477  Strunz's  Widow,  Joseph,  llenna — Manufacturer. 
Samples  of  pins,  needles,  and  buckles. 


478        Cassel,  Johann,  ITpwwa— Manufacturer. 

Shot-bags,  powder-flasks,  powder-measure,  i>ercussion- 
cap  cases,  hunting-pipe,  fox-traps,  lucifer-niatcli-boxcs, 
travelling  lucifer-matcli-boxes,  writing  utensils,  kc. 


479  BrCHBKROER,  Josef,  Stadt  5^^yr-^ Manufacturer. 
Awls  of  different  kinds. 


480    Derfler,  Johaxx,  Neuzeiigy  near  Stadt  Steyr — 

Manufacturer. 
Awls  of  different  kinds. 


481     Diltsch,  Johann,  Stadt  Steyr — Manufacturer. 
Awls  of  different  kinds. 


482      Hauser,  Josep,  Stadt  Steyr — Manufacturer. 
Gimlets  of  diffcnnit  kinds. 


483 


KettenhCber,  Josef,  Stadt  Steyr — 
Manufacturer. 
Awls  of  different  kinds. 


1034 


AUSTRIA. 


484        KOLM,  JoHANir,  Siadi  Sieyr — Manufactimnr. 
Awls  of  different  kinds. 


485        Mbtz,  Gbobo,  Stadi  Steifr—Mxaxj&ctuier. 
Gimlets  of  different  kinds. 


486     MOLTESEB,  Cajtetax,  Siermnghofen^  near  Stadi 

8te^ — Manufacturer. 
Awls  of  different  kmds. 


487     MoLTSBEB,  Chbisostohus,  Neuzeng^  near  Stadt 

Steyr — Manufacturer. 
Awls  of  different  kinds. 


488    MoLTEBEB,  OeObo,  Stodt  iSS^^r— Manu£Bu;turer. 
Awls  of  different  kinds. 


490 


MoLTEBEB,  Mathiab,  Neuzeuff^  near  Stadt 
Steyr — Manufacturer. 
Awls  for  shoemakers  and  saddlers. 


49 1    MoLTEBEB,  ViNCEirz,  Neuzetiff,  near  Stadt  Steyr— 

ManufiK?turer. 
Awls  of  different  kinds. 


492     NoTHHAPT,  Fbanz,  Neuzeug^  near  Stadt  Steyr— 
Awls  of  different  kinds. 


493     Beindl,  JoHAyN,  Stadt  iS!^eyr— Manufacturer. 
G-imlets  of  different  kinds. 


494  Teuplicaybb,  Cabl,  Stadt  iS^d^yr— Manufacturer. 
A  vice,  screw-stock,  dies,  and  taps. 

495  Beteb,  Anton,  Stadt  Steyr— Mams&ctxaer. 
An  assortment  of  files  and  rasps. 

496  Lechneb,  Matihas,  Stadt  iS^^r— Manufacturer. 
Files  and  rasps  of  different  kinds. 

497  NussBAUVEB,  Leopold,  Stadt  Steyr— 

ManufiK^turer. 
Files  and  rasps. 


498  Pbeitleb,  Mathias,  Stadt  iS^r— Manufacturer. 
Files  and  rasps  of  different  kinds. 

499  Reichl,  Josep,  Stadt  Steyt^-^nnMhctuier. 
Files  of  different  kinds. 


500  SoNHLEiTHinBB,  Akton,  Stadt  Steyr— 

Manufacturer. 
Files  and  rasps  of  different  kinds. 


501     Unzeitio,  Fbanz,  Stadt  5'^<!yr— Manufiicturcr. 
Files  and  rasps  of  various  kinds. 

501a    Fischeb,  Geobo,  Hainfeld^  Lower  Austria — 

Manufacturer. 
Files  and  crucibles. 


502     Vateb,  Fbanz,  Neuzeug^  near  Stadt  Steyi 

Manufacturer. 
FUes  of  different  kinds. 


503        Alstebbeboeb,  Johann,  Stadt  Steyr— 

Manufacturer. 
Knives  and  forks  of  different  kinds. 

[The  manufacture  of  cutleiy  in  Austria  has  its  principal 
seat  in  Stadt  Steyr,  Upper  Austria,  and  its  neighbour- 
hood. Not  only  the  great  extent  and  importance  of  the 
manufacture,  but,  above  all,  the  excellent  quality  of  the 
article  and  the  extraordinarily  low  price,  have  brought  the 
cutlery  of  Stadt  Steyr  into  almost  universal  use  thiough- 


out  the  monarchy,  and  made  all  competition  in  the  lower 
and  middling  kinds  of  table  knives  and  forks  and  podxt 
knives  almost  impossible. 

The  wares  universally  known  under  the  name  of 
**  Steyr  Cutlery"  are  not  produced  by  large  manufiio- 
turing  establishments,  but  principally  by  small  mastor 
cutlers ;  and  the  division  of  labour,  with  respect  to  the 
handles,  rivets,  and  blades,  has  been  in  practice  for  many 
years.  A  series  of  specimens  of  those  knives  and  iarka 
which  are  principally  in  demand  is  exhibited,  and  atten- 
tion must  be  drawn  more  to  the  quality  and  cheapnets 
of  the  articles  than  to  their  finish. 

The  manufacture  has  greatly  increased,  partiailarly  in 
the  past  year. 

Of  fijie  cutlery,  specimens  are  exhibited  from  some 
establishments  in  Steyr,  as  well  as  from  Nixdcn^  Bohemia. 

Stadt  Steyr  abo  produces  weapons,  &c,  on  a  large 
scale,  and  some  samples  are  exhibited. 

Finer  kinds  of  cutting  tools  are  made  in  TieniiA,  Tim«^ 
and  other  towns  in  large  quantities.] 


504      Baueb,  Josep,  Steinbach^  near  Stadt  Steyr — 

Manufacturer. 
Pocket-knives  of  different  kinds. 


505      Bley,  Jacob,  Stadt  Steyr — ^Manu&ctuier. 
Bazors  of  different  kinds. 


506  Bbehlmateb,  Josep,  Stadt  Steyr — ^Manufacturar. 
Bazors  of  different  kinds. 


507  BiTBENnSEi,  Josep,  Hermanngtadty  lirMsylwMmia 

— Majiufacturer. 
Ghu-den  knives,  &c. 


508    Dattcheb,  Stepan,  UntefgrMnbufg,  near  Stadt 

Steyr — Manufacturer. 
Knives  and  forks  dt  different  kmds. 


509     Debnbebgeb,  Fbakz,  Or^nbury^  near  Stadt 

Steyr — Manufiicturer. 
Cbrden  knives  of  different  kinds. 


510    DiETZL,  Mathias,  Sieminykofen,  near  Stadt 

Steyr — Manufacturer. 
Table  knives  and  forks  of  different  lands. 


51 1       DOPPLEB,  Adam,  Sieminghofin^  near  Stadt 

Steyr — Manufacturer. 
Knives  and  forks  of  different  kinds. 


512    F5BSTEB,  Leopold,  Nenzeny^  near  Stadt  Steyr— 

Manufacturer. 
Knives  of  different  kinds. 


513     Fbenkneb,  Anton,  Sieminyhofen,  near  Si4idt 

Steyr — Manu&cturer. 
Table  knives  of  different  kinds. 


514     FbOhlich,  Cabl,  St^nhachy  near  Stadt  Sf^yr 

— Manufacturer. 
Pocket-knives  of  different  kinds. 


515    FBdnuCH,  JoHANN,  Steinbaeh,  near  Stadt  Steyr 

— Manu&cturer. 
Pocket-knives  of  various  kinds. 


516     GbOnwald,  Josep,  Nemeuy,  near  Stadt  Steyr 

— Manufacturer. 
Table  knives  of  different  kinds. 


51 7      Haindl,  Anton,  Stadt  /^^eyr— Manufacturer. 
Knives  and  forks  of  different  kinds. 


AUSTRU. 


1035 


518     HBUt,  Alotb,  Sitrmmffkofem,  near  8tadi  Steyr 

— Mannfiictarer. 
KiuTW  of  diflbrent  kind«. 


519      HorXB,  Phiupp,  Siermnffhofin,  near  Stadi 

Sieyr — Manufacturer. 
Tibl*  kmrat  of  different  kinds. 


520  KAimncABK,  Pitxb,  Linz^  Upper  AueMa, 

— Mannfifccturer, 
Baiow,  and  an  aasortment  of  kniyes  and  scissors. 

521  KikhTiTB,  Jo6SF,  Sieminghofen^  near  Stadt 

SiejfT — ICanufacturer. 
TiUe  kntnes  and  forks  of  different  kinds. 


522     Kravawittkr,  JoHAinr,  Newceug,  near  Stadt 

Stewr — Manufacturer. 
Kntres  of  various  kinds. 


523     LiCHTL,  JoHAinr,  Stadt  Steyr — Manufacturer. 
Knnres  and  forks  of  different  kinds. 


524   LnayKS,  Frikduch,  Stadi  ^S^cyr— Manufacturer. 
Denert  knires  and  forks  of  different  kinds. 


525    LaflcmDTKOHL,  Caul,  FraHenbach^  near  Stadt 

Stegr — Manufacturer. 
Knires  of  different  kinds. 


526    LfiaCHSsrsonL,  Johakk,  Steinbaek,  near  Stadt 

Si^r — Manufacturer. 
Pod^et-kniTes  of  rarious  kinds. 


527     Madibbaxck,  MiCHiJSL,  Sleinbachy  near  Stadt 

Sieyr — Manufacturer. 
Pod^et-knives  of  various  kinds. 


528    MnxxB,  Boktald,  Steinbach,  near  Stadt  Steyr 

— Manufacturer. 
PodEet-knives  of  rarious  kinds. 


OSEP,  Sen.,  S/adl  Stet/r — Manufacturer. 
Tjanoe^  hangers,  hunting  kmvc:»,  and  swords  of  different 
kinds. 

530       MiTTEB,  JosEP,  Stadt  Steyr — Manufacturer. 
Xnircs,  razors,  and  scissors  of  different  kinds. 


53 1      MofilB,  Ajf TOjr,  Sierninghoftn^  near  Stadt  Steyr 

— Manufacturer. 
Pocket-knires  of  different  kinds. 


532       MoflKB,  AWTON,  Steinbach,  near  Stadt  Stet/r 

— Manufacturer. 
Peoknires  of  different  kinds. 


533        MofiEB,  Carl,  Steinbach,  near  Stadt  Stei/r 

— Man  ofuct  un*r. 
KiuTCtf  and  forks  of  different  kinds. 


534       3I06EB,  FiLiNZ,  Steinbach,  near  Stadt  Steyer 

— Manufacturer. 
Knires  of  different  kinJ*}. 


535     M^JSEB,  Oeoro,  Sifminghofpn^  near  Stadt  Steyr 

— Manufact  urer. 
Puckct-kniree  of  diHerent  kinds. 


530       Mo«ER,  J06EP,  Steinbach  J  near  Stadt  Steyr — 

A[anufacturcr. 
An  assortment  of  knives. 


637     MosEB,  JoHAN'N,  Sieminghofeny  near  Stadt  Steyr 

— Manufa^'t  urer. 
Table  knires  of  different  kinds. 


538  OSTEBBSBGEB,  LEOPOLD,  St<idt  Steyr — 

Manufacturer. 
Knires  of  different  kinds. 


539     PiCHLEB,  JonAiTN,  Neuzeug^  near  Stadt  Steyt 

Manufacturer. 
Knires  of  different  kinds. 


540         Pii£,  Cabl,  Neuzeug,  near  Stadt  Steyi 

Manufacturer. 
Knires  and  forks  of  different  kinds. 


541         P1L8S,  FSAXZ,  Neuzeug^  near  Stadt  Steyt 

Manufacturer. 
Knires  of  different  kinds. 


542       PiLSS,  OOTTPRIED,  Sieminghofen^  near  Stadt 

Steyr — Manufeu^urer. 
Pocket-knires  of  different  kinds. 


543      PiLSS,  Michael,  Newteug^  near  Stadt  Steyr — 

Manufacturer. 
Knires  and  forks  of  different  kinds. 


544      Pessl,  Gottlieb,  Siemingho/en,  near  Stadi 

Steyr — Manufacturer. 
Knires  of  different  kinds. 


545      PiCHLEB,  JoHANN,  Sieminghofen^  near  Stadt 

Steyr — Manufacturer. 
Table  knires  of  different  kinds. 


546  Ppustebschmidt,  JonAim,  Neuxeng^  near  Stadt 

Steyr — Manufiicturer. 
Table  knires  of  different  kinds. 


547      Rapp,  Mathus,  Stadt  Steyr — Manufiicturer. 
Table  knires  of  different  kinds. 


548        Bessl,  Jacob,  Steinbach,  near  Stadt  Steyr — 

Manufacturer. 
Knires  of  rarious  kinds. 


549     Ressl,  Matuias,  Steinbach,  near  Stadt  Steyr — 

Manufacturer. 
Knires  of  different  kinds. 


550       RiEDLER,  JouANN,  Xeuzeug,  near  Stadt  Steyi 

Manufacturer. 
Knires  and  forks  of  different  kinds. 


551     RiEDLKR,  Leopold,  Stadt  Steyr — Manufactiuvr. 
Knires  and  forks  of  different  kinds. 


552  R69LER,  Ionaz,  Nixdorf,  Bohemia, 

An  eitensirc  assortment  of  razors,  knires,  and  scissors, 
toothpicks,  kc. 

553  RrrPRECiiT,  Sebastiax,  Stadt  Steyr — 

Manufacturer. 
Razors  of  different  kinds. 


5.54       Salzwimmer,  Piiilitp,  Si/mingho/en,  near  Stadt 

Steyr — Manufact  urer. 
Table  knives  of  ditlerent  kinds. 


555    SciiiNDLER,  Simon,  .S/mj//<7r^,  wrar  Stadt  Steyt 

Manufacturer. 
Knires  of  different  kinds. 


55G  ScnwiNGiiAMMER,  Simon  TnADD,  Steinbach,  near 
Stadt  Siryr — Manufacturer. 
Pocket  knives  of  varioun  kinds. 


557    Stilriiofer,  Alois,  Stadt  Steyr — Manufacturer. 
Knires  and  forks  of  different  kinds. 


[Oppicial  Illustrated  Catalogue.] 


4  P 


1036 


AUSTRIA, 


558  Stibbl,  Josef,  jun.,  8tadt  Steyr — Manufacturer. 
Scissors  of  different  kinds. 


559  STTrCKHABT,  JoHANN,  Stodt  Steyr — ^Manu£i3u>turer. 
Knives  and  forks  of  different  kinds. 


660    VoiTH,  Alois,  Siermnghofen^  nectr  Stadt  St^yt 

Manufacturer. 
Cutlery  of  different  kinds. 


561  Wachteb,  Leopold,  Skult  iSi^yr— Manufacturer. 
Razors  of  different  kinds. 


562    Weichselbaumeb,  Josef,  Neuzeug,  near  Stadt 

Steyr — Manufacturer. 
Knives  and  forks  of  different  kinds. 


563  Weiohsslbauhsb,  Miohasl,  Siermnghofen^  near 
Stadt  Steyr — Manufacturer. 
Knives  of  various  kinds. 


564  Teuflmayeb,  Josef,  Untem  JUmmel,  near  Stadt 

Steyr — Manufacturer. 
A  variety  of  surgical  instruments. 


566    Bachneb,  Fbanz,  Stadt  Steyr — Manufacturer. 
An  assortment  of  shoemakers'  tools. 


567    Gbossaueb,  Alois,  Stadt  ^S^r— Manufacturer. 
A  variety  of  shoemakers'  tools. 


568    Gbossaueb,  Fbanz,  Stadt  Steyr — Manufiau^turer. 
An  assortment  of  shoemaker's  tools. 


569     Klement,  Fbanz,  Stadt  Steyr — ManufSEicturar. 

An  assortment  of  tools   of  steel,  for  cabiuet-makers, 
carriage  builders,  furriers,  turners,  &c. 


570       Saileb,  Josef,  St<idt  Steyr — Manufacturer. 
Various  tools  for  ooachmakers,  furriers,  &c. 


571  Welzibaoh,  Kaspab,  Stadt  Steyr — Manu&cturer. 
Tools  for  ooachmakers,  comb-makers,  furriers,  cabinet- 
makers, Ac.  

572  Weiss,  JouAinr,  k  Son,  Vienna — ManufiBkJturer. 
Assortment  of  cabinet-makers',  coopers',  and  carriage- 
makers'  tools.     Rosewood  tool  chest  for  amateurs,  &c. 

573  Webtheuc,  Fbanz,  Vienna  and  Scheibbe,  Lower 

Austria — Manufacturer. 
An  extensive  variety  of  cabinet-makers',  coopers',  car- 
riage-makers', leather-dressers',  and  turners'  tools. 


574      Beunneb,  Anton,  Vienna — Manufacturer. 
Samples  of  compass  saws,  &c. 


575        Baecheb,  a.  B.,  Vienna — Manufacturer. 

Embossed  silver  ware  :  cups,  goblets,  salt-cellars,  bread- 
baskets, oil  and  vinegar  cruets,  sets  of  knives,  forks,  and 
spoons ;  inkstands,  £o. 

[The  paucity  of  works  of  this  description  sent  to  the 
Exhibition,  which  are,  however,  produced  of  veiy  superior 
quaUty,  in  Vienna,  Prague,  Milan,  and  Venice,  b  probably 
a  consequence  of  the  poUtical  events  and  disturbances  of 
the  last  few  years. 

The  jewellery,  gold  and  silver  embossed  and  stamped 
articles  of  Vienna,  enjoy  a  high  reputation  and  consider- 
able sale  at  home  and  abroad.    The  manufacture  of  gold 


articles  on  an  extensive  scale,  originated  in  Prague ;  its 
gold  and  silver  snuff-boxes  having  been  everywhere 
approved  of.  The  stamped  silver  articles  of  Vienna  and 
Prague  have  met  with  great  success.  The  manufacture  of 
gold  and  silver  wire  alone  gives  employment  in  Vienna  to 
a  great  number  of  men.] 


576  Gbohkann,  Hiebonimus,  Prague — Manufarturcr. 
Gold  trinkets ;  silver  filigree  casket,  ornamented  with 

large  Bohemian  garnets. 

Bracelets  and  necklace  of  Bohemian  garnets. 

577  Ratzebsdobfeb,  H.,  Vienna — Manufacturer. 

A  toUet  glass  in  a  massive  wrought  and  embossed  silver 
frame,  weighing  135  ounces. 

678  WiEN,  LdB,  Prague — ^Manu&cturer. 

Silver  filigree  chessboard  and  men. 

579  Bebo,  Fbanz,  Prague — Manufacturer. 
Knight  with  horse  in  bronze ;  animals  fighting — a  groap 

in  or-molu ;  pair  of  or-molu  candelabra ;  crystal  goblets ; 
table  lamp. 

580  Bb5se,  Wilhelm,  Tlenna — Manufacturer. 

A  pair  of  or-molu  candelabra,  ornamented  with  poroeLain. 

581  Hollenbach,  D.,  Vienna — Manu&cturer. 
Pair  of  or-molu  candelabra. 


582       Abele,  Febd.,  Neuhurkenthal,  Bohemia — 

Manufacturer. 
A  chimney-glass,  cut  in  £ncets,  88  inches  high,  43  inches 
wide,  in  gold  frame. 

[The  principal  seat  of  the  glass  and  mirror  manufiMTtnre 
is  Bohemia,  which  supplies  more  than  half  of  the  entire 
production  of  the  whole  empire. 

The  Bohemian  set  and  unset  coloiued  glass  in  imitation 
of  precious  stones  for  ornaments,  &c.,  is  equally  an  im- 
portant article  of  exportation.  Styria,  Blyna,  and  Hun- 
gary, have  likewise  glass  manu&ctories. 

The  articles  exhibited  will  give  a  sufilcient  idea  of  the 
Austrian  glass  manufacture,  and  show  its  excellence. 
Some  specimens  of  mirrors,  blown  and  cut  in  filets,  ara 
remarkable  on  account  of  their  great  size  and  purity.] 

584  BUQUOY,  Count,  Schwartthal  and  Silberberg^ 

Bohemia — Manufacturer. 

Flower  vases  and  inkstands  of  red  hyahte  glass. 

Etrurian  vases,  flower  vases,  pen  trays,  and  paper- 
weights of  wavy  hyaUte  glass. 

Vases,  dinner  service,  jugs  of  ruby  glass,  flagons  of 
chrome-green  glass,  bottles,  coffee-cups,  flower  glasses, 
goblets  of  white  and  enamelled  porcelain  glass. 

A  variety  of  crystal,  cut,  plain,  and  blown  glass  articles. 

585  CzEBMAK,  P.,  Prague — Manufacturer. 

Glass  ware:  flower  and  cliimncy  vases,  fr^t  dishes, 
bottles  and  flagons,  sugar-basins,  toiL^t  bottles,  &o. 

586  Gbohkann,  Josef,  Kreibitz,  Bohemia — 

Manufacturer. 
Glass  ware:   alabaster  flower  vases  and  cornucopia, 
centre-piece,  flagons  with  gold  ornaments,  candlesticks. 

587  Habrach,  Fbanz  Ebnst,  Ck)UNT  Von,  KemweU^ 

Bohemia — Manufacturer. 
A  largo  assortment  of  glass  ware :  vases,  jugs,  flagons, 
decanters. 

Wine  bottles,  scent  bottles,  goblets,  cups. 

Large  candelabra,  lustres,  articles  for  the  toUet,  &c. 

[The  manufacture  of  glass  is  one  of  the  most  ancient 
and  widely  difHisod  branches  of  industry  subsisting  in 


I 


AUSTKIA. 


1037 


Bohfwm,  w^uth  htm  kmg  carried  on  an  extennye  trade  in 
glaaa  and  glaas  ware  with  all  parte  of  the  world.  She  still 
oecupies  the  fint  rank  among  the  prorinoes  for  themanu- 
fiMtuTD  of  glaaa  and  mirrora,  and  in  the  extent  of  produo- 
tkm  and  ezoellenoe  of  the  article  lurpaeaes  all  of  them 
pot  together.  In  the  year  1847,  there  were  exported  of 
hollow  and  tahle  glaaa,  102,119  cwt. ;  out  and  cast  crystal 
glaes  and  mirrors,  28,075  cwt. ;  heads,  artificial  gems,  &c., 
ft,619  cwt.  Of  these  exports,  amounting  to  190,813  cwt., 
the  share  oontribiited  hy  Bohemia  was,  in  the  first  of 
the  abore-named  classes  of  productions,  91,047  cwt. ;  in 
the  seeood  ditto,  19,022  cwt. ;  in  the  third  ditto,  5,224 
evt. :  so  that  altogether  115,293  cwt.  of  artides,  88  per 
oent.  of  the  entire  aggregate  of  exports,  and  87  per  cent, 
of  the  entire  raloe,  represent  the  share  of  Bohemia.  The 
^aas  and  mirrors  produced  in  Bohemia  are  estimated  at 
more  than  double  the  sum  of  her  foreign  exports,  since 
they  amount  to,  at  least,  220,000  cwt.  Considerable  sales 
of  these  very  rahiable  mannfactures  are  made  to  other 
provinces  of  the  empire. 

Next  to  Bohemia  we  may  take  the  Venetian  Prorinoes, 
celebrated  for  the  beads  of  many  kinds  that  they  make, 
and  which  are  partly  cut  in  Bohemia. 

Besides  these  prorinoes,  only  Lower  Austria,  Lombardy, 
and  Upper  Austria  produce  glass  wares  of  the  finer  kinds, 
and  these  but  in  small  quantities ;  for  although  they  are 
exported  to  some  little  extent  by  Upper  and  Lower 
Austria,  these  cwmtries  do  not  produce  them  in  quantities 
suAdcnt  to  meet  the  demands  of  their  whole  population. 
Other  prorinoes  limit  their  efforts  to  the  production  of 
ordinary  descriptiona  of  glass  only,  and  are  supplied  wiUi 
the  finer  sorts  from  Bohemia. 

From  a  coQation  of  the  results  for  the  whole  Austrian 
mooarcfay,  it  appears  that  the  glass  trade  produces  an- 
nuaDy  430,000  cwt.  of  glass  ware  and  mirrors. 

The  careful  adoption  of  the  latest  diBCoveries  or  pro- 
«»?*«*,  her  richness  in  the  raw  materials  entering  into  the 
prvKiuciion  of  glass,  and  the  cheapness  of  its  articles,  haTc 
secured  to  Bohemia  a  most  extensiTe  foreign  market  for 
hrr  warea,  and  up  to  the  present  time  she  has  had  no  com- 
prtitor  to  fear  in  this  class  of  productions.  The  manu- 
fiu'tories  of  the  other  provinces  take  those  of  Bohemia  for 
their  model,  and  are  now  making  rapid  progress  in  the 
drrelopment  of  their  improved  capacity  and  resources.] 


r»88  nxoKnuBTii,  August,  MeUtersdorfy  Bohemia — 

ManufiEicturer. 

Various  glass  drinking-cujw. 


ottti       Uelmjch,  F.  a.,    Wolfertdorf^  Bohemia — 

Manufacturer. 

S|)ecimens  of  glaas  beads,  knitting  pearls,  and  scent 
U'ttlt**  ;  the  Utter  in  alabaster,  beryl,  and  turquoise. 

SjKxnmm*  of  vam.**,  i-ake-plates,  buttcr-cxwlers,  ca«ketH, 
<-an<lle<«tk*k.«,  dtvantcn*,  migar- basins,  &c.,  in  alabaster,  of 
Tariuus  colours  and  design ». 


5?<l*A     IIoTTiNGEii,  Adulfh,  Vienna — Manufacturer. 
Vmc«»  uf  cr}»tal  gla»?,  cut. 


;.*.»«►     IloFMAXX,   WiLHELM,    Pratfue — ManufacturtT. 
( Airnits,  J.  &  R.  McCracken,  7  Old  Jewrj-,  London.) 

Pair  of  coIosmJ  rases  of  alabaster  and  dim  grt*on  gla.«*s, 
t  ut.  Va*e«  of  o{>aL,  alabaetcr,  or  crrstal  ghu^  cut,  painted 
uT  fnamoUed.  Smelling-bottles,  jugs,  cups,  flower-glasses, 
oaD<]le*tick«,  boxes,  beer-glasses,  of  similar  inanufaetiut?. 

Values  in  rahous  styles,  cut.  Bottl(.*s  with  gku^s  anrl 
trav,  jugs,  Qennan  cups,  water-sets,  eau-sucrec.  sets,  ko. 


Several  of  these  articles  are  represented  in  the  accom- 
panying Plates  67, 171,  &c. 


591      JAJnoB  Bbothebs,  Blottendoff,  Bohemia — 

Manufiicturers. 
Glass  ware :  flower  vases,  goblets,  centre-pieces,  flagons, 
decanters,  alabaster  flasks,  crystal  candlesticks,  &c. 


592      XiTTL*8  Hsnts,  Ant.,  Kreibitz^  Bohemia — Manu- 
fiicturers.  (Agent,  William  Meyerstein,  15  Wat- 
ling  Street,  London.) 
Difibrent  kinds  of  glass ;    flower  vases  with  various 

ornaments. 


593  XuHnrxA,  Fbaitz,  Katharinenthal,  EMngartf — 

Manufacturer. 
Qoblets,  decanters,  national  cups,  liqueur  glasses,  &c. 


594  L5TZ,  Widow,  k  Gbbstneb,  Deffermk^  Bohemia^ 

— ManuJactmrers. 

Glass  centre-pieces,   flower  vases,  flagons,  jugs,  and 
cups,  tea  and  wine  services,  &c. 

Wine  and  liqueur  decanters,  glasses,  scent-bottles,  &c. 


595  Metb*8  Nephsws,  Adolf  and  Leonorenhain, 

Bohemia — Manufiicturers. 

Glass  flower  vases,  pitchers,  epergnee,  &c.,  of  various 
kinds  and  sizes. 

Centre-pieces,  candelabra^  sugar-basins,  jewel  stands, 
flagons,  milk  jugs,  jugs,  candlesticks,  decanters,  &c. 
Several  of  these  articles  are  represented  in  the  accom- 
panying Plate. 

596  KOvia,  Fbanz  Pallme,  SteinstMnau,  Bohemia — 

Manufacturer. 
Glass  oentre-pieoe,  firuit  dishes,  sugar  basins,  dessert 
plates,  crystal  vases,  decanters,  a  punch-bowl,  antique- 
shaped  chalice,  &c. 


597      Pelikajt,  Ionatz,  Meistersdorfy  Bohemia — 

Manufacturer. 
Glass  goblets  with  covers,  engraved  and  painted. 


598  VrVAT,  Bek^dict,  Langerswald  and  Benedictthal, 

Styria — Manufacturer. 

Assortment  of  articles  of  crystal  glass,  vases,  decanters, 
goblets,  bottles,  knife-rests,  &c. 

Various  coloured,  cut,  engraved,  embossed,  and  gilt 


599     ZAHif,  Josef,  sen.,  Steinschi/fMUj  Bohemia — 

Manufacturer. 
A  centre-piece,  glass  goblets,  flower  vaees,  flagons,  Jtc. 


GOO  BiOAGLiA,  PiETEO  (late  LoHENZo  Bigaolia), 
Venice — Manufacturer.  (Agents,  Fordali,  Cox- 
heud,  &  Co.,  13  Old  Jewry  Chambers,  Loudon.) 

Specimens  of  glass  and  enamelled  beads.  Imitation 
marbles  in  a  variety  of  colours.  Block  of  unv^TOuglit 
avcnt  urine,  167  lbs.  Ladic»'  ornaments,  inkstands,  knife 
and  fork  handles,  paper  weights,  diee,  snufl-boxes,  cigar- 
hohiers,  &c.  Picture  in  mosaic,  with  a  view  of  the  mole 
of  Venice.  Gothic  window  of  roimd  filligree.  Bottles 
and  glasses  in  enamelled  tilligree.  Various  fancy  articles 
in  avent  urine. 

A  Moor.  Vases  in  various  colours,  in  avcnturinc.  A 
variety  of  glasses,  smelling  bottles,  flower  ghisses,  egg 
cups,  tazzas,  cakes,  plates,  eye  glasses,  &e. 


GO  I        Blascuka  &  Sons,  LiehenaUy  Bohemia — 

M  anufaet  un'rs. 
Paste,  for  artificial  precious  stones.  Wads,  glass  buttons, 
histrc  pendants,  articles  in  pinchbeck,  &e. 

l  F  2 


1038 


AUSTRIA. 


602  Fkanee,  Josef,  KamnitZy  Bohemia — 

Manufacturer. 
Glass  hair  ornaments :    broast-pins,  brooches,  and  mis* 
cellancous  articles  of  glass. 

603  Pazelt,  Anton,  TumaUy  Bohemia — Manufacturer. 
Assortment  of  artificial  stones  of  glass,  cut. 


604  Pfeifper,  Fbanz  Anton,   Neudor/y  near  Mor- 
chenstemf  Bohemia — ManufjEicturer. 
Paste  for  artificial  precious  stones,  of  different  colours 
and  designs. 

606  Pfeiffeb,  J.,  &  Co.,  Oablonz,  Bohemia — Manu- 

facturers.     (Agent,    Oscar    Frauenknecht,  80 
Bishopsgate  Street  Within,  London.) 
Specimens  or  cut-glass  buttons.     Q-lass  breast-pins  and 
brooches.    Artificial  precious  stones. 

Beads,  chandeUer  pendants,  flagons,  candle  rosettes, 
knife-rests,  letter-weights  (millejiori)^  and  various  toys  in 
glass. 

607  Sabdeb,  Peteb,  OablonZj  Bohemia — Manufacturer. 
Assortment  of  beads,  glass  buttons,  chandelier  pendants, 

and  artificial  precious  stones. 

Rings  and  ear-rings,  breast-pins,  pins,  hair-pins, 
brooches,  scent-bottles,  flagons,  &e. 

Bracelets,  necklaces,  bei^s,  drops,  seals,  &c. 

608  Schwefel,  Anton,  Vienna — Manufacturer. 
Artificial  human  eyes  of  glass. 


609      Spietschka,  V.,  lAebenau,   Bohemia — Manufac- 
turer.   (Agent,   Charles  Holland,  41  Finsbury 
Circus,  London.) 
Assortment  of  beads,  pins,  and  hair  ornaments  of  glass; 
bead  necklaces ;  glass  buttons  and  brooches ;  pinchbeck 
rings    and    ear-rmgs    set    with  paste  stones;    artificial 
precious  stones ;  chandeUer  drops. 

Sample-book  with  drawings  of  chandelier  drops,  light 
rosettes,  fiagons,  scent-bottles,  &c 


610  MiESBACn,  Alois,  Vienna  and  Pesth — 

Manufacturer. 

Assortment  of  bricks,  roofing-tiles,  and  draining-tiles  of 
clay,  from  Inxersdorf,  near  Vienna,  and  Rdkos,  near 
Pesth. 

Hollow  bricks  for  building  arches,  made  by  machinery. 

[This  exhibitor  has  scTcn  brick  manufactories,  giving 
direct  employment  to  4,880  persons,  and  producing  an- 
nually 107  million  bricks  and  tiles.  His  establishment  at 
Inzersdorf  on  the  Wiener  Berg  is  the  largest  in  the 
world :  it  covers  265  English  acres,  lias  24,930  feet  in 
length  of  drying  sheds,  8,304  feet  in  length  of  moulding 
sheds,  446  moulding  benches,  43  kilns  capable  of  burning 
together  3,510,000  bricks  at  one  tune,  five  artesian  wells, 
stabling  for  300  horses,  blacksmiths',  carpenters',  and 
wheelwrights'  shops,  besides  an  infant  school  for  120 
children,  and  a  hospital  with  52  beds  :  it  employs  2,890 
persons,  and  turns  out  annually  65,500,000  bricks  and 
tiles  :  680  English  acres  of  laud  supply  a  first-rate  mate- 
rial for  the  manufacture,  and  contain  sufilcient  for  several 
centuries.  The  other  six  factories  are  provided  on  the 
same  scale.] 

611  Pabtsch,  a,  jun.,  Theresienfeldy  near  Vienna — 

Manufacturer. 
Various  samples  of  clay  tobacco-pipes. 


612    BAub  &  Mabescii,  Anssig  on  the  Elbe,  Bohemia — 

Manufacturers. 
SydcroHtc  ware: — Hower  vases,  baskets,  figures,  tea- 
scn'ices,  fruit-dishes,  pier-tables,  wall  and  table  candle- 


sticks,   jugs,    centre-pieoeB,   j^pe-bowb,    paper-wea^liti, 
busts,  &c. 

[The  manufacture  in  Austria  of  pottery,  tyderolite ' 
Wedgwood  ware,  terra  cotta,  biioks,  &c.,  has  made 
siderable  progress  within  the  last  ten  years,  and  has  now 
become  of  importance.  The  exportation  of  eartheowan^ 
particularly  vid  Trieste,  has  oonstantlj  increased.  Bo- 
hemia takes  the  lead  in  this  department. 

Still  more  striking  is  the  progress  made  by  Bohflmia  m 
the  manu£M!ture  of  porcelain,  in  oonsaqnenoe  of  its  oomiag 
into  more  extensive  use.  With  solidity,  puritj,  whitaMSi^ 
and  power  of  resisting  sudden  changes  of  tempemtmc^ 
the  Austrian  porcelain  combines  tastefiilneas  of  desigii 
and  painting,  and  thus  insures  for  itself  an  honomabls 
place  among  the  works  of  industry.] 


613  Huffzky's  Widow,  Vincenz, 

Toplitt,  Bohemia — ManufiMjtuier. 
Terralite-ware : — ^Flower-pots,  centre-pieces,  cups,  milk- 
jugs,   candlesticks,    fruit    baskets,    dessert    pU^es^    Ac. 
Bussian  monument. 

[The  quaUty  of  the  articles  manufiu!tured  in  that  de- 
scription of  earthenware  which  resembles  the  potteiy 
called  Wedgwood  ware  (syderolite,  terralite,  stone-dsj), 
is  constantly  improving.  An  excellent  raw  material,  sup- 
plied by  a  clay  found  in  the  vicinity  of  Wildstein,  is  prin- 
cipally used  in  the  making  of  stone  jars  for  mineral  waters, 
and  to  a  smaller  extent  also  in  that  of  utensils  for  Tarioos 
technical  purposes.] 

614  SOHILLEB  &.  Gebbino,  Bodenbach,  near  Tetadkem- 

on-the-Hlbey  Bohemia — ^Manufiicturers. 
SydoroUte  ware : — Centre-pieces,  flower-vases,  hunting 
and  wine  jugs,  inkstands,  butter  dishes,  tea  and  codfoe 
services,  letter-weights,  busts,-  figures,  &c. 


615     Imfebial  Pobcelain  Manufactobt,  TIsmm. 

Letter-weights,  groups,  figures,  of  porcelain. 

Vases,  plates,  dishes,  sauce  tuI^^ens  and  stands,  pundi- 
bowls,  casseroles,  oompotiers,  wine  coolers,  large  vase  and 
stand,  fruit  dishes,  ice  pail,  letter-weights,  i«V«*:*tMl^ 
a  table,  cofiee  cups,  groups,  figures,  paintings,  &c. 


616         Baoatti- Valsecchi,  Pietbo-  Milam. 

Enamel  painting  on  glass,  representing  Luda  in  Man- 
zoni's  "  Promessi  SposL" 

Painting  on  porcelain,  representing  **  Bafiid's  studio,** 
after  PodestL 

Enamel  paintings  on  metal,  "  Magdalene,"  ''Madofma," 
and  "  Head  of  the  Maedalene." 

Painting  on  porcehiin,  **  Madonna  and  Child,  sur- 
roimded  by  a  gariand  of  flowers." 

Painting  on  porcelain,  "  Valenzia  Gradenigo  before  tho 
Inquisitors,"  from  Venetian  history,  after  Hajer. 

'*  An  Odalisque,"  on  porcelain. 

"  Madonna,"  on  earthenware. 


617  FisCHEB,  Chbistian,  Pirkenhammer,  Bohemia — 

Manufiicturer. 
A  large  assortment  of  dinner,  tea,  and  cofl*ee  services, 
vases,  toilet  service,  ink-stands,  fruit-dishes,  figures,  &c., 
of  porcelain. 

618  Fjrcheb,  Moritz,  fferend,  Hungary — 

Manufiicturer. 
Vases;  dinner,  tea,  and  cofiTeo  services;  candlesticks, 
cofibe-cups,  &c.,  of  porcelain. 


619     Haas,  August,  Schlaggenwald,  Bohemia — 

Manufacturer. 
Vases,  breakfast  and  dinner  services,  Ac,  of  poroelain. 


AUSTRIA. 


1039 


620     HaXDIVOSB  Bbothkes,  Elbogen^  Bohemia — 

ManufiEusturen. 

DiniMr,  ooifee^  and  tea  serrioe,  portable  Bexrice,  tea- 
eaddj,  coffee  cape,  bread-baskets,  writing  materials,  milk- 
pota,  rases,  &e^  of  porcelain. 

Chemical  Teseola  of  porcelain. 


621  HABDncTTTH,  LuDOTiG  k  Cabl,  Budweu,  Bohemia 

— Manufacturers. 
Dinner,  coffee,  and  tea  setrices,  of  stone-ware. 
Eartheoware  Tcssds,  for  chemical  manufactories. 

[The  manufiMrtore  of  common  crockery-ware  is  still, 
although  extensiTe,  rery  imperfect  with  respect  to  quality. 
It  employs  about  7,000  master  potters.^ 

622  HObxib,  JoeiF,  OabUmt^  Bohemia, 
Porodain  pipe-bowls,  painted. 

A  painting,  **  Varus,  the  Roman  general,  throwing  him- 
wlf  upon  his  sword  in  the  Teutonic  forest." 


623  CmnoiL  &  Co.,  Prague — ManufiMJturors. 
Tases,  dinner  serrice,  tea  and  coffee  senrice,  figures, 

buata,  copsy  inkstands,  Ac,  of  porcelain. 

624  HnoTEiK,  Couwt  Staxislaus  Vok,  Drain^ 

Moravia — Manufacturer. 
Taaes,  oentre-pieoes,  coffee  and  tea-pots,  plates,  cham- 
ber candlesticks,  Ac,  of  stoneware. 

625  Kowonrr,  ArorsT,  AU-Bohlau^  near  Carlsbad^ 

Bohemia — Manufacturer. 
Tea  and  coflee  serrices  of  stoneware. 
Vases,  flower-pots,  dinner  and  coffee  sets,  and  figures, 
of 


[The  manufacture  of  stoneware  and  delft  is  carried  on 
to  a  considerable  extent  in  Bohemia  and  Lower  Austria^ 
and  partially  in  Moraria  also^ 

In  the  manufacture  of  porcelain,  the  productions  of  the 
ftat*'  factorr  at  Vienna  are  pre-eminent  in  point  of  elegance 
of  <ie*urn  and  excellence  of  fabric  and  workmanship.  They 
air  worthy  to  be  classed  with  the  productions  of  Sevres. 
Tlus  branch  of  Austrian  industry  is  more  widely  dilTiised 
throughout  Bohemia  than  in  the  other  provinces  of  tlie 
empire.  The  annual  value  of  this  manufacture  exceeds 
OTic  million  and  a  quarter  of  florins. 

inher  branches  of  industry,  more  or  less  directly  con- 
nei-tAii  with  it,  such  as  the  enamelling  of  the  ware,  the 
manufan  tun*  of  crucibles,  artificial  stone,  grindstones,  stone 
and  marble  slabs,  &c.,  yield  articles  that  are  included  in 
the  Wedgwood  pottery.] 

ri2G    PoRTHElM,  A.  P.,  &  Sox,  Unter  Kodau,  Bohemia 

— Manufacturers. 

Porcelain  centre-piece  and  dinner  service. 

Tea  and  coffee  w?rvices,  bread-baskets,  dessert  plates, 
va*e*,  and  ink.'^tands. 

Assortment  of  figures,  &c. 

027  QcAST,  JouAxy,  Prague, 

I'aint^l  china  rase  and  plati^s. 

A  f kiinteii  cliina  slab,  representing  "  The  Last  Judg- 


t"»28  Zasche,  JoHAXy,  Henna — Painter. 

Painting  on  porcelain,  "^ladoima,"  af^er  Carlo  Dolce. 


02*.*  Batki,  Wenzel,  Prague^  Bohemia — Manufactiurr. 
Two  cliests  of  drawers  for  apothecaries. 

!'.;;•  I      CiiU>M]Mi,  Giovanni,  Milan — Manufacturer. 
A  mx>  Uble,  inlaid  with  tortoiscshell,  gold,  and  silver. 


631  Gb5obb,  Franz,  Vienna — Manufacturer. 
Ebony  cabinet,  with  statuettes  in  ivory  (representing 

the  Emperors  of  the  House  of  Hapsburg),  and  ornaments 
in  stone  mosaic. 

Work-box  with  malachite  and  ivoiy  ornaments. 

632  KiOLL,  JoHANN,  Tlenna — Manufactiuer. 
Billiard-table,  with  balls  and  cues. 


633   Leistlke,  Carl,  &  Son,  Vienna — Furniture  and 
Inlaid  Flooring  Manu£Eu;turers. 

The  furniture  and  flooring  for  a  suite  of  four  rooms, 
viz.: — 

Dining-room. — ^Zebra-wood  dining  table  for  forty  per- 
sons, sideboard,  and  set  of  36  chairs.     Massive  oak  flooring. 

Library. — A  Gothic  bookcase,  of  oak,  presented  to  Her 
Majesty  the  Queen  by  His  Majesty  the  Emperor  of 
Austria.  A  bookcase  of  Austrian  and  Hungarian  ash,  in 
the  Benaissance  style.  A  table,  6  chairs,  and  easy  chair, 
to  match.     Inlaid  flooring. 

Drawing-room. — Zebra- wood  loo  table,  6  ft.  3  in.  in 
diameter ;  another,  8  ft.  10  in.  do. ;  comer  table,  console 
table,  2  occasional  tables,  revolving  picture  stand,  2  easy 
chairs,  and  set  of  4-arm  and  8  other  chairs.  Massive  oak 
flooring.    Mahogany  folding-door,  leading  to 

Bed-room. — Zebra-wood  bedstead  with  furniture,  a 
prie-Dieu,  2  Italian  cupboards,  2  stools,  sofa,  sofa-table, 
console  table,  carved  flower  stand,  looking-glass  frame, 
2  easy  chairs,  and  set  of  8  chairs.     Inlaid  flooring. 

Ante-room. — An  oval  table  of  walnut.  Loo  table  of 
rosewood.  Or-molu  oval  table.  Two  picture  frames* 
Small  crucifix. 

The  design  for  the  Queen's  bookcase  was  made  by 
Mr.  Bemainio  di  Bemardis,  architect,  assisted  by  Mr. 
Joseph  Kranner,  of  Prague. 

The  rest  of  the  furniture  was  designed  solely  by 
Mr.  Bernardo  di  Bemardis. 

The  gimp,  fringe,  and  tassels,  were  manufactured  by 
Mr.  Franz  Huber^  of  Vienna. 

Specimens  of  inlaid  flooring,  veneered  and  inlaid. 

[One-third,  or  35,307,000  Lower  Austrian  cliains,  of  the 
entire  soil  of  Austria,  is  covered  with  forests,  which  furnish 
yearly  the  quantity  of  17,000,000  cubic  cords  (42,500,000 
cords  of  Lower  Austria)  of  wood  of  cvcrj-  description.  The 
disproportionate  excess  of  forest  to  the  whole  area  of  the 
soil  in  some  provinces,  combined  witli  the  diversity  of  the 
wages  of  laboiu*,  as  well  as  of  the  means  and  facilities  of 
transport  or  carriage  prevailing  in  others,  and,  lastly,  the 
irrcgidarly  distributed  demand  for  wood  for  pur^ioses  of 
mining,  of  glass-houses,  of  stationary  and  locomotive 
engines,  as  well  as  of  steam-vessels,  are  among  the  causes 
wliich  have  occasioned,  on  the  one  hand,  the  extraordinary 
diiTerence  in  tlie  price  of  wood  to  be  n'lnarked  as  between 
various  localities  in  tlie  monarchy,  wherL'  it  is  largely  con- 
siuned  (a  diirereucc  ranging  in  some  instances  even  to  600 
j)er  cent.),  and  on  the  other  hand  have  given  rise  to  tlio 
necessity  for  imjwrting  wood  for  building  puqK)ses,  and 
even  for  fuel,  from  abroad.  These  imports  comprist*,  for 
tlie  most  part,  the  quantity  requin*d  for  the  use  of  Loni- 
bardy,  a  province  which,  by  the  neces.^ities  of  its  geo- 
gnipliical  position,  is  eomiK'lltMl  to  draw  its  supplies  of 
wood  from  Switzerland  and  riedniont.  AVliilst  the  navi- 
gation of  the  Danube  allords  the  means  of  easy  transport 
of  building  timber  and  fuel  down  that  8trt»am,  from  South 
Germany,  and  esinvially  of  tliat  large;  supply  of  firt^wood 
necessary  for  the  Inii>crial  eai>ital,  on  the  northern  and 
eastern  frontiers  of  the  emjnre,  the  rivers  Kibe,  Oder, 
Vistula,  Sereth,  and  Danulx*,  ail'ord  so  many  channels  for 
conveying  away  the  wood  and  tinilH.T  in  which  the  frontier 
j>rovhices  are  so  rich.  Although  the  great  bulk  of  these 
exixjrts  was  in  rough  wood,  the  exiwrtation  to  the  Danubian 


1040 


AUSTRIA. 


principalities  of  tho  planks  produced  in  the  Bukowina  and 
in  Transylyania,  and  of  fltavee  firom  the  shores  of  Croatia, 
to  Italy,  France,  and  North  America,  constitutes  a  con* 
siderable  element  in  their  entire  Talue. 

The  preparation  of  wood  for  agrictdtnral  and  domestic 
utensils,  for  casks  and  the  like  ordinary  uses,  appertains 
usually  to  the  smaller  trades,  and  seldom  forms  the  object 
of  any  trafllc  beyond  that  which  is  established  by  the 
demands  of  the  locality  itself.  The  manufM^turo,  there- 
fore, of  such  common  wooden  articles  as  are  here  alluded 
to,  on  an  extended  scale,  may  seem  scarcely  worthy  of 
mention ;  and  yet  the  yearly  exports  of  common  articles 
of  wood,  such  as  casks,  shovels,  rakes,  wheelbarrows,  agri- 
cultural and  gardening  tools,  firom  1843  to  1847,  averaged 
a  yearly  value  of  308,000  florins. 

The  finer  works  in  wood  are  made,  some  of  them,  by 
certain  of  the  larger  maniifacturers ;  but,  for  the  most  part, 
they  constitute  the  employment  of  whole  districts  and 
valleys  in  the  mountains.  This  sort  of  trade  is  widely 
spread  over  Bohemia,  the  Tyrol,  and  Upper  Austria,  and 
to  some  extent  also  in  Hungary. 

Architectural  carpentery  is  carried  on  in  the  towns  on  a 
very  considerable  scsde.  Although  several  largo  establish- 
ments of  this  kind  exist  in  the  more  populous  parts  of  the 
empire,  their  productions  are  not  calculated  to  meet  more 
than  the  local  demand  for  them.  Within  these  very  few 
years  a  factory  has  been  established  at  Vienna  to  produce 
doors,  lintels  and  window  firames,  ftc.,  both  by  machineiy 
and  by  hand,  and  being  in  connection  with  a  fiictory  of 
inlaid  floorings  and  a  furniture  warehouse,  forms  a  portion 
of  the  establishment  of  the  present  exhibitors. 

The  manufiu^ture  of  inlaid  and  mosaic  floorings  has 
lately  increased  in  an  extraordinary  degree.  Vienna, 
Prague,  Budweis,  Plass,  Dobrsisch,  and  also  Demes  in 
Hungary,  supply  works  of  this  kind  in  large  quantities 
and  of  increasing  perfection. 

The  following  articles  in  this  fhmiture  are  illustrated  in 
the  accompanying  Plates  76,  87,  78,  54,  79,  84,  69,  74. 

The  material  of  much  of  this  furniture  is  a  beautiful 
zebra  wood.  The  carving  is  extremely  rich,  bold,  and 
massive.  Much  of  the  ornament  is  elaborated  to  a  high 
degree,  and  of  this  the  illustrations  will  assist  to  convey 
an  idea.  The  state  bed  is  ornamented  with  medallions  in 
porcelain,  and  massive  fringe  and  hangings.  The  chairs 
are  also  ornamented  with  fringe,  tassels,  and  gimp.  The 
sideboard  has  two  fine  candelabra,  by  HoUenbaoh,  of 
Vienna,  as  its  lateral  ornaments.] 


634       Lechneb,  Frakz,  Vienna — Manu&cturer. 

Walnut-tree  easy  chair,  stufibd  and  covered  with  Utrecht 
velvet. 

Oak  balsac,  stufilsd  and  covered  to  match. 


636 


Mentasti-Beua  Bbothebs,  Milan — 
Manu&cturer. 
Oblong  square  table,  with  inlaid  work  representing 
Napoleon  crossing  Mount  St.  Bernard. 
A  prie-Dieu,  with  inlaid  work. 
Various  specimens  of  cornices  in  marble. 

636       MoscHiKi,  Paolo,  CS'enwna — Manufacturer. 

A  writing-desk  and  table. 

A  lady's  toilet- table,  covered  with  leather,  and  inlaid. 

A  small  cabinet  table.  This  table  is  represented  in  the 
Plate,  together  with  an  ornamental  table  and  articles 
cast  in  zinc,  belonging  to  a  previous  exhibitor. 


638  BiSTSCH,  F.  a.,  BolmM^Brndolet^  Moravut— 

Inventor. 
Model  of  a  ship-table.    Provisionally  icigktered. 

638a  Speluzzi,  — ,  JfiAm. 

Mosaic  table. 


637     PALnFEBEB,  ViTTZENZ,  Vienna — Manufacturer. 
Inlaid  Gothic  work-table,  and  a  basket. 


639  BosAiri  Bbothebs,  Bresei€t—'HKsm£actujer, 

A  secretaire  and  a  small  oblong  table,  of  Anierican 
maple,  with  inlaid  and  mosaic  work. 

640  Statjdingeb,  Antoit,  Vienma — Mamifacturer. 

Furniture  :  Buhl  table  of  rosewood,  book-shelTes,  soft, 
chairs,  &c. 

[Cabinet -making  and  the  manu&cture  of  furniture 
flourish  in  Vienna,  Prague,  and  Milan,  above  all  other 
towns  of  the  monarchy.  The  perfection  of  these  works  of 
oabinet-making,  and  the  comparatively  low  priow  de- 
manded, not  only  ensure  for  them  the  eonmiaiid  of  tbe 
entire  homo  market  of  the  monarchy,  but  are  already  esta- 
blishing a  large  esport  trade. 

The  manufaeture  of  buhl  and  other  frncy  articlM  eon- 
stitutes  a  special  branch  of  industry  in  Mikn,  md,  under 
the  name  of  **  Intarsiatura,"  has  been  carried  on  there  for 
centuries.  These  articles,  as  well  as  the  Vienna  turnery 
and  gilt  carving,  are  of  an  excellent  description,  and  are 
also  exported  to  great  advantage.] 

641  Thonet,  Michael,  r»emia--M«nufacturer. 
Furniture : — So£m.    Easy  chairs.    Ann-chairs. 
Stand  of  rosewood  and  walnut  wood. 
Specimens  of  inlaid  floorings. 

A  small  round  table  of  rosewood.  The  above  are  variously 
inlaid  with  metal,  tortoise-shell,  and  mother-of-pearl. 

642  Klaiitneb,  Fbaitk,  Vienna — Manuflkiturer. 
Diflterent  kinds  of  fimc^  cabinet-work. 
Tea-caddies,  sugar-caddies,  work-bo^«,  reading-deeks, 

travelling  looking-glasses,  candle-soreens,  Ac. 


643  Beoeeb  k  KBOimE,  Vimma — Mannfeotnrers. 
Screen  of  japanned  wood. 

Fire-screen  covered  with  papisr-maah^. 
Papier-maoh^  tables  and  oupe. 
Cups  of  japanned  tin. 

Two  vases,  desired  by  M.  de  Bemardis,  architect. 
One  of  these  vases  is  represented  in  the  cut  on  page  1041. 

644  HoFBiCHTEB,  Cabl,  Eeichenou^  Bohemia — 

Manufacturer. 
Papier-mach^  tobacco-boxes;    spioe  and  Migar-boses> 

pincusliions,  boxes,  kc. 


645    Behb,  Cabl,  JVo^we,  Boikemia — ^Patentee  and 

Manufacturer. 

A  column,  a  pedestal,  and  a  box,  as  samplfe  of  artififlial 
marble. 

Samples  of  gilt  wood,  which  will  bear  washing. 

Liphothanic  compositioni*. 


645a     KdLBEL,  B.,  r»(nifMs— Osrver  and  Oikler. 

A  gilt  wooden  frame  for  looking-glass  or  pictora.    Speci- 
mens of  frame  ornaments. 


646  Afh,  Pbiedbich,  Vienna — Manufkrtnrer. 
A  flower-screen  of  bamboo  and  eane. 

A  stand  for  a  figure  and  flowers,  designed  by  M.  de 
Bemardis.  This  stand  is  represented  in  the  aooompaDying 
Plate  161.  

647  FBAKZoyT,  A.,  St.  Wolfgang^  Isckl,  Upper  Amstria. 
Flower-table. 


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AUaTMAB   rl-BSlTCBE. 


TiO  PoiT,  ASTOS,  VUnma — Qililcr. 

PricDvu  bIiw  in  old  Gothic  itjle.    The  hci 
lsl«  70  ivpKanit*  thi»  Dbjfrt. 


51  SpOBBUH  It  ZtHXBKlIlNN,   IfcMM— 

MMinfaeturera. 
Paper'haii^gB  and  borders.     Modck  of  fneiw  and 


C52  Haijjis'b  (Joh.,)  Widow  abd  Sos-ni-Liw,  FJemw 
— Mnniifactareri- 
Tojs  of  paper,  wood,  metal,  £c. 

653  EiBTUBI,  Fkuz,  Vieana. 

Medunioal  and  murical  toje  of  wood,  metal,  p^wr,  &o. 


654     HOllss,  C.  a.  Oifl-^wiMfdM/, 
Toj«  of  paper,  wood,  meUJ,  4c. 


655    FimaKR,  3.  B.,  Ordden,  T^t — Manufactrirer. 

Carriiiga  in  pine,  lime,  maple,  &c.,  such  aa  laj  figures, 
from  the  unallest  to  tbe  largest  eiz«.    Figuree  and  toja. 


656  FuUTB,  FBTtscRELUta,  4  Co.,  FaUomvo,  <h 
Banamo — Manulaoturer. 
Straw  hat*  and  bonnet*. 


6S7    Takduk,  STtvuf,  Zmmaald,  TSpHU,  Bohemia. 
raw  plaiting  and  Biraw  Sower*. 


158       EcxPF,  Ignaz,  SMuckeiiau, 
Hanufactorer. 
Wicker  table-mat*  (apadiillM),  hati,  Ac. 


659  Wttkbohb,  Ahtoh,  Allthrenherg,  itea 
Bohtnia — Hanu&cturer. 
Chip  caps,  tablo-mata  (spadrillei'),  4o. 


(ifiO  BiOMJEK,  MiCniEL,  Badm,  Vienna — Producer. 
Scmted  agriot  chorry-tubes  for  lobaceo-pipes,  Bticlis,  be. 


iOl  Laso,  FaANZ,  n«iit(t— Producer. 

OfLoriferoua  cherry -tube*  for  tobacco-pipes,  sticks,  Ac. 


Odoriferous  cherry'Sticks  for  tobacco-pipe  lubca. 


Gfi.l       TeenneR,  Josef,  Baden,  nnma— Producer. 
Agriot  clicny -stick*. 
Oilorifcroiis  rhprry-titickii  for  pipe-tubes,  sticks,  Ac, 


664         AxDi,  SaJIPEL,  fleana — Manulacturer. 

Cigar  mouth- pivocs  of  vooH,  bone,  meerBchaum,  and 

Meerschaum  tobacoo-pipo  bOwi». 
Tohacoo-pipo  tube*  and  mouth- pi™«. 
AmboT  moiilh-pipivii. 


fiOS       ARRin,  JoniSN,  Tu-nnn— Mnnufncliirrr. 
Mother-of-pearl  button,". 

6C6        Ahtbatii,  Caul,  1 7f»M— Manufacturer. 

Agriot  oheiTT  tubea  and  cigar  mouth-picCTS  of  meiT^ 
schaum  and  amber,  earred  and  mounted  with  gold  and 


m 


AUSTRIA. 


>67    Beisiegel,  Phillip,  Vienna — Manufacturer. 

Fancy  turnery :  Agriot  cherry  tubes  and  sticks. 

Tobacco-pipes  and  cigar-holders  of  meerschaum,  amber, 
mother-of-pearl,  and  horn. 

Tobacco-pipe  bowls  of  meerschaum,  silver  mounted  and 
carved. 

[In  the  department  of  tumeiy  and  carving  in  wood, 
bone,  pearl,  meerschaum,  amber,  ivoiy,  and  tortoise-shell, 
Vienna  occupies  an  eminent  position.  The  carved  tobacco- 
pipes,  cigar  mouth  pieces,  and  similar  articles  for  the  use 
of  smokers,  may  be  said  to  be  almost  unrivalled  for  design, 
tastefulness,  and  cheapness.  They  are  fully  represented 
in  the  Exhibition,  as  likewise  carved  sticks,  umbrellas,  and 
parasols,  which  also  form  an  extensive  trade  in  Yienna.] 


668        DsEHEB,  Adolf,  Vienna — Manufacturer. 

Ivory  figures  and  chess-men. 

Tortoise-shell  and  horn  snuff-boxes. 

Bosewood  and  horn  ink-stands. 

Billiard  balls. 

Sets  of  salad-knives  and  forks  of  ivoiy,  and  turnery  of 
mother-of-pearl,  horn,  ivory,  tortoise-shell,  and  wood. 

A  crucifix,  and  various  figures. 


668a.  Kettbrl,  E.,  Vienna — ^Turner. 

Fancy  articles  in  bone  and  ivory. 


669    Ekstolleb,  Qeobg,  Stadi  Steyr — Manufacturer. 
Styiian  tobacco-pipe  bowls  of  wood. 


670        Fl5oe,  Gebhabd,  Vienna — ManufSacturer. 

Wood,  amber,  and  meerschaum  ^igar  mouth-pieces,  and 
tobacco-pipe  tubes. 

Assortment  of  meerschaum  tobacco-pipe  bowls. 

Chess-board  of  ivory,  with  figures. 


671        Feibdbioh,  Joh.,  Vienna — Manufacturer. 

Ciear  mouth-pieces  of  meerschaum  and  amber,  carved 
with  letters,  figures,  &c. 


672      GhBCNHXTT,  W.  &  Co.,  Prague — Manu&cturer. 
Meerschaum  pipe ;  cigar  mouth-pieces ;  cigar-pipes. 


673      Q-bCnhtt,  J.,  jun.,  Prague — Manufacturer. 
A  meerschaum  tobacco-pipe. 
A  dgar  mouth-piece  and  a  cigar-pipe. 


674      ObCnhut,  AirroH,  sen.,  Prague^  Bohemia — 

Manufacturer. 

Meerschaum  pipes,  and  cigar  mouth-pieces. 


675  HABTMAiTir,  LuDWiG,  Vienna — Manufacturer. 
Yarious  kinds  of  walking-sticks,  of  wood,  cane,  &c. 

Stick-mountings. 

Tobacco-pipe  tubes.  Cigar  mouth-pieces  of  wood, 
amber,  mcOTSchaum,  and  horn.  Pipe  mouth-pieces.  To- 
baoco-pipe  bowls  of  meerschaum,  Turkish  clav  pipes. 

Assortment  of  cut  cameos.    Work-box  of  Done. 

A  tobacco-pipe  of  ivoiy.    A  cup  of  stag-horn. 

A  large  piece  of  amber.  Amber  necklaces.  Ivory  but- 
tons, &0. 

676  IirPAirOBB,  Michael,  Stadt  Steyr,  Upper  Auttria 

— Manufacturer. 
Styiian  hunting  tobacco-pipes,  bowls  of  wood. 


677         Kbaftl,  Josep,  Vienna — Manufacturer. 

Pocket  ink-stands,  of  various  kinds  of  wood.  Pen- 
holders of  bone  and  wood ;  umbroUa  handles  and  rings, 
and  similar  turnery. 


678  Litschee,  Cabl,  Vienna — Manufactnier. 
Cigar  mouth-pieces  and  pipes  of  meerscfaaom,  amber, 

wood,  horn,  &c. 
Tobacco-pipe  tubes  and  mouth-pieoes. 

679  Ltjdwio,  Fbaxz,  Vienna — ^Manu&ctnrer. 
Yarious  kinds  of  walking-sticks,  of  wood  and  cane. 

Walking-stick  pipes. 

680  Naol,  Leopold,  Vienna — Manufacturer. 

Cigar  mouth-pieoes   and  pipes  of  meenchanm  and 
amber. 
Tobacco-pipe  tubes  and  mouth-pieces. 

681  Ppeippeb,  Leopold,  Vienna — Manufacturer. 
Different  kinds  of  pipe-tubes. 

682  PFBEG5EB,FBAifz  Anton,  Vienna — ^Manufacturer. 

Cigar-holders  of  various  kinds  of  wood,  horn,  boiM^ 
and  cocoa-nut. 


683  SiETEBT,  Edvasd,  Vienna — Manufacturer. 
Meerschaum  and  amber  dgar  mouth-pieces. 

684  SCHWABZ,  Jacob,  Vienna— ManuSactartr. 
Medallions,  penholders,  needle-cases,  thimbles, 

knives,  ink-stands,  screens,  watch-stands,  and 
articles  of  mother-of-pearL 

685  Tatttz,  Adalbebt,  Fi^fMia— Manufiusturer. 

An  assortment  of  walking-sticks,  of  whalebone,  esi^^ 
snake-wood,  with  carved  and  engraved  1h^tiH1<m  of   ' 
horn,  ivory,  silver,  &c. 

686  WOJTECH,  Joseph,  Vienna — ^ManufiMstorer. 
Pipe-tubes  of  wood,  of  various  kinds. 

687  Zettleb,  Joseph,  Vienna — ^Manu&cturer. 
Tobacco-pipe  and  cigar-holders. 
Bowls  of  meerschaiun. 
Cigar  mouth-pieoes  of  amber,  cocoa-nut,  Ac 

688  Petschaoheb,  Aluxandeb,  Vienna — Patentee 

and  Manufacturer. 
Hookahs  and  elastic   tobacco-pipe  tubes  of  Tirioai 
kinds,  made  by  machinery. 

689  Begsteigbb,  Michael,  Siermng,  Stadt  SUgr 

— Manufacturer. 
Bules,  of  various  kinds. 


690  BucHBEBGEB,  Fbanz,  <S^a<2^  iS^iyr— ManuiMtarer. 
Bules,  of  various  kinds. 


691      Tobeb,  Joh.,  Prague,  ^oileniM^— Manu&otmcr. 
Bules,  of  various  kinds. 


692  TiPPE,  Adolp^  Vienna — Manufiutover. 
Sticks  for  umbrellas  and  parasols,  and  mountiagi  fir 

the  same. 

692a      Weiss,  Joseph,  FieiMio— ManufiMstorer. 
Umbrella  and  parasol  sticks  and  handles. 

693  Zandba,  Joseph,  Vienna — Turner. 

Sticks  for  umbrellas  and  parasols^  and  moontiiigi  ftr 

the  same. 

694  Hebdt,  J.  B.,  Vienna — ^A£anufiM;turer. 
Silk  parasols. 

695  Badehacheb,  Chbistian,  Vienna — ManufiMtow. 
Silk  parasols. 

69 G       BiTTEB,  Nobbert,  Vienna — Manufiietnrer. 

Hair-powder,  chignon  combs  and  brushes  of  hon,  lor 
toise-shell,  and  ivory ;  walking-sticks ;  vforj  omm^  Ae. 


XAitiiLE  iiiiiri.i^i'ii; 


AUSTRIA. 


1043 


Hkbxaitkbtadt  Tsadb  Union,  Transylvania, 
ietj  of  oombs. 

Ji^TflCHSXANN,  M.,  Vienna — Patentee  and  Manu- 
urcr.     (Agent,  M.  L.  Kanitz  k  Sona,  Vienna.) 
buttons  finr  coats,  waistcoats,  trousers,  &o. 

[xTorBS,  WoLHSLM,  Vienna — ^Manufacturer. 
waistcoat,  and  shirt  buttons,  of  motherK>f-pearl 
r-horn,  in  Tarious  forms  and  colours. 

ITTRB,  F.,  Nmdotfy  ^oAtfWMo— Manufacturer. 

•  for  joiners. 

ea  rods  for  r'^^^'^g  ludiSBr-matcbes. 


BOsen,  J06SFA,  Vienna — Manufacturer. 
aal  ifowars,  of  Tarious  kinds. 

80HLATKB,  H.,  Vienna — Modeller. 
CM  lands  of  wax  figures  and  artificial  flowers. 

OrPxnnmB,  Caboukb,  Vienna — 
Manu£Bu^urer. 
p  sereen,  cut  hy  hand. 


SAroro,  PAI.ATIKI  &  Ck).,  Venice — Manufacturers. 
y-fire  specimens  of  assorted  masks. 

Gamsb,  JOHANir,  Vienna — Sculptor. 

na  bathing,'*  in  bronze.    Four  small  figures,  in 

Plaster  statuette  of  a  lady. 
[  in  bronze  and  zinc  for  a  u>untaui. 
r  Tase,  cast  in  bronze  and  zinc 

KlHSZiCANK,  Joseph,  Vienna — Sculptor. 
statues,  of  Carrara  marble,  representing  *'  A  shep- 
A  flower-girl,"  and  "  Hebe  with  the  eagle." 

Max,  Emanuel,  Prague — Sculptor. 

ip,  in  white  Carrara  marble,  representing  **  Hagar 

oaer* 

relief,  in  Carrara  marble — "  An  Amazon  on  horse- 


Cacciatore,  Benedetto,  Milan — Sculptor. 
iDO    in    a   flower- basket,    executed    in    Carrara 


Coccni,  Lrioi,  Milan — Sculptor. 
in  marble— "The  Virgin." 


Crofp,  Oiuseppe,  Milan — Sculptor. 

s  in  Carrara  marble  : — "  Leda  and  the  Swan." 
awaiting  the  goldm  phower."  A  group,  repre- 
'  Hermes  and  Salniaoe." 


Emanteli,  Giovanni,  Milan — Scidptor. 
in  Carrara  marble — "  A  boy  with  a  bird's  nest." 

^CCABOLi,  Innocenzo,  Milan — Sculptor. 

itatues    in    Carrara    marble  : — "  The    wounded 
"  and  "  David  «Unj?in^  the  stone." 
ip  in  marble — "  Atida  and  Chactas." 

Galu,  Antonio,  3//M»— Sculptor. 
Ptatues  in  Carrara  marble  : — "  Susanna  at  the 
Jephtha's  daughter ;"  and  "  A  youth  on  the  sea- 


Jandolfi,  Democrito,  Milan — Sculptor. 

in  Carrara  marble,  "  The  Kmigrant "  (a  veiled 
f»fij^ng  fur  her  children),  an  cjtisodc  from  the 
f  Fran<v  in  1 703. 

:te  in  Carrara  marble,  "  Tnist  in  God." 
in  marble,  for  a  tomb,  "  Grief." 
in  plaetcr,  *'  Italy." 


"  Dancing  girl,"  in  marble,  copy  of  Canova. 

Mantelpiece,  with  mirror  frame,  in  Carrara  marble,  in 
the  style  of  the  17th  century,  with  figures  of  Cupid  and 
Psyche,  Ac 

Model  of  a  foimtain,  in  the  Asiatic  style,  to  be  placed  in 
a  room,  with  a  ^up  of  three  statues.  This  can  be  con- 
verted in  winter  into  a  fire-place. 

A  triptich,  modelled  in  ivory  paste. 

Eight  medallions,  in  ivory  paste,  representing  ideal 
heads,  and  august  and  illustrious  historical  personages. 

Thhi»en  models  in  wax,  plaster,  and  terra  cotta,  repre- 
senting— ^the  Evangelists ;  the  Bride  of  Solomon's  Souff ; 
St.  Cecilia;  Rebecca  at  the  Fountain;  Rachel  at  the 
Well ;  Hero  awaiting  Leander  (this  would  serve  to  light 
the  room  in  which  it  is  placed,  by  introducing  a  jet  of  gas 
into  the  torch  held  in  the  hand)  ;  Esmeralda ;  Modesty ; 
Helen  urging  Paris  to  attack  the  enemies  of  Troy. 

713  Strazza,  Giovanni,  Milan — Sculptor. 

Statue  in  marble,  "  Ishmael  in  the  desert."  (Property 
of  P.  Gk>nzales,  Milan.) 

714  Magni,  Pieteo,  HiGlan — Sculptor. 

»   Group  in  Carrara  marble,  "Xicaming  to  walk:    the 
first  step."  

715  Manpbkdini,  Gaetano,  Milan — Sculptor. 
Statue  in  Carrara  marble,  "  Narcissus  at  the  fountain." 

716  Mabchesi,  Luioi,  Milan — Sculptor. 

Statue  in  Carrara  marble,  "  Eurydioe  bitten  by  the 
snake."  

717  MicOTTi,  loNAZio,  Milan — Sculptor. 

A  statue  in  Carrara  marble,  child  with  dog,  "Can- 
dour."   

718  MoTELLi,  Metello,  Milan — Sculptor. 
Group  in  Carrara  marble,  "  Cupid's  vintage." 


719  Dal  Negro,  Pietbo,  Idilan — Sculptor. 

Statue  in  marble,  "  Innocence,"  represented  by  a  boy 
bitten  by  a  viper. 

720  Pierotti,  Giuseppe,  Milan — Sculptor. 
Group  in  plaster,  "  Mazeppa  being  bound  to  the  wild 

horse." 

"  An  Arabian  horse  attacked  by  a  serpent,"  in  Carrara 
marble.  

721  Puttinati,  Alessandbo,  Milan — Sculptor. 
Statue  in  Carrara  marble,  **  Prayer." 

722  Sangioboio,  Abbondio,  Milan — Scidptor. 
Statues  in  Carrara  marble,   1.  "A  soid  ascending  to 

Ileaven."     (Property  of  J.  R.  Jaffray,  Esq.) 
Two  heads  in  Carrara  marble : — 

2.  "Head  of  the  Redeemer." 

3.  "The  poet  Monti." 

72.']        SoMAJNi,  Francesco,  Milan — Sculptor. 

Group  in  Carrara  marble  representing  "  Pan  and  Sy- 


rmx. 


724  Gottl,  Bernard,  CarUbady  Bohemia. 

Two  colossal  vases  of  Carlsbad  thermal  tufa,  executed 
by  Knoll  Brothers,  of  Carlsbad,  each  2  ft.  9  in.  high,  and 
1  ft.  7  in.  diameter. 


Benzoni,  Gaetano,  Milun — Sculptor. 
A  mantelpiece  in  marble  with  eight  figiures  of  boys. 

72G     Bottinelli,  Giuseppe  (late),  Milan — Scidptor. 

Tliree  marble  mantelpieces,  omamentt^'d  (one  the  pro- 
perty of  D.  Sopranni,  of  Milan).     Mirror  frame. 

Model  in  [)lask'r  of  a  mant^'lpiece. 

These  mantelpieces  are  rcpresi-nted  in  the  accompanying 
Plate. 


1044  AUS 

T2B         Motelli,  QisuHO,  Milaa — Sculptor. 

A  msntelpieoe  in  Oarrara  marble  in  the  AaMreontio 
rtjlB. 

A  group  in  Canara  marble,  "  Faob  and  Franoeaca  di 
BiminL" 

Neat  of  Cupidi-     (Property  of  Joseph  Fazlon,  Eiq.) 

729     SzENTFBTSBT,  J08BFE,  Foth,  HtMgory.     (Agents, 
B.  k  3.  Oarrard  It  Co.,  Gold  and  Bilvemnitha 
and  Jewellen,  SI  Paoton  Street^  and  Sfi  Hay- 
market.) 
A  copper-embosaed  tableau  (in  the  poueaaion  of  Henn 
Kirk,  Eaq.,  16  St.  Jamei'*  Square) .      Thi*  njuque  work 
of  art  rcpreaenta  tho  battle  of  .Arbela  (about  830  yean 
b<rrore   C^hriit),  in  which  Dahui,   King    of   Penia,    ia 
defeated  by  Alexander.      It  coutalnB  hundreds  of  figurea 
in  a  relief  of  3  inchea,  produced  from  a  tingle  sheet  of 
copper,  about  an  eighth  of  an  inch  thick,  hammered  and 
punched  up  with  pundiM  of  various  forms  and  iizes  \  the 
■heet  of  copper  bemg  passed  through  Uie  fire  hundred!  of 
times  to  softcD  it  and  make  it  malleable.    The  artist,  who 
ia  self-taught,  waa  oooupied  on  this  ratraordinaiy  work 
file  years,  and  ia  now  70  yeu*  of  age. 

l^bkan  ropreaonting  the  Indian  King  Ponu  t«](e% 
priaoner  by  Aloiander  the  Qreat ;  with  217  flgurea  em- 
boaaed  by  hand  on  a  plate  of  silrer  weighing  18  marks 


729i    Peimimoh,  J.,  FraffM,  Baliemia—Aititt. 
Statuette  of  fins  sUrer :  Rudolph  of  Hapsburg. 

730  Pbtbotits,  D.,  VitKna — Inventor  and  Sculptor. 
Thirty-three  medaHiona  cast  in  a  metallic  composition 

by  a  nowly-diacoverad  method. 

731  Cesibi,  DEsmsBio,  MUan — Sculptor. 

Tlireo  portraits  of  Q.  D.  Bomaenoai,  A.  Bolla,  and  Bcr- 
tini.  chiselled  and  emboaaed  in  aiaeb  eopptr,  in  the  atyte 
of  Beovcnuto  CellinL 


735  DrHKLSB,  Caw,  Heaito— EngrnTer. 
Metal  stampa,  to  be  used  with  any  coloured  ink. 

736  Gnxuia,  Caxl,  FiMiia— Painter  on  Qlaae. 
Pamtings  on  glasa,  reprcaenling  a  chureh;  a  winter 

landscape  in  Upper  Anstria;  view  of  Johannisbeiv,  ~~ 
tho  Shmc ;  ricw  of  the  town-gate  of  Eromniti,  in  Hi 


737  BiBTm,  OnrfiBpn,  MiUn — Aunlar. 

Ortat  painted  window,  repreaenting  "  Dante  >l 
of  his  ideas."  This  window  is  repreeeated  in  thi 
panying  Plate. 

Onl  painting  on  glaat :  the  Holy  Bamitf . 


'38    M OHTiNABi,  Alrbsaitdbo,  JBbm — Dtwrtlor. 

Vaulted  odliuff  of  >  library,  with  portrait  of  MUlon, 
nd  scene  fromParadise  Lost,  a*  c«ntre. 


39  TooBL,  GiBL  Fbudeigh,  MHam. 

Photogmpha. 


740    PccHEB,  JoBAint,  Veldf,  Upper  CarmioU — 
Inventor. 
Photographs  on  glaaa,  l^  a  new  nMthod. 


741  BoyoiOTAKKi,  SutTaoLOalkjn,  TiaaM— Sculptor. 
Deaign  for  a  candelabrum,  executed  with  crovquill,  in 

gold  &ame. 

742  Habtmank,  Loim,  Pragm»—S»iUni  DMJgtwr. 
Various  designa  for  merino  flimitnre,  printa,  fto. 


746      Monti,  Rattaillb,  Mlam,  and  U  Ortai 

Marlboroigh  Street,  London — Decigner  and  Sculptor 
Statues  in  Carrara  marble — 
Ere  after  the  Fall. 


Statue,  a  0 

Qroup,  Angelica  and  Hedoi*. 

Group  of  two  Oiria  fishing.  (Proper^  of  an  Engliah 
gentleman.) 

Statuette  of  a  Boy  oatching  a  Oianhopper.  (Prap«HT 
of  Thoi.  Baring,  Esq.,  M.P.) 


747  Tbohsoh,  Uiaa,  3S  Eiuton  Sqiart,  Londim— 
Proprietor. 
Carpet  worked  In  the  late  Empraa  Marie  Looia^  as- 
sisted by  the  late  Queen  of  Wurtcmburg,  and  other  dia- 
linguished  lodiea.  It  «M  commenoed  in  ISlli  and  was 
intended  as  a  preeont  to  the  Emperor  Napoleon.  After 
his  death  it  was  in  hand  for  eight  Jtan,  having  bem 
finishfd  by  other  noble  ladies. 


748    Fabina,  John  Habia,  CUi^m,  m  lit*  Bimt. 
oppotile  the  A>w  Jfontwl,  and  {London)  fi9  Afont  Lami. 

(in  the  litmiftm  Boom.) — Fountain  wktoh  [Jays  eau- 
de-Cologne. 


OFnCIAL  njiUSTRATED  AND  DE8CBIFTIVB  CATALOOXTB.  1046 


STATES   OF  THE   GEEMAN   ZOLLVEREIK 


1.  FbOBsiAy  Badut,  and  Bome  otiher  Statib  of  Nobthibn  Gibmakt. 

a,  Pbuisu. 

b,  Pbdisu*— Bassr— Blbctobal  Hbmb. 
e.  Pkubbia. 

d,  Pbuwia— — EuEcnroBAL  Himbk    Lepcti. 

e.  Pbuwia — Saxoh  Gsahd  Ducht  and  Duchik»— Bbunbwiok — Ambas/t 

and  Thuboiouv  FknrciPAUTngi. 


2.  Batabia. 

3.  Saxont. 

4.  wobtkhbubo. 

6.  Pbahkfobt-on-vbb-Maihb. 


6.  Gsakd  Ducht  of  Hbsrk. 

7.  luxbmboubo. 
6.  Namau. 


Dr.Toav  TiBBAHV,  Bflrim^  FvHicbiii. 

Prof.  Dr.  SoHUBABTS,  Bflriiiiy  CXmuniMioner  for  Prmma, 

Fni.  Dr.  TOB  HsBiUJnr,  Mfbaoheiip  (kmndmkxMOt  far  Smomria, 

ProU  Dr.  HOIaBl^  DmdeOy  Ckmwnliirinnir  fat  the  Kingdom  of  Saaum^. 

Dr.  Btbibbub,  Stuttgaid,  CoirnnlmWrnir  for  IF8r<Mito:7. 

Prof.  Dr.  Bav,  Heidelbei^  Canuniisioiiflr  for  Baditn, 

Mr.  Schbbibbb,  Bieber,  Commiiflioiier  for  JBleciorkl  Hewte. 

Mr.  BoBSiLBB,  Dmnstadt,  Commissioiier  for  the  Grand  Dmch^  of  JEkue. 

Prof.  Dr.  GrSTA  V  Schuxlbb,  Jena>  Commiasioner  for  the  Oramd  Ihtchy  of  SoMony  and 
the  other  Tkmrimgiam  Statet. 

Prof.  Dr.  Tabbbntbaff,  Brunswick,  Commiuioner  for  the  Jhtchy  of  JSrufuwiek. 

Mr.  ODBBBHxnaB,  Wieibaden,  CommiMioiMr  for  the  Dnekjf  f^Natmm, 

Mr.  Phuitf  ELLmnr,  Frmnkfori-on-the-Mame,  ComimimaMr  for  JWrai/brf . 


XoBTn  AKD  South  Szdb,  C.  D.  E.  62,  23 ;  F.63to67;  76,76;  G.  62 to 64, and 67 ; 
H.I.  J.  62to64;  K.61to67;  L.68to66;  M.  63to67;  N.  O.  P.  68  to  69 ; 
Q.  K  S.  62  to  69. 

North  Ea«t  Cbhtbal  Gallkbt,  O.  H.  67;  T.  62  to  67 ;  71  to  76. 

South  Eabt  Cbhtbal  Ga£LBBT,  M.  68  to 67;  N.  O.  67. 


1046  OFFICIAL  ILLUSTRATED  AND  DESCRIPTIVE  CATALOGUE. 


STATES  OF  THE  GERMAN  ZOLLVEREIK 


INTRODUCTION. 

Germakt  may  he  divided  into  three  oommercial  groups,  of  which  the  most  extensive,  genersHy  designated 
•*  The  ZoUverein,*'  or  "  Great  Custom  Union,"  was  constituted  in  the  year  1828  on  the  invitation  of  Prussia. 
It  consists  of  twenty-six  Germanic  States,  which  form  the  centre  of  the  vast  Germanic  region.  The  Zollverein 
embraces  two-thirds  of  the  entire  Geimanic  territory,  occupied  by  twenty-nine  millions  of  inhabitants. 

The  limits  of  the  Zollverein  are—on  the  south,  the  Germanic  provinces  of  Austria  and  Switzerland ;  on 
the  north,  the  kingdom  of  Hanover,  the  two  Grand  Duchies  of  Mecklenburg,  the  Duchy  of  Limburg,  and  the 
Netherlands.  To  arrive  at  an  adequate  notion  of  the  extent  and  value  of  the  general  industry  of  Germany,  it 
is  necessary  not  to  omit  out  of  our  consideration  the  Northern  Powers  which  hitherto  have  taken  no  part  in 
the  Custom  Union. 

In  the  Official  Catalogue  of  the  Great  Exhibition  we  find  that  the  number  of  exhibitors  from  these  States, 
including  Hamburgh,  Hanover,  LUbeck,  Mecklenburg,  and  Oldenburg,  is  not  less  than  1,520,  however  many 
more  German  contributions  have  been  received.  These  data  show  that  even  after  deducting  from  this 
aggregate  the  number  of  Austrian  exhibitors^  Germany  will  remain  nearly  equsd  to  Fiance  as  to  the  numerical 
strength  of  her  list  of  exhibitors. 

The  industry  of  Germany  is,  generally,  m  a  satisfactory  state  of  progress ;  and  if  the  conditions  and  the 
difficulties  under  which  that  great  country  has  laboured  during  the  la^t  historic  period  referred  to  be  duly 
considered,  the  inquirer  must  be  at  once  astonished  and  j^rofoimdly  impressed  by  the  consideration  that  even 
under  those  manifold  impediments  to  trade  which  within  that  interval  have  prevailed  in  some  provinces  of  the 
Germanic  territory,  the  genius  of  art  and  industry  has  shed  its  fertilizing  and  creative  influences  over  the 
entire  land,  enabling  the  German  nation  at  large  to  enter  the  field  of  honourable  competition  opened  in  London 
to  the  industry  of  all  nations,  with  other  states  which  have  for  centuries  past  enjoyed  the  blessings  of  civil 
freedom  and  domestic  unity. 

In  Germany  the  dififerences  of  laws,  of  coins,  of  weights  and  measures,  subsisting  between  her  territorial 
divisions,  have  always  proved  a  material  hindrance  to  the  advancement  of  industry  and  commerce.  Tbo 
Zollverein  (embracing,  as  has  been  already  stated,  two-thirds  of  the  most  industrious  provinces  of  (Germany) 
has  already  done  much  towards  securing  a  fair  development  to  that  commerce  and  industry,  and  giving  to 
both  of  them  that  sort  of  liberty  and  support  which  they  enjoy  in  England  and  in  France. 

If  we  consider  the  statistics  of  the  productions  of  agriculture,  both  in  respect  of  those  raised  from  the  schI 
and  those  procured  from  the  forest,  of  the  results  of  industry  and  of  those  of  art,  we  shall  find  that  the  value 
of  these  exports  from  the  states  forming  the  Zollverein,  exceeds  that  of  the  imports  into  the  same  States 
from  other  countries  by  about  80,000,000  of  thalers,  or  about  12,000,000^.  sterling  annually.  The  important 
share  of  the  total  yearly  exports  of  Grermany,  which  is  contributed  by  the  Zollverein,  either  goes  defini- 
tively to  Great  Britain  or  to  the  Colonies  and  other  possessions  acknowledging  the  dominion  of  the  British 
Crown,  or  is  transported  by  the  medium  of  British  commerce  and  navigation  to  other  foreign  countries.  The 
commercial  reputation  of  such  productions  is  already  established  by  the  increasing  sales  which  they  command. 

The  Zollverein  commands  neither  the  mechanic^  power  nor  the  technical  means  that  Great  Britain  pos- 
sesses in  so  eminent  a  degree.  But  in  all  that  regards  the  cultivation  of  talent  and  activity,  taste,  and  that 
appreciation  of  the  beautiful  and  the  noble  in  every  condition  of  society,  which  have  always  been  a  great 
natural  endowment  of  German  genius,  the  Zollverein  may  claim  to  rank  with  any  other  country  of  Europe, 
ei^Kicially  in  those  products  which  are  of  a  class  requiring  the  combination  of  utility,  taste,  and  cheapness. 

To  a  prosperous  oondition  of  industry  one  condition  of  mental  character  is  essentially  requisite,  and  this  is 
possessed  by  the  German  in  an  eminent  degree.  It  is  the  consciousness  that  never  and  in  no  effort  of  human 
art  or  science  is  the  ultimate  stage  of  perfection  to  be  reached  ;  and  that  it  is  only  by  an  impartial  appreciatioQ 
of  foreign  productions,  and  adopting  to  a  reasonable  extent  such  improvements  as  we  can  borrow  from  them, 
that  we  can  guard  against  an  overweening  opinion  of  ourselves  operating  to  the  ruin  of  our  own  industry. 

If  we  look  at  the  productions  (Raw  Materials)  in  Group  A.  of  this  collection,  we  shall  find  in  the  first  daas 
products  of  those  branches  of  the  national  industry  which  have  always  been  followed  in  Germany  with 
scientific  ability,  circimispection,  and  practical  energy — namely,  the  arts  of  mining  and  metallurgy  in  genenl. 
In  these  arts,  from  a  remote  period,  the  Germans  were  the  tutors  to  all  other  nations.  The  technology  of  these 
arts,  still  retained  and  used  in  all  European  languages  at  this  day,  is^  in  itself,  evidence  which  confirms  this 
assertion. 

The  mines  of  Prussia  and  Nassau  have  furnished  such  specimens  as  may  suffice  to  convey  some  repre- 
sentation of  the  general  condition  of  mining  industry  in  those  countries,  and  to  secure  to  Germany  an 
honourable  rank  in  this  department.  A  newly-discovered  process  for  eliminating  gold  out  of  araeniatrd 
gravels  (which  latter,  hitherto,  considered  as  without  any  value)  has  been  within  a  very  recent  period 
imitated  even  in  Mexico.  The  productions  of  the  ZoUverein  States  in  steel  have  not  been  surpassed  by 
those  of  any  other  countries.  Their  yield  of  raw  and  their  fabrication  of  forged  iron,  although  not  sufliciently 
extensive  to  vie  with  the  monster  iron  works  of  England,  are  yet  rapidly  increasing.  A  beautiful  collectxa 
of  raw  materials  in  these  metals,  deposited  in  this  section  of  the  Exhibition,  especially  merits  the  doss 
attention  of  obsmwrt  visitors. 


Ax  exteiuive  and  highlf-imporUst  collection  of  olijccU  ie  exhibited  by  Prussia  and  tbo  conjoined  States. 
Tber  re|maent  the  rarious  classes  very  fully,  and  give  a  forcible  idea  of  the  manufacturing  resources  of  these 
StkUa,  and  of  the  natural  advantaf^es  derivable  from  the  soil  itself.  The  specimens  of  raw  material  and  produce 
in  particular  are  extremely  interesting  ;  und  among  them,  the  production  of  iron  in  a  raw  and  preliminary 
■ta^  of  manufsctore  holds  a  prominent  place.  The  production  of  zinc,  also,  forms  an  important  feature  in  the 
metal lurgical  operations  of  theae  Stales,  large  quantities  being  annually  exported  to  all  parts  of  the  world. 
Cbemkat  preparations  of  interest  arc  also  eihibited.  The  specimens  of  wool  represent  the  vast  importance 
(rf  the  production  of  this  raw  material  to  tho  manufacturers  of  the  Zollverein  generally,  and  of  Saiony  in 
puticutar.  Greftt  interest  also  attaches  to  the  beautiful  specimens  of  amlter  in  its  natural  and  manufactured 
■tate.  8<Hiie  of  these  specimens  are  of  a  size  rarely  met  ivith.  I'he  collection  of  this  singular  fossil  resin 
Ibrma  an  interesting  feature  in  the  local  history  of  certain  districts  on  the  Samtandic  coast.  The  amber-fishery 
waa,  at  a  former  period,  of  no  small  importance  to  the  King  of  Prussia,  Among  the  machines  exhibited  are 
•crnsl  of  interest.     In  this  number  must  be  considered  the  large  and  costly  apparatus  for  the  evaporation  of 

Smp,  made  of  beaten  copper.  This  apparatus  is  of  the  most  recent  construction,  and  exhibits  features  of 
ilfat  mechanical  arrangement.  A  type-founding  machine,  (^cultural  implements,  &a.,  are  also  shown. 
Tlie  |ibiloao[Jiical  instruments  comprise  several  of  a  complicated  character.  An  electro-magnetic  self-registering 
UNmetneter,  and  the  electro-telegraphic  arrangements  adopted  on  all  the  I'mssian  Government  lines,  are  among 
tbw*.  Tlie  great  celebrity,  also,  of  the  manufacturera  of  balances  of  Berlin  and  other  places  in  this  Union  is 
DuinlaiiKil  by  the  exhibition  of  several  of  these  delicate  and  valu.ihle  instruments,  llie  le:ctile  manufactures 
ire  illiistratct  by  the  specimens  sent  from  a  considerable  numl)cr  of  maiinfncturcrs,  both  in  cotton,  wool,  flax, 
a:.d  silk.  Ilie  beautiful  ornamental  glass,  and  sjiwimcns  of  fine  ciiating  in  iron,  will  also  receive  notice. 
From  the  {mrcel.iin  works  of  Berlin  have  been  forwarded  some  fine  objects  in  illuslration  of  the  ceramic  art. 
Tlie  ol.ji^ts  includcii  under  the  fine  Arts  are  such  as  will  not  lie  soon  forgotten :  among  these  is  the  statue  of 
the  AmazTHi,  and  several  othera  in  its  immediate  vicinity,  of  great  beauty,  and  iudicatc  elaborate  core  in  tho 
Enish.— It.  E. 


1.— PRUSSIA,  BADEN,  asd  other  STATES  of  NORTHERN  GERMANY. 

Ciirf  Commisuiontr  in  London,  Dr.  von  VieBjUTN,  43  Albion  Street,  Hyde  Park. 
Afitntt  in  Loudon,  M™«r».  SXBIK  and  llAXL,  70  Heirgale  Street,  City. 


1         The   .iMiTSiSTHiTiox    op    TTiE   RoT*L   Pars- 

alriril:— VmlutvT. 
Rani)iln  of  wmiiaht-iroti,  ss  u««l  for  foIIits,  out  fn>ni 
ir<>o   aliii-h  Ims  bivn  rvtlncd  in  s  fumniv  by  the  use  of 
gar  ;  (bevt'iruu  rulleni ;  Uir-iroii  rollcn. 

2       Tbe  Rotu,  PacssTAN  Taos  Woaxs,  Matapaar, 
war  OpfU. 

Pair  of  lisnl  (ant-iron  evLinilcr:-. 

Sfn-ral  «BnipU-»  of  iiiBtorijiU  and  product*  prcparwl  by 
■  fir<  of  wooJ-ronl  in  thi'  Itovul  Ironworks  al  Uaia|rai]e. 

f  im-inurns  of  briHtn  iron  on- ;  clny- iron  ore;  liiiieiilonc ; 
v&-roal  ;  rokc ;  pi^  irun,  fi»iiTiiT  p^  ;  ditto,  grry  metal ; 
d:iin  from  rliiT-in>D  ore  not  (-slciiiing  i  sbga  frommeltijig 
of  iIh-  I'laT-inm  ore  not  mlciniii);. 

Srrrrvl  roloiin-d  »b^9  from  tlie  regular  working  of  tbe 

Fiiwimnurihr  limrj  hv  (ru  ;  moKliil  Rnc  iron  for  the 
OHi  of  niUiT« ;  lielil  (jrry  ditto,  of  llin  finerv  by  ipta  (for 
■UL-b  parts  of  machinsi  m  more  at  a  high  rolociiy). 


I'lut 


It  of 


sqim 


[mine  the  a 
ind  round  i 


>ns,  of  dilR-rent  ri 
nbyg 


[Tlic  proccs*  of  n'fining  iron  by  gas  cousista  in  driving 
carbonic  oiidi-  throufh  tlic  mthi.'d  mui,  by  which  the 
carbon  is  more  clTiTlunlly  n-nioved.— R.  U.J 

Jt>il  cnlniuine  from  the  niiiii's  at  SiliarW,  near  Beulhm, 
in  lliuh  Sik'^i;>;  white  ditto  ditto;  n^l'ilillo  fn>in  tho 
llnrin,  L'alaiuin.'  Works,  near  Ik-uthm ;  wliil«  dillo  ditto. 

Ziiii.'  ill  dropn;  wliiteiino  (oiidc  of  line)  ;  cadmium 
(,n.-lal). 

[Tliiw  ralaminc  earths  ate  carbonates  of  oxide  of 
sine  comhinrd  with  variing  quantities  of  oiido  of  iron 
■lid  ahuuinous  earths.  Some  of  these  urvH  eoulsiii  cad- 
mium. The  tiTTitor;  of  the  ZollvtTcin  is  tlic  principal 
producer  of  sine.  Silesia  possesses  the  most  ritenrivo 
line  works  in  the  worUI  i  and  llieir  produce  finds  a  eon- 
•pieuous  place  iu  tho  Oreat  Eihibitbn,  more  especially  ■• 


1048 


PRUSSIA. 


the  quality  of  the  ore,  as  well  as  its  rolling  and  its  puri- 
fioation,  diffar  firom  those  of  the  dno  of  any  other  region. 
It  is  also  to  he  ohsenred  that  the  manufiicturing  of  rdled, 
east,  and  other  descriptions  and  productions  of  sine,  are 
quite  peculiar  as  practised  in  the  Zollrerein,  and  their  ex- 
port is  of  the  highest  importance  to  that  Union.  In 
illustration  of  this  point,  it  may  be  stated  that  the 
East  India  market  is  supplied  almost  exclusiyety  with 
sine  from  Silesia,  whereas,  in  former  times,  Ghineae  sino 
was  imported  into  the  East  Indies,  and  from  thence  into 
Europe.]  

3  RoTAL  WoBKs  AT  KoNiaHUETTB — Producem 

A  collection  of  the  most  important  materials  used  at 
the  works  in  the  manufiEtcture  of  iron  and  zinc,  as  well  as 
the  products  and  half-products  taken  from  the  same,  yiz. : 
brown  iron-ore,  ochry-brown  iron-stone^  limestone,  coal, 
coke,  &c. ;  pig-iron,  No  1,  pig-iron.  No.  2,  grey,  and  pig- 
iron  from  red  iron-stone ;  blast-furnace  slags  from  the  rSd 
iron-stone,  yarious  blast-furnace  slags  j  white,  mottled, 
and  grey  pig-iron. 

4  Elsitbb,  ton  Osoirow,  &  Co.,  TamowUt^  SUena, 

— Producers. 

Specimen  of  Soman  cement.  The  present  sample  was 
found  at  a  depth  of  160  feet  in  a  lead  mine  (Frederik*s 
mine)  near  Tamowits  in  Prussian  Silesia.  It  consists  of  an 
argiUaoeouB  carbonate  of  lime  and  magnesia. 

Iloor-stone  of  Roman  cement  for  paving. 

[Roman  cement,  commonly  so  called,  is  obtained  by  the 
calcination  of  argillaceous  carbonate  of  lime ;  but  when,  as 
in  the  present  case,  the  cement  stone  contains  magnesia, 
the  result  is  a  double  siUoate  of  lime  and  magnesia,  which 
may  probably  be  of  rery  great  solidity,  and  admirably 
adapted  for  pavement. — I).  T.  A.] 

5  Mahtpaotoby  fob  Patent  White  Lead,  SteHin 

— Manu£BU!turer8.  (Agent  in  London,  Mr.  Charles 
Kekul^  60  Mark  Lane.) 
Samples  of  patent  white  lead. 

6      GOsttleb,  Wiuiblx,  SMketuiem  m  SiUna^ 

Producer, 

Specimens  of  arsenic,  gold,  washed  and  unwashed  ore, 
ores,  showing  a  process  by  which,  out  of  the  residue  of 
the  arsenic  ores,  the  gold  therein  contained  is  chemically 
drawn  out  by  moisture. 

The  process  is  grounded  upon  the  triali  of  Mr.  Plattner, 
Professor  of  Chemistry,  at  fVeiburg,  in  Saxony. 

Arsenic  metal,  glass,  caput  mortuum,  &o.  A  piece  of 
pure  gold.  

7      Du  BOIS,  C,  A,  Hirtokberg,  Silesia— Frodnow. 
Samples  of  dnnabar,  as  prepared  by  the  exhibitor  for 
painting  and  the  manufEUJture  of  sealing-wax ;  bisulphuret 
of  mereuiy. 

8  Lucas,  Mobitz,  Kunendorf^  near  Stnehber^— 

Producer. 

Samples  of  cinnabar  (Hg.S  J.  Exhibited  for  purity  and 
high  quality  of  shades. 

9  MHiOH,  A.,    Warmbrunn    and    Cologne— Vrodxioer. 

(Agent  in  London,  Mr.  Oreen,  17  Gouirh  Square, 
Fleet  Street.)  -o      n      -» 

Samples  of  briclu,  with  drawing  and  description  of  a 
brick-press  of  a  peculiar  construction. 

10  RncANN,  Ebnst,  Hirackberg,  Silesia, 

A  small  case  of  polished  and  unpolished  precious  stones 
found  in  the  neighbourhood  of  Hirschbog. 

11  RuFFEB  &  Co.,  BresUm — ManuBsMturer. 

An  assortment  of  zinc-plates,  of  yarious  thicknesses  and 
sixes,  including  two  as  thm  as  a  sheet  of  paper. 
Ten  line  plates  for  tiles,  fourteen  1^  twenty-eight  inches. 


12  CoCHius,  S.  E.,  Onmienbmrg^  near  £erUm — 

Manufiujturer  or  Producer. 

Large  specimen  of  crystallisation  of  prussiate  of  poCasli. 

[This  salt  ia  remarkable  for  the  beauty  of  its  eijsfak» 
and  not  less  for  the  brilliant  oolonm  of  many  of  ito  oom- 
pounds. — R.  E.] 

13  KCNHEix,  Louis  Albebt  Hugo^  Beriim^-^ 

Producer. 
A  complication  of  crystals  of  sugar  of  lead. 
Blue  yitriol.    Acetate  of  soda. 
Sulphate  of  magnesia.    Pink-salt. 
Acetate  of  lime.    Sulphate  of  alumina. 
Oxide  of  tin.    Nitrate  of  lead. 
Tin-salt.    Alum. 

Carbonate  of  soda.  Sulphate  of  soda.  Phosphate  of  soda. 
Tinate  of  soda.    Cyanate  of  potassium.    Chloride  and 
bichloride  of  tin. 

Oxide  of  uran,    Tungstenio  add. 
Yin^gar.    Potash. 


14       Sanden  Bebnuabd,  Yon,  Wiese  and  MarwiU, 
near  Prussian  HoUamd — ^Producer. 
Samples  of  raw  and  refined  sugar  from  beet-root,  tin 
growth  of  the  estate  of  Marwitz,  belonging  to  the  exhi- 
bitor, and  produced  at  his  su^ar-reflnery,  being  the  int 
erected  in  the  proyince  of  EOnigsberg,  in  the  year  1860. 


15  Chbistiani,  C.  H.,  Kerstenbmch^  near  WrietMem- 

on-the'  Oder — Producer. 
Bottles  of  beer  and  extract  of  beer  for  ships'  use^  brewed 
without  malt. 

[Qermany,  generally,  like  all  the  northern  regions  of 
Europe,  is  less  fayoured  by  nature  than  the  countries 
of  the  South,  with  their  yarious  gums  and  their  oila ;  but 
she  has  abundance  of  other  materials  used  as  Ibod. 

Agriculture  Lb  by  no  means  adyanoed  in  Qetmany  to 
that  degree  of  perfection  which  it  has  attained  in  lewglMMi 
and  in  Belgium.  But  the  manufeotures  of  s|Hrit  and  of 
sugar  are  carried  on  on  almost  eyery  large  estate  jyirfadH 
in  the  Zollyerein  to  a  degree  of  great  perfection.  In  the 
manufacture  of  beer,  especially,  the  Bayarian  kind  is  uni* 
yersally  celebrated.] 

16  Fabthkann,  Captain,  Klein-Sckwein — 

Manufecturer. 

Dried  "potato-cuts'*  (shoed  potatoes),  prepared  in  a 
peculiar  manner,  so  as  to  keep  for  years,  fine  potato 
flour ;  middling  flour  of  the  same }  black  floor ;  uia  bnuL 

Out  of  100  lbs.  of  cut  potatoes,  prepared  and  dried  by 
the  exhibitor,  were  produced : — 50  Ids.  of  fine  flour ;  14  lbs. 
of  middling  flour;  24  lbs.  of  black  flour;  and  6  lbs.  of 
bran. 

[It  may  be  necessaiy  to  state  that  there  exists  a  moet  im- 
portant distinctionbetween  the  flour  obtained  from  potatoes 
and  wheat  flour.  The  latter  Lb  rich  in  mtrogenous  prin- 
ciples, the  former  oonsiMw  chiefly  of  starch,  smd  its  nntri- 
tiye  properties  are  proportionally  low.  The  potash  pre- 
sent in  the  potato  is  considered  to  ferm  an  in^portanl 
dement  in  its  adaptation  to  nutrition,  as  a  source  of  sup- 
ply of  that  substance  to  the  animal  economy. — "R,  S.] 

17  Gbobs,  J.  D.,  JPgr&'»~Manufectnwr. 
Yanille  chocolates  j   Sant^  chocolates^  without  ipioss 

spiced  chocolates. 


18      PAET8CH,  GeobqeTheodobe,  WfieUen  om  H§ 

Oder — ^Manufecturer. 
Potato-starch  synro.    This  syrup,  prepared  from  pota- 
to-starch  and   carefully  purified,  is  clear    and  swuet| 
and  is  much  used  by  the  German  brewers. 


PRUSSIA. 


1049 


19  Kbitmi,  Jl  T^  SirmUmmd    Produoer.   (LoDdon  Agent, 

Mr.  Charles  Jonet,  17  Mark  Lane.) 
SCardi,  prvptfed  finom  the  wheat  of  Um  coimtij  roimd 
StnUund.  

20  WsiLi^  C,  ^er^M— Hanu£Mrtiirer. 
Tarioui   descriptions  of  fruits,  preserved  in    sugar. 

Tcfvtablcs,  preserrad  partly  in  butter,  partly  in  their 
oaTaral  sUte.    Potted  Urks. 


21 


Lakdbssdblstbb  toh,  MMraedttUZf 
SUetia — Producer, 
of  potato-starch. 


oo 


Tkb  Botal  Rncorvmro  Dfcp^T,  Treptow^ 
Pomerania — Producers. 

Owded  wool,  the  fleece  of  a  ewe  four  years  old,  and  of 
tke  Electoffal  braed ;  the  weight  of  this  fleece  was  after  the 
shearing  44  U^  including  the  fleece-wooL  When  younger 
the  i(ji^  was  larger,  tfa^  weight  of  the  fleece  was  some- 
what higher,  and  the  wool  also  plainer  and  less  curled. 

Carded  wool,  the  fleece  of  a  ram  three  years  old;  the 
weight  of  this  fleece  was  after  the  shearing  5t  lb.,  including 
the  fleeoe-wool. 

Carded  wool,  the  fleece  of  a  ram  four  years  old ;  the  weight 
of  the  fleece  was  after  the  shearing  5]  lb.,  including  the 


23     Thaxb,  a.  p..  Councillor,  Mdeglin^  near  Wrietxen- 

on-ihe-  Oder — ^Producer. 
Washed  and  raw  wool-fleeces,  from  the  staple  flock  at 
M deglin,  intended  to  illustrate  the  richness  of  wool  wiMi 
flnenese  of  hair  in  the  merino  breed. 


24      LCBBIBT,  Eduasd,  Zweibrodi^  near  Breslam — 

Phxluoer. 
SpedmeDS  of  wooL 


25    Tov  LiPSKi,  lOKATius,  Lndomjft 

Poeen — Produoer. 
Bperiraens  of  wool,  in  glasses,  Ac. 


Obemide<t 


*J»j       Hey,  Hiffh  Administrator  of  t  he  Royal  Domain 
— Haynthmrffy  Sachsen — Producer. 
Wool-fleeces  from  the  flock  of  the  exhibitor  at  XEains- 
^ire.  

27    Royal  Admiitisteation  of  Frankenfelde,  near 
Wrieizen^n-tke-Oder,  OcKEL — Exhibitor. 
Fk»T«  of  a  ram  and  of  ewes,  sheared  in  the  spring  of 

i*o<>. 

Samples  of  wool,  in  show  glasses. 

2'*      RoTHSCHUD,  Babo5  8.,  Vo5,  Oderberg,  Sileeia 

Superior — Producer. 

Fltvee  of  merino  ram,  two  years  old  ;  fleece  of  merino 
ran  I,  thr*v  years  old;  fleeces  of  merino  ewe  and  of  its 
kDib ;  derce  of  merino  lamb  three  years  old. 

Tiw  tl«>*-k  from  wliich  these  flixH.'cs  have  been  selected  is 
•«iii  to  hf  one  of  the  most  celebrated  in  Silesia ;  and  out 
«>f  it,  slieep  for  breeding  are  sold  to  Silesia,  llungar}-, 
Oaikaa,  and  Pomerania, 

2*j        KCBPFEB,  Councillor  of  Legation,  Bromherg 

— Producer. 

Mrrino  fleece*  of  two-year-old  ewes. 

Kxiiihitt^l  on  account  of  the  fineness  and  rc^darity  of 
tlu»  wfjol-ntaple,  and  as  an  illustration  of  the  advance 
<'i  the  prrxluction  of  wool  in  the  Prussian  countries  of 
t:.<'  Mid<lle  Vistula. 


.  ;*  I      NoRDMA3nr,  O.  L.,  LUzkowo,  near  Inowraclaw 

— ProdutxTT. 
FU^eres  of  wool,  exhibiting  great  regularity  in  the  staple. 


:;i  WiSkLAE,  F.,  -fler/i»— Manufactuwn*. 

An  assortment  of  preparwl,  bleached,  and  dyed  mush- 
r'-.-m*  and  Venetian  sponges.      Tlie  finer  raw  sponges  an* 


imported  from  Italy,  the  Greek  isles,  and  the  Levant  by 
way  of  Yenice,  Trieste,  or  Hamburgh.  In  the  prepara- 
tion the  raw  sponges  lose  from  50  to  76  per  oent.  in 
weight.  The  sponges  purified  by  chemical  process,  as  well 
as  Uiose  dyed  fiist  colours,  are  produoect  by  a  method 
inyented  by  the  exhibitor. 


32     EcKABDSTsnr,  Askold,  Babov  of,  BeU^enau 

— Producer. 
Fleece  of  wool,  exhibited  on  account  of  the  regularity 
of  the  wo<d-etiq^le. 

[Within  the  last  few  years  the  importation  of  wool  into 
the  ZoUyerein  exceeded  the  general  exports  of  that  ma- 
terial from  it ;  but  under  this  difierenoe  of  drcuniBtanoes, 
that  whilst  "  conmion ''  and  **  middling"  sorts  of  wool 
of  low  prices  are  imported  from  Austria,  Poland,  Russia, 
and  Turkey,  the  ZoUyerein  exports  an  immense  quantity 
of  wools  of  the  finest  quality  from  Saxony,  Silesia,  the 
Marks,  and  Prussia  (for  the  manu&cture  of  the  beet 
cloths  and  fabrics),  to  Great  Britain,  Belgium,  and  France. 
Stolpen,  Lohmen,  Klipphausen,  and  Kischwitz  in  Saxony, 
Panten,  Borutin,  Chizelitx  in  Silesia,  Frankenfelde,  and 
Mdglin  in  the  3ilarks — all  these  places  hayo  acquired 
for  their  wools  in  Europe  a  reputation.  The  Zollyerein 
specimens  in  this  department  of  production,  many  of 
which  appear  also  in  the  English  and  other  departments 
of  the  Exliibition,  will  meet  with  much  attention.] 


33     ScHWEBiN,  CoxTNT  OP,  Wolfskogen^  Ukermark 

— Producer. 

Fleece  of  a  ram ;  fleece  of  a  ewe. 
The  flock  from  which  the  aboye  fleeces  haye  been  taken 
is  of  Saxon  breed. 


34        RuEFiN,  A.,  RUstem,  lAegnUz — Producer. 

Flax  grown  in  Silesia,  and  "  swingled"  after  the  Belgian 
metliod,  in  the  royal  flax-ciiltiyation  school  for  Lower 
Silesia ;  heckled  flax  prepared  in  the  same  school. 


35  The  Corporation  of  Millers,  Lissa — Manufacturers. 
Samples  of  ground  millet;    buckwheat  groats;   and 
oatmeal. 

[The  exports  of  the  various  kinds  of  grain,  fibre  and 
seed,  flour,  and  other  mill-ground  stuffs  from  the  Zollvcrein 
States,  exceed  the  imports  by  a  quantity  equivalent  in  value 
to  18  millions  of  ihalers,  and  those  of  wood  by  3  millions 
of  thalers  yearly.  Groat  Britain  is  the  princiiial  purchaser 
of  these  products  of  rural  agriculture  and  forest  cultiva- 
tion. For  her  flax  and  her  tow,  likewise,  Germany  finds 
a  market  in  England.  Potatoes  arc  not  exiwrtcd  as  such  ; 
but  the  principal  consumption  of  this  esculent  takes  place 
in  distiUation  for  the  making  of  brandy.  It  is  an  error  to 
imagine  primary  and  important  agricultural  and  horti- 
cultiuTil  products  ill  adapted  for  the  piu^wses  of  a  public 
exhibition.  Various  kinds  of  grain,  of  plants  and  seeds, 
are  well  entitled  to  attention  by  reason  of  their  novelty,  of 
the  interest  practically  attacliing  to  them,  or  of  their  utility, 
such  as  difl*erent  species  of  ixjelwl  barlt^,  flour,  and  batch 
made  from  them  ;  sago,  maccaroni,  and  vermicelli ;  dyeing 
articlt»s,  an  wood,  acconipaniecl  by  dyed  materials  to  show 
the  effect  prinluccd;  flax,  hemp,  tow,  wool,  and  other 
proiluctH  manufactunMl  into  linens,  cordage,  hurdle-work, 
impcr,  wadding,  coverlets,  baskets,  liats,  and  mats.  All 
these,  so  (ar  as  they  possess  a  character  of  commen-ial 
imporUnce,  have  been  considcretl  worthy  of  exhibition  in 
the  Zollvcrein.] 


1050 


PRUSSIA. 


36  ZiEGLER,  Babon  Theodobe  OF,  Dambrau  in 

Silesia — Producer. 
Three  fleeces  of  wool,  unwashed,  from  sheep  of  the 
genuine  Spanish  breed. 

[Wool  constitutes  in  Ghermany  one  of  the  most  important 
productions  of  her  husbandry ;  and  the  Zollverein  States, 
more  especially  with  reference  to  the  consideration  of 
quality  and  quantity,  must  be  regarded  as  among  the 
most  important  countries  for  the  most  valuable  branch  of 
production.  The  Zollverein  produces  annually  48  mil- 
lions and  a-half  cwt.  of  German  wools  from  about 
22,000,000  sheep.] 

37  LoBENZ,  GusTAVUs,  Wbl^ast — ^Manufacturer. 
Samples  of  glue,  exhibited  on  account  of  its  clearness 

and  perfect  freedom  from  smell. 

38  BoLZANi,  A.  M.,  Berlin — Inventor  and  Producer. 
A  hanging  spinning-hive  for  silkworms,  on  the  prin- 
ciple of  beehives,  to  prevent  the  production  of  double 
cocoons. 

Cocoons  of  silkworms. 


39 


KiszEWSKi,  Parodies,  near  MeserOZf  Pasen — 

Producer. 

Specimens  of  raw  silk,  made  of  4,  5,  6,  and  7  twisted 
threads.  Produced  upon  the  property  of  the  seminary  of 
Paradies. 


40  Tessleb,  D.  F.,  Stolp — Manufacturer. 

Two  pieces  of  raw  yellow  amber,  as  cast  up  by  the  sea. 
Si>ecimens  of  such  dimensions  are  very  rare ;  100  doUars 
(15/.)  are  often  paid  for  one  pound. 

Six  pounds  of  amber  beads. 

Pieces  of  amber  enclosing  insects. 

[From  the  researches  of  Dr.  Karl  Thomas  it  appears 
that  under  a  nearly  horizontal  stratum  of  alluvial  sand 
and  coal-bearing  clay,  on  the  Samlandic  coast,  Ues  a 
stratum  of  amber  earth.  This  has  been  explored  w^here  it 
rises  above  the  level  of  the  sea,  and  carbonized  coniferous 
wood  is  found  in  it  with  organic  remains.  From  the 
amber  bed  on  the  coast  of  Dirschkeim,  extending  imder 
the  sea,  a  storm  threw  up,  on  Ist  January  1848,  no  less 
than  800  lbs.  The  amber  "  fishery  "  of  Prussia  formerly 
produced  to  the  king  about  25,000  crowns  a  month. 
After  a  storm,  or  an  unusually  high  tide,  the  amber 
coasts  are  crowded  with  gatherers.  Large  masses  of  amber 
are  occasionally  cast  up  by  the  waves. — B.  E.] 

41  Tessleb,  C.  L.,  Siolp — Manufacturer. 

Piece  of  wood  of  the  amber-tree ;  specimens  of  yellow 
amber  as  found  imder  ground,  and  as  thrown  up  on  the 
shores  of  the  Baltic  Sea. 

Set  of  yellow  amber  ornaments,  consisting  of  necklace, 
bracelets,  brooch,  and  pendants,  of  milk-white  colour. 

Amber  necklskce  and  cigar  mouthpiece  worked  clear. 
Cigar  mouthpiece  worked  dim  ;  eliibouque  mouthpiece. 

Smelling  bottle  ;  stand  with  two  smelling  bottles. 

Snuff-box  set  in  gold  with  the  miniature  of  Frederic  II. 

42  Fbeihebb  ton  Luettwitz,  Simmenau,  near  Ippeln 

— Producer. 
Samples  of  unhockled   flax ;   extensivelv  cultivated  at 
Ippeln.    Fleeces  of  wool,  from  the  flock  of  the  exhibitor. 

43  GbOkb,  William,  jun.,  Berlin — Manufacturer. 
Newly-invented  composition  for  dveing  wool ;    also 

patterns  of  woollen  yams  of  various  colours  dyed  with  it. 

44  IIetl,  J.  F.,  &  Co.,  Berlin — Manufacturers. 
Specimen  of  colours,  in  paste,  for  painters  and  paper- 

lianging  manufacturers  ;  chemical  substances  and  various 
boxes  of  colour. 


45  BbONVEOK,  OBSBBUBOaBAP  YON,  T^bnitz — 

Producer. 
Fleece  of  a  ram  and  of  a  ewe  of  the  merino  breed,  from 
the  exhibitor's  flock  at  Trebnitz. 


46  BbOnitxce:,  Obebbubogbaf  ton,  BelUchicUt,  near 

Rosenberg — Producer. 
Fleeoee  of  wool,  indiscriminately  selected. 


47      LEnHANN,  Bobebt,  Nitschsy  near  Kosten — 

Producer. 
Fleeces  of  fine  raw  wool 


48 


HoLTzsTAjm,  Bailiff,  Fbedsbice,  BerlU 

Producer. 


Samples  of  silk-like  vegetable  particles,  exhibited  to  show 
that  such  parts  of  plants  may  be  employed  in  designs  for 
the  manuracture  of  articles,  as  a  substitute  for  silk.  Ex- 
tracted by  the  exhibitor  from  plants  found  in  Pnissia  and 
other  countries. 


49         Fbiedbich,  C,  Potsdam — ^Manu&cturer. 
Park-carriage  or  phaeton. 


50        Getebs  k  Schmidt,  Ooerlitz — Proprietors. 

Black  and  coloured  broad  cloths.    Ladies*  cloths,  black 
and  blue.    Broad  buckskin. 


51   WOBSEN,  C.  A.  Yon,  k  Co.,  Orabow,  near  Sieliin 

— ManufjBcturers. 

A  complete  vertical  steam-pump,  with  double  working 
piston,  &c.,  instead  of  the  usual  valve. 


52  Hecemann,  C,  Berlin — ^Manafifctarcr. 

Vacuum  boiling  apparatus  of  6  feet  diameter,  with 
copper  (double  bottom)  and  tubes,  for  sugar  xvliniiig ;  with 
manometer  and  thermometer.  The  copper  and  Imas  plates 
belonging  to  the  apparatus,  as  well  aa  the  founding  of  the 
brass,  were  executed  by  the  exhibitor. 

Tlie  apparatus  contains  80  cubic  foet,  Ihroatiaa  nintiiini 
(equal  to  87  cubic  feet  English),  sufficient  for  846  loaves 
of  sugar,  at  30  lbs.  weight  each ;  it  boila  tlieae  lovrea  in 
li  hours,  out  of  clarified  mixture  of  80  **  BeMm^**  Ap. 
plicable  for  the  manu&cture  of  cane  and  beei  tngan^ 

This  apparatus  is  represented  on  the  next  pige. 


53  BoNABDEL  Bbothebs,  BerUn — ] 
Jacquard  machines  for  various  numben  of  hooks ; 

machine  for  striking  out  pattenu  for  jaoqpiud  work ; 
nuichine  for  cutting  corks. 

54  DoEBTTEL,  T.,  JPgrf>i»— Manofootuwr. 

Frill  machine.    A  plaiting-maehine  for  bobliimi  and 

laces. 

55  Leonhabdt,  J.  Edwabd,  Berlin — Mannfoctorer. 

A  newly-invented  type-founding  machine.  Zinoaawdl 
as  copper  moulds  can  be  employed  in  it  without  any 
alteration.  Exhibited  on  account  of  the  speed ;  the  ma- 
chine producing  4^000  types  per  hour. 


56        WiNTEB,  Febdinand,  Berlin — ^Manufoctnrer. 

Two  Jacquard  weaving-machines ;  improved  by  the  ex- 
hibitor, the  hooks  being  so  placed  that  thej  cannot  turn 
wlien  the  machine  is  at  work. 

Two  levers,  belonging  to  the  above-mentionedmachinfa. 


57       Thohab,  IIebmann,  Berlin — ^Producer  and 

Inventor. 

A  longitudinal  shearing-machine,  for  shawlB,  with  boat< 
ing  apparatus. 


1052  PBU 

58  HiMiNN,  A,,  Berlin— InyentoT  and  Manufectiirer. 
A  turning  lalht-  of  German  mBterinl,  exliibitcd  on  ac- 
count of  its  ohcsimeHB  i  tlie  bod  4  feet  long,  4^  inches 
brosd,  and  4i  inpho  high,  with  head-etocka  6  inthas  bigli, 
to  the  centre;  12  screw  pattema  and  chiacLt;  a  plate 
with  S  diiided  rings  nnd  indei ;  iron  flj-tcheoi,  to  be 
turned  hj  the  foot ;  eliding  and  c<inunon  rest ;  nnd  other 
reat  far  Bunporting  in  esie  of  baring  with  a  drill,  to  bore 
chucks.  A  Bmoll  rc«t  with  round  pirot,  attached  to 
■  aliiling  bed  with  holders  for  oldsoLi  and  drilla.  A 
driUing-lninie  for  omamentB.  Upon  the  apindle  are 
filed,  a  universal  ohuck  of  11  inches,  with  4  stoppers  ;  b 
smaller  one  of  B  inches,  with  holders  moved  hy  sorewa  ; 
an  oval  cliiu:k  ;  an  ecoentnc  chuck ;  a  wire  chuck  with  3 
holders,  for  wire  of  l-3rd  incli  diameter.  Chucks  of 
wrought  iron  with  8  sorews,  2  iiollow  chucks,  ehuek  in 
the  form  of  a  drill,  and  chuck  with  a  wood  screw,  1  drill, 
1  centre  chuck,  and  1  kej. 

59  Bknnkb,  B.  Bt  jun.,  Sretlau — Manufacturer. 
Specimens  of  a  line  roof  after  the  construction  of  the 

«3Juhi(or,  which  requires  only  a  very  small  inclination, 
and  by  which  the  zinc  can  Bipsnd  and  contract  according 
to  the  temperature.  The  f^l«ning3  of  the  plates  with- 
stand the  most  violent  storms. 

Models  of  Ibe  same  on  a  similar  scale. 

60  GEnHKiHK,  T.,  J*r/Mt— Menu&cturer. 
Priming-pin  rifle-gun,  inLud  with  silTpr,  half  stock  and 

)uur  trigger.  Rifle,  with  fidl  stock  and  hair  trigger, 
arranged  to  receive  s  liunting-knife.  Doiiblc-barreUed 
gun,  with  grooveii  barrels  iu&d  with  gold  and  silver. 
Shooting  implements. 

fil         LpEDLiCH,  WiLHELH,  Potea — STaniifactiUT^r. 

Rifle,  with  screw-driver,  jrawder  measure,  and  bullet 
mould.  

62  Ohlk,  EttNST  Fbbdebic,  Heirs  of,  Birilait— 

Manufacturer. 
Samples  of  shot-tiibee  made  by  the  hvdrauhc  pres», 
tinned  inside  and  outside,  and  of  ten  diilbrent  cabbree. 
PresM^  wire  of  diflbrent  duuneters.  Red  lead  and  htharge 
earefullj-  prepared.  Stri^^j  of  bvdlets.  Sheet  lead  tinned 
by  an  improved  method !— all  of  Silesian  lead. 

63  GezTBOWSKI,  H.,  FoimioBi— Manu&cturcr. 

A  gaa  of  fine  workmanship,  in  a  case  of  rosewood, 
mounted  in  Gorman  silver. 

64  KsHL,  JoKH  CoNB.,  Berlin — Manubctuier. 

A  pair  of  pistols,  higlJj  finished,  with  implementa  for 
cleaning,  casting  balls,  &c.  Qun-barntlg  finished  bj  tlie 
fihibilor. 

65  SwHiE,  Dr.  Edwabb,  Ber/in— Inventor  and 

Patentee. 
Pfttent  cliaff-cutting  mEicliine  for  straw  and  other  vege- 
table Bubslonies,  containing  a  new  application  of  vulcan- 
ized India-rubber.     Manufactured  bj  F.  Tliiclo,  Jleriin. 

66  BarcKiBCB,  Whjiblm,  Koppilt,  near  Orotkau— 

Proprietor. 

Beehives  on  tbeDeieron  ajstcm,  out  of  which  the  wai, 

honey,  bees,  4ti.,  are  easily  taken.    Erect  double  beehive ; 

long  low  b«;hive  J  queen  bee's  basVet;  straw  liivo,  entire, 

Bnd  divisible  into  parts;  models  of  the  same. 

67  8F8KS0BI.  k  HiBTKilTK,  Brgeatnalde,  FonuraiUa 

—Manufacturer*. 
Sowing-machine  1  drill-machiue ;  Indian  ooni  thrashing- 
machine;  Flanders  plough,  altered  bj  Schwan;  Pome- 
ranian vibrating  plough  (  Mecklenbourg  hoe,  with  yoke ; 
^a«t  Prussian  srarilier,  with  yoke;  IS-sharo  crooker; 
uodsiground  plough  g  water-fumiw  plough. 


C8         GrEHUH,  PiEBBK,  BtrUat — MauuGurturer. 

Might-docks ;  cartel  bronio  clocks.  Sundry  clock- 
works.   Regulator-works. 

69        Kedboee,  ApQirsTra,  iinimiejy— Inventor. 

Xllectro-mBgnetic  self-ivgistering  anemometer.  A  «y*- 
tem  of  four  eloctro-magnels,  each  endrclKi  with  50  feet  nX 
copper  wire.  The  galvanic  circuit  ia  completed  by  qoict- 
silver  every  hour  \n  means  of  clockwork. 

Bv  means  of  this  instrument  the  eight  diSercnt  poinU 
of  the  wind  may  be  discovered  at  any  tinie  and  at  anf 
distance;  at  the  same  time,  (he  direction  of  the  wind  can 
bo  hourly  written  down  by  means  of  the  clock. 

[Hydro-eloctricily,  which  is  the  grand  agent  in  opera- 
tions of  this  kind,  is  different  in  the  phenomena  it  exhiHta 
from  that  of  diy  electricity,  or  that  shown  by  an  electrical 
machine.  Par  whilst  the  latter  eiMbilB  its  moat  remai^abl* 
properties,  by  accumolation,  even  at  rest,  u  in  the  charged 
jar,theelcelrieily  of  the  galvanic  battery  is  scapcidy  percep- 
tible, unless  that  which  is  called  the  circuit  he  cnmplde; 
which  is  the  case  when  the  poles  of  the  galraniobattoyar* 
connected  by  a  continnous  piece  of  metal,  as  a  wire,  or 
other  conducting  substance,  as  water,  then  considering  tho 
buttery  as  a  conductor,  and  hence  the  oireuit  is  rmn- 
plolfld.  The  electricity,  during  the  time  the  ballerf  is  in 
action,  moves  through  the  circuit.  This  conducting  circuit 
may  be  of  any  form. — J.  G.] 


70        Kvsal,  JoHAKN  A.,  BwMb— Manufacturer. 

Sets  and  half-sets  of  artiitcial  tocth.  Samples  ofenamd 
invented  by  the  eiliibitor  for  the  manufittturo  of  ■  aingl« 
tooth  or  set  of  toelh. 


71  BESS.tLiE,  H.  p.,  Breilau — Mannfacturer. 

Patent  rosewood  grand  piano,  with  English  mnJianifin 
and   armngcruent,  for  easier  tuning  and  tightening  tht 


72         Thiemke,  a.  p.,  flpriiB— ManuJacturm. 

Brasa  travelling  clock,  in  leather  caae,  with  slop  and 
compensator  to  go  eight  days,  eirikea  the  quarttn  and 
hours,  and  repeats  at  every  quarter  the  last  hour. 


73      GcBiCKJt,  B.,  Znueis,  i 

and  Manubctnrar. 
Grand  piano  in  rosewood,  with   no 
mechanism.     The  mechanism  patented  in  1849. 

The  piano  was  wholly  constructed  by  the  exhibitor 

himself. 


4  SiEOBBT,  C,  ^«M'n— Manu&ctQTer. 

Complete  vacuum-appamtus  on  a  wooden  atand ;  double 
rorking  air-pump,  with  a  wooden  stand,  belonging  to  tb« 


75       SlEMiNN,  GcsTiT,  BannJrwan— Manufacturer. 
Small  house-ciocks,  eihibitcd  for  beauty  and  eieculion. 


70  BiUMASN,  Theohor,  BerlU — Inventor. 

An  instrument  for  a«certaining  the  length  of  measnns, 
after  Bessel's  mode.  The  micrometers  are  pLK»d  on  • 
strong  mahogany  beam,  ond  Ibo  slide,  which  ™rric«  thi» 
two  measures  to  be  compared,  is  so  arningcd  that  it  tDorea 
them  eiactly  behind  one  another  in  the  mioromcter  lii>e, 
and  there  relaina  them.  One  perfect  comparison  (whicli 
consists  of  eight  moasuremenls,  to  be  cioputed  4  time*  ia 
24  hours)  Bufllcea  to  ascerloin  the  length  of  3  fbet  (I  yard) 
to  within  0.„e„  lines  ;  tliis  requires  oidy  half  an  hour. 

Two-yard  measures,  one  of  which  reprewnls  the  lawful 
and  accepted  meastiro ;  the  other  a  copy,  to  bo  compand 
with  tlio  ionner. 


PRUSSIA. 


1053 


77  IS  OVERT,  F.  A.,  Barthj  near  Stralnmd^  Province  of 
P&merania — ManufiuHurer. 

Qlnem  plates,  with  dirisioxiB,  applicable  for  obserrations 
with  the  microeoope. 

Ocular  mieroiiietor  for  telesoopes,  with  dear  lines  in 
the  dark  hoiiaon. 


78  Tdcdk,  Fribdrich,  Berlin — Manufiu^urer. 

(Agent,  Mr.  Oertling,  London.) 
Astrooomioal  rogolator,  with  linchpin  and  weight  of 
braea,  book  of  wrought-iron,  and  polished  wooden  case. 
BoQK-cfaronometer  in  pieces,  in  a  polished  case. 

79  PoKOBinr,  J.  A.,  Berlin — Manufiu^tnrer. 

Pin  machine  of  iron. 

Liupis  infiemahs  mould,  with  twelre  groores. 

PiU  mortarB  of  iron. 

Lnfames'  deooction  spirit  lamp. 

Bcndins'  lamp,  with  brass  base  and  plate  of  china. 

InqiroTed  Berietiu^  lamp. 

GaaomeCer,  after  Pepys. 

Belt  riile-gim  and  puioL 

80  WmnxiCAinr  &  Co,  (Proprietor  of  the  firm, 

G.  Wilbnanns)  Berlin — Manufacturer. 
Grand  pianolbrte  (rosewood). 

81  LOmo,  C,  Berlin — Manufacturer. 

LervOing  instruments. 

Dioptric  telescope. 

Ruling  machine. 

Optometor,  for  ascertaining  the  distance  of  sight  in 
tiyiag  spectacle  glasses. 

Bsil  and  ring  to  demonstrate  the  expansion  of  metals 
bjheat. 

Gbae  of  mathematical  instruments,  of  G^erman  silTer# 

Gbae  of  mathematical  instruments,  in  brass. 

GsMs,  with  instruments  for  drawing, 
obacura. 


82        Baltzeb,  Adolph,  Frankfort  on  the  Oder — 

Inventor. 

An  .£olodion,  a  six-octave  keved  instrument,  with  metal 
rprings,  or  tongues,  caused  to  vibrate  by  means  of  bellows. 
The  tongues  can  be  tuned  several  notes  higher  or  lower 
bj  the  turning  of  a  key,  fixed  to  a  micrometer  screw.  A 
•'crescendo,*'  or  **  decresoendo,**  can  be  produced  by  means 
of  thepedaL 

Striking  clocks,  which  go  a  year. 

Pendulum  clock,  iudicating  the  variation  of  the  time  at 
twenty  difierant  places. 

[The  invention  of  clocks  has  been  ascribed  to  Boethius, 
A.D.  510,  but  clocks  like  those  now  used  are  of  later  in- 
vention. The  first  on  record  is  one  at  Bologna,  in  1856. 
HeoTj  de  Wyck,  a  Gkrman,  made  clocks  about  1364;  the 
nature  of  their  machinery  is  preserved.  Clocks  were  pro- 
bably introduced  into  this  country  about  1368,  by  Edward 
the  Third,  and  became  common  in  the  fourteenth  century. 
Pmdulum  clocks  were  invente<l  in  1641,  by  Richard 
Harris,  London.  At  first,  in  contradistinction  to  the  sun- 
dials, they  were  called  nocturnal  dials.] 


83       LUHKI,  J.  F.,  k  Co.,  Berlin — Manufacturers. 

Fluoric-acid  apnaratiis  of  platinum. 

A  balance  for  chemical  analysis. 

Apfiaratu«  for  the  polarization  of  light ;  employed  for 
safrnsrine  tubstanceo. 

Air-pump,  with  oblique  action. 

Kipp't  sulphuretted  hydrogen  apparatus,  of  glass. 

Bkjwptpe  apparatus  of  platinum. 

Bakncrs  for  weighing  100  grains,  60  grains,  and  25 
grains. 

Platinum  bowls. 

Platinum  crucibles,  with  Uds. 


Berzelius  and  other  chemical  lamps,  Mohr's  balances ; 
and  a  number  of  articles  for  chemical,  philosophical,  and 
pharmaceutical  purposes. 

84  LUPPOLD,  — ,  Stettin — Inventor. 
Instruments  for  accoucheurs,  composed  of  steel,  ivory, 

and  German  silver,  after  Professor  Busch's  plan,  improved 
by  the  exhibitor,  by  a  head-screw,  which,  by  turning  the 
instrument  by  means  of  the  hindermost  head-screw,  can 
be  easily  taken  away  and  replaced. 

85  GoLDSCHHiDT,  S.,  Berlin — Manu&oturer. 

An  assortment  of  surgical  and  philosophical  instru- 
ments, bandages,  artificial  limbs,  syrmges,  and  a  magnetic 
apparatus. 

86  Bbimaitn,  L.,  Berlin — ManufSusturer. 
Balance,  in  a  rosewood  case,  which  weighs  from  one 

milligramme  to  one  kilogramme ;  that  is,  from  ^  of  a 
grain  to  2ilbs.  avoirdupois.  The  middle  or  suspension 
knife-edge  rests  upon  a  polished  stone,  and  the  scsde-knife 
edges,  &C.,  are  so  arranged  that  the  balance  can  be  used 
without  opening  the  case. 

Set  of  gramme  weights,  of  brass,  gilt  by  galvanic  process, 
from  one  gramme  to  one  milligramme,  with  ivory  forks 
and  pincettes. 

[This  balance  is  remarkable  for  sensibility,  as  it  turns 
with  about  the  millionth  part  of  the  extreme  weight  which 
it  can  weigh ;  but  it  is  not  equal  in  this  respect  to  the 
balance  made  by  Bamsden  for  the  Boyal  Society,  which  is 
capable  of  weighing  lOlbs.,  and  turning  with  one-hundredth 
of  a  grain,  or  the  seven-millionth  part  of  the  extreme  weight. 
The  necessity  of  enclosing  such  delicate  instruments  in 
glass  cases  is  manifest ;  but  even  in  such  cLrcumstanoes 
they  are  afiected  by  surrounding  objects.  Speaking  of 
Bamsden*s  balance,  Dr.  WoUaston  is  reported  to  have  said 
that  when  Mr.  Pond  was  making  some  observations  with 
it,  he  found  its  indications  afiected  by  his  position  rela- 
tively to  the  arms ;  the  radiation  of  heat  from  his  body 
causing  the  arm  to  wliich  ho  stood  nearest,  to  preponde- 
rate.—tT.  G.]  


87  Oebtlino,  August.,  Berlin — Inventor.    (Agent  in 

London,  Mr.  Louis  Oertling,  13  Store  Street.) 

Chemical  balance,  with  weights. 

Balance  for  chemical  and  physical  purposes,  with 
weights,  containing  arrangements  to  weigh  all  descriptions 
of  substances,  and  to  ascertain  specific  gravity. 

Balance  for  chemical  and  physical  purposes,  in  large 
dimensions,  with  weights. 

Hudley's  sextant,  7i-inch  radius. 

Hudleys  sextant,  5-inch  radius. 

Beflecting  goniometer,  of  a  new  construction  after  Wol- 
laston,  with  unprovements  by  Mitcherlich  and  Poggen- 
dorf.  

88  HoPFMAifN  &  Ebebhardt,  Berlin — Merchants 

and  Manufacturers. 

Complete  assortment  of  apparatus  and  articles  for 
chemical,  philosophical,  and  j)]iarmaceutifal  purjwses. 

Balance-beams,  horn  spatube  and  spoons,  glass  and 
metal  cocks,  test  cylinders,  blow-pipe,  polished  spatulee, 
diamond  pen  to  \%Tito  on  ^lass,  stoppered  bottles,  receivere 
for  air-pimi])8  and  gas,  snirit  lamps  and  retorts. 

Micro90oi)es.  Model  of  a  telegraph  for  schools.  Polariza- 
tion apparatus,  diamond  mortar  of  steel,  tliermo-electric 
ehain,  model  of  a  steam-engine  for  schools,  air  pumps, 
Berzehus  lamps,  sun-dial  for  Berlin  ;  various  small  articles 
in  glass,  &c.,  as  funnels,  corkscrews,  &c. 

89  BrsCH,  E.,  Rathenow — Manufacturer. 
Spectacle  settings  and  glasses. 

Telescope  settings. 

Assortment  of  lupines,  opera-glasses,  and  daguerreotype 
heads. 

Large  telescope,  with  foot,  and  various  others.  Ear 
trumpet.  4  G  2 


1054 


PRUSSIA. 


90  BuKKAKK,  A.,  EiUam,  near  Landahertf^  an  the 

Warthe — Manufiicturer. 
A  guitar.  

9 1  YoELKSL,  J.  G.,  &  Co.,  LangenhieUm  and  Breslan 

— ManuiGujtiirers. 
Pieces  of  cotton  stuffs  for  dothiug,  red  inlet,  Jacqaard 
ticks,  and  bed-ticks.    Table-cover. 

92  DiEBiG,  Chbistiav,  Lanffenbielan,  near  Eeichen- 

bach,  SUeeia — ManufiBK^turer.. 
Jacquard  diaper,  £ut  colours,  made  of  a  warp  of  double- 
cotton  yam,  united  with  English  machine  yam ;  the  same 
made  of  single-cotton  twis^  warps  united  with  English 
machine  linen  jam.  Jacquard  diaper,  made  of  Chmese 
grass;  the  same  woren  of  blue  fancy  silk  and  English 
machine  linen  yam.  Pattern  of  bed-tick,  warp  of  crim- 
son organzine  silk,  united  with  bleached  Chinese  grass 
yam.    Black  and  coloured  glaaced  cotton  shirtings. 

93  Nauen,  Loewb,  &  Co.,  Berlin — ^Manu&cturers. 
Various  pieces  of  calicoes,  printed  in  sundry  manners. 

WoTcn  by  power-looms  in  Berrberg  and  Marklissa  in 
Silesia,  and  bleached  and  printed  at  Berlin. 


100  GBI88LEB,  Charles  Saxukli  OdrUU — 

Manufiioturer 
Woollen  cloths,  black,  bronze,  puiple,  blue,  boltle- 
green,  marine-blue,  olive,  red,  green,  dyed  in  the  weed, 
gold,  and  bronze ;  manufactured  out  of  Sileaian  wods. 

101  BUFFEB,  a  B.,  &SoN,  UegmU^  aUena— 

Manufacturer. 
Imperial  brown  and  blue  woollen  cloths  dyed  in  the 
wooL  Electoral  woollen  doth.  Gentian  blue,  dyed  in 
piece;  Segovia  olive  colour,  dyed  in  the  wool;  Boyal 
black,  dyed  in  piece ;  and  cashmere^  dariL-greeo,  dyed  in 
the  wool. 


102  ScHEDEB,  J.,  &  Co.,  Sokweidniiz — Manu&ctuven. 

Specimens  of  buckskins  and  cloths  for 
Exlubited  for  cheapness  of  production. 


brooches,  Ac 


94  Mbntzel,  Boyal  Prussian  Privy  Councillor  of  the 

War  Department,  Berlin — Proprietor. 

A  variety  of  samples  of  blue  and  grey  miUtary  cloths, 
such  as  are  supplied  for  the  clothing  of  the  Boyal  Prussian 
army. 

Blue  cloths ! — 

Patterns  as  used  from  1817  to  1821,  1821  to  1824, 
1824  to  1849,  and  1849  to  the  present  time. 

Qrej  doths : — 

Patterns  <of  the  time  previous  to  1817,  and  as  fued  from 
1817  to  1821, 1821  to  1827,  1827  to  1829, 1829  to  1831, 
1831  to  1849,  and  1849  to  the  present  time.  Chiefly 
manu&ctured  in  the  provinces  of  Brandenburg  and 
Silesia.  

95  Fabiait,  C.  G-.,  Sumboldeau,  near  BreeUm — 

Manufiujturer. 
"  Pine-needle  wool**  for  upholstery,  intended  to  guard 
against  moths,  and  for  wadding;  sample  of  the  same,  dred 
black,  to  imitato  horse-hair.  '*  Pine-needle  wool  **  wad<UBg 
mattresses,  and  cover.  *'Pine-needle  wooF*  bolster  and  soles, 
combined  with  other  materials.  ''^  Pine-needle  wool*'  oil, 
used  for  mecBoinal  purposes;  extract  for  baths,  &c. 
"  Pine-needle  wool"  «oap. 

[Dr.  Lindley  observes,  with  reference  to  the  article  here 
described  as  *'  Pine-needle  wool,**  that  the  only  woolly  , 
tissue  belonging  to  coniferous  trees  with  which  he  is 
acquainted  is  a  small  quantity  that  covers  their  buds.  If 
the  articles  exhibited  are  really  what  they  profess  to  be, 
most  probably  the  wool  was  obtained  from  this  part  of 
the  pine-tree.  Its  medicinal  properties,  if  they  exist,  are 
due  to  the  resinous  matter  exuded  by  eveiy  part  of  the 
tree  from  which  this  **  wool**  is  said  to  be  derived. — ^B.  E.] 

96  Wald,  C.  F.  k  Son,  Zi2m»|^— Manu&cturers. 
Woollen  jrams,  dyed  and  white,  three  and  four  fold. 


97      iTziOBOHir,  Mabous,  Nendamm — Manufiicturer. 

Broad-cloths,  light  gnrv*  gi^  mixture,  and  blue  mixture. 

Qtrey  mixture  doth,  finished,  quality  as  used  by  the 
Prussian  military  for  doaks  and  trousers. 

Leather-colovred  dodi,  as  used  for  coaches,  finished. 


98      BsHBEin)  &  ScHinDT,  BerUm — Mann&oturers. 
Specimens  of  woollen  doth. 


99 


Habeblahd,  G.  ArousT,  lUulenpalde 
Manufitcturer. 
Specimens  of  black  doth. 


103  LuTZE  Bbothebs,  Coitbue—MamdKiwMn, 
Specimens  of  mulberry,  olive^  and  bhusk  dotha. 

104  CoHK  Bbothebs  &  Hebicahit,  Berlin — 

Manufrcturers. 
WooUen,  cotton,  and  silk  mixed  stufb  ;  woollen,  i^ain, 
and  fancy  stufis ;  hsicy  woollen,  and  wo<dIen  and  cotton 
mixed  stufili.         

105  CocKEBiLL,  William,  Onben  and  OoUbne-^ 

Mafualacturer. 
Baw  and  coloured  carded  yams,  spun  of  PomenDiaii 
wooL 

106  Bebgmann  k  Ca,  ^ei^i»— ManufiKrturers. 
Patterns  of  worsted  sephyr  yams,  best  quality.    The 

wools  used  for  these  zephyr  yams  were  manufiMStored  bj 
the  United  Spinning  Company  at  Gkrt^uL 

107  Felleb,  J.  G-.,  &  Son,  Omben-^Manxs&ictaien, 
Black  doths.    Black  royaL    Skeins  ofyam  emplojed 

in  the  manufacture  of  the  Mack  royaL  Ae  whole  exhi- 
bited on  account  of  their  cheapness  combined  with  qua- 
lity. Manufactured  from  the  raw  wool,  whidi  is  of  8ile> 
sian,  Pomeranian,  Marchian,  and  Prussian  growth  finr 
the  broad  doths ;  the  royal  is  manufiustured  from  a  mixturs 
of  Marchian  and  Australian  wools. 


108  SOHLIEF,  Samttel,  Onben — ^MannfMstorer. 
Various  specimens  of  black  doth  of  gii^i^«  and  Pomd 

wool,  exhibited  on  account  of  the  beauty  of  the  work, 
and  cheapness.    Black  satin. 

109  Fbiedheik,  S.  M.,  &  Sons,  BerUn^MMnu&dbaitn. 
Pieces  of  figured  Orleans.    Pieces  of 

Pieces  of  plain  Orleans. 


110        HoTFiCAirar,  Ekdmakv,  Soran. 

ManufiK^turer. 
Specimens  of  olive-green,  bronie,  and  blue  ladies*  doths. 
BUekdoth. 


111  TbauoottMbkeeASon,  JViM<0nMiU»— 

Manu^Msturer. 
Pieces  of  black  doth,  various;  maaufiustored  out  of 
Silesian  wooL 

112  BoBKANK,  F.  A^  Qoldherg  m  iSOaiMi— Modiaai 

and  Manu&oturer. 
Various  pieces  of  doth,  dyed  in  the  wool,  Uack  and 
blue,  dark  green  and  red. 

113  Mabx  &  Wbigebt,  Jler2ifi^Mann&otai«n. 
Cashmere  shawls,  in  sundry  colours  ^"^  Hjtmgnm     Mo- 
hair, woollen,  and  cotton  vdvets. 

114  Levin,  Henby,  &  Sons,  BerUm-^Mmn^Mtann, 
Cravats,  siJ^  silk  and  cotton  mixed.    Waiatooata,  ailk, 

worsted  and  rilk,  and  embroidered.  An  aaaortment  of 
silk  and  cotton  plush.  Loose  patterns  of  tuidiyBlk,  and 
silk  and  cotton  artidea. 


PRUSSIA. 


1055 


115  WiiOBW  ft  Oo,  Sokmidebefy,  aUeHO^Utamhc- 
tuTCffv.  (Agents,  Meesn.  Boniihson  &  Co.,  Fen- 
olmrdi  StieeO 

I— -Green 


ihswle : — Qreen  yeloon  d'Utreoht,  first  quA- 

^j.  Coloured  and  figiued  ydoon  d'Utreoht,  yariouB 
mudiliee.  Cbstorine.  PaUae,  yariouB  qualities.  Tallupp. 
T^u^avnt.     Leopard.     Oyal  cloaks  worked  on  the 


116     OiHia,  C.  W.,  ^M-^tfi — ManufiMrfiirer,  In- 

yentor,  and  Proprietor. 

Ptnali  lor  hats;  ezlubited  for  colour  and  texture ;  manu- 
frdaiwl  of  Italian  and  French  silk,  and  of  cotton  spun  in 
Bi^biid. 

Fsttflma  of  silk  jdnsh  for  caps. 


117  'KAJTwnujn,  HsBSMAinr,  ^ct-Ki*— Inyentor   and 

MannfiMtorer.  (A^ent  in  London,  Mr.  Carl 
Schwebemeyer,  8140zford  Street.) 

Ploah  for  fumitare,  in  real  colours.  Printed  plush  for 
lumitare,  designs  of  yarious  colours. 

JAwmrj  pluses,  of  yarious  qualities. 

Ploah  w  coats,  paletots,  and  shoe  g^^tures. 

A  large  aaaortment  of  cap  plush. 

Tdonrs  of  cotton  (Castorine). 

A  yariety  of  other  plushes. 

118  BcHliKFf,  BoBiBT,  JBrM(^— ManufiMJtupeT. 

Bel  of  small  warn,  composed  of  broad  and  small  silk 
and  worsted  borders,  tassels  and  gimps,  intended  for  a 
diviot.   Sets  of  small  ware,  less  costly,  intended  for 
Yarious  articles  of  smaU  ware,  as  bridles, 
Ac  • 


119  OiBinr,  On  jBef4t»— Manu&cturer. 
Tarious  silk  goods.    Silk  and  cotton,  silk  and  gold,  and 

Jlr  and  silyer  goods ;  of  original  designs. 

120  Knmnr,  Cbaslbb,  HirtMety,  SUeria — 

Proprietor. 

Linen,  made  of  hand-spun  yam.  Linen,  warp,  of 
machine-spun  yarn,  weft,  ot  hand-spun  yam.    Half  linen. 

Handkerchie&,  of  hand-spun  yam. 

ICanufiMTtuied  l^  the  weavers  in  the  neighbourhood  of 
Hnndiberg,  Prussia. 

120a       ElsSTBiir,  Chablbs,  Hirchberg^  Silesia — 

Proprietor. 
Samples  of  drugs  collected  in  the  neighbourhood  of 
HxTM^hberg,  yis. ;  —  Lovage,  hellebore,  yalerian,  Iceland 
root,  bilberries. 


121  SiTLEBg,  OoTTFBiED  (HciTs  of),  WuHewoUers- 

doffy  SiUna — Merchants. 
Bleached  f  yard  linen,  for  the  South  American  markets. 

122  WnaXT  k  Son,  Wustegiendoff,  SiUna — 

Manufacturers. 
White  linen.    Nos.  101  to  109  are  exported  to  Ame- 
under  the  name  of  Platillas. 


123  KAUTFiCAinr,  Mbtbb,  5<sA»«Jiw^x — Manufacturer. 
Half-linen  Jaoquard  driU,  red,  violet,  and  reddish-grey. 
Half-worsted  damask  for  furniture. 

Haif-linen  and  worsted  stuff  for  appareL 

124  KiMAinr  &  Obiblbb,  Hinchbertfy  Silesia — 

Proprietors. 
Four  pieces  of  bleached  linen,  warp  of  machine  yam, 
weft  of  Imnd  yam. 

125  BvOKL,  Ebkbt,  jun.,  OorlUz — Manufacturer. 
Hunting-bag  made  out  of  hemp  pack  thread,  with 

Samples  of  two  and  three  cord  extraordinary  fine  hemp- 


127  Stillib,  a.  B.  &  SoK,  /8it>ra#— Manufacturer. 
Lmen  and  half-linen  damask  ticking ;  table-doth  and 

napkins.  .^ 

128  Kbambta,  C.  a.,  &  Soirs,  FreUmrff,  in  Silesia 

— Manufacturers. 
Baw  and  bleached  hnens,  as  well  as  creas  and  pLatilles 
royales.    Dessert  napkins.   Lmen  handkerchiefii.    Diraer, 
jaoquard,  and  damask  table-cloths  and  napkins.    Kaw 
linen  machine  yam.    Sample  of  starch. 

129  PuBirrzBi.,  Johann  Chbyb.,  Greiffenburff^  Silesia. 
Various  specimens  of  linen  pocket  handkerchiefa  with 

woven  cotton  borders,  worked  on  a  common  loom. 

1 30  TsCHOBH  &  BOBOEL,  Wust^fiersdotf'— 

Manufacturers. 
Four  pieces  of  raw  and  white  household  linen ;  Nos. 
1  and  3,  2,400  warp  threads;  Nos.  2and4,  3,200 threads. 

131  SOHILDKNBOHT,  C.  P.,  JBtfrKi»— Manufacturer. 
Four  pieces  of  satin  d*Am^rique,  manufactured  out  of 

the  Agave  Americana^  for  furniture.    Shawls  of  various 
fabrics. 

[Agave  Americana  is  the  botanical  name  of  the  splendid 
American  aloe,  fabulously  said  to  flower  only  once  in  a 
century.  The  roots  and  leaves  of  this  plant  contain 
ligneous  flbre,  separable  by  steeping  and  bruising.  It  is 
also  used  for  making  paper,  and  {umishes  several  valuable 
products.  The  ligneous  fibre  constitutes  the  basis  of  the 
tissue  refaned  to. — ^B.  E.] 

132  Sufl8MANW&WnwBKTHAi.,JBerK»— Msnufacturers. 

(Agent  in  London,  Charles  Holland,  41  Fins- 

buiy  Circus). 
Assortment  of  various  articles,  manufactured  by  the 
exhibitors  from  the  raw  material,  indudins  plaids,  broch^ 
fides,  umbreDa,  and  ludUe,  manufactured  out  of  cotton 
warps  and  woollen-yam  w^ts ;  Esmeralda  and  umbrella 
China,  out  of  cotton  and  silk  warps,  with  woollen  yam 
and  silk  weft  j  tartan,  all  wool,  warp  and  weft. 

133  Metbb,  Max,  &  Co.,  JBffrfm— Manufacturers. 
Coloured  cotton  and  silk,  mixed  plush.      This  article 

is  exported  to  North  America. 


134  OpDBiraoFF  &  Habttjito,  Berlin — ^Manufacturers. 

(Agent,  A.  Heintzmann,  17  Ironmonger  Lane, 

Cheapside.) 
Shawls  of  various  kinds.     Plaid,  tartan,  Ac.    Woven 
and  finished  by  the  exhibitors.    The  woollen  yams  used 
are    of   German   make,  except  two  articles,  which  aro 
worked  partly  with  English  yams. 

135  Pnrrus,  H.,  jun.,  &  Co.,  Brandenburg — 

Manufacturers. 
Embroidered  Llama  stuff;  Cachemir  mixed  with  silk  ; 
double  Chin^;  Chine;  erniin;  Cachemir;  and  imperiaL 
Manufactured  from  carded  yams. 


136  Lehmann,  D.  J.,  JBerK» — Manufacturer.  (Agents, 
Messrs.  Ullmann,  Hirschhom  k  Co.,  2  Wal- 
brook  Buildings,  London.) 

Velours  d' Utrecht,  for  furniture,  Ac. 

Plush  for  caps,  vraistcoats,  collars,  coats,  and  linings. 

Square  and  double  long  shawls. 

Stuff  for  cloaks. 

Velvet  printed  table-covers. 

The  velours  d' Utrecht  and  plush  are  manufactured 
partly  of  linen  and  partly  of  double  cotton  warps,  with 
mohair  yam  weft. 

The  shawls  are  manufactured  some  of  wool  and  some 
of  cotton  warps,  with  carded  yam  weft. 

The  stuff  for  cloaks  is  made  in  the  same  manner. 


1056 


PRUSSIA. 


137  CoHK,  Philipp,  &  CJo.,  Berlin — Manufacturers. 
Assortment  of  woollen,  half-wooUen,  and  woollen  with 

cotton  and  silk  mixed,  square  and  long,  shawls. 

138  Lehmank,  Heinsich,  Berlin — ^Manufacturer. 
An  assortment  of  deerskin,  kid,  and  lambskin  gloyes. 


139  KOEN10,  L.,  Berlin — Manu&cturer. 

A  fiir  camaile,  composed  from  tails  of  narz,  lined  with 
minever. 


140        LusK,  Adolph,  Berlin — Manufacturer, 

Walking-sticks,  riding  whips,  life 
bone  and  cane,  covered  with  leather, 


Walking-sticks,  riding  whips,  life-preservers,  of  whale* 

ith  la 


141  Bechebbb,  Johann,  Berlin — Manufacturer. 
Specimens  of  horse  and  other  whips. 

142  Gbutzmaoheb,  G.  F.,  &  Sons,  Stettin — 

Manufacturers. 
Brown  calf-skins. 


143  KOPPE,  Albebt,  Berlin — Manufacturer. 
Assortment   of   card-board,  stone,  wood,  and  leather 

fancy  articles.  Alarums ;  desks  with  mechanism ;  needle- 
sharpeners  ;  a  Christmas  tree,  the  cupola  can  be  trans- 
parently illuminated  by  the  lamp  inside  of  it ;  a  night- 
lamp  stand.  

144  Bbtebhaits,  A.,  Berlin — Manufacturer. 

A  print  in  Chinese  characters.  4,200  punches  in  these 
Chinese  cliaracters  have  been  cut  in  steel  for  the  Ameri- 
can Missionary  Society  in  New  York.  The  types  are 
divisible  on  a  new  perpendicular  system ;  and  form,  by 
combination,  24,000  different  characters. 

1 45  Ebabt  Bbothebs,  Berlin — Manu&ctm^rs. 
Hand  papers  for  bank-notes,  &c.,  and  machine  papers 

sized  in  the  pulp  state  with  animal  glue,  from  the  paper 
mill  at  Speckthausen,  near  Neustadt,  Eberswald.  The 
same,  highly  sized. 

Samples  of  glazine-boards  and  carton-pierre,  for  roofi^ig, 
from  the  paper  miU  of  Weitlage,  near  Neustadt,  Ebers- 
wald. 

146  Glanz,  p.,  ^tfr&'»— Manufacturer. 

An  assortment  of  sealing-wax,  in  various  colours  and  of 
various  qualities. 

147  LiEPMAiw,  Jacob,  Berlin— Inrentor. 

Mass  of  colour,  for  printing  in  oil ;  1^  inch  thick,  and 
will  serve  for  1,000  copies ;  the  masses  can  be  formed  to 
serve  for  100,000  copies. 

[The  masses  here  exhibited  are  intended  to  form  a  con- 
venient substitute  for  the  ordinary  semi-fluid  printing  inks.] 

Relief  plate,  upon  which  the  printing  takes  place,  being 
a  cast  from  a  surface  painted  with  a  brush. 

Printed  picture,  from  the  two  foregoing  plates,  repre- 
senting the  Magdalen,  after  the  origlndi  picture  of  Murillo 
in  the  Royal  Museum,  Berlin. 

Another  mass  of  colour,  forming  a  border,  and  intended 
for  ornamental  printing. 

Specimens  prmted  bv  the  composition. 

Specimens  of  the  different  methods  of  printing ;  portrait 
of  the  painter  Kuptzky,  printed  upon  plaster  or  Paris ; 
picture  of  the  Saviour  on  wax  ground ;  another  on  paper, 
with  oil  ground ;  portrait  of  Frederic  the  Great  upon 
paper,  with  wax  ground. 

148  Deokbb,  Rudolph  Ludwio,  Berlin — 

Manufacturer. 
The  Bible,  in  royal  8vo,  as  printed  for  the  General 
Bible  Society  in  Prussia. 

The  same,  in  small  octavo,  on  finer  paper. 


The  Psalms  and  New  Testament.    Miniature  edition. 

The  same,  on  finer  paper. 

Five  volumes  of  the  works  of  Frederic  the  Gbeat,  in 
large  4to.  This  edition  was  printed  by  order  of  Hia 
Majesty  the  reigning  King  of  Prussia. 

Sixteen  volumes  of  the  same  works  of  Frederic  the 
Great,  in  large  8vo.  These  editions  were  superintended 
by  the  Roy^  Academy  of  Sciences.  The  former  is  not 
for  sale. 

Specimens  of  printing-types. 

Ilie  New  Testament,  after  the  German  edition  of  Dr. 
Martin  Luther,  of  the  year  1545. 

This  edition  of  the  New  Testament,  in  large  folio,  waa 
undertaken  by  the  exhibitor,  and  executed  under  his  par- 
ticular direction.  Only  one  hundred  copies  have  been 
struck  off.  The  paper  is  of  Berlin  manufacture.  The 
types  were  cut  in  steel  by  Johannes  Schilling.  The  draw- 
ings of  the  initials  are  by  Adalbert  Miiller.  The  wood- 
cuts were  executed  by  Professor  ITnzelmann,  M.  Otto 
Yogel  and  M.  Albert  Vogel,  and  under  their  direction. 
The  illustrations  were  designed  by  Comdiua  and  Kaul- 
bach ;  drawn  on  wood  by  M.  L.  Burger,  and  executed  by 
the  above-named  engravers.  The  binding  in  velvet  is  \^ 
Mr.  Vogt.  The  silver  ornaments  on  the  cover  and  the 
clasps  were  designed  hy  M.  Adelbert  MuUer,  and  executed 
in  embossed  work  by  M.  Netto. 

The  steel  punches  of  the  types  engraved  for  the  New 
Testament. 

Printing-types  as  used  for  the  same. 

Printing-types  of  English  characters. 

Electrotype  multipHcations  of  wood-cuts  and  oma- 
mented  letters. 

Specimens  of  brass  rules,  as  manufactured  at  the  letter 
foundry. 

Matrices  in  copper. 


149  Leise^aitg,  WiixiAic,  Berlin — Manufacturer. 

Album  of  velvet,  gilt,  containing  forty-five  leaves  of 
paper,  with  lock.  The  method  of  gilding  the  velvet  if 
patented. 

1 50  OsTEN,  L.  V.  D.,  Straleund — ^ManufiuTtorer. 
Printed  carpets ;  table-covers.  Large  and  small  pictures, 

printed  upon  muslin.  These  pictures  may  be  washed,  and 
the  painting  is  said  to  be  improved  by  the  opera^n. 
Very  rare  copies  of  woodcuts,  uter  Albert  Durcr.  FukM 
of  whist  cards  and  cards  for  ladies. 


151  WUTTIO,  G.  L.,  PiUverkruffy  Frankfbri  <m  ik« 

Oder — ^Manufacturer. 

Machine-paper,  coloured  or  stained,  in  sundry  sisee  and 

qualities. 

152  KOhn,  Cabl,  &  Sons,  Berlin — ManufiK^torera. 

Ledgers  of  different  dimensions,  bound  in  leather  and 
morocco.  Pattern  card  of  ruled  sheets.  Large  case  of 
red  morocco,  for  keeping  copper-plates,  prints,  £c.  Large 
portfolios  and  coloured  sample  sheets.  Portfolios,  for 
bills  of  exchange.  Pocket-books,  for  paper  and  noCei. 
Portfolios,  in  blue  and  brown  morocco.  Albums,  in  Uue 
velvet  and  in  morocco.  Portfohos,  with  partitions  and 
silk  Unings.  Cigar  cases.  Porte-monnaies.  Portfcdioa 
in  quarto.    Albums  and  books  in  octavo. 


153 


ScHAXFBB,  Otto,  &  Schbibb,  Berlim — 
Manufacturers. 
Samples  of  ornamental  papers.  The  drawinn  and 
patterns  are  partly  original,  partly  imitations  of  older 
patterns.  The  plates  from  which  these  impressioiis  were 
taken  are  prepared  by  the  electro-type  process  from  papier-> 
mach^  moulds.  Embossed  and  visitinff  cards.  Speei* 
mens  of  papeterie  in  boxes  and  portfidios.  SWicj  en- 
velopes. 


PRUSSIA. 


1057 


154    ScHOSimre,  HxBMAinr,  Berlin — Manniiifiturer. 
Albuin,  in  dark  red  Telyet,  gilt. 
Alter  BiUe,  in  morocco  leather. 


155    WAOlfZB,  J.  G.,  jnn.,  Berlin — Ifanufiicturer. 

Proo&  of  engraring  in  copper,  steel,  metal,  wood,  and 
Hthographj,  executed  hy  the  ruling  and  relief  copyins- 
nttchioes  of  the  exhitntor.  These  machines  are  frequentfy 
QMd  in  ornamenting  cheques,  &c.,  for  greater  security 
igaiiift  imiUtion. 

1 56  HoESKK  k  KOhn,  BerUn — Manufiicturers.   (Agent  in 
London,  Mr.  Green,  17  Gknigh  Square,  Fleet  Street.) 
Spedmma  of  letter-press  printing  in  three  or  more 
coloiirs,  hj  a  new  process,  and  paper,  used  for  colour 
{Minting,  of  a  peculiar  manufiicture,  by  a  new  process. 


157 
In 


SrsoFBiED  NoHKE,  Berlin — 
Manufacturer, 
of  printed  cashmere  table-corers. 


1  o8  Tbautwein,  T.,  ^w/i»— Publisher. 

Map  of  the  industry  of  Central  Europe,  dra¥m  on  linen. 
upon  roller. 


1  r^9      Stkphait,  A^  a  Co.,  BerUn — Manu&cturers. 

Pieces  of  cotton-twill  dyed,  partly  without  finish, 
fMvtly  glased  and  embossed.  Exhibited  only  on  account 
%]€  the  colours  and  the  finishing. 


160  QcmLKuaSyJI.y  Berlin. 

Aasortment  of  embroideries  in  mosaics,  &c. 


A  fire- 


161     SnxF  &  Has&ass,  Potsdam — Manufacturers. 

Specimens  of  embossed  silk ;  the  textiure  represents  the 
Keptune  grotto,  built  by  Frederick  the  Great,  at  Sans 
SoucL  Tl^se  specimens  deserve  particular  notice,  on  ac- 
count of  the  superior  workmanship.  Designed  by  the 
exhibitors.     Tlie  raw  silk  woven  at  Sans  Souci,  in  18-48. 

Gentlemen's  nilk  cravats.  Silk  waistcoating.  Pieces 
of  f»ilk  and  cotton  waistcoating.  Silk  and  cotton  cm- 
t»roidercd  waistcoat.     Silk  embroidered  waidtcoats. 


162  Settfkkt  &  Co.,  Berlin — Manufacturer. 

Berlin  paper  pattern,  for  embroidery. 


16.3  Ko.\io,  C.  A.,  Berlin — Manufiacturer. 

lAkTge  carpet,  embroidered  in  the  croes-stitch  manner, 
exwnitixi  in  silk  and  worsted,  and  filltHl  witli  drawings 
rrfi-rring  to  the  Great  Exliibition.  Bed-«i<Tcen,  consisting 
of  three  partt,  embroidcrwl  in  wool  and  silk,  af^er  original 
drawing!!,  with  rosewood  frames.  Embroidery  for  a  fire- 
i^Tpen  on  silk  canvas,  in  the  velours  d' Utrecht  fasliion. 
Kmbroulericfi  extra  fine,  petit-point  in  silk,  in  frame  and 
glaaa.     Child's  bed-cover,  filet-work  in  silk. 


lt\4     BrBCHARDT,  B.,  k  Soxfl,  Berlin — Manufacturers. 

Various  pieces  of  printed  oil -cloth  ;  the  same,  for  table 
covers ;  iiaintcd  window  Minds ;  double  floor-cloths,  with 
an<l  without  borders ;  patterns  of  hat-lininps ;  double 
limm  oil-cloth  for  carriages  ;  carpet ;  oil-cloth  for  sofas. 

I*i5  LrPKE,  W.,  Berlin — Manufacturer. 

Sofa  and  father  carpets  and  rugs  of  macliine-madc  felt ; 
sofa  carpets  of  woven  texture. 


16ri         GBrEJfTHAL,  — ,  -B<t/i»— Manufacturer. 

Various  paper  patterns  for  embroidery: — La<ly  Jane 
Grey  refusing  the  English  crown  ;  General  Washington  ; 
David  and  8aul ;  Madonna  and  Cliild  ;  Boy  playing ; 
trat  and  back  of  a  chair,  Ac. 


167  LiHiCANN,  M.,  Berlin — ManufiM^urer.     (Agents  in 
London,  Messrs.  Jonas  Simons  k  Co.,  46  Lime  Street.) 
Oil-cloths,  printed  with  gold  dust,  and  difi'erent  colours. 

Round  table-ooyers.     Painted  window  blinds.    Patterns 

of  a  new  waterproof  elastic  cloth,  for  railway  waggons,  &c. 

Floor-cloth  with  border,  painted  like  a  rugged  carpet. 

Common  floor-cloth. 


168  Nete,  F.  W.,  Berlin — Manufacturer. 

Berlin  paper  patterns  for  embroidered  fire-screens,  new. 
composition.         

169  Parbt,  C.  F.  W.,  JBerK»— Manufacturer. 
Embroidered  carpet,  in  wool. 

170  RuDLOPP  Bbotheks  (P.  Truebe),  Berlin — 

Manufacturers. 
Berlin   paper  patterns   for  embroidery,   representing 
Cardinal  Ximdn^,  Laban  and  Jacob,  and  BEagar  in  the 
desert,  

171  ToDT,  A,  Berlin — Manufacturer. 
Paper  patterns  for  embroidery, 

1 72  Adolphi,  C.  F.  W.,  Berlin — Manu&cturer. 
Ladies'  boots  of  white  satin,   French  and  varnished 

leather,  and  goats'  leather  with  waterproof  soles,  and 
shoes  of  yellow  morocco  and  bronze  leather  and  white 
satin.  Ladies'  slippers.  Children's  boots.  Over  shoes, 
with  metal  springs. 

1 73  SoBCMEBFEU),  B.,  Berlin — Manu&ctiuvr. 
Embroidered  altar-cloth. 

Specimens  of  embroidery  —  Scotch  landscape ;  and 
Moses  in  Midian. 

Assortment  of  embroideries,  on  pocket-books,  cigar- 
cas<»,  porte-monnaies,  &c. 

174  Beckh  BBOrnEBS,  Berlin — Manufiicturers. 
Brussels   carpet   in    Turkish   style ;     Brussels  carpet 

flower-pattern ;  Brussels  carpet  arabesque  pattern,  in  one 
piece ;  and  a  variety  of  carjK'ts  with  figures. 

175  DiNOLlNGEB,  A.  F.,  Berlin — Manufacturer. 
Velours  carpets.     Rugs.     Velours  for  travelling-bags. 

176  GlOeb,  Louis,  Berlin — ManufjEicturer. 
Berlin  paper  patterns,  "  Tlie  Descent  from  the  Cross," 

af^er  Rubens.  George  Washington,  and  Albert,  Prince  of 
Wales. 

177  AxDBESEN,  Peteb,  Berlin — Manufacturer. 

Pair  of  morning  shoes,  with  embroidery  in  gold.  Pair 
of  riding  boots,  with  wliite  tops.  Pair  of  waterjiroof  boots, 
with  blatrk  tops.  Pair  of  cork  boots,  of  varnished  leather. 
Pair  of  boots,  of  calf  Iratlier.  Pair  of  ball  boots,  for 
ofiieers  in  the  army.  Boots  of  varnished  leather.  Boots 
and  clogs  of  different  sorts.  Pegs,  made  by  Mr.  Mielert 
Stallschreiberstrassc,  for  fastening  the  soles  of  the  boots 
instead  of  sewing  them. 

178  Fretstadt    Bkotiikks,    Berlin  —  Manufacturers. 
(Agents  in  London,  Krohn  Brothers,  Bread  Street.) 
Silk-shag  hats,  worked  ujK)n  felt  and  cliip. 

Lady's  riding-hat,  with  veil. 

179  Plessner,  S.,  -Ber/m— Manufacturer. 

Goat  and  doc-skin  gloves.  Washable  kid  gloves  for 
ladies  and  gentlemen  ;  the  same,  with  only  one  principal 
seam.  Omaniente<l  gloves,  for  ladies.  Braces,  of  fine 
wasli  leather.     Silk  braces. 


180         WoLTEB,  G.  C,  J?^r//ii— Manufacturer. 

Coloured  kid  gloves  for  ladies  and  gentlemen ;  lamb- 
skin gloves  for  ladies ;  deerskin  gloves  for  gimtK-men. 
Ladies'  dress  and  other  gloves.— All  of  German  numufac- 


ture. 


1058 


PRUSSU. 


181     Sbldib,   B.,   J?0r^Mi— Manu&ohirer.     (Agent   in 

London,  Mr.  Casl  Sckwbbshstzb,  814  Oxford 

Street,) 

An  assoitment  of  felt  hats,  ailk-shag  hats,  black  and 

ooloured  felt  bonnets,  imitated  felt  hats,  imitated  felt 

bonnets,  and  dolls'  bonnets.    Serenl  of  these  articles  aie 

made  of  new  material  usually  rejected.    The  form  is  in 

one  piece  without  a  seam. 


182  LxBTZMAirar,  J.  C.  H.,  SmtmMmrg^  near 

Manufacturer. 

Shoe  Tamps  and  1^,  of  various  sises  and  forms. 

The  leather  from  which  these  artides  are  cut  is  tanned 
by  a  patent  process  invented  bj  the  exhibitor,  which 
is  stated  to  render  it  durable  and  waterproofl 

183  MuxLLBB,  J.  L.,  Berlin — Manufacturer. 
Ladies*  and  eentlemen*s  boots  for  deformed  feet.    Feet 

and  lasts  modeUed  after  nature. 


184  Prdfkb,  C,  Jgrgw— ManufacturBT. 

An  assortment  of  single  and  douUe-soled  boots  and 
over-shoes. 


185  SoHUBiDXB,  F.,  Fotedam — Manufacturers. 
Lamb-skin,  goat-skin,  and  kid  gloves. 

186  YA88BL,  S.,  k  Co.,  Jgr^w»— Manufacturers. 

Silk  hats,  for  gentlemen  and  boys.  White  and  srey 
beaver  hats.  White,  black,  and  natural  beaver  ladies' 
hats.    Silk  ridix^  hats,  for  ladies.    Felt  hats. 

186a  Hohb,  W.,  Berlin — Manufeciurer. 

White  satin  boots.  Boots  of  chamois  leather.  Ladies* 
dogs.  G^tlemen*s  dogs,  varmshed  leather.  Enamelled 
leather  boots  and  dogs.  Oalf-leather  boots,  complete,  but 
internally  fitted  for  a  deformed  foot. 

Modd  of  a  deformed  feot,  externally  resembling  ordi- 
naiy  boots.  


187  HxirxxLB,  J.  A.,  SoUnaen  and 

Manu&cturar. 
Three  glass  cases,  oontaininff  a  Uufge  assortment  of  table, 
hunting,  pen,  pocket,  and  other  knives,  dageers,  sword 
blades,  surgical  instruments,  &c.,  manufectuied  of  refined 
sted,  the  produce  of  the  smdting  works  of  Si^gen. 

188  Basdtsld,  Chsistiak,  Poeen — Manufacturer. 
White  and  slate-colour  reindeer-skin  breeches.    Beer- 
skin  gloves  and  braces.    Leather  braces.    Knee  girths. 

189  Ajuthxim,  S.  J.,  ^0r^.    (Agents,  Erohn  Brothers, 

1  Biesd  Street,  Lcmdon.) 
Iron-safe  bureau.    The  lar^  doors,  cases,  and  looks, 
open  and  shut,  notwithstandaup  their  great  weight,  with 
perfiBct  ease.    Exhibited  for  workmanship. 

190  ZoBBL,WiLLiAH,  Berlin — Manufacturer. 

A  varie^  of  sliding  lamps,  of  sundry  dimensions,  and 
regulator  lamp,  silvered  by  the  dectro-plating  process. 
Brass  lamps.  Lamp  with  spring  pressure^  deo&o-plated. 
Lamp  for  cooking ;  and  lanterns. 


191      Von  MnnrroLi,  Auexakdib,  OranciQor, 

LieffnUz — Proprietor. 

Samples  of  Silesian  marble  pli^,  sketched  by  the  exhi- 
bitor ;  executed  by  Mr.  Laveniare,  sculptor  in  Breslau. 

Photographic  copies  of  models  for  manufactories  in 
day,  glsM,  or  wooo,  executed  by  the  photographer  Birk, 
at  Hinchberg. 

Phelloplastic  modd  of  the  ruins  of  a  Gothic  church ; 
an  attempt  to  execute  Gk>thio  ardiiteoture  instead  of 
Boman,  in  cork. 

Parts  of  diimney-pieces  in  a  greenish  glaie  and  in  a 
brown  glaae,  and  gut.  A  square  plate  of  the  same 
matmaf 


Brown  glaied  ohimney-pieoe^  to  exhibit  the  apjdioation 
of  day  formeriy  only  used  for  pottery  to  finer  objects. 
The  designs  and  moods  were  prodooed  by  the  exhibitor 
and  executed  by  Mr.  Pockle. 

Oiystal  glass  decanter,  after  a  sketch  by  the  exhibitor ; 
executed  by  the  glass-painter  Finsdi,  at  W  armbrunn. 

192  LOKFP,  S.,  JB^rWa— Manufacturer. 

Porodain  coffee  machines  and  tea  pots. 

Porcelain  sliding  and  table  lamps. 

The  porodain  made  at  the  Boyal  Manufeotoiy,  Berlin. 


193     Gaxbthxb,  Auoubt, 
CSago  for  a  panot,  in  Gknnan  silver. 


194  EuiacsB,  E.  W.,  ^er2M»— Inventor. 

Globe  in  relievo,  of  4  feet  diameter,  oonsistiiig  of  two 
hemispheres  to  be  put  together,  wiUi  a  bronxed  pedestal 
of  papier  mach^ ;  proportion  <^  deration,  1 :  10.  The 
exhibitor,  in  constructing  this  globe,  has  availed  himsdf 
of  the  latest  maps  and  of  the  suggestions  of  Pkt>fessor 
Bitter.  In  the  exeeution  of  the  uevataons,  regard  has 
been  had  not  only  to  the  summits  of  the  mountains^  bat 
also  to  the  highlands,  rivers,  and  towns.  Both  the  entire 
elobe  and  single  segments  of  the  same  are  prepared  for  the 
blind,  and  for  suim  as  enjoy  vision,  in  two  editions,  the 
one  only  with  the  names  indispensably  necessary,  the 
other,  with  more  detail,  containing  the  names  even  of  the 
smallest  places^  so  that  the  roaoi  of  caravans  mi^  be 
traced  on  it.         

195  ZoBBL,  Juinns,  Berlin — Manufecturer. 
Yamished  tin  articles,  rroreeentmg  Calla  mtiiopiea  in. 

blossom,  with  tin  pots.  Amaryllis,  in  blossom.  Em- 
bossed fruit  baskets.  Bread  baskets,  with  pierced  edges ; 
and  with  fine  network.  The  first  two  artides  emboesed 
after  nature,  in  tin-plate^  by  the  exhibifcor. 


196         EoLBSOH,  H.,  iSiM^Hi^Manufeoturer. 

Iron  safe.  It  is  said  the  locks  are  so  constructed  that 
they  cannot  be  opened  by  skeleton  kejrs  or  any  similar 
instruments;  nor  can  they  be  opened  by  ai^  one  un- 
acquainted with  the  secret,  even  with  the  n^^  key* 


197  LxHicAinr,  A.  F. 
Oast-iron  balcony  decoration;  cast-iron  cmoifiz,  and 

altar  candlesticks.  Warwick  vase.  Group  of  warrkMn. 
Fruit  basket.  Jewd  case.  Small  statues^  busts,  Ac. 
Small  cast  bracelets,  broodies,  crosses,  rings,  fto.,  and 
various  plated  fenoy  artides,  Stc  Ornamental  oasl-iroo 
fountain.  This  fountain  is  represented  in  the  iUuslratioii 
on  the  next  page. 

198  LxwT  Bbothxbs  Frankfbrt  an  Ae  Oder — 

Manufacturers. 
A  varietv  of  cast  and  japanned  artides,  oonsistiiiff  of 
lamps  with  pedestals,  candlesticks,  baskets^  sugar^osi 
pails  with  covers,  water-recdvers  for  pipes,  writing-deski^ 

&C. 

199  Stobwasskb,  O.  H.,  k  Oo.,  Berlin^Jnjtaaton, 

Manufacturers,  and  Proprietors. 
A  large  assortment  of  Japan  artides,  ornamented  with 
paintings,  in  imitation  of  agate,  malachite,  tortoise-shell, 
Ac.    Tea-boards,  caskets,  bread-baskets,  &c    Lamps,  in 
German  silver,  bronse,  brass  and  composition,  gilt,  oo. 

200  EosLLB,  F.  A.,  Berlin — ^Manufacturer. 
Oast-iron  chimney  piece^  varnished;  two  side-pieoei  of 

cast-iron. 


201       MUKLUEB,  J.  F., 

Leather  bridles,  with  sted  bits  and  ioafflaa.    Hanttng 
podLet,  with  a  net. 


:l 


III 
=  '  II 


ii; 

■I'' 

I 


i 


:i ; 


I      I 

■I 


1 


" 


i 

i 


\ 


I 


202    ScmTABW,  C,  Bw/iB — Inventor  and  Man uiflCtiirop. 

A.  golden  broocb,  ivprpscntiiig  a  lion  Ggbliiig  with  e 
•crpeDt,  in  brillionU  and  TOM'S. 

A.  ^lilcD  brmcck'l,  reprwwQling  an  angel  renting  oe 
Aowen,  with  diamonds. 

A  gMea  Seiible  bracelet,  villi  four  brillinnln. 

A  gnldi-n  Seiible  hraoelet,  with  oak  Iimtci  and  brilliant. 

A  golden  brooch  and  a  pair  of  stude,  with  oak  leaves 
Hkd  brilliaDU. 

203 


8cninnD»m,  F.,  Bfrl'm 


Inrenlor, 
Writine-itaiid,  parti;  of  gilt  aUTer  and  partly  of  gold, 

■ndcr  a  glui  cupola,  upon  a  rosewood  column. 

D*i;iiRT«fty|H!-plal<is,  plated  b;  galranic  process,  and 

lerellid  wilhoDt  hamnierins. 

•,  Breitau— 

Tbso  of  jeUo' 


304     WrarntnLD,  Joeiann  A 

Manudu^u 
Arttdea  in  toUow  and  while 
•mbcT;  set  of  cbcsa-mcn  ;  set  of  ladies' 
jwiUrm  amber ;  aet  of  omamcnts  ;  pipM  ;  ear-ring 
«»/-nii«  ;  bracflets  ;  knife  and  fork  iir  -  ■"-  ■  *— * 


■  of 

}  fruit- klUTtM, 

.of  buttons  for 
l»di«'  dfVM««  i  luweU  j  nook-boiea  ;  pon-boldc™  ;  frames 
§OT  knitlin^-needlm  ;  pen-ktiivcs  ;  brcasl-pins  \  amber  top 
with  ■  nwncbaum  pipe;  and  lariuu*  other  articlca  in 
yellow  amber. 
205         JiMnts,  a.  E.,  SMp— MiinuJiKlupcr. 

A  Hi  of  yellow  aniber  oniamenU  ebaaed  willi  Kuld; 


■br- 


and pale. 


Scwing-boi  of  yellow  amber. 

String  of  jellow  anilicr  beoda^  irith  a 
from  it  chasixl  with  gold. 

Toilet  table,  boaivig  a  tureen,  t«c 
six  wine  glasses,  all  of  yellow  amber. 

[Amber  ii  the  fossil  resin  of  Tarioua  extinct  spedes  of 
coniferous  trees,  allied  to  the  firs  and  pines  of  tho  present 
age.  It  is  chieily  found  on  the  southern  coast  of  the 
Baltic.— J.  L.]      

206  aiBini,  Otto,  Frantfort  on  Iha  Oder— 

Manufacturer. 

Oilt  and  decorated  fruit-Taees.  CoS'ee  and  tfs-lerrtce. 
Several  gilt  and  decorated  cako-diahes,  cabarets,  Ac 

AsBortnieot  of  whit*  crockery  ware  of  the  beat  descrip- 
tion, coneiating  of  dishes,  tureens,  saucera,  plates,  cakc- 
diahea,  Ao.  

207  Behquakn,  Wiluam,  WanAntiut,  rtear 

Jlirtchberg,  Silena — Producer. 
A  collection  of  octagooa]  and  oval  topares  from  tho 
Qiant  Mountaina,  raluable  on  account  of  the  sixs,  purity, 
and  colour  of  the  stone :  it  may  bo  considered  as  a  scale 
of  the  coloun  of  the  tomi.  Large  topai  seal-atamps. 
Large  topax  cane-heods.    ImprBsaions  of  setJa. 

208  Thb  Qlibewobks  or  thb  Cotint  op  Schatt- 

QoMcn,  JoatjAtMnhilttt,  near  Wartninisn. 
Flower  decoration.    Colossal  niby  vases. 
Enamel-like  Bower-yaaoa.     Aubjus  and  other  vases. 
Aquamarine  enamel  vases,  with  gilt  decomtion.     Bugar- 

Tiolel-VBse*.   DeCMitora.    Large  oupa  with  covotb. 

Viucs  for  cabinets.      Small  voao  with  handle. 

Chatico-glasees,  with  carved  arabesques,  and  with 
handles  carved. 

Crystal-enamel  vases. 

These  apeeimeos  ore  eiMbited  on  aocount  of  tho  clcar- 
ncas  of  the  cuttme,  and  the  polish  of  the  gilding,  as  well 
as  for  the  benutiluf  work  of  the  various  gluses  and  vases 
in  the  Venetian  style. 

Sjieciniens  of  theio  articles  are  represented  in  tho 
adjoijiing  Flatti  103. 

[Tlie  Qemmn  coloured  glass,  although  eitenairely  imi- 
tated, hns  always  niaiulaiiicd  ttiat  good  cstiinntion  which 
it  possessed  long  ago.  It  has  reoliiod  a  high  point  of 
pcrfoclion  in  colour,  grinding,  and  form.  In  what  is 
collod  "  while  glass,"  or  "  kad  glass,"  our  Oernian  in- 
dustry requires  prompt  resuscitation  and  careful  support, 
if  we  would  not  see  it  altogether  overwhelmed  and  sup- 
pressed by  the  products  of  Belgium  and  of  England  in 
thia  line  of  manufacture,  as  well  as  of  France. 

Of  gloss,  the  Zollverein  eiports  exceed  tho  import*  by 

L  amount  represented  by  677,000  tlinlers  yearly.  These 
exports  consist  cliicfly  of  ptnte  and  of  concave  glass,  as 
well  as  of  colounxi,  ground,  and  toncy-gilt  glaHos  ;  but 
the  higliEst  degree  of  perfection  muat  be  coneeiL-d  to  tho 
Zollii'Tvin  ghuacs  for  chemical,  pharmaceutical,  horo- 
logicol,  and  physical  uses.] 
09     WnxMANSS,  C.  W.,  fi^riin— Munuliicturvr- 

Cut  plate-glass,  representing  the  theatre  and  the  two 
irrela  of  the  churches  adjacent,  on  the  Oendamics  Square 

t  BerUu.  

islralor   of  the  Qbiss-works 
hatbal— Haiiufncturer. 

An   iron  frame,   cvntaining  samples  of  coloured   Oat 

Coloured  circular  slabs  for  watch-diala,  pcoles  for  llicp- 
moineturs,  ic. 

Cyhndrirol  lonip  glasses. 

A  variety  of  lumblera ;  vtino,  champagne,  and  liquor 

-i  ilk -glass  1  lamp-at 


tapers 


>    pilH« 


1   imitation  of  wax 


1060 


PRUSSIA. 


211  FiNSOH,  MoBiTZ,  Warmbrunn,  Silesia — 
Manufacturer,  Inrentor  and  Patentee. 
Punch-bowl,  with  cover,  spoon,  tray,  and  glasses.  Vases 
of  alabaster-glass.  Decanter,  with  glasses  and  tray. 
Wine-cup,  with  white  opaque  lines ;  and  with  deep  and 
raised  cut  decorations  upon  a  dull  ground.  The  dooora- 
tions  are  polished  in  a  peculiar  nuuiner  in  the  fire. 


212  Metzgeb,  U.,  Proprietress  of  the  Qlius-Works  at 

Zechlin^  near  Rheinsberg,    (Agent,  Luhme  &  Co., 
Berlin.) 
Yarious  glass  articles  for  chemical  or  experimental  pur- 
poses. 

213  The  BoTAL  Peitssian  Porcelain  MAJorFACTOBY, 

Berlin, 

Large  tureen,  or  hotch-potch  dish,  with  lid. 

Vase  representing  the  twelve  apostles,  after  statues  by 
Peter  Viscner. 

Vase,  with  paintings  after  Mi^ris  and  Slin^land,  in 
the  Royal  Saxon  Museum  at  Dresden,  with  pedestal,  gilt 
grouncL 

Vase,  with  paintings  aft^  Mi^ris  and  Terburg,  in  the 
Royal  Saxon  Gblleiy  at  Dresden,  with  pedestal,  gilt 
ground. 

Schinkel-vase,  with  handles  of  bronze,  and  a  painting 
representing  Harvest,  after  Von  Eldber. 

vase,  with  serpent-like  handles,  representing  dancing 
figures,  aft^er  a  sketch  by  Professor  Von  KlOber,  and 
gSt. 

Persian  vase,  representing  a  South  American  forest, 
after  Bollermann. 

Fruit-bowls,  painted  after  nature,  with  flowers  and 
figures. 

Chandeliers  of  a  green  mass,  with  biscuit-figures  upon 
a  bronze  socket,  and  pedestal  of  gypsum,  with  nineteen 
bronze  candlesticks,  and  bronze  lustres. 

Tureen,  dishes,  plates,  and  dessert  plates,  decorated  with 
reliefs. 

.   Oval  tureen,  dish,  plates,  and  dessert  plates,  deoorated 
with  field  flowers. 

Punch-bowl,  with  the  painting  of  a  drinking  company, 
after  Hogarth. 

Bowl,  imitation  of  Majolika,  after  the  antique. 

Painted  dessert  plates. 

Flower  vessel,  after  Watteau,  with  gQt  pedestal 

D^jeihier  of  various  pieces,  and  views  upon  the  Rhine. 

Octagonal  d^jeiiner,  of  eight  pieces,  m  lapis  lazuli 
ground. 

Square  plates,  with  grapes,  hunters,  Venus,  and  with 
flowers,  in  a  wooden  finmie. 

Biscuit-figures — **  the  Thorn  drawn  out  ;**  Qanymede. 

Busts  of  the  King  and  Queen  of  Prussia. 

Figures — "Venus  kneeling." 

Lithophanies. 

[When  Frederick  the  Ghneat  occupied  Dresden  in  the 
seven  years*  war,  he  saw  the  advantage  of  the  poroeLsin 
ftianuiacture,  and  transported  a  number  of  the  best  male 
and  female  manu£Etcturers  into  Prussia,  and  hence  origi- 
nated the  celebrated  porcelain  works  of  this  ooimtiy. — 
R.H.] 

The  accompanying  Plates,  109  and  105,  represent 
several  of  these  objects. 


214     Axynxs  Vesein  Share  Coicfakt,  WUkelmskHtie^ 
near  Sprottau — Manufacturer. 
An  assortment  of  enamelled  stone-ware. 


215      ALTMAinr,  J.  G.,  Bunzlau — Manufacturer. 

Porcelain  coffee  and  tea  pots,  butter  plates,  preserve 
pots,  beer  glass,  and  water  can. 

Specimens  of  earthenware. 

C&>ffee-pot  capable  of  containing  200  cups. 


216  Frankenbkbo-Ludwig€DOBf,  Count  of,  Tdlowitz, 

near  Oppelu — Manufiicturer  and  IVoprietor. 
Earthenware  console,  silvered.   Fruit  baskets.  Earthen- 
ware vases,  silvered  and  gUt. 

217  Mattbchas,  J.  a.  H.  (Widow),  &  Sox,  Frankfort 

on  the  Oder — Manufacturers. 
An  assortment  of  crockery  and  earthenware,  comprising 
consoles,  lamps,vases,  plateaux,  fruit  ehclb,  &c.,  tlic  mute- 
rial  of  which  IS  the  clay  of  the  vicinity  of  Frankfort. 

218  Paetsch  &  HnrrzE,  Frankfort  on  the  Oder— 

Manufacturers. 
An  assortment  of  white  earthenware  goodfl,  of  various 
quality  and  form  (the  material  used  is  from  this  country), 
consisting  of  butter  plates  (round  and  oval),  butter  tuba, 
salad  bowls,  dishes,  preserve  dishes,  cabarets,  platos 
(conical  and  common),  butter  and  fruit  plates,  coffee  and 
tea  pots,  cups,  sugar  boxes,  twreens,  sauce-boats,  salt-cel- 
lars, portable  dimier  service^  knife  rests,  candlesticks, 
basins,  flowerpots,  &c 

219  TiSLBCH,  Gael,  &  Co.,  AUwasser^  Silesia^ 

Manufacturers. 

Extensive  assortment  of  painted  and  wliite  porcelain 
(china),  containing  cups  and  saucers,  inkstands,  plates, 
dishes,  punchbowl  vases  for  flowers,  painted  vases,  water- 
jugs,  writing  stand,  sets  of  tea,  coffee,  toilet,  and  luncheon 
services,  &c. 

These  articles  are  made  of  the  purest  porcelain  clay, 
and  are  remarkable  for  their  dear  white  and  sliining  glaze. 
This  china  is  known  in  all  Gtermanv,  and  is  exported  to 
Sweden,  Denmark,  Norway,  and  North  and  South  America. 

220  FOSBSTBB,  Fbiedrich,  Ch-uenebetyf  Silesia — 

Manufacturer. 
Woollen  doth,  Spanish  stripes,  for  the  China  market. 
Ladies'  doth,  lilao. 

Boyal  or  three-quarters  and  black  fine  doth,  for  the 
North  Amerioan  and  China  nuurketi. 
Fine  satin  doth. 
Various  samples  of  woollen  yam. 


222 


Bonos,  Auovstus  Loina,  F^fisdam — 
Manu£M^urer. 
A  number  of  statuettes,  figures  and  oonsdles,  in  stone 
and  wood,  carved,  bronzed,  and  gilt. 


223  Batteb,  BEnrHOLD,  Schwerin  on  (Ae  Warthe — 

Inventor  and  Manufacturer. 
Flower-table,  with  a  bird-oage  of  oak  wood,  in  the 
Gothic  style. 

224  BAncAKN,  Loxtibe,  BerUn — ^Inventor. 

Fire-screen,  with  plush  embroidery. 


225  ZsiBia,  HEiKBicn,  Breslan — Mannfactnrer. 
BeU-ropes  of  coloured  silk,  silk  and  gold,  silk  and 

silver.  

226  Gbopttb,  p.,  Berlin — ManufiMrturer.  (Agents,  Mr. 

W.  F.  Sachse,  86  Trinity  Square,  Borough,  and 
Messrs.  Kingsford  A  Lay,  London.) 
A  variety  of  statuettes  with  suitable  bndrots,  and  other 
articles  of  papier-nuich^. 

Tableau,  representing  a  wall-side  ornamented  by  figures, 
upon  consoles,  looking-glass  frames  with  plate-glasses, 
medallions,  and  sundry  other  articles  in  carton-pierre. 
Small  table  of  carton-pierre,  with  marble  plate. 

227  MOLLBB,  Ferdinaito  Lttdwio,  BerUn — 

ManufiM^turcr. 
Specimens  of  gilt  frames,  wliich  have  lasted  seven  years, 
and  which  were  (with  the  exception  of  four  comer  piece*) 
gilt  by  a  process  that  secures  durability. 


FOBCEtAIH  UASOtkUlOKX,   I 


PRUSSIA. 


1061 


228  Stab,  G.  C,  sen.,  Berlin — Manufacturer. 

Toilet-table  of  crown  morocco  leather  and  red  velvet, 
nnTounded  hj  a  pierced  gallery.  Exhibited  on  account 
ci  its  superior  workmanship. 

A  eoliection  of  hncj  leather  articles.  Exhibited  on 
of  cbe^nesa  and  solidity  of  workmanship. 


BiCHT,  GsOBOB,  Berlin — Mannfitcturer. 
cabinet,  of  rosewood  (bois  de  ptUiaandre),  caired ; 
an  ^ta^^re  cabinet,  of  the  same  material,  carved. 

TIaeae  two  pieoes  of  furniture  are  exhibited  on  account 
of  their  woronanahip  and  the  beauty  of  the  wood. 

230     Slbholtz,  Fbisdb.,  Berlin — Manufacturer. 

Slstw  of  inlaid  flooring,  each  of  two  portions  put  toge- 
pottkm  the  size  of  four  square  fioet. 


231  AjMMxn  Bkothebs,    Waldenburfff  SHesia — 

Proprietors. 
Samples  of  platiDes  royales,  as  exported  to  Mexico  and 
tike  West  Indies. 

232  Bmckxe,  F.  C,  JSeWta^Manu&cturer. 

'Emmj  chair,  with  mechanism,  and  a  reading  desk  at- 
tacfaed.  

233  Below,  F.,  Berlin — Manufacturer. 
Pattern-cards  of  papier  mach^  gilt  cornices,  for  picture- 


234  BEyoEX,  D.,  Berlin — Manufacturer. 
Painted  window-blinds,  representing  flowers,  and  land- 

acmpes,  coloured,  and  in  sepia. 

235  OAKTiAif,  C,  Berlin — Inventor. 

A  frnaute  cdumn,  with  pedestal :  the  base  of  Silesian 
marbW,  the  capital  of  Carrara  marble.  A  large  table-plate 
of  roaao  antioo  oorallino  marble.  Circular  table-plate  of 
red  granite. 

Grand  vaae,  with  column-like  pedestal,  supported  by  a 
brooae  vase ;  diameter  2  feet  9  inches,  height  3  feet  6  inches. 
The  granite  finom  the  vicinity  of  Oderbc^. 

*Tlic  material  employed  by  tliis  exhibitor  is  well  wortliy 
r.f  attention.  The  column  or  pedestal  is  of  a  garnet  roek, 
•uurularly  studded  with  crystals  of  that  mineral,  many  of 
t^M-m  Tcrj  fine  and  almost  transparent.  The  inclosing  rock 
i-i  a  enciss.  The  red  marble  and  f>orphyry  are  ab*o  bcau- 
t  Jill,  and  the  latter  of  very  considerable  hardness.  The 
material  is  well  and  carefully  worked. — D.  T.  A.] 

23#"     KmrxEB,  C.  A.,  Wolgcut — Manufacturer. 

Linen  press,  or  sideboard  with  arched  panels,  and  higlily 
poh«>bed. 

2^i7     ScHTTTrLBEi>%  J.  F.  E.,  Berlin — Manufacturer. 

O'taironal  table,  executed  in  wood  mosaic,  the  material 
crn^ijiting  of  rare  Indian  woods.  Samples  of  the  wood, 
lu  an  iinfini*hed  state.  Easy  chair  capable  of  being  taken 
asunder. 

23!?  SomiEBFELD  k  HrEBXER,  Potsdom — 

Manufacturer. 
Two  round  temple  mahogany  tables. 


230  Waitp,  Charles,  k  Schroeder,  Berlin — Manufac- 
tumr*.      (Agent,  II.  Kayi*er,  28  Basin^hall  Street). 

Window  bUnds,  repn»JH»nting  ])ictures  and  landscapes. 

2¥)  March,  E.,  Thierfjartenfehhy  near  Charloltenhurg 

— Manufaetun^r. 

A  fountain,  with  pedestal,  group   of  children,   bowl, 
and  triton. 

This  fountain  is  represented  in  tlio  cut  in  the  following 

Lanre  got  hie  vase  and  pedestal. 

This  vase  is  represented  in  the  cut  in  the  following 


Two  Italian  vases. 

Four  figures  of  soldiers,  at  Berlin,  with  consoles. 
Mosaic  plates. 
Chemical  apparatus. 

The  fountain,  the  vases,  the  soldiers,  and  their  consoles, 
are  manufactured  out  of  dust  taken  firom  the  highways. 


241  Ungeeeb,  Conbad,  Eirschberg — Manu&cturer. 
Porcelain  water-pipes,  manufactured  from  a  mixture  of 

clay,  &c.,  without  metals. 

242  Engeleb  &  Son,  H.  M.,  Berlin — Manufacturers. 

An  assortment  of  brushes  of  eveiy  kind  and  description. 
A  plate  with  the  royal  Prussian  arms,  &c.,  formed  of  hair 
in  the  manner  of  brushwork.  It  contains  about  80,000 
holes.  A  large  hair-brush.  The  manner  of  putting  in  the 
bristles  is  new. 


243      Kersteu",  Albert,  Berlin — Manufacturer. 

Papier  mach^  frames  for  daguerreotype  pictures. 

Sundry  articles,  as  pocket-books,  dgar-cases,  &c.,  used 
as  frames  for  daguerreotype  pictures. 


244      D'Hettbetbe,  C,  Berlin — ManufiEUjturer. 

Straw  bonnets,  of  Brussels,  Swiss,  and  Saxon  straw. 
Chip  bonnet,  of  Italian  chip. 
Leghorn  bonnet  of  11  blades. 
Table  covers  of  11  blades. 

Italian  straw,  embroidered  with  straw  and   Manilla 
hemp,  representing  the  Prussian  and  Bavarian  arms. 


245    Dreusies,  W.,  Neu  Buppin — ^Manu&cturor. 

Writing-table  of  oak  in  the  Gothic  style,  to  enable  gen- 
tlemen to  write  sitting  or  standing,  with  an  iron  fire- 
proof safe  and  a  dock. 

Ladies'  casket,  in  rosewood.  Work-table,  in  mahogany, 
with  quilted  foot-stool  attached. 


246  KoERNER,  MoRiTZ,  Schonau  in  Lower  Silesia — 

Manufacturer. 
Waste-paper  basket,  of  artificial  brilliants,  the  mass  of 
which  is  a  composition  of  tui,  lead,  and  bismuth,  and 
consists  of  many  thousand  separate  parts  which  are  sol- 
dered together  and  fastened  upon  wire  rings.  The  two 
plates,  witli  a  view  of  Sclionau,  arc  of  the  same  composi- 
tion ;  the  mould  used  was  not  of  steel  or  stone,  as  in  the 
case  of  the  other  pieces  of  the  basket,  but  very  strong 
glass. 

247  Mess,  Leopold,  k  Co.,  Brandenburg  on  the  Havel 

— Manufacturers. 

Sample-card  of  gilt  wooden  cornices  made  by  steam. 


248     Gebhardt,  Charles  Augustus,  Berlin — 

Producer. 

Portfohos,  in  morocco  and  velvet,  stamped  in  rohcf  and 
in  gold,  various  sizes,  with  locks. 

^Ubums,  in  morocco  and  velvet,  stamped  in  gold, 
various. 

An  assortment  of  po<'ket-books,  cigar-cases,  portc- 
monnaies,  stamped  in  relief  and  in  gold. 

The  arabesques  and  mtHlaUions  adorning  these  articles 
are  stamixnl  ujwn  the  surface  of  the  leather  or  velvet  by  a 
peculiar  process. 

240      MoxiAC,  Edward,  Berlin — Manufacturer. 
Sam]iles  of  decorations  made  frt)m  embosstxl  paper. 
Separate  standing  flowers.     "  New-year's  wishes." 
Ball  decorati(ms.     Sweet-cake  covers. 
Oold-j>ai>er  j)res«etl  objects. 
Sundry  objects  for  the  cotillon  dance. 
Sundry  pasteboard  articles. 
Wreaths,  &c.,  composed  of  artificial  paper  flowers. 


Uuch'i  FaunOln  la  T< 


PRUSSIA. 


1063 


250 


WunviBt  LovD,  LieamU — Mimnfiicturer, 
InToitor,  and  Praprietor. 
of  bert  taUow  hoiue-soap. 
roil  hodfe-foap. 
of  aoMiM  soap. 
woK^  inrented  hj  the  exhibitor. 


MonnB,  A^  BerUm — Mannfroturer. 

pooket-bookB,  ladies'  boxes,  letter 


Chb.  Fb.9  Nammbwrg  <m  the  8aal — 
amr.  (Agent,  A.  Heinimann,  17  Iron- 
iMiei  Cheuiaidei) 
with  tin-toys. 


f,  JBRnekbery,  SUeda — Mannfaoturer. 
eoll^  vithoat  a  seam.    Stuffed  goat 


HnrxT,  QaorifiB,  Procimee  of  Lower 
8Uma — MannfiMtarer. 
of  aoapa  of  Tarious  scents,  oolonrs,  and 


255  8iBn^  H.,  Jnn.,  Berlm — Mannfitcturer. 
Qresp  aoap,  with  natural  grain. 

White  |mn  soi^  (Ehune  soap). 
Plafaii-od  soda  soap.    Tallow  soap. 

256  Bahit,  a.  S.,  iiisr^ui^Manuiaoturer. 
Tojs  and  doOs  of  Tarious  kinds. 

257  WlOSOB,  IL,  Jlen2iiH-ManufiM;turer. 

Fsttena  of  nmbrclla  and  parasol  sticks  in  bono  and 
woody  mada  on  the  lathe. 


Am 


Tbtbobxm,  J.  T.,  8oram — Manufacturer. 

o£  motherKif-pearl,  cocoa-nut,  shell,  and 


259      ZnCHKX,  Loms,  Mullrotey  near  Frankfort 
om  the  Oder — Manufacturer. 
Hmrting  and  shooting  bags,  of  deer  and  calf-ekin  and 
BBorooeo  feather.    Hare  and  wildfowl  waterproof  bags. 
Lai^  net  bags.     


260       Khdb,  William,  Berlin — Manufacturer. 

A  hB]ge  assortment  of  purses,  cigar  and  fuseo-boxos, 
pocket-books  for  bills  of  exchange,  B])octacle-ca8e8,  ladies' 
Doxca»  cfd-cases,  letter  portfolios,  and  purses. 


261 

White 
Coloured 


,  L.,  Schwiehue — Manufacturer. 
baskets,  with  painted  and  gilt  decorations, 
octagonal  basket.     Oral  and  pyramidal 
wax  tapers. 


262  MoTABD,  A^  &  Ck).,  Berlin — Manufacturers. 
npiiipUis  of  stearino  from  tallow  prepared  by  lime,  sul- 

phurie  acid,  cold  and  hot  pressing.     Candles  manufac- 
tmrtd  of  the  same. 

from  tallow  prepared  by  sulphuric  acid  and 
without  pressure.     Two  samjiles  of  stcarine, 
taDow  prepared  by  sulphuric  acid,  warm  and  cold 
Ouidles  manufactured  from  the  same. 
from   palm-oil,   preimrcd   by   sulphuric  acid 
pressure.  Candles  manufactured  horn  the  same, 
with  an  exterior  coat  of  stearine. 
kearine  frtmi  palm-oil,  prepared  with  sulphuric  acid 
distillation,  warm  pressure.     Candles  manufactured 
from  the  same.      

263  Palis,  A,  ^^r/m— Manufacturer. 

TsOow  oil-soap  and  palm-sonp.  Tallow  for  candles  and 
for  soap.  The  tallow  used  in  t)Ki«e  articles  is  of  Prussian 
ptodnction ;  the  palm-oil  imported  from  Liver|KX)l. 


264      ScHKBBBAUOn,  H.,  Berlin — Mann&cturer. 

A  variety  of  cigar-cases,  portfolios,  embroidered,  card- 
holders, purses,  pocket  for  keys,  of  straw  and  leather  and 
silk  in  combination. 


265  Soehlke,  G.,  Berlin — ^Manufacturer. 

Toys,  '*  an  English  regiment  on  parade  in  presence  of 
Her  Majesty  Queen  Victoria  and  of  her  royal  suite," 
formed  of  painted  pewter  figures. 

Patterns  of  pewter  articles,  candlesticks,  Ac,  white  and 
gilded  by  galyamsm. 


266        FBGHinsB,  F.,  Gn&tff^— Manu&ctuier. 

GHlt  and  ornamental  borders.  Artificial  flowers  and 
leaves.    Gilt  silvered,  and  coloured  paper. 

Artidos  used  by  bookbinders,  leatherworkers,  oonfeo- 
tioners,  and  perfume-makers. 

Articles  composed  of  artificial  leaves,  flowers,  &o. 


267  Gbiss,  M.,  Berlin — Manu£Eu;tuzer. 

Statues  cast  in  sine :— '*  Hebe,"  after  Canova  ]  **  Eve,** 
after  Bailey ;  **  Boy  with  a  swan,"  after  Kalide.  This 
figure  is  represented  in  the  cut  on  the  fbUowins  page. 
'*  Two  stags/*  after  Bauch ;  "  Xneeling  Niobe,"  after  Uie 
antique,  cast  in  zinc. 

Capitals  and  columns;  tiles— cast  in  sine  ^ 

[The  costliness  of  bronze  renders  ito  employment  as 
a  material  applicable  to  the  purposes  of  monumental 
statuary  almost  exclusively.  On  this  account  the  ex- 
tension of  sculpture,  with  the  increase  in  the  number 
of  private  collections,  has  been  seriously  impeded.  This 
impediment,  however,  is  now  being  rapidly  removed  by  the 
advances  that  have  been  made  in  the  art  of  zinc-casting. 
The  working  on  this  metal  as  a  medium  for  high  art 
had  at  first  to  make  good  its  progress  against  many 
prejudices,  chiefly  on  the  part  of  artiste  themselves.  In 
this  lay  the  cause  which  long  retarded  ite  employment  in 
connexion  with  sculptm^  whereas,  in  domestic  architec- 
ture, it«  appHcation  during  tlie  last  eiglitecn  years  has 
superseded  that  of  almost  eveiy  other  material. 

Eveiy  doubt  has  now  been  dispelled  as  to  the  com- 
parative durabiUty  of  zinc  in  the  open  air,  and  under 
the  influence  of  every  variety  of  weather.  Chemistry  has 
demonstrated  this  property  of  the  metaL 

Zinc  is  readily  melted,  Uquifies  veiy  completely,  and, 
therefore,  is  better  adapted  to  cover  the  smallest  lines  in 
the  moidd  than  metals  of  a  harder  and  more  compact 
texture.  The  zinc  casting  is  so  pure  and  so  finished  on 
being  turned  out  of  the  moidd  tliat  the  work  requires  but 
very  Httle  subsequent  chasing.  This  circumstance,  com- 
bined with  the  dieapness  of  the  metal  itself  (the  cost  of  a 
zinc  cast  being  to  a  cast  in  bronze  only  one-sixth  or  one- 
eighth),  renders  zinc  an  admirable  material  for  statuaiy. 
But  the  unfavourable  colour  of  the  zinc  proved,  for  a 
long  time,  a  great  obstacle  in  the  way  of  ite  application  to 
these  purposes. 

This  diillculty,  however,  tlirough  the  indefatigable  exer- 
tions of  the  present  exhibitor,  the  founder  of  tliis  im- 
portant branch  of  art  in  Berlin,  has  been  completely 
overcome.  He  has  succeeded  in  im])arting  to  the  zinc  a 
metallic  surface,  which  gives  to  tlie  cast  the  perfect  aspect 
of  Florentine  bronze. 

The  colossal  group  of  "  The  Amazon,"  afVer  Kiss  of 
Berhn,  cast  in  zinc  and  bronzod  by  M.  Geiss,  presents  a 
striking  specimen  of  the  perfection  to  which  the  latter  has 
brought  his  peculiar  invention. 

Tlie  model  of  this  group,  cast  in  zinc  by  Geiss  of 
Berlin,  and  now  deposited  in  the  Great  Exhibition,  will 


Mtkbluh  Um 

for  eimilu-  pnrpoua, 
and  solidit;  comluiud 


269  DiMBXt,  AsoLTH,  Btrlim—hneatof. 
Wiieath  of  ionen,  oarred  rat  of  b  kiM  piece  of  oak, 

with  ft  foot  of  the  lame  nuterul,  qipUoaUe  u  &  fruM  tor 
a  painting  or  l"f^'"g  glaM- 

270  Albwht,  J.,  Berlin — Inventor. 

Frame,  cured  in  wood  and  gilt,  after  a  dmriug  b^ 
Staler,  nude  fbr  the  painting  of  Lo  Bpaainio,  in  the 
Chapel  BoTal  at  Btriin  i  the  proportj  of  H.  U.  the  King 
of  I^usaia. 

Madonna,  carred  out  of  lime  ti'«e ;  the  propeitf  of 
H.  M.  the  King  of  Pnuais. 

Beliero,  caired  in  pear-tree  wood,  i^resenting  Sileniu 
inebriated,  aft^r  the  antique ;  niiuble  tor  a  door  to  a  cel- 
laret.   

271  BoYiL  FBtraaiAN  I»Oi"  FoPHD»r  Offiob,  Strlin. 
Group  of  Sguree  in  cast-iron,  representing  two  Amaxona, 

one  of  whom  it  on  horseback,  in  a  BilTer-mounted  and  deco- 
rated case. 

Qroup  of  figures,  repreaenting  two  warriors,  one  of 
whom  is  on  honebaok,  with  a  similar  case. 

The  Warwick  vase,  2  feet  6  inches  in  diameter,  with 
gilt  inside. 

The  Athenian  vise,  with  figures  and  handle*,  and  gilt 
inside  ;  2  feet  in  diameter,  and  S  feet  high. 

^Hiis  vase  is  repreaeuted  in  the  cut  in  the  neat  page. 


The  Alexander  rase,  S  feet  4  inches  in  diameter,  and 
2  feet  8  inches  high ;  the  border  is  decorated  with  rehcft 
after  Thorwaldsm,  rnireaenting  Aleiander'a  entrj  into 
Babjlon.    Mounted  with  silTer,  and  gilt  inside. 

[The  fine  iron  eastings  executed  at  Beiiin,  and  at  some 
of  the  otlier  Boytl  Stmndries  in  Prussia,  hare  long  been 
known  as  equally  delicate  and  perfect.  Thej  are  some- 
times of  sncb  small  dimensions  and  of  such  complicated 
fbnns  that  a  verj  unusual  degi«a  of  finidity  of  the  metal 
must  have  been  neoessarj,  and  it  is  generaUj  imsgined 
that  a  small  admixture  with  other  sulietaneeB,  as  phos- 
phorus, lias  sstisted  in  prodaciDg  this  leeolt.  The  piocess 
most  eren  now  be  regarded  as  somewhat  lecret,  aHbough 
no  doubt  the  nature  and  puri^  of  the  iron,  and  the 
absenoe  of  impura  snlphurj'  coal  in  ameldng,  have  gnat 
efibct  in  thus  ensuring  a  free,  fluid,  and  not  too  brittle 
metaL  The  minuteness  of  detail  in  such  works  is  not  the 
least  remarkable  part  of  the  subject. — D.  T.  A-J 


272  '&ICWTXB,Q.,SerliK — Inventor.  (Agents  in  London, 
lYillumB  t  Norgate,  Booksdlen,  14  Henrietta 
Street,  Corent  Garden.) 

Bas-reliefa  in  piaster  of  Paris,  after  Thorwaldsen — 
Bacchus  and  Amor ;  Christ  blessing  the  children ;  Haiy 
with  the  Child  and  John. 

Several  plaster  of  Paris  casts  of  antique  and  modem 
gems. 

l^blesux  with  62  portraits  and  medallions,  cast  in 
plaster  of  Paris,  after  ioulpturea  of  Qennan  artists  of  the 
16th  oentui;. 

1U>1mdi  with  medallions  of  various  siiea,  &Mned  |  all 
oasts  in  plasttt  of  Paris. 


!  AMIION.      PROF.  » 


hi  LiKDKL,  C.  J.,  Warm&miHi — Inventor. 

Artiflcial  pompositioni  of  inoas  and  paper,  repre««iling 
annbrmiu  in  Silesia,  KOwD  near  Naumberg,  llie  Irad 

elmmbcra  at  Vmice,  tlie  HochcUall,  a  mill  on  tlie  hills. 

Chieflj  made  hj  l!io  cihibitor. 

■7  KarBK,  C.  B.,  Slettin — Inventor. 

Cork  tnodelB,  eiecuted  by  the  eiliibitor : — 
A  ruin.    The  church  at  Koboni  on  the  MoBcUe.    The 
un-hill  and  the  furtn^s  nt  Salzburg.    The  gate  nt  Basic. 
View  of  the  chateau  de  Meillan  en  Bcrri.    View  of  the 
chateau  de  Josselin  en  Brelague.    Castle  of  Rheinstein 
tlie  Rliine.     Castle  Laugenau  on  the  La)m.    Butn  of 
the  ehiireli  do  Seps  Douluers  at  Jemaalem.     Kuin  of  the 
gate  Ht  DsmascuE.     Castle  of  Bahertsberg  near  Potsdam. 
Cwtle  of  KLineck.     Tko  French  ruins. 

278  KBiTJBE,  Mabtls,  Ber/in— luTenlor. 

Caats  of  the  TwcItb  Apostles,  which  were  earred  in 
onji,  and  Gxed  in  the  shield,  |>reseiilcd  by  tlie  Eing  of 
Pnisaio  to  the  Prince  of 'WaleB. 

Bracelet  of  various  pastes,  with  coats  nftur  gems  in  the 
Royal  PrusBJaQ  Collectiou,  enchased  in  gold. 

279  Kjss,  Professor  A.,  Berlin. 

Qroup,  in  nnc  and  bronze,  representing  an  Amaion  on 
horseback  attacked  bv  a  tigei^— atter  one  cast  in  hrunis  in 
1839,  bj  n  uumlicr  of  amateurs,  and  presented  to  the  King 
of  FrusAia,  and  which  was  placed  h;  his  Majesty's  com- 
TUBJids  in  front  of  the  Rojal  Muaeum,  Berlin— designed  by 
the  cibibilor,  cast  in  ziuc  and  bronzed  over  by  M.  Geias, 
Berlin,  in  hie  peculiar  manner, 

Qroup  in  bronie,  na  above,  on  a  small  scale. 

This  group  is  represented  in  the  Plate  75. 

280  Dkvabakne,  S.  P-,  4  Son,  BerK«— Inventors, 
Zinc  easts :— 

Lion.     Panther. 

Venus.     Boy  with  a  squirrel. 

Stag's  head,  hon's  head,  and  Paris' s  hmd. 

Console.     Pin.     Knob. 

Rosettes.    'VVrcalh  of  lourcls.    Square  ornament. 

Trclhses,  with  beards. 


273       D&lES,  Pbofessoii  F.,  Serlia — Inventor. 

Alto-relievo  in  plaster  of  Paris. 

CMt  of  a  pwi  of  the  pedestal  of  the  marbh)  monu- 
nent  of  Fredenc  William  111.  of  Prussia,  erected  at 
Brriin-  The  monument  is  double  the  size  of  the  model, 
mi]< wilting  emblems  of  garden  pleasrires — a  mother 
fartfluni:  to  the  rippling  of  the  brook  ;  girls  with  flowers  ; 
fcrdoig  (lie  swau ;  children  at  a  bird's  lIe^tI,  &i: 

BfTmlining,  in  marble,  original. 


274 


ESOEL,  F. 
Mwlrl  of  an  elli 
»ud«l 


of  an  ellipKOiil,  with  iH  cunes  ni 
uf  f  ruaers  undulating  jiUiie. 


27."i  Miiimisfi.  Fh.  L-,  .BrW/a-Invi-nlor.     (Agi' 

L-irnhm.  B.  Ilebi-ler,  K«[-  I'nK^iun  Cunsul-Genei 

BufI  rai«i-<l  bv  elei.'tro-gitlvniii-ii]. 

All«-n'lievo  and  lahle  oniaiii.nt,  after  Titvk,  i 
nil'iurn,  gKlvonii'slJy  ■ilvcn.'d  ■nil  gilt. 

Ili>)i,  In  cumf  |Kin(L 

U,.h  rmi!*d  hy  .■leclro-galvauiBm. 

Warli-hand  basin  and  walcr-eup  in  siuiilur  styles. 

Bukctt  Kalvanically  silvervd  out. 

Larec  uiil  small  vine  leaves  in  two  njlours. 

Flower  vhm,  and  a  scuiioe  in  a  simihir  klylc. 


Vari 


not  o 


ABflortnicnl  of  fine 


Jewellery. 


B2      WrsKELMASN,  Juura,  Serlin — Inventor. 

8totue  of  Frederic  II.,  Elector  of  Brandenburg,  pro- 
duced by  elect  potvpc  process. 

Silvered  and  gilt  tea-tmys  ;  snuffer-lraya  ;  vine-bearer  j 
large  antiiiue  bowl  j  rclieh  ;  plates  ;  eaatc'r-sland ;  chandc- 
hiTB  1  larjje  wine-cti]);  glas»  tmys  1  cu]is  j  decantiT- 
stands  ;  fruit-bowls ;  candleitieks  ;  eandetiihroH  ;  chuoite- 
liiTs;  iiaiikin-rings  1  bpmii-hiu'kot» ;  s]KJun-bBfkel,  &•.:, 
oil  producwl  by  llie  same  pnl^v^''. 


2M 

Fnixi,  J 

Lit 

^  B'-rliH 

-I.il 

llr.11 

sh.- 

l»-rd  al 

nrkr'i 

pla.l.-r 

of  Paris. 

'«.}  n.lENRL,El.WJlHn.  n-ftin. 

L..ud,>n  Agent,  Sir.  Jl.  Knnihcini,  aa  Palcmo-liT  Row.) 
Fmini'ii  mid  Ihiii-h,  i-oiiliiiuing  3(X1  ililTen-iit  hiiprewiona 
r.'.'rttlii'iile:',  Imiik-iiolcii,  and  luU'U  of  every  description, 
i|>oti  jiu'li-limrd,  in  black,  cvluurs,  and  gold. 

Cunts  uf  bra-'s  types  for  buokhinilcrs  and  gildrra,  and 
l(Ytro-tv|ied  niatriers  for  casting  largo  types,  galvanic 
opiei  oi  Wood-cnla,  &c. 


1066 


PRUSSU. 


285  Kaudb,  T^  BerHn — Inyentor. 

Group !  the  Baoohante  with  the  Panther,  in  pUtter  of 
Paris  from  the  original  in  marble. 

A  boy  with  a  swan,  in  bronxe,  for  a  fountain  in  the 
ro^al  castle  at  Charlottenburg,  the  property  of  H.M.  the 
Kmg  of  Prussia. 


286 


Pfetfvbb,  C,  ^er^Mi—InTentor. 


Various  medals,  in  white  and  bronze  metal :  Antisone 
and  Sophocles ;  the  Arsenal  at  Berhn ;  Frederic  Wiluam 
lY^  Kmg  of  Prussia;  the  Bishop  of  Munster;  Yuloan 
and  Minerra,  &o. 

287  MOLLEB,  — f  Berlin — Inventor. 

Ornamental  castings  in  bronxe : 

The  Prince  of  Prussia  on  horseback. 

Prince  Albert  of  Prussia  on  horseback. 

A  broken  spider-web. 

These  articles  are  unique,  as  the  models  did  not  admit 
of  multipUoation.  The  first  two  were  flnisHed  in  one  cast- 
ing, the  others  required  two  castings. 


288  SovDBBMAVK,  — ^i  Artist  of  the  Boyal  Academy, 

BerUn — ^Inyentor. 

Staff's  head,  of  plaster  of  Paris,  saturated  with  wax  and 
Tamiui,  with  natural  horns  and  a  garland  of  oak  leavee,  in 
pamer  mach^ 

Buck's  head,  of  papier  machd. 

289  Fbubxi^  Louis,  B0rlj»--Scu]ptor. 
Newfoundland  dog  in  bronze,  after  the  model  of  MoSUer. 

The  whole  of  the  fi^ie,  indusive  of  the  base,  was  cast  in 
one  piece,  and  the  mass  has  not  been  retouched  by  the 
ohisei,  the  seams  only  haying  been  remoyed. 

Bronie  fiffure,  with  pededal  representinff  Ho]^  i  after 
the  model  of  Bmioh,  oast  and  chiselled  by  the  artist. 


290      HsncAinfy  OeabiiBS,  Bst^m— Proprietor. 

Architectural  work,  with  48  plates.  Architectural 
details,  with  120  plates.  Collections  iot  frontispieces, 
and  grand  plans  for  town  houses,  with  16  plates. 
Topographic  map  of  the  oountiy  round  Beriin  and  Pots- 
dam. Exhibited  as  specimens  of  the  state  of  lithography 
in  Berlin. 


291  SxsLiVG,  G.  W.,  BerlNi— Inyentor. 

Front  of  the  Boyal  Arsenal,  Berlin,  celebrated  as  one  of 
the  finest  buildings  of  Germany.  It  was  employed  in 
1844  as  the  emporium  of  the  great  German  Inhibition. 
The  principal  material  is  paper;  the  moulds  for  the  bas- 
reliBD  and  cornices  out  in  steel  and  brass  by  the  medal 
engrayer  Fischer.  

292  MoxLLXB,  C,  ii^Zifi— Inyentor. 

Bronze  groups:  Boy  with  a  Newfoundland  dogs  C^l 
with  a  bull-dog.    

293  FsAirz,  Julivs,  J90rtt»— Inyentor. 
Bronze  figure^  representing  Victory  standing  upon  a 

rook,  throwing  a  wreath  to  theconqueior,  afi»r  the  original 
of  Bauch,  reduced  to  22  inches  in  neight. 

Bronze  figure :  Victory,  writing  down  in  the  book  of 
history  the  names  of  those  yictors  whom  she  has  crowned. 

294  FADDXIUAH9,  Bbbkhabd^  Berlim — ^Inyentor. 
Plaster  of  Paris  casts  from  moulds  used  in  the  manu- 

footure  of  ornamental  paper  and  of  embossed  silyer. 
Bronze  cast  of  a  Gothic  bas-relief^  in  commemoration  of 
the  union  of  the  German  Princes  for  the  completion  of 
the  cathedral  at  Cologne^  afl«r  a  drawing  by  Professor 
HoflEstadt  of  Munich. 


295  BiAKOOKi,  F.,  BerUm — ^Inyentor. 

Marble  bust;  Shepherd,  afi»r  Thorwaldsen ;  statues  in 
marble— Paris,  after  Canoya ;  Yenus,  after  Thorwaldsen. 


296  FiBOHBB,  G.  H.,  ^er^ifi— Inyentor. 

Figures  in  bronze:  Eagle;  Girl  praying;  a  Danaide. 

[Sculpture  in  the  ZoUyerein,  as  well  as  in  the  Northern 
States  of  G^ermany,  is  represented  principally  by  th6 
schools  of  Beriin  and  of  Munich.  The  latter,  founded  by 
Schwanthaler,  had  already  produced  a  great  many  works, 
under  the  co-operation  of  Sti^lmeyer,  long  since.  The 
former,  always  adopting  the  pure  Chneek  style,  has  not 
riyaUed  the  latter  in  the  number  of  its  creations,  but  aH 
that  it  has  produced  is  of  high  design  and  execution. 

In  Berlin,  sculpture  is  indebted  for  the  high  character 
of  classic  perfection  which  it  has  acquired  to  the  co- 
operation oif  three  men,  well  known  in  the  history  of 
art.  They  are  Bauch,  Tieck,  and  SchinkeL  These  haye 
been  the  founders  of  the  School  of  Beriin.  Their  con- 
stant strug^  to  reach  the  pure  Greek  ideal  image  ex* 
duded  from  their  creations  eyery  foreign  dement. 
Schinkel  inyariably  followed  in  the  same  track  in  all  his 
works  in  connection  with  sculpture.  The  young  artists 
formed  in  this  school  strictly  adhered  to  the  principlea 
incnloated  by  its  first  teachers,  and,  in  common  with  their 
great  liying  masters,  one  of  whom  is  Bauch,  obsenre  with 
zealous  earnestness  and  success  the  course  that  has  been 
indicated  to  them,  by  a  dear  understanding  and  a  yiyid 
perception  of  the  real  beauty  and  noble  sentiment  of  art.] 


297  DiBTBiOH,  Fbikdbioh,  BerUm — ^Inyentor. 

Two  heads  of  children  at  {day,  in  Oarrara  marUe^  de- 
signed and  executed  by  the  exhibitor. 

298  Fbuxh,  Gvstay.,  BerUn — ^Inyentor. 
**The  Butterfly-oatdier,*'  cast  in  bronze. 

299  Kbssbleb,  Cabl,  Ore^wdUL 

Bronze  full-length  statue  of  the  muse  Polyhymnia,  afiier 
the  antique  statue  in  the  Boyal  Museum,  Bierlin. 

300  E0VAS2BWBKI,  Albbbt,  B0r2j»— Proprietor. 

A  bronze  group  representing  a  child  with  a  group  of 
storks,  modeDed  by  Albert  Wol£(  sculptor  and  member 
of  the  senate  of  the  Academy  of  Fineijrts  at  Beriin,  and 
chased  \j  the  exhibitor. 

301  Mavbib,  H.,  BerUn — Inyentor. 
Collection  of  models  finr  gilders,  in  a  oompoaition  of 

sulphur.  

302  Buvas,  Dr.,  F.  F.,  Oramenfmrg^lxLymUvt. 
Portfolio,  with  sheets  of  paintings,  and  a  yohmie  with 

the  same. 

The  paintings  produced  by  chemical  action;  theprocess 
is  applicable  to  tne  purposes  of  painters,  deajgnersi  and 
calico  printers.    A  new  myention. 

303  SoHSOPP,  Sncoir,  k  Co.,  ^er2i»— ^Publishen. 
Three  portfolios,  containing  copperplate  printed  maps. 

Lithognmhic  printed  and  ooloimd  maps.  Geological 
maps,  fepofthemoon.  Enmyed, or  orawn  on  stone^ 
by  the  most  eminent  artists  of  Beriin. 


304  Stbttsb,  Cabl  GirsTAY., 
Model  of  an  ancient  Chneek  theatre  without  the  pillan 

and  the  rook,  in  strong  cardboard,  made  by  Gliier  at 
Breslau.  

305  SmssMAVK,  Loun,  JB«rij»— Inyentor. 

Model  of  the  obelisk  of  Luxor,  at  present  on  the  Place 
de  la  Concorde,  at  Paris;  predpitated  by  electrotype 
process  in  copper,  and  gilt.   The  electio^rpic  art  has  here 


rnussiA. 


1067 


emplored  to  exhibit  the  plaster  of  Paris  model  with 
racT:  this  is  difficult  to  attain  in  the  ordinan*  process 
of  cMting,  from,  the  shrinking  of  both  the  mould  and  the 


[Tlie  plaster  of  Paris  mould  is  either  carefully  c^vere<l 
-with  plumbago,  bronze  powder,  or  it  is  gilded  prior  to 
being  electTt>typcd. — R.  H.] 


3C»6  WiKKiLM AXK  &  Sons,  Berlin— luycntorB, 

Portfolio-book,  containing  specimens  of  a  great  number 
of  architectural,  landscape,  ana  other  lithographic  ])rint8 ; 
eokmred  and  executed  by  the  exhibitors.     Exhibited  as 
of  the  state  of  lithographic  art  in  Berlin. 


307  IToLFF,  Albebt,  Berlin — Designer. 

ICarUe  statue — Girl  with  a  Lamb,  representing  In- 


308  Zebger,  F.  W.,  5<fr/ii»— Painter. 

Ten  panes  of  painted  glass.    Qlasj*  paintings  represent- 
the  Empress  Edith,  St.  Christopher,  and  St.  John. 


309  Berkhahd,  Afinoeb  J.,  JSer^a— Inventor  and 

ManufiM^urer. 

Bronze  portraits : — Prince  of  Prussia,  Princess  of 
Weunar,  General  Von  Wrangel,  and  Professor  Rauch. 

Bronze  statuette : — Virgin  and  Infant-,  in  mediicval 
■iTle. 

Both  inrented  and  executed  in  bronze  by  the  exhibitor, 
and  cfaitfelled  by  Mr.  Mertcnn,  the  artist  of  the  "Shield  of 
Faith  "  (presented  by  tlic  King  of  Prussia  to  the  Prince 
of  Wale»).  

310  Blieseb,  OvsTAWSf  Berlin — Invent  or  and 

Modeller. 

Statue  of  Louis  van  Beethoven  upon  a  pedestal,  in 
brrmze;  with  comer  figures,  rq^rwcnting  the  Spirits  of 
Chiralrr,  Reliinon,  Sadness,  and  Joy. 

Statue  of  Her  Majesty  the  Empress  of  Russia  riding  on 
•i  .-^'liai^k,  in  bn>nze.  The  eliaisings  by  Albi'rt  Konarzev  ski, 
ai-adtrniieal  artist. 


o  K» A     S I F u F5S  &  ITa  Lri  K  E,  Jic din — Propriot ors  and 

Patrntoc!*. 
EIt*rtrir  trlei»rap}»!«.  Tliese  tole^rrjiplis  are  u«c'l  on  all 
rri*-uin  GoTemnient  line?,  and  on  wm^A  of  llie  rnilwav 
:.-i^  uf  Northern  Germany,  making;  a  total  of  about  3,(HK» 
njilt-j*  :  N>i.le«  exten!«ive  lines  wliieli  at  j)n*sent  are  in 
n':j>-'  i»f  construi-tion  in  Kw^'iia  and  oilier  eountries. 

1.  Imlicatint;  telegraphr*. — Keyr*  are  arnin«ie<l  round  a 
d:aL  «i«  h  key  U-aring  a  letter  of  the  alphabet.  One  line- 
v.fv  i«  u**h1  wliirli  eonnirts  two  or  more  in>tnmicnt*)  at 
'IjfeT^Tit  stations.  A  hand  on  eaeh  dial  revolve?  in  eon- 
'trt  with  the  ItnTids  on  the  remaining  instruments  ;  but  by 
j-n-*-iTiir  down  u  kej  mi  any  of  them,  all  the  han«ls  stop, 
\*'•v\Ai^:fi  to  the  Kayn*- lettiT,  until  the  ke\  is  ag.iin  n-li-aM'tl. 
Ty---^'  in-trumi*nts*  <liller  e}«s<'ntially  from  other  teh*t:r:i|»hs, 
•.M-rijiiih  H*  tliev  are  entin*lv  eleetrieal  machim-s,  which 
f-^-ok  and  n-<-l«»«e  their  (>vn\  e<mtartd  in  a  Himilar  manner 
fc^  s  *f«Tim-eniriru*  work.-*  its  slide. 

Tlii'  iL'<i rie eurrent  is  jtassini;  thrr)ujih  thelin«'  \\ inland 
ti.«*  mil*  in  <'aeh  instrument  i*juise  tin*  annaturi-s  t«)  be 
a*tTti''t«fl  bv  its  motion  to  hn*ak  the  cinwit.  The  anim- 
r  ITS'*  are  tijen  <juite  at  lilK»rty  to  fill  back,  and  in  so 
i'.-\u:Z.  *'.\*'\\  instrument  reM'>talflish«*s  tin*  ein-uit,  and  thi- 
•  1' Mi-tlin:;  stroke  takes  j>laee.  In  pn's>ini^  down  a  key, 
rlw  nnnatun*  i*  rtojijM'd  from  falling;  back,  and  (ous<'- 
•^'.•'Tiijy  nit  eum'Ut  <':in  j»ass  throui;h  tlie  lint -wire  until  it 
:•  r  [••«««-<l,  Th«'  mt>tion  <if  the  ann:ituri»  i«»  tnin-*l\Tred  t^) 
a  :.«rt.-h«:d  wIhi'1,  the  f]»indle  tjf  which  carri«-s  the  hand  on 
t-.!-  ttiiil.  Iti  the  -.anH'  ca-e  ^ith  ea<"h  tcle;rr.il)h,  is  nn 
aLinun,  wiiii-h  L-*  also  worked  b\  the  electric  circuit,  only 


at  the  time  when  the  commutator  arm  is  placed  in  the 
position  of  "  n^vsti"  and  tliat  of  another  station  is  moved  on 
"  telegraplL*'  The  akrum  continues  to  sound  until  the  arm 
of  the  telegraph,  which  is  to  receive  a  message,  is  also 
placed  on  telegraph,  when  the  instruments  begin  to  work, 
making  about  35  revolutions,  or  1,050  double  strokes  of 
the  armature  per  minute. 

Printing  telegraphs  are  also  worked  by  the  electric  cur- 
rent only,  without  the  aid  of  clockwork.  Their  arrange- 
ment is  similar  to  that  of  the  indicating  telcgra])h.  In 
place  of  the  han<l  on  the  thai  there  is  a  tyixj-whecl  with  30 
springs,  each  carrying  a  tyiM) ;  it  stops  with  the  hand  of 
the  iiidieating  telegraph,  at  which  moment  a  hammer 
plactHl  lx»low  the  wheel,  strikes  against  it,  and  prints  the 
letter  on  a  strip  of  j)aix)r,  which  passes  over  a  blackened 
roller,  turning  round  witli  it  so  as  always  to  offer  new 
surfaces  to  the  hammer.  Tlie  liammer  is  worked  by  a 
magnet,  which  is  excited  by  the  same  battery  wliich  works 
the  tyjie- wheel :  its  current  is  continually  broken  and 
restored  by  the  movements  of  the  armature  of  tlie  tyix)- 
whwl ;  })ut  as  the  tyiKvwheel  stops,  the  current  becomes 
permanent,  and  accumulates  suflieient  jwwcr  to  raise  the 
hammer,  which,  in  so  doing,  breaks  its  own  current  and 
falls  back  again. 

Tlie  i)rinting  telegraph  is  placed  always  by  the  side  of 
the  indicating  telegrapli,  and  records  each  message  on 
both  or  all  stations. 

By  tlus  means  mistakes  in  the  transmission  of  the  mes- 
sages are  made  morally  impossible.  The  current  being 
always  broken  on  both  or  all  the  stations,  currents  arising 
from  bad  insulation  of  the  line-wire  will  not  influence  the 
harmonious  working  of  the  instruments,  as  long  as  theso 
currents  are  not  strong  enough  to  work  one  or  the  other 
instniments  bv  their  omti  action,  and  the  receiver  of  the 
message  will  always  he  able  to  interrupt  and  speak  to  the 
commiuiicator.  Ik'sides  an  unlimited  number  of  tele- 
grai>lis  and  other  instruments,  for  communicating  particu- 
lar signals,  may  be  included  in  the  circuit  of  the  same 
line-win». 

2.  Another  tclegra]>h,  jjcculiarly  adapted  to  record  on 
both  stations  the  messages  dehvered  by  the  common 
Kngli?h  niM'dle  telefrra]>h.  Two  magnets,  h\  means  of 
two  pinp,  make  clots  in  two  diifcrent  lines  on  a  strip  of 
pajK-r,  which  is  moved  by  <*!oekwork.  Dots  on  the  upi)er 
line  e(»rn''<pond  with  a  movenuMit  of  the  needle  to  the 
rij^ht,  and  dots  on  the  lower  line  eorrcspond  with  move- 
mmts  to  the  left. 

Instead  of  nee<lle  ti'lej^iphs,  ]^eeidiar  connnunieating 
instruments  may  be  used,  couyisting  either  of  a  pair  of 
keys  only,  or  of  a  eomph  te  k»*yboard,  which,  by  jiressing 
down  one  of  them,  causes  the  conventit)nal  si^i  repre- 
sent inj;  the  letter  marked  on  it,  to  be  jirinted  in  a  double 
line  of  dots. 

3.  A  double  ntvdle  tcU^o^aph,  with  elect ro-mai::net.%  and 
worked  by  ont»  line- wire. 

•1.  An  alarum,  by  which  intermediate  stations,  wlien 
I'xcludcd  from  the  hnt*-v\ire,  may  Im*  rivalled  into  the 
circiiit. 

5.  An  alarum,  with  twi>  l,ir;;e  east -iron  l>ells,  wliit-h  an> 
])laccd  on  h'vcl  cr^s.-^in^s,  i^c.,  ah)nj,'  railways,  aiul  st^ne  to 
announce  the  departure  of  each  train  alontr  the  lini».  The 
bells  are  surmunded  bv  cluck  work,  which  \>  ri-leased  bv  a 
eurrent  of  1')ti::it  dui-atiim  than  is  requiiwl  to  w<frk  tlnj 
tch'i^tph'*. 

().  An  instrument,  which  i-*  used  to  dito't  ])laces  of  bad 
in-ulatiiin  in  llic  L'uttji  ]»erei»a  enati'd  line-win*. 

7.  A  ^al\an«>metcr,  tt)  ti.-t  the  insulali<»n  of  the  line- 
wire,  iuid  aiiotlnr  by  w  iiich  defects  in  the  line-wire  may 
be  jiniuted  out,  willioiit  JiMxiiiir  the  end  >tati<»n'». 

S.  (lUtta  ]M-relia  co:jti'd  clch-ic  line-win*,  Mhich  was 
tlr^t  in>ci;t«'d  by  Mr.  Sicmcn-*,  auil  ai»pli«*d  by  hiin  on  a 
l.o'u'i'  si*al«',  since  IS  17. 

\).  An  improved  M«»rsc':«  teh'craph,  worked  by  seeondarj- 

jM»\\er. 


[Official  lLT.rsTnvTn>  (\\T.\i.o<:ri:."^ 


\  II 


10C8 


PRUSSIA.— BADEN.— ELECTORAL  HESSE. 


b,  Graxd  Duciiy  of  BADEN,  Southern  Parts  of  the  West  Provinces  of  PRUSSIA 

AND  ELECTORAL  HESSE. 


311  BiEGEL,  John,  Blieasen,  n^ar  SL  WandeL 
Manganese  in  pieces  and  in  powder. 

312  BisCHOF  &  RnoDirs,  Lhiz,  on  the  Mine. 
Wliite  lead  and  wliite  zinc ;    Krerasen^'eiss ;  pierced 

pieces  of  the  same  to  show  tlic  structure.  Hard  ceruse ; 
pierced  pieces  of  the  same.  Soft  ceruse.  White  zinc  j 
pierced  piece  of  the  same. 

[White  zinc  has  been  lately  introduced  both  on  the  Con- 
tinent and  in  this  country  as  a  substitute  for  white  lead. 
Tlie  advantages  appear  to  consist  in  its  smaller  liability  to 
discolour  under  the  influence  of  an  impure  atmosphere,  and 
in  the  fact  that  workmen  suffer  less  in  the  manufacture  of 
white  zinc  (oxide  of  zinc)  than  they  do  in  that  of  white 
lead  (carbonate  of  oxide  of  lead).  The  white  of  Krems, 
called  Kremserweiss,  is  a  pure  carbonate  of  lead  of  re- 
markably bright  colour. — B.  H.] 

313  Bleibtbeu,  Leopold,  J3on», 

Two  cylindrical  blocks  of  alum,  common  and  refined. 
The  Rhenish  alum  is  usually  conveyed  in  crystallized 
oylindrio  blocks  without  any  external  case  to  protect  them. 

[The  tertiary  beds  on  the  banks  of  the  Rhine,  near 
Bonn,  contain  large  masses  of  lignite,  in  which  is  potash 
and  a  certain  proportion  of  iron  pyrites.  These  beds  are 
interstratiiied  with  clays  consisting  of  nearly  pure  alu- 
mina. The  sulphuric  acid,  alumina,  and  potash  required 
for  the  manufjBuiture  of  alum,  are  obtained  by  burning 
together  the  pyritous  wood  and  the  aluminous  earth.  A 
double  decomposition  takes  place  during  the  combustion, 
the  iron  being  left  in  the  shape  of  peroxide  colouring  the 
ash,  while  the  double  sulphate  of  alumina  and  potash  is 
produced.  The  burnt  ashes  being  soaked  in  water,  the 
alum  is  dissolved  out  and  afterwards  purified;  it  is  at 
length  crystallized  and  is  then  fit  for  sale. — D.  T.  A.] 


314  Brassexjb  &  Co.,  Nippesy  near  Cologne — 

Inventors  and  Manufacturers. 
A  case  containing  leaden  plates,  with  the  oxide,  and 
specimens  of  wliite  lead. 

[The  exhibitors  state,  that,  by  adopting  precautionary 
measures  peculiar  to  thcms<.»lves,  they  have  succeeded  in 
preventing  the  occurrence  of  any  cases  of  disease  from,  the 
poisonous  metallic  compounds  which  the  workmen  have  to 
handle.  In  five  years,  it  is  said  that  not  a  single  case  of 
disease  from  tliis  cause  was  known  among  the  workmen. 
The  exhibitors  do  not  describe  tlie  means  employed  for  this 
purpose ;  probably  they  resemble  in  their  main  featiu*es 
those  in  use  in  this  country,  which,  when  thoroughly 
carried  out,  are  generally  successful  in  the  prevention  of 
the  poisonous  effects  of  lead. — R.  E.] 

315  Bredt  &  Co.,  Stolherg — Manufacturers. 

Ores  of  zinc  and  lead.  Willemito  from  the  mine  "  Bus- 
bacher-Berg."  The  crystals  have  a  density  of  413,  and 
a  hardness  between  4  and  5.  Their  composition  is  Zn^ 
Si.  Calamine  from  the  mines  "  Busbacher-Berg"  and 
*'  Zufriedenheit."  Zinc  melted  in  the  zinc-works  "  Stein- 
furth,"  from  a  mixture  of  the  three  aforesaid  ores. 


[The  willemite  of  Lconhard  is  the  willelmine  of  Levy 
and  Bendant ;  and  in  addition  to  the  locality  named,  is 
found  in  the  calamine  deposits  of  the  Vieille  Montague, 
near  Aix-la-Chapelle.  It  is  an  anhydrous  sihcate  of  zinc, 
being  composed  of  silica,  oxide  of  zinc,  and  a  small  quantity 
of  oxide  of  iron.  Calamine  varies  exceedingly  in  its  com- 
position. That  of  La  Vieille  Montague  containing  89  per 
cent,  of  carbonate  of  zinc  j  that  of  Stolberg  but  60  per  cent. ; 
and  the  electric  calamine  of  Busgan  being  a  silicate  con- 
taining 66  of  oxide  of  zinc  and  27  of  silica.  The  process 
of  obtaining  zinc  from  the  ore  is  to  melt  it  in  a  reduction 
furnace,  containing  long  earthenware  tubes  through  which 
the  metal  passes,  and  is  collected  in  close  vessels  to  pro- 
tect the  zinc  from  oxidation. — B.  II.] 

Chlorophosphateof  lead,  from  the  mine  Busbacher-Berg, 
where  that  ore  is  very  abundant.  Lead  from  chlorophos- 
phate  of  lead,  without  mixture  of  other  ore.  The  compo- 
sition of  this  metal  is — lead  98*84 ;  copper  0'52 ;  iron  0*20 ; 
silver  007 ;  phosphorus  0*20.  White  lead :  carbonate  of 
lead  from  the  mine  Zufriedenheit.  Sulphuret  of  lead  from 
the  mine  Zufriedenheit. 


316  Medterzhaoen,  and  Kreuseb  Brothers — 

Mechemich  and  Commem, 

Various  specimens  of  lead-ore,  found  in  the  mines  of  the 
Count  Lippc,  and  of  the  Messrs.  Kreuscr  Brothers,  on  the 
"Lead  mount"  in  the  Eiffel  country,  at  three  different 
layers. 

Knolls — that  is,  the  ore  separated  from  the  smaller  parts, 
as  they  are  raised  from  the  shafts. 

Ore  produced  from  knolls,  viz.,  fine  crown  ore ;  fine  dry- 
ground  ore ;  scliliech,  prepared  upon  washing  tablets  or 
buddies;  principal  schliech,  produced  upon  the  sluding 
tables  of  Carinthia. 

Metallic-lead,  produced  from  ore  of  this  country.  Chest 
of  small  shot,  from  the  same. 

317  PoRZBLT  &  IIarperath,  Cologne — Manufacturers. 
An  ornamented  white  Calrara  marble  cliimney-piecc^ 

in  renabsance  style.     Slab  of  coloured  marble. 
Marble  blocks  in  their  natural  state. 


318    SociETE  des  Mnnes  et  Fokderibs  d'  Eschwshjlr, 

Stolberg, 
Samples  of  lead  and  zinc  ore. 
BlocK  of  silver,  weight  about  11  lbs. 
Plate  of  spelter ;  and  pig  of  refined  lead. 

[The  silver  which  is  combined  with  the  lead  in  the  ore  is 
separated  by  exposing  the  metal  in  furnaces,  so  arranged 
that  a  strong  current  of  atmospheric  air  is  continually 
passing  over  its  surface.  By  this  process  the  lead  is 
oxidized,  and  litharge  or  red  hid  produced,  the  sUvcr  being 
left  behind  in  a  state  of  purity. — R.  H.] 


319      VoN  MuEUCAinT,  Albert,  PUUo  Zeehe — 

Proprietor. 
Specimens  of  peat  or  brown  coal.    Five  day  and  fire 
brick.    Crucible. 

[The  original  products  were  found  and  worked  on  the 
lands  of  the  exhibitor.  The  peat  is  used  entirely  in  the 
manufacture  of  earthenware.     The  cruciblee  contain,  in 


PKUSSIA.— BADEX.— KLRCTORAL  HESSE. 


1009 


a«Mitk>ii  to  the  original  eleineiitn,  black  lead  from  fiuTuria. 
IV-tiiPt!*  ami  othtT  earthenware  articlen,  as  well  a:»  fire 
T-'nck«  for  blast  and  puddling  furnaces,  arc  manufactured 
frun  the  products.  'Die  bricks  are  exhibited  for  ehcai>- 
and  qualit^v.] 


;;2*'»  WjLLl>THArsEX,  O.  W.,  Clarenburff,  near  Cologne — 

Manufacturer. 
Wliito  lead :    exliibitcil   for  beauty  and   cheapness  of 
m^ir.ixfai'ture. 

'Wliito  lead  is  so  very  oxtensively  used  as  a  pipnont, 
Kith    alone  and  as  a  basiis  for  various  colours,  that  anv 

*  ft 

im:»mved  or  los  co>tlv  mode  of  manufact urt>  than  that  at 
po-M'nt  Utfod  would  be  of  gn^at  value,  ^'arious  processes 
»re  ailopted  in  itriinanufactun\ — D.  J.  A.] 

.'?21      Laxdaf,  SALOiioy,  Cohlenz  ami  Anthnwch. 

Lara  millstones.  Tliesc  stones  come  out  of  the  lava 
quarries  of  NietlerMmdig,  n«ir  Andcniach  on  the  llhine, 
&n<]  i-onaiiderwl  to  be  of  superior  qualities.  Tlicj'  arc  chiclly 
uscil  for  jjrrinding  all  sorts  of  com,  bark,  colours,  mu.starcl, 
<lruff*,  Ju:.  They  i-an  be  jjroeiUH'd  as  large  as  6  feet  in  dia- 
nactt-r  and  18  inches  thick.  Tlio  quarrii>s,  which  are  about 
130  frt-t  dw»p,  erai)loy  some  hundrLHls  of  men. 

r^riie  inillstones  of  Niedcr  Mendig  arc*  obtained  from 
bra  that  has  been  poured  out  from  the  long-extinct  vol- 
eanoes  of  the  Lower  Rhine.  Tliis  lava  is  now  almost 
bk-altic,  and  is  extremely  hanl  and  coarse.  It  separates 
ra'<iiy  into  columimr  shajH^s,  and  makes  exceUent  mill- 
fftones,  «Iiich  are  ex[>orted  to  moj*t  parts  of  the  world. 
Th«7  wen*  well  known  to  the  Romans. — 1).  T.  A.] 


•22  1Iage>%  Fuaxcis,  Col  off  up. 

(>pe«  of  zinc  (calamine)  from  "  Martfarctha  Jose]>ha" 

liJinf  at   Berff.  GLidbach,  near  iliilheim  on  the  Rhine. 

Sin'lttT  from  the  same.  These  are  fair  average  s|>ecimens 
f  th«-  ]»ro«hn*  of  the  mine,  for  the  pnr]>ose  of  giving  mi 
li-a  i'f  till*  *;eneral  development  of  tlie  veins. 

•J.;  KiiMG,  GrTtiiARi),  Trevt-s. 

"<  mfl-tonc  for  huildin^js  an«l  isculpture.  Sptvunen  from 
I "'it-iliin:;i  n,  \i.'T\  -tnnig,  and  emj»loyf<l  in  the  huililing  nf 
T'..   'ituri-h  of  .**t.  LaureUiV  in  Tri'vcs. 

S-iTiii'-trini'  frc>m  Aix,  and  of  tlu'  >i\\nv  sort  a**  tl\at  iHcd 
'  \  :hi-  Kt>ninT).<»  in  the  t•()n^tru^'1ion  of  the  celebrated  Porta 
>;j-a,  at  Trev«'?». 

>.i!i'l-t»iiie  frt»m  Lorieli,  ^Fenningen,  Wnss^'rli-eli,  and 
1  i-i«»ni. 

.I"J4  STErL-w«>iiks—  Z,o//^,  utnr  Sui/tii. 

^■••H-iilar  ^•t eel-iron,  jjnxhieed  from  earl><»ii:ite<l  iron  on\ 

Pii.'-i.'^'n,  profhu-ed  fr«>m  c;»rhon.ited  iron  ore  and  hy- 

rit»'d  nxidi*.     iron  »»n',  to   Ik*  u>e<l  in  tlie  proihii-tion  of 

■  »•  'rd  -tii-1.  Natund  >t«*el,  fir>t  <jualit\  (noMe  r-teil). 
V  I*  iril  -Iti-I,  s«'ciind  «iua]itv  (initMle  >ti-el).  Material-i  for 
'.\  jr. .  lui-tinii  "if  tlh'.-e  articles.  Carbonated  imn  ore, 
*.•■  "i  !!ie  niiiie  .StahllHTg,  ni-ar  Mii-ieii,  di.-triet  of  Siei;en. 
\\\  lr»f«'il  oxiile  iron  on*,  from  a  mine  in  tlie  neii:lilM>ur- 
'  "i  I'f  Mu»en.  Sl.'i'^'  from  tlie  hla-t  furnaee.  rumii-»*-s]ai; 
'  ^    -I*:!!'  riii:;  the  f«»rmer.     Sla;;  from  the  conversion  of  tlie 

**Tl-:n.i»  into  natural  >tu'l. 

Tlif  ir-iu  on*  at  aufl  near  Sicken,  and  in  variou-  otlier 
.■L»'  e-  oh  till'  llliiiie,  both  in    IVn-- la  and  tlie   Din-liv  of 

* 

N  .-•  i-i,  et-n-i'-t-i,    f«)r  the  mo>t    part,  of  tlie   kind   called 

■  -j  iT.'.i'-  ipi>:i,"  wlii'li  i>  a  ir\ -talliiu*  carbonate  mixcil 
•1  .T  I  ;  ior»*  or  l»->«»  c:iibi)natc  of  linn',  and  oWcw  ^\^A  a  little 
••  —  ri.Mii:^  ■■al''-*par.  Thi?'  on*  i-^  >o  iVci*  from  .-nipliiir 
\ri  i  ph«i-phonis,  that  tlie  lir-t  re>iilt  of  .■.;ii  llin^  it  b\ 
'..•■nil*  ♦■f  i-lian-oal  fuel  i*«  to  ]iri>dnci>  a  kind  of  ]ii^'-ir«»n 

■  ■  *%   rit-sirU  n'*<'mblinij  steel,  and  capable  of  bi-iii::   n-ed 

■  •  'I 

{'iT  Hisny  of  the  puriio**'"  of  nteel.    T«):;ether  witli  tlici-ar- 


bonate  a  considerable  quantity  of  oxide  of  inni  also  exists 
in  the  neighbourhood  ;  and  there  would  seem  no  reason 
why  very'  large  manufactories  of  iron  might  not  succeed 
near  the  banks  of  the  Rhine,  where  the  coal  from  more 
than  one  locality  may  be  hail  by  water  at  moderate  prices, 
and  where  the  high  protective  duties  of  the  Customs 
Union  continue  to  exclude  all  cheap  iron  of  whatever 
kind.  There  are  numerous  mines  and  several  furnaces  for 
iron  near  the  localities  here  referred  to.  The  spaiiy  car- 
bonate* of  iron  is  called  by  the  Germans  "  stahbtein,*'  or 
steel.-»tone,  fixjui  the  result  already  mentioned. — D.  T.  A.J 

325     Weeeti,  Chaules,  Moimheim — ^lanufactiurer. 

Rough  jx'bble,  taken  from  the  be<l  of  tlio  Rhine ;  and 
another,  of  the  same  description,  also  taken  from  the  bed 
of  the  Rhine,  and  cut  as  a  diamcmd.  Tlie  j^ebblc  was 
originally  of  an  immense  size.  It  is  exhibited  on  account 
of  its  workmanship,  and  its  jiurity  and  regidarity  of  cut, 
which  caused  the  exliibitor  a  full  twelvemonth's  incessant 
labo\ir. 


320  Royal  Mines  at  Louk,  near  tiiegen. 

Sparry  and  brown  iron-stone  from  the  bhist  furnace. 
Ilvdrjited  oxide  iron  ort\ 

• 

[The  carbonate  of  iron  of  the  neighbourhood  of  Ronn 
contiiins  usually  about  61  jx'r  ciMit.  of  protoxide  of  iron, 
with  (?arboni(!  acid,  some  oxide  of  manganese,  magnesia 
and  lime.  Tlie  composition  of  the  hydratcd  oxide  is,  in 
100  j>arts — inm,  5915;  oxygen,  20*15;  water,  11*70. 
The  chemical  composition  of  the  on^s  from  dilTorent 
localities  varie-*  sli"htlv. 

Scvend  varieties  of  the  so-<'alletl  "Oennan  steel"  art* 
known  in  commerc<\  Various  kinds  of  furnaces  aw 
employed  in  its  manufacture,  according  to  the  character 
of  the  ore  to  be  smelted,  the  steel  bvMiig  made  direct  from 
the  oi-e.  Ill  the  Cknnan  pnx'css  of  making  stei.»l,  the  loss 
of  iron  amounts  to  from  20  to  30  jvr  cent.,  and  very 
neai-]\  0(H>  bushel -^  of  cjiareoal  are  consumed  i»cr  ton. 
IVeviou-ly  to  Miielting  the  ores,  their  finer  varieties  are 
si'lected,  poiimU'd,  and  washed  to  remove  impurities ;  it 
is  then  mixed  with  charcoal,  and  placed  in  the  furnace, 
wliich  is  excited  by  the  cold-bla^t.  The  Indian  wootz  is 
iff  a  similar  character  to  the  "German  steel." 

The  Roval  Foiindrv  at  Hi-rlin  has  been  lonj:  celebrated 
for  the  ])roduction  <if  iron.  In  this  process  about  18 lbs. 
of  c«>ke  are  used  for  ])rodncinir  lonlbs.  of  iwn. — R.  II.] 

;V27  M\K(jrAKi>T,  Dr.  L.  (\,  Bona. 

C'hlon>ronn  ;  >ulpliuri(»  ether,  concent nited  acetic  acid, 
cyanide  of  })ota'**«iiini,  and  t)t]icr  <*liemi»-als. 

."I'JS  Pxi'i-V,  Otio,  Cfi»mii'(il  Fnctnn/^  Ri'ppvrr,  mar 
rr//V,vr/'///'- -  M  anniact  iircr. 
SjK'ciiiicns  of  iiru^^iate  of  pnta-h,  ^al-almIU)nia,  muriate 
of  ammonia,  and  ])ho-ipliorus. 


;)21>   K'ocn,  CiiAiiLi:-^  Ai'r;i>r,  (ilxtli.trh.  i.tur  Mtilh*im, 
(HI  thr  lilniu — Mnnur.ifl  un-r. 

R«"am  >iipc)ilne  blue  :ind  cream  tlii»-k  and  thin  j>ost 
jia]nr. 

Medinm.  ro»al,  -uiwr-ny  al.and  im]>«'rial  ]»ajM  r  for  mt-r- 
cantilc  book-.  riati-pa;'tr  lor  c(i|ij»cr-plate  printim;  and 
litlioj:rapliv.     C.irtun  ]'.ij'."r>  Cui*  ilillin'iit  j)iiq>OM>. 


WW)      Kii*i:nm  iri.r  IP,  I,.  S'i'ir,i,l-  Manufai-tunT. 

r.t;il«i  li'»ur. 

;i;W      \V[.itKi;i:,    V.  C,  W"!fi  .-^h,  :„,,.'. I, ■  t',th!.  „z,-  - 

M  ;'..;jlac*  ii,\'  •. 
I'arina,  or    improved   jMitatu   tltnir  ;   tlii»   -.mie,  L'rouii'!. 
E\tcn<4ivch  iixe*!  tor  '•Jitreniniy  nni-liM'.  \i'. 

I    II   2 


1070 


PRUSSIA.— BADEN.— ELECTORAL  HESSE. 


332  Wahl,  Fbbdbich,  Neutoied. 

Sago  and  potato-flour.  Manufiictured  without  the  use 
of  any  chemical  substance.  Exhibited  on  account  of  its 
purity,  whiteness,  &c. 


333  Weeth,  AuoirsT,  &  CJo.,  Bonn. 

Specimens  of  wheat  starch  and  potato  meal,  and  chemi- 
cal productions  extracted  from  the  same. 


334    WiESMAN,  A.,  k  Co.,  Augtutenkutte^  near  Bonn, 

Mineral  oil ;    bituminous  paper  coal ;    fossil  black ; 
paraffine,  and  fire-lac. 


335  Flockenhaits  &  Co.,  Cologne. 

**  Naphtha  tincture"  and  prepared  indigo. 

Coloured  flock  wool ;  printed  half  wool  and  silk ;  and 
merino  wool. 

The  "  nap  tincture"  is  used  in  the  treatment  of  the  linen 
and  cotton  threads  in  all  dark-coloured  cloths. 


336  Loosen,  John  Geobqe,  Cologne. 

Specimens  of  Cologne  glue,  packed  in  lint. 


337        BoEKER,  Chables,  Bf^M — ManuiiEu^urcr. 

Specimens  of  reflned  bone  oil,  refined  machine  oil,  and 
refined  Provence  oils.  These  oils  are  clear,  and  remain 
fluid  till  the  thermometer  sinks  below  zero. 

[The  oils  here  described  are  obtained  from  bones  and 
other  animal  substances.  They  are  said  to  retain  their  fluid- 
ity at  an  extremely  low  temperature,  and  are  employed  for 
lubricating  machines,  &c.  Most  of  the  ordinary  oils  be- 
come partially  concreted  at  moderately  low  temperatures. 
This  is  due  to  the  separation  of  crystalline  particles  of 
stearine  from  the  oleine,  or  liquid  portion.  The  latter 
forms  the  oils  in  question,  the  separation  being  efiect^ 
by  the  combined  means  of  cold  and  pressure. — B.  E.] 


338  Gbund,  CctrUruhe. 

Two  pictures  painted  by  new  processes. 


339  HOHBEBO  &  SCHEIBLEB,  Eupen. 

Specimens  of  buckskin  and  ladies'  doth. 


340  Menoelbisb,  J.,  Aix-la-Chapelle — Manufacturer. 
(Agent,  J.  Nuellens,  43  Albion  Street,  Hyde 
Park  Terrace.) 

Carriage,  called  calash,  with  CoUinge's  patent  springs  of 
English  steel ;  the  body  of  mahogany  panels,  the  inside 
lined  with  Lyons  silk. 


341         Mies,  Josephus,  Cologne — ^Manu&ctuier. 

Various  trusses  and  bandages,  exhibited  for  their  sim- 
plicity and  cheapness. 


342     BlCHABD,  L.,  Berlin  and  Lode,  Neufchdtel— 
Inventor  and  Manu£Eu;turer. 

A  ship's  chronometer,  and  an  cxplanatoiy  plan,  being  a 
novel  invention. 


343      DOBBB,  Michael,  Fitrtwangen  in  the  Black 
Foregty  Baden — Manu£&ctuivr. 

An  anchor-watch,  entirely  made  of  ivory,  including  the 
wheeb,  anchor,  balances,  bridges,  shoulders,  spring-box, 
case,  inside  cover,  and  the  face ;  the  screws  are  gold,  and 
the  moving  power  is  steeL  It  works  in  ten  rubies,  and 
has  seconds.  Its  weight  is,  glass  and  vase  included,  only 
half  an  ounce. 

Another,  similar,  only  having  no  seconds  ;  runs  in  eight 
rubies  and  steel  screws.  Its  weight  is  five-eighths  of  an 
ounce. 


344  BAUN8CHEIDT,  Chables,  Undenich,  near  Bonn — 

Inventor. 
**  Idfe-animators,  new  instruments  for  the  medical  art." 

[The  exhibitor  claims  for  his  instruments  the  power  of 
expelling  "  matters  and  humours  from  the  body,  and 
infusing  animating  substances  through  the  skin,"  from 
which  effects  it  is  considered  that  great  benefits  are  to  be 
expected.  The  precise  value  of  the  remedies  proposed  is 
not  described. — B.  E.] 

Artificial  leech. 

345  BOLPFS  &  Co.,  Cologne  and  Sieghurg — 

Manufacturers. 
Printed  calicoes  and  handkerchiefs,  printed   by  ma- 
chinery invented  by  the  exhibitors. 

346  Waonbb  a  Son,  Aix-la-Ckapelle — Manufacturers. 
Twelve  pieces  of  woollen  cloth. 

347  Chbistoffel,  Louis,  Monijoie  near  Cologne 

— Manufacturer. 
Specimens  of  woollen  buckskins  for  winter  and  summer. 

348  Elbebs,  Johann  H.,  Monijoie  near  Cologne — 

Manu&cturer. 
Fancy  oassimeres  of  56  inches  and  28  inches.    Buck- 
skins for  winter  and  summer.    Fancy  cassimeres,  &c. 

349  Jansen,  John  W.,  Monijoie  near  Cologne — 

Manufacturer. 
Specimens  of  woollen  stufi*  for  summer  paletots.   Wool- 
len summer  buckskin,  worked  with  silk.     Woollen  winter 
buckskin,  manufactured  chiefiy  from  wools  of  Silesia. 

350  '  Ofpebmann,  F.  W.,  Imgenbruchy  near  Aix-la- 

Chapelle — Manufacturer. 
Yarious  specimens  of  coloured  buckskin. 

351  Mbbkxlbaoh  T.,  &  Son,  Monijoie  near  Cologne 

— Manufacturers. 
Specimens  of  winter,  summer,  and  fancy  buckskins. 

352  Muellbb,  M.  W.,  Monijoie  near  Cologne — 

Manufacturer. 
Specimens  of  winter  and  summer  buckskin.     Smnmer 
paletot  stuff  of  Australian  wool. 

353  Sauebbdeb,  J.  A.,  Monijoie — MannfiMsturar. 

Specimens  of  winter,   summer,  and  fimcy  buckskin. 
Paletot  stuffii,  &C. 


354  Sghsibleb,  F.  J.,  Mon^oie  near  Cologne^ 

Manufacturer. 
Specimens  of  summer  buckskins,  woven  with  troddki, 
and  Jacquard  designs.  The  diagonal  stripes  an  not  ob- 
structed by  the  stripes  in  the  waip.  Sample  of  flannel, 
made  from  yam  which  is  a  mixture  of  auk-waste  and 
wool.  Hitherto,  silk  and  wool  have  only  been  used  to- 
gether twisted,  or  the  warp  was  ailk  and  tiie  weft  wooUen. 
The  peculiarities  of  this  article  are,  that  the  lilk  and  wool 
are  more  solidly  united,  and  may  be  spun  finer  thut^  when 
alone.    Jacquard  designs  for  winter  goods, 

355  Ulenbebo  &  Sohnitzlbb,  Opladen^  near  Cologne 

— Manufacturers. 

Woollen  yams :  three-thread  grey,  oval,  and  superfine 
lilac.  Knitting  worsted  yams,  in  Nos.  14^  16,  18,  22, 
and  26,  various  colours. 

Pattems  of  screws :  the  wire  produced  from  Hh^ifh 
and  Westphalian  iron. 

356  Menzebath,  John,  Imgenbrue^  near  Aix-la-Oia' 

/7«/^— Manu£Bu;turer.  (Agents  in  London,  Meaan, 
Droin,  Criiger,  k  Co.,  47a  Moorgate  Street.) 

Specimens  of  black  cassimeres  (satin-da-laine)  manu&o- 
tured  from  Silesian  wools. 


f 


PRUSSIA.— BADEN.— ELECTORAL  HESSE. 


1071 


357 

8] 


Haas,  L.  F.,  &  Soks,  BurUeheid,  near  Aix-la- 
CkapdU — Manufiicturera.  Agent  in  London, 
Mr.  Heni^  Hoffinan. 

ns  of  white  doth;  white  kerseymere  foi  court 
;  white  satin  for  court  dress;  satin  in  fancy 
and  doeskin  in  fimcy  patterns. 


358  YisasuB,  P.,  Aix-la- ChapeUe — Manufacturer. 
Specimens  of  doeskins  and  ladies'  cloth. 

359  Zamboxa  Bbothebs,  BurUcheidy  near  Aix-la- 

ChapeUe — Manufacturers.     (Agent,  A  Heintz- 
mann,  17  Ironmonger  Lane,  Uheapside.) 
Winter  cashmeres;   demi-saison  and  summer;   black 
twiBted  winter  and  summer  tricots. 


360    AxDRXAS,  CiiBlSTOPH,  Mulheim-on-the-Bhine^  near 

Cologne — Manufacturer.      (Agents  in  London, 

£.  k  H.  BUnk. 

An  aasortment  of  yelrets :  crimson  and  black,  Gkrmau 

itjfe;    black,  Lyons  and  Genoa  styles;   mantilla,  black 

and  plush  garnet.    Black  figured  velvet  shawL    Worsted 

pfaiah,  plain  crimson ;  clear  garnet ;  dark  garnet ;  striped 

with  satin;  and  with  baya&rc,  for  furnitures.     Yclyet 


361  TlLLXSOY  &  BoCH,  WallerfcMgen  Saarlouie,  Mann- 
ieim,  and  Meltlach^  near  Trevee — Manufacturers 
and  Proprietors.  (Agents  in  London,  W.  Adolpb 
&Co.) 

Specimens  of  earthenware,  in  various  shapes  and  co- 
lonra,  decorated  with  ornaments  of  the  same  material,  but 
diierently  coloured  with  platino,  gold,  and  paintings: 
TSiM,  hampers,  hanging  flower-pots,  baskets,  jugs,  wine- 
eoolera,  punch-bowls,  services  for  tea,  fancy  objects,  &c. 

A  group  of  these  objects  is  represented  in  the  adjoining 
Plate  110. 

CVnnmon  and  fine  pottery -wares,  of  white  and  coloured 
material,  painted,  printed,  and  decorated  with  gold :  table 
and  tea  services,  vases,  fancy  objects,  &c. 

Kitchen  pottery  of  blacK  material  with  white  enamel, 
eaDed  iron  ware. 

[Of  earthenware,  the  value  of  the  exports  exceeds  tliat  of 
the  imports  by  1,620,000  thalers.  The  Gennaii  ornu- 
mcnts,  for  architectural  uses,  in  clay ;  the  articles  of 
earthenware  and  fayence ;  the  stoves,  elevated  by  the 
design  and  forms  that  have  been  imparted  to  them,  to 
products  of  superior  art^ — all  these  may  compete  with 
analoguus  products  of  forei^  manufacture  for  cheapness 
in  every  market.] 

3r»2      BoEiriiE,  CiiAKLES  Lewis,   Aix-la- ChapeUe  and 
Imgenbruch — Manufacturer.     (Agent,  B.  Grut, 
11  Liine  Street.) 
Specimens  of  cashmere  cloth — Pensce,  black,  and  ohvc. 

30:i  BBCEGX.\x?f  &  Co.,  Borcetle,  near  Aix-la- ChapvUe. 
(A^jent,  O.  Enes,  28  Sion  Chaiiil)ers.) 
Tliin  and    heavy  fancj'  caj*limcre8.     Moliuir  hca«linjn:R, 
ycUow,  and  blue  and  red ;  wliite,  two  qualities.     Mohair 
cloth  of  fine  twisted  vanis. 


3*>4  Feaux  k  KiKDEL,  Aix-la- ChapeUe — iManufactiuvrs. 
Russia  cloth,  bnmze,  for  riclin^-coats.     Piece  of  wool 
tstinor;  black  croise;  and  black  royal  casluncre. 

3»t5       SciiOELLEU,  John  P.,  Diiren — Manufa<'turer. 

Wool-dyed  black  sujH^rfine  cloth ;  wool-dyed  blue 
marine*  cloth.  Bbwk  siq)erHne  satin-de-laine.  Made  and 
finished  af^iT  the  Kn^hnh  metho<ls. 


3C6       IIaax,  C,  k  Sons,  Moselkern,  near  Cohlenz — 

^fanufiK'turerH. 
Woollen  coverlets,  viz. : — Wliite  ordinary-  blanket,  w  ith 
red   stripes.      Su|>erior  wliite    blanket  ;    white   and   red 
ehrt*k    blanket.     Uorse-covcr,  checked.      Orduiary  grey 
Uaokei. 


367  Hendbichs,  Fbancis,  Eupen^  near  Aix-la- ChapeUe 

— Manufacturer. 
Specimens  of  fine  and  superfine  cloths. 

368  Pauli  &  BucHHOLZ,  Borcette,  near  Aix-la- ChapeUe 

— Manufacturers  of  Cloth. 
Specimens  of  black  royal;  croisiS;  cashmere ;  satin ;  and 
satin  tigre. 

369  Peill  &  Co.,  jyUren — Manufacturers. 

Three  pieces  of  wool-dyed  cloth : — Blue  Grecian,  olive» 
and  royal  blue.   Baw  material :  Silesian  wooL 

370  Kayseb,  a.,  Aix-la- ChapeUe — Manufacturer. 
Various  pieces  of  tliin  twilled  cloth,  and  ladies'  cloth. 

371  Kesselkaul,    John   IIenry,  Aix-la- C^peUe — 

Manufacturer.      (Agent,  A.    Ileintzmann,     17 
Ironmonger  Lane,  Qieapside.) 
Various  pieces  of  black  twilled  cloth,  plain  cloth,  and 
doeskm. 

372  Kleinscumidt  k  Von  Halfeun,  BurUcheid^ 

near  Aix-la-  ChapeUe — Manufkcturer. 
Drap  croisd  noir  Electoral.      D'Amazone  Corinthe; 
myrthe ;  and  bronze.     All  piece-coloured,  and  manufac- 
tured exclusively  from  German  wool. 

373  Knops  Bbotjiebs,  Aloys,  Aix-la-ChapeUe — 

Manufiicturcrs. 
An  assortment  of  black  cloth,  plain,  and  twilled ;  and 
black  doeskin. 

374  Schoelleb,  L.,  k  Sons,  DUren — Manu&cturers. 

(Agents,  W.  Adolj)!!  k  Co.,  St.  Maiy  Axe.) 
Specimens  of  woollen  cloths : — Wool-dyed  blue  cloth  ; 
pommo  de  rhSnc;    black.     Souricr.     Claret.    Baisix  do 
Corinthe.     Cr^pe  de  laine,  bronce  d'or,  blue. 

375  Thywissen  Bbothebs,  Aix-la^ChapeUe — 

ManufiEhcturers. 
Various  assortments  of  Ught  twilled  cloth ;  doeskin ; 
light  andhea\7  paletot ;  h^htand  lieavy  tricot;  hght  fiancy 
cashmere;  silk  twisted;  and  heavy  fancy  cashmere. 

370     Steknickkl  k  Guelcueb,  Eupen^  near  Aix-la- 
Chupellc — Manufacturers. 
Two  pieces  of  black  twilled  cloth. 


377  Pass,  C.  G.,  Remacheid — Manufacturer. 

Silk  ribbons  and  bniid :  silk  ferret  ribbon ;  floret  twilled 
silk  ribbon;  coloured  twilled  silk  braid;  black  shining 
braid ;  reddish  twilled  floret ;  white  twilled  silk ;  and  co- 
loured fhie  floret  braid. 

Black  shining  Renforce  silk  laces,  of  1  yard  length,  with 
black  tags. 

378  Anthoni,  a.,  Imgenhmcky  Aix-la-  ChapeJle — Manu- 

facturer.   (Atrents,  1).  Grut,  1  Basinjjhall  Stroet, 
and  Tix)tal  cV  Brown,  73  and  71  Picciulilly.) 
Various  s^xvunens  of  black  cloth. 


379  Andbeae,  C,  MiUheiin-Oii-tlw- Rhinef  near  Cologne 

— Manufju'turer. 
Velvet   ribbons.      Gilels  vi'lours,  double   stamjK^d— a 
new  article.     Gilets  velours  cliine ;  figuriHl  velvet;  and 
silk  j)lu^li. 

380  Feltkn  k  GriLLEAr.MK,  Cologne — Manufaclurers. 
Flat  iron-wire  rope,  man u Pictured  from  Gennan  iron- 
win*. 

Rojvs  of  Rlienisli  hcnij).  The  Rhenish  hemp  is  strong, 
and  esjMfially  suitable  for  use  in  water. 

Iron-win*  ro]H's.  Patent  flat  Manilla  hemp  ropes. 
Ropes,  cords,  and  thnMul.",  nianufiw'tured  from  RlicniHli, 
Russian,  and  Italian  licmp;  the  finest  from  Gennan, 
Flrmish,  and  Ruffian  flui. 

Samples  of  starch,  manufactured  of  wheat. 


1072 


PRUSSIA.— BADEN.— ELECTORAL  HESSE. 


381  Federeb  Beothbbs,  jFVvi^rgr — Manufkcturers. 
Clack  polished  calf-skin  leather. 

Boot  leather. 

Boot-piccea  of  calf-skin  leather. 

382  IIeintze   &    Fbeudexbero,  Weinheim — Manu- 

facturers.) Agent  in  Lirerpool,  Mr.  L.  lleintze, 
1  School  Lane.) 

Calf-skins,  japanned  black,  for  boots  and  shoes;  Tarious 
qualities. 

Calf-skins,  black  polished,  for  boots  and  shoes. 

Tlie  general  assortment  consists  of  six  qualities,  A  to  F, 
of  which  tluve,  A  C  F,  are  sent  in  for  exhibition.  These 
figures  refer  to  the  japanned  skins,  of  wliich  from  7,000  to 
8,000  are  manufactured  by  the  exhibitors  per  aimiun  ;  as 
also  about  15,000  polished  ones  during  the  same  period, 
and  upon  which  120  hands  are  kept  in  constant  employ. 
Both  articles  are  in  great  demand. 

383  Obebconz,  H.,  Treves — Manufacturer. 

Skins  of  morocco  and  russia  leather.  Exhibited  on  ac- 
count of  their  preparation  in  a  new  manner  with  known 
materials. 

[The  tanning  has  been  effected  by  aspen  and  birch, 
till  now  not  used  in  the  department  of  Treves.  The 
oil  of  the  birch-tree,  necessary  in  the  manufacture  of  mo- 
rocco leather,  was  generally  obtained  from  Russia ;  but  the 
exhibitor  procures  it  out  of  the  white  and  leathery  parts 
(the  q)idenni8)  of  the  bark  of  the  birch-tree,  and  obtains 
about  20  per  cent,  of  pure  oil,  and  30  per  cent,  of  oil  for 
burning.  The  white  and  leathery  portion  having  been 
removed  from  the  bark  of  the  birch-tree,  the  renwining 
parts  are  used  for  tanning.] 

German  and  Java  upper  leather.  Brown  and  black 
calf  leather.  Half  a  skin  of  leather  for  soles  j  tanned 
with  the  inner  and  smooth  bark  of  the  oak. 


384  Webeb,  "William,  St.  Vith — Manuiactiirer. 

Hide  of  a  Java  black  hide ;  calTs  skin,  tanned  in  five 
months,  including  the  preparatory  processes. 

385  Bebbes,  Michael,  Treves — Manufacturer. 
Leather,  consisting  of  hides  tanned  with  bark  of  the 

environs  of  Treves. 


386  BuSCHMAJfN,  JOSEPHUS  WiLLIAM,  St.  Jlth — 

Manufacturer. 
Hide  of  leather  for  soloe ;  tanned  skin  of  a  Buenos- 
AjTean  ox. 

387  Leudersdobfp,  A.  Cahen,  Mutheim-on-the- Shine. 
Specimen  of  neat's  leather  and  calf  leather ;  and  pair 

of  boot  legs. 

388  Weiland,  F.,  Cassel — Manufacturer. 

.  Brace  of  pistob,  with  complete  apparatus,  in  a  case. 

389  Enoel,  p.  H.,  Hanan — Inventor  and 

Manufacturer. 
Proof  prints,  by  an  improved  printing  press,  with  some 
original  stamps. 

390  SoMMER,  JosEPHUS,  Heidelberg — Manufacturer. 
Portfoho  and  writing  apparatus,  velvet,  with  view  of 

Heidelberg. 

Glove-case,  velvet,  and  ornaments  of  ivory. 

Small  writing-desk,  papier-macho,  with  view  of  Heidel- 
berg. 

Shaving-case,  complete. 

Ladies*  work-box,  complete. 

Pocket-books,  gilt  calf,  with  lock. 

Memorandum-book,  silk  embroidery. 
•    Cigar-cases,  set  in  steel,  and  silk  embroidery  ;  veVet, 
and  embroidery,  &c. ;  porte-monnaie,  moimted,  in  steel 
and  embroidery,  with  superior  mountings,  with  view  of 


Heidelberg  painted  on  porcclaui,  and  a  view  of  Heidelberg 
etched  on  steel. 

Spectacle-case :  steel  frame  and  embroideiy. 

391  KiRCHER,  FRiEDRicn,  Carlsnthe — Inventor  and 

Manufacturer. 

.Pounce-paper,  or  transparent  tracing,  drawing,  anil 
moddiling  paj>er,  manufactured  by  the  exliibitor,  by  » 
l>eculiar  and  ])atent  process. 

The  principal  merits  of  tliis  article  consists  of  its  ex- 
treme cheapness,  transparency,  softness,  and  the  ab:*on<v 
of  any  species  of  oily,  greasy,  or  other  objectionable  sub- 
stances. It  can  be  employed  in  the  same  way  as  an> 
other  drawing-paper,  and  it  admits  of  being  Btret<'hedand 
fixed  on  drawing-boanls  and  frames,  and  will  also  bear 
painting  on  with  water-colours,  Cliina-inks,  varnish,  &c. 

392  HoESCn  &  Sox,  Duren — Manufacturers. 
Tissue  paper  in  different  colours.    Coloured  j)o»t  paper, 

in  12mo  and  in  4to.  Blue,  white,  and  extra  fuie  wliito 
post  paper.  Writing  paper  in  foho;  and  blue,  with 
lines.  Blue  medium ;  white  medium.  S^u'lter  plate  for 
smoothing  pai)er. 

393  ScnuELL,  Ludolph,  Duren — Manufacturer. 
Thick  and  extra  thick  post  paper  (glazed)  in  folio,  &c. ; 

largo  blue  post ;  ribbed  medium,  &c. 

394  PiETTE,  Lewis,  I>iUengen — Manufacturer. 
Post  paper,  blue  and  white.     "Writing  paper,  wlute  and 

coloureo.     Straw  pajjcr. 


395  Flammersheim,  William,  Cologt 

Manufacturer. 
Rolls  of  tapestry,  copied  from  original  paintmgs. 

396  Meixel,  Antonie,  Baden  Baden— Manufactnren. 
Knitted  Unen  shawls,  made  with  two  needles  of  number 

200  thread,  exliibitcd  on  accomit  of  the  beauty  of  the 
work.  

397  ROBSSLER,  C.  II.,  HanaUy  in  Hesse — Manufacturer. 

(Agents,  OpiMjnheim  and  Co.,  18  Bow  Lane, 
Clieapside.) 
A  variety  of  felt  and  silk  hats,  particularly  adapted  for 
exportation.  

398  LeimkChler,  Lewis,  Aix-la-ChapelU — 

Manufacturer. 
Black  felt  hat ;    black    soft    short-haired   hat ;    gray 
hat,  double  rings  ;  black  silk  hat. 

399  ScHUETZENDORFP,  H.  J.,  Cologne — Manufacturer. 
Gentlemen's  ball-room  boots  with  silk  tops,  to  replatv 

pumps  and  stockings ;  boots  in  buckskin  without  scam  ; 
and  boots  for  children. 


400        KoHLSTADT,  Lewis,  Cologne — Manufacturer. 

An  assortment  of  braces  and  garters,  of  silk  and  caout« 
chouc. 

4r01     Wahlen    &   ScuMiDT,    Cologne — Manufacturers. 
(Agent,  W.  Cordingley  &  Co.,  18  Aldermanbury.) 
An  assortment  of  kid  gloves,  and  card  of  patterns. 

402  Scn6x,  Philip,  St.  Ooar — Manufacturer. 

Saws  for  goldsmiths  and  silversmiths,  and  for  carpi^n- 
ters  and  comb-makers. 

The  blades  are  made  of  steel  procured  from  watch-spring 
manufactories  in  Switzerland  and  France. 

The  teeth  of  the  compass-saws  are  filed,  and  English 
files  only  can  be  used  for  that  purpose. 

403  Ulrich,  Jacob,  St.  Goar — Manufacturer. 

Saws,  of  diffen»nt  dimensions,  for  the  use  of  goldsmitlis, 
silversmiths,  girdlers,  comb-makers,  tumors  in  ivory,  and 
joiners. 


I 


F  iBwnLsRr.    HEsan  j.  r.  hacku  asd  co.     FRAirKronT-oii- 


i' 


f 


1, 


I 

i! 


I! 


'\ 


. 


I 


I 


i 


I 

I 


\ 


PR0S8U.— BADEN.— ELECTORAL  HESSE. 


Tb«M  law*  are  mtuiubctuTed  of  apring-eloel.    Tlioiie 
r    Mniiig   wood   and    hom   aru   niatlo  of  bpond  wliilc 

-tlet-l ;  tad  thoee  for  uwing  loetalB  aru  made  of  old 

■springs.        


4*t4     RiiNECiBB  &Co.,  Geohoe  Albbut,  Cotogae— 
MsiiiJiiLiurcrB. 
Samples  of  pine,   hooks   aiid  oje»,  and  elastie  «i 
iv]in-wiiliiig  Ootliic  arched,  buu-iiig  Ibo  anns  of  Ibt- 


J,  Schiialhal,  near 
— MnnuEicdirer. 

wire  ringa.  D 
uni]iln>  of  unfinialwd  and  SaUhed  Deedlca.  llu.-  r 
uisttTtal  is  of  Euglish  urigin. 


t"5        ScuLncuER,  Cu-ts 

Aic-la-ChapflU- 
(rstianiifd  e    '    '    ' 


4i  i>i      As9]iAM>,  SvsWi,  Nevicied  on  ^Ae  Shine^ 
Manufiicturer. 
VariiHu  rnlinsTy  and  otbcr  articles  made  of  rolled  sliiwt 
irun,  and  tumed  with  Bonoi  tin,  consisting  of  sli'w-jmnii 
cskr-platea,   nater-vana,    ladlca,   lea-kcttlus,    cotrec-jiots, 
niilk-cBDi,  frfing-pana,  &C. 


4i)~     BsuESL  (Widow)  &  Son,  AU-la-ChapeUe—^ltam- 

Etetoien.   (Agent,  0,]<'niuL'ukuei.'Lt,tlUlii9liops- 

gate  Street  Within.) 

Banaplca  of  diSbrent  qualilim  of  nix-dles,  iiiunnfiu'liired 

of  nM  (ted  from  the  «orks  of  Messn,  t^iidcrson  llro- 

llwn  aad  Co.,  Sheflleld,  and  rolled  and  drawn  iulo  wire 

~  Vtacj  bodlina,  kiutting  |>ins,  &c. 


408      EabKX,  JlCOU,  Co%H— UanufactllPpr.    (Ageii 
JL  i.  HoKtaedt,  i  Bridge  Street,  liUckfriiin'.) 
Iron  decoiated  mantle  sCOTen  and  OTcns  ;  inwli'lleil,  caa 
gill,  Ac,  bj  the  exhibitor. 


409  JinjtiWB,  JlCOli's  (\Viaow),  Jlaxati— 

ManuTaclurer. 
An  tMortmcnt  of  sample*  ofeuainel :— Red  i  rose 
licht  and  dark  \  dark  blue,  Iranaparenl  and  u|Hii[iLe ; 
blue,  tranaparviit,  and  opaque  i  Tiulel,  tninsiiannil  ; 
In:i-|umiit ;  blni'k  ;  gn-eii,  light  and  dark,  tn<n7']> 
«.•(  u(a4(iie  ;  jellow,  light  and  dark,  Irmupan.'!!!  ;  opii 
icil'iK,  u|ia>jiie  1  opal ;  tuniuuimr,  wliili',  ki: 

T\,e  hofu  of  all  kluda  of  vnaiiiet  inn  pun.'  gbi'o,  v 
L-  'n-iiikn-d  either  seini-lruijsp]in'iil  <m'  ..I'iiiiiio  Ik 
sdrnivoire  of  nu-tallie  oiiih-s.  While  .iiu.iiel  i>-  iii^li 
t...lliiiif  Ihe  oiide  of  tin  with  glll^•!^.— J.  II. ' 

4i<'  STElMt.,ErEKiHli:B,  //.(«»«,  //..«f    - 


411       ll.i.kts.  .1,  F,  A  n,„    7h..„;.,    Jlrsi, 

n.i.lMaiiiif..'limT>..    (.\i;L'nt  in  I. |r 

Si.  (i.^TL-.*-  'IViTnri-.  EImI.-  I'iirk.) 


:l...!.i.r  i.f  Ihe    NVl hrrliitid-.    Kii:;;    IViiTi.i.-    ]. 


.i,.'xf.l  rhile  ir.i. 


413  Hacuce,  FUEUERICK  O.,  JFanaM — Manufacturer. 
Flower,  ill  brilliunts  and  rubies,  with  leaves  of  eniondd 
and  gru'ii  enamel,  in  n  insu  of  gold  and  enaiuel.  lliu 
Ihivrer  can  be  detu(-lie<l  in  the  middle  of  the  stum,  and 
uscil  as  a  bnxx^Ji  or  buir  |iiu.     This  flower  is  rupreeeutcd 


1074 


PRUSSIA.— BADEN.— ELECTORAL  HESSE. 


Specimens  of  inlaid  work  for  floors,  consisting  of  con- 
centric circles  and  radii,  containing  2,996  pieces. 
Two  of  the  same  sort,  with  stars,  and  864  pieces. 

416  Kbamsb,  Chables  A.,  Cologne — Inrentor. 

Plaster  cast  in  the  rococo  style.  Cornice,  and  orna- 
ments for  keystones,  &c.,  in  stucco. 

41 7  En OELHABD  &  Kabth,  Mannheim — Manufacturer. 
Several  specimens  of  stained  paper,  stretched  on  wooden 

frames. 

418  NoE,  O.,  Hanau,  Heste — Manufacturer. 
A  model  of  a  chandelier,  in  gypsum. 

419  FiXLEB,  Tbitschelleb  &  Co.,  LenzJnrch  in  the 

Black  Forest — Manufacturer. 

A  varieb^  of  straw  hats  for  gentlemen,  youths,  and 
children,  of  different  styles. 

Bound,  flat,  and  square  cigar  cases. 

All  of  purely  home  produce.  The  primitive  material, 
the  straw,  cultivated  in  the  district  of  Lenzkirch,  and  cut 
by  the  manu&cturers,  who  subsequently  bleach,  plait,  and 
work  it  into  hats.  On  comparing  the  different  methods 
employed  for  the  produce  of  this  article  at  Florence  and 
other  parts  of  Tuscany  ranking  high  in  this  class  of 
manufi&cture,  it  was  discovered,  that  there  had  been 
lately  introduced  a  superior  method  of  plaiting  in  four 
meshes ;  that  is,  numbered  straw,  and  wMch  alone  could 
produce  first-rate  qualities.  The  exhibitors  have,  for 
several  years,  endeavoured  to  introduce  the  same  pro- 
cess at  home,  and  have  succeeded  in  giving  this  texture  to 
about  one-half  of  their  produce. 

420  Nees,  a.  F.,  Cologne — Manu&cturer. 
Samples  of  patent  flat  or  curved  wood  mouldings, 

chiefly  employed  for  making  frames,  and  by  upholsterers, 
decorators,  &c. ;  made  in  various  breadths  m)m  \  an  inch 
to  10  inches. 

421  PALLEinsEBG,  H.,  Cologne — Manu&cturer. 
Lady's  escritoire  of  rosewood,  with  carvings,  containing 

secret  drawers  curiously  arranged. 

422  Kendall,    H.,    Cologne^    and  Aix-la-ChapeUe, 

(Agent  in  London,  Joseph  Kendall,  8  Harp  Lane, 
Great  Tower  Street.) 
Yarious  samples  of  Eau  de  Cologne,  pomatum,  sachets, 
assorted  perfumes,  toilette  soap,  &c. 

423  Leyek,  Fbam,  Heidelberg — Manufacturer  and 

Inventor. 

Heads  of  European  animals,  natural  size,  modelled  from 
nature,  and  executed  in  an  imitation  of  bronze,  for  the 
decoration  of  hunting  rooms — 

1 — 1  Stags'-heads,  with  real  antlers.  5 — 8  Fallow- 
deers.  9—12  WUd  boars.  13—16  Wolves.  17—18 
Wild  goats,  with  plaster  of  Paris  horns.  19 — ^24  Deers. 
25 — 30  Chamois'  head,  with  real  horns.  31 — 34  Grey- 
hounds, 35 — 38  Pointers.  39 — 42  Spaniels,  with  long 
hair.  43—48  Terriers.  49—54  Foxes.  55—60  Wild 
cats.  61—66  Hares.  67—70  Horn-owls.  71—76 
Eagles.    77 — 82  Capercalias. 


424     Sfsndeck,  J.  P.,  &  Co.,  18  Oroese  Neugaete, 

Cologne. 
Samples  of  eou  de  Cologne,  of  various  qualities  and  in 
various-sized  bottles. 


425      Mabtin,  Mabia  Clementina,  Cologne — 
Inventor  and  Manufacturer. 
Eau  de  Cologne ;  Carmelite  spirit  of  molissa. 


426  Fabina,  Johann  Mabli,  Cologne — Manufacturer. 

Specimens  of  eau  de  Cologne,  in  the  different  sizes  of 
bottles. 

427  Hebstatt,  C,  &  Co.,  Cologne — Manufacturer. 
Cologne  water  of  different  qualities. 


428  MooSBBUGGEB  &  EoBBE,  Coblenz — Manufacturers. 
Table  slabs  of  artificial  marble,  inlaid  with  mosaic 
work.     Cash-box  of  the  same. 


429  Wbtgold,  a.,  Srkelenz — Inventor. 

A  piece  of  tapestry  on  canvas — Buth  and  Boaz — con- 
taining upwards  of  480,000  stitches,  in  4^860  squares. 


430  Heckel,  Cabl  Febdinand,  Mannheim — Collector 
and  Preserver  of  Plants. 

Picturesque  groups  of  dried  alpine  plants. 

A  volume  containing  a  collection  of  25  specimens  of 
alpine  plants.  These  pictures  are  formed  solely  of  plants, 
as  produced  by  nature,  without  any  co-admixture  of 
colours  or  dyes.  They  form  elegant  and  instructive  ad* 
ditions  to  an  herbaria,  or  collections  of  vertu. 


431  Caxtbb  Bbothebs,  OreimMioA — Inventors. 

Statue : — ^Arminius,  prince  of  the  Cherusci,  a  hostage 
at  Rome,  meditating  over  the  deliverance  of  his  country ; 
designed  and  modelled  in  plaster  of  Paris  by  the  exhi- 
bitor. 

A  faun,  in  plaster  of  Paris,  carrying  a  vino-branch. 

Full-length  figure,  in  plaster  of  Paris. 

Two  other  figures. 

432  DiCEEBT,  Thomas,  Bonn — Manufiicturer. 

Believo  of  the  "  Siebengebiive,"  on  the  Rhine.  Bclievo 
of  Mount  Vesavius.  Intendea  to  illustrate  the  geological 
and  orological  relations  of  the  respective  regions.  They 
have  been  executed  from  the  best  scientific  materials,  and 
the  personal  observations  of  the  exhibitor. 

[These  relief  maps,  of  which  there  are  several  in  the 
Exhibition,  are  wcU  adapted  for  educational  purposes  to 
give  a  comparative  idea  of  the  actual  physical  features  of 
a  district.  The  Rhine,  between  Coblentz  and  Bonn,  is  so 
remarkable  for  the  form  and  arrangement  of  the  hills,  and 
the  shape  of  its  small  lakes,  all  of  which  are  of  volcanic 
origin,  that  a  comparison  between  this  district  and  the 
country  around  the  recent  volcano  of  Mount  Yesuvios 
cannot  fiiil  to  be  instructive.  The  Germans  were  the  first 
to  introduce  relief  maps  at  modente  prices. — D.  T.  A.3 


PRUSSIA.— ELECTORAL  HESSE. 


1075 


c.  PRUSSIA  AND  LITHUANIA^ 


433       Savkek,  a.  T05,  Jit/im/'e^— Producer. 
Two  wool  fleeces. 


434  Waxchteb,  J.,  TiUU — Producer  and  Manufac- 

turer.    (Agent  in  London,  A.  Giibba.) 
Lineeed  and  rape-seed  cake.    Grained  and  powdered 
anhiml  chaiooaL    Scum  of  sugar  for  manure. 

435  HsBMAinr,  C,  DatUxic — Manufacturer. 

A  pair  of  bronze  chandeliers,  Ghneek  style,  after  patterns 
cf  canddabra  found  in  PompeiL 

436  Luck,  A.,  Marienwerder — Manufistcturer. 
CoBke  machine  and  teapots,  particularly  fitted  for  tra- 

Tdling,  being  of  small  size  and  easily  heated.    A  machine 
for  rftfT*«'"g  almonds  for  noarchpanes. 

437  LoswSNflOir,  M.  Tilrit — Manufacturer. 

A  tower  in  filigree  work  set  in  garnets,  similar  to  those 
osed  by  the  Russian  Jews  at  the  celebration  of  the 
M>bath.  

438  MASnmwnaRf  W.,  KdnigMherg — Proprietor. 
Two  pieces  of  amber  of  6  and  4|  poimds  weight,  ox- 

>'«*«^*^  on  account  of  their  size  and  beauty. 


439    HoFFiCAinr,  C.  W.,  Vantzic — Manufiicturer. 

Sondiy  articles  manufactured  from  amber;  beads  of 
the  mne,  exhibited  on  account  of  their  beauty  and  work- 
■MBship,  and  to  show  the  difficulty  of  joining  small  pieces ; 
the  muformity  of  coloiur  is  very  difficult  to  obtain.  The 
are  sent  to  show  the  way  in  which  they  are  pre- 
and  packed  for  the  trade. 


440     HoFf  MAKN,  O.  I.,  2>a»^ziV?— Manufacturer. 

Assortment  of  amber  bead?,  simdry  articles  manufac- 
tured firom  amber. 


441     Roy,  W.  ton,  Dantzic — ManufiMsturer  and 

Collector. 
A  cabinet  containing  amber  (raw),  arranged  according 
to  natural  history,  which  it  has  taken  25  years  to  collect. 
A  tea-tray  ornamented  with  the  arms  of  Great  Britain. 
Snuff-boxes.  A  hilt  of  a  dagger.  Brooches.  Bracelets 
and  seeds.  All  manufiu;tured  from  amber,  and  orna- 
mented with  silver. 

[Amber  is  the  resinous  exudation  of  an  extinct  genus 
of  coniferous  trees,  formerly  existing  in  great  abimdance 
in  the  Northern  hemisphere,  and  now  washed,  or  dredged 
up,  on  the  shores  of  the  Baltic,  chiefly  between  Konigs- 
berg  and  Mcmel,  but  sometimes  on  the  coast  of  Scandi- 
navia. With  it  are  sometimes  found  fragments  of  lignite^ 
and  the  amber  itself  frequently  incloses  small  insects  and 
other  organic  substances.  The  outside  of  the  amber  is 
often  marked  vrith  the  impression  of  branches  and  bark, 
and  the  inside,  in  one  instance,  presents  the  corolla  of  an 
imknown  flower.  The  composition  of  amber  is  compli- 
cated, and  not  invariable.  It  contains  a  volatile  oil,  two 
resins  soluble  in  alcohol  and  ether,  succinic  acid,  and  an 
unsoluble  bituminous  substance. — D.  T.  A.] 


442    Reichel  Bbothebs,  T^U^it — Manufacturers. 
Various  strings  of  musical  instruments. 


443     llErDENBEicn,  Teacher  at  Tilsit — Proprietor. 
A  scene  from  sacred  histoiy  carved  in  wood. 


444      Gbztbowski,  Vicar  of  BerefU—VrGpiiaioT. 

A  carving  of  wood  in  a  frame,  representing  a  vase  con- 
taining flowers  and  birds,  &c. 


d.  PRUSSIA.— ELECTORAL  HESSE.— LUTE. 


445  EoTAL  Pbussun  Salt  Works,  Nctualzuerh^ 

near  Rehme. 
Samples  of  Aalt,  fine  and  middle  grains,  obtained  from 
the  soole  (brine),  gradually  purified. 

446  VOESTEB,  C.  D.,  Ei/pCj  near  Jla/jen — Producer. 
Samples  of  rough  or  eai<t-iron,  made  malleable  und  de- 

rarbunised  bv  a  new  j>roee!«s,  ond  stated  to  be  rendered 
equal  to  ttecf.     Adapted  for  cutlery. 

447  Lehkkim>,   Falkenkotii,   &    Co.,    Ilaspe,   near 

Hagen  —  Manufaeturers  ;    and  Ewald  Kiepe, 
Patentee,  38  FiMhury  Square. 

Specimen:)  of  raw  puddling  t«tet»l  made  from  Oemian 
charcoal  pig  iron,  from  Belgian  n^fined  metal,  and  from 
Yaesccdwyn  refined  metal.  Puddlwl  steel  in  ban*  und 
k>op#,  refined  bv  the  new  potent  process,  from  Belgian, 
German,  and  i'nesced wyn  pig  iron.  Rolled  puddled 
•U«l.  Puddled  steel  refined  by  the  old  German  welding 
prwieM.     Patent  waggc>n  axle  of  refined  bteel. 

TTie  steel  exhibitetl  i««  prepared  in  puddling  ftimooes 
with  coals.  It  i^  employed  in  large  ([uantitieB  on  the 
OTitinmt  for  the  manufacture  of  eutlerj',  waggon  axle- 
trwK,  fileis  «:pring!«,  &c. 

It  is  exhibited  for  its  cheapness,  ImrdnetiP,  tenacity,  and 
elaflticitj. 


448       Stinnes,  II.  A.  S.  Mathias,  MUlheim  on  Ruhr 

— Producer. 

Samples  of  coke,  friH?  from  heterogeneous  snbHtanecs, 
man ufiietureil  from  pit-eoul  of  the  Victoria  Mathias  mine. 


449  Deeslek,  J.  II.,  pen.,  S'wqen — ManufaeturiT 

and  PrtKlueer. 

Samples  of  iron  ore  from  Ilohegrethe  ;  sjmrrj-  iron  on», 
from  Peterbtteh  and  St.  -\ndn*a» ;  und  brown  irtm  ore, 
with  and  without  nmnganc»s*»,  from  Ihitli ;  all  near  Ilumm. 

Laminated  wliite  ca»t-iron.     Wliite  cast  iron,  forged 

pip- 
Mottled  iron.     Grey  j)ig  iron,  and  grey  metal  founder)* 
pig.     Bur  iron. 

450  The  United  Coal  Mines  (Saelzeu  and  Neu-Ack), 

KftJitn — Produeers.  * 

Si>ocimen  of  coal,  to  show  the  produce  of  the  miniMi 
of  the  exliibitors.  Thin  coal  w  eonsiden.'d  to  be  more 
bitumiuouH,  and  to  contain  less  sulphur  than  others  of  the 
tlistrict. 

451  Lamdixon,  Uluu  II,  k  Co.,  Brilon^  near  Amtherg 

— Pnnluei'rs. 
S|N.vimens  of  lead  and  silver  ore ;  sulphuret  of  lead  and 
zinc. 


107G 


PRUSSIA.— ELECTORAL  HESSE. 


452  RocuATZ,  Charles,  Muiheim  on  Suhr — Manufac- 

turer. (Agents  in  London,  Messrs.  N.  M.  Roths- 
cliild,  2  New  Court,  Switliin's  Lane.) 

Crystal  vases  with  white  zinc.  Samples  of  roasted  zinc 
ores  and  8i>elter ;  of  zinc  ores  and  rolled  zinc.  The  raw 
materials  from  native  mines. 

\Vhit€  zinc  is  intended  as  a  substitute  for  white  lead, 
as  the  manufacture  is  not  injurious  to  the  health  of  the 
Workmen.  The  zinc  is  obtained  in  two  ways,  viz.,  out  of 
spelter  produced  from  the  sulphuret  of  zinc,  or  direct  from 
the  same  ores  by  a  particular  process,  for  which  a  patent 
has  been  taken  out. 

[A  Commission,  appointed  by  the  French  Government, 
examined  this  question,  and  their  report  was  favourable  to 
the  employment  of  white  zinc.  The  effects  of  white-lead 
manufk^ture,  as  carried  on  at  present,  are  exceedingly  inju- 
rious to  the  health  of  those  engaged  in  its  preparation ; 
but  manufacturers  who  supply  their  workmen  with  drinks 
acidulated  with  sulphuric  acid  state  that  they  thus  secure 
them  from  Icad-coUc:  the  lead  absorbed  is  converted  into 
the  sulphate,  and  thus  is  nearly  inert.  It  has  been  stated 
that  in  white-lead  manufactories,  the  men,  from  inhaling 
the  oxide  of  zinc,  suffer  from  nausea :  this  has  been  denied, 
where  proper  care  has  been  taken  to  secure  the  workmen 
from  the  oxide  of  zinc  during  the  process  of  its  formation. 

AVTiite  zinc  is  manufactured  by  melting  the  metal,  and, 
wliile  it  is  at  a  high  temperature,  driving  a  current  of 
atmospheric  air  upon  its  surface ;  the  metal  very  rapidly 
oxidizes,  and  the  oxide  passing  out  of  the  furnace  is  col- 
lected—R.  U.]      

453  Boeing,  Roeub  &  Lefsky,  Limburg  on  the  Lanne 

— Producer. 
Rolled  and  hammered  pieces  of  puddhng  steel ;  round 
rolled  and  hammered  samples  of  steel.  Made  of  German 
pig-iron,  worked  in  puddling  furnaces  with  pit-coal,  and 
rolled  or  hammered  as  it  comes  out  of  the  furnace.  Exhi* 
bited  in  consequence  of  the  assumed  imjiortaiice  of  the 
process. 

[Tlie  peculiarity  of  tliis  process  would  ap]iear  to  consist 
in  a  method  by  which  the  iron  in  the  puddling  furnace, 
where  it  is  usually  kept  in  a  state  of  fusion  for  the  pur- 
pose of  separating  all  volatile  matters,  is  made  to  absorb 
the  necessary  quantity  of  carbon  to  convert  it  into  steel. 
— R.  H.] 

454  Hambloch,  Jacob,  Crombachy  near  Siegen — 

Proprietor. 
Specimens  of  refined  steel.  Raw  materials — sparry 
iron  ore  from  the  Miisen  mines,  wliieli,  after  smelting 
with  charcoal,  produces  the  Miisen  steel;  when  this  is 
forged  with  charcoal,  the  best  qualities  arc  obtained  for 
cutlery  and  steel  casting. 

455  Haniel,  Francis,  Ruhrort  on  the  Suhr — Producer. 
Specimens  of  coal  and  coke.     Coal  from  the  following 

mines:  Heinrich,  Stcingatt,  Hagenbeck,  SiUzer  and  Neuack, 
and  Zollvereui.    Coke  from  Schdlerpad,  S&lzer, and  Ncwack. 

[Tlie  small  but  important  coal-field  of  the  Rulir,  con- 
Tfiniently  situated  near  Dusseldorf,  on  the  Rhine,  and 
occupying  a  triangidar  area  of  nearly  120  square  miles, 
appears  to  be  a  contuiuation,  across  the  Rliine  valley,  of 
the  BclgiAi  coal-fields,  and  is  of  the  same  geological  age. 
It  consists  of  alternating  bands  of  sanilstone  and  shale, 
with  scams  of  ironstone  and  coal  reposing  on  other  beds 
of  sandstone  and  shale,  which  are  unproductive,  and  then 
on  carboniferous  limontone.  Tlie  coal  is  bitmninous,  and  of 
fair  quality,  and  is  much  used,  both  in  the  numerous  iron 
works  and  factories  of  Westphalia,  and  in  many  places  on 
the  Rhine,  where  it  can  be  conveniently  conveyed  by 
water  ttirriage.     It  enters  into  competition  with  Saaro 


coal,  and  is  much  worked.  Tliis  coal  resembles  that  of 
some  English  coal-fields,  and  is  worked  in  tlie  same  ntan- 
ner.  It  is  convened  both  up  and  down  tlie  Rliiue ;  and 
bears  about  the  same  price  as  that  of  the  Saarc,  >\hicli 
is,  however,  generally  preferred.  The  quantity  is  not  very 
large.  The  cokes  obtained  from  the  Ruin*  coal  are  tolerably 
good.— D.  T.  A.] 


456         IIarkort  &  Son,  Wetter  on  the  Ruhr — 

Manufacturers. 

Samples  of  German  crude  steel,  for  caat-stecl  sword  and 
scythe  steels  ;  best  steel  for  knives. 

Blister  steel,  converted  from  charcoal- iron. 

Common  steel,  for  files. 

Spring  steel,  and  steel  for  hatchets.  Tlie  German  crude 
steel  is  used  for  refining  or  shearing  steel,  and  making  cast 
steel ;  the  blister  steel  is  used  in  the  manufacture  of  export 
articles. 

[The  ore  from  which  tliis  steel  is  made  is  a  crystalline 
carbonate  of  considerable  purity,  and  is  callwl  by  the 
Germans  stahl-ttein,  or  stal  ore.  Tlie  iron  obtained  from 
this  ore  by  smelting  with  charcoal  is  of  a  peculiar  quality, 
and  well  adapted  to  form  a  cheap  substitute  for  the  finer 
kinds  of  steel  in  certain  manufactures.  It  has  been 
supposed  that  the  presence  of  a  considerable  percentage 
of  peroxide  of  manganese  in  the  laminated  varieties  of 
spathic  iron,  commonly  used  for  this  purpose,  is  favour- 
able for  the  conversion  into  steel.  The  stahl-stein  is 
generally  of  pale-brown  colour,  darkening  on  exposure, 
and  is  more  readily  reduced  after  it  has  thus  become 
modified.  It  resembles  some  carbonates  of  lime  in 
appearance,  but  is  heavier,  harder,  and  effervesces  much 
more  slowly  in  acids.  It  is  very  abundant,  and  occurs  in 
veins,  often  of  enormous  thickness,  in  Westphalia,  Styria^ 
and  in  the  province  of  Biscay  in  Spain. — D.  T.  A.] 


457  Krimmelbein  &  Bredt,  Barmen, 

Samjjles  of  red  prussiate  of  ])otash.  Cjanide  powder. 
Powder  of  royal  blue.  Com^wsition  for  royal  blue ;  and 
for  porcelain  blue.  Extract  of  archil.  SafOower  carmine ; 
indigo.  Indigo  extract.  Prepared  catechu.  Pink  salt. 
Stannate  of  soda.  Bichloride  of  tin.  Tin  salt,  piue.  Tin 
powder ;  and  muriate  of  ammonia. 

[Archil,  litmus,  cudbear,  are  the  names  given  to  a 
purple  dye,  prepared  by  the  joint  action  of  air  and 
ammoniacal  salts,  from  various  lichens,  particularly  the 
Rocella  ttnctoria,  Safflower  carmine  {Carthamine)  l*« 
obtained  by  washing  safflower  (Carthamus  tinctorin*)  in 
water,  until  the  yellow  colouring  matter  is  removed,  then 
dissolving  out  the  carthamine  by  a  weak  solution  of 
carbonate  of  soda,  and  precipitating  with  dilute  sulphuric 
acid.  It  is  a  fine  red  colour,  and  dries  with  a  cantharidcs- 
green  bronze  :  it  is  the  colour  sold  dried  in  saucers,  known 
as  pink  saucers.  Catechu,  is  the  dried  extract  of  the  tree 
Mimosa  catechu^  a  native  of  India  :  it  is  sometimes  called 
terra  jajwnica  :  it  contains  a  peculiar  tannic  acid,  which 
differs  from  that  obtained  from  nut-galls  in  some  of  its 
properties.  Apart  from  its  employment  in'  tanning, 
catechu  is  used  in  combination  with  difTerent  metallic 
and  earthy  salts  employed  as  mordants  in  dyeing.  Tin 
salt  is  a  compound  of  peroxide  of  tin  and  potasna  (stan* 
nate  of  potasaa),  and  is  made  by  deflagrating  tin  with 
nitre.— W.  D.  L.  R.] 


458      CuBTlXTS,  JuLirs — DuUlmrg  on  the  Rhine. 

Blue  and  green  ultramarine.  Used  by  printers,  paintcra, 
^.,  and  for  tapestry;  they  resist  alum,  and  improve 
by  exposure  to  tlic  air. 


PRUSSIA.— ELECTORAL  11  ESSE. 


1077 


4.'»t»         OUTHEIL  k  Co.,  DttMeldarf-^VToduivn. 

S{ieriiucu  of  prusnatc  of  potash  (ferrocyaiiidc  of  ])ota9- 
Himi).  

4»"iO      Stohhaks  &  WCstknfeld,  Xeusalztrerkf  near 

Jliiufen — M  an  ufoct  urers. 

Cljtinionl  products  fnnn  tlio  inothtT-W  of  the  salt-works 
iit.'ar  Minilou,  rhioflv  combinations  of  bromine. 

^IJroinine  wa-*  disi'oven^d  by  M.  Bahirtl,  of  ^ronliK'Uier, 
in  Fraiuf,  in  the  year  182G.  lie  obtainetl  it  from  tlio 
Biothcr-liijuors  of  the  Halt  works  in  whieh  sea-water  was 
inipluinl.  It  is  fui  elementary-  Hubstance,  litjuid  at  onH- 
Lanr  ti'ni|HTatun.^,  of  intense  reddisli-brown  colour,  an<l 
i-r^««.-s«iii;jj  a  powtTful  odoTir ;  at  about  13"  below  the  zei-o 
Kt  KahrenhcitV  »e:de  it  solidi(If!<  to  a  er^stallizin;^  tfolid  of 
tbiiiinnti'd  f>trueturt>;  and  at  about  IIG^  it  boils,  civing  oti' 
Tt»iiii?h-bpown  vapours.  It  bleaches  vegetable  colours,  and 
ivloim  starch  of  an  orange  tint ;  its  compounds  are,  with 
Kinie  i*xoii>tions,  tenm*d  bromides  ;  the  combination  with 
I'XVgcTif  be^t  known,  is  called  bromic  acid,  and  the  com- 
binations of  buses  \kith  this  acid  are  termed  bromates. — 
W.  D.  L.  R.]       

4*51  AVesf.\feij3  &  Co.,  Barmen. 

fc*mnip]e!»  of  so^la-a^h,  c<>ntainin<;  i»l>J  ]K*r  (vnt.  of  car- 
bonate' of  Mxla,  for  glass  manufui'tuivrs ;  caustic  soda, 
from  the  red  mother-liquor  of  sodn-ash,  adapt<'d  for 
fuiil>-tioiliTs ;  chloride  of  Ihiie,  cimtaining  30  jkt  cent,  of 
cbl'iriuo;  autiehlore,  a  pn*pamti<tn  for  ncutndizin;^  clilo- 
ridc  of  liine  after  bleaching ;  ada]iteil  for  papcr-inakcrs. 

[**Aiitichlore''  is  sulphite  of  soda;  that  is,  a  comjtound  of 
ftul]>hurous  acid  and  soila.  In  etfivting  its  object,  the  sul- 
I'Litt*  i>{  MxU  becomes  converte<l  into  sulphate  of  >oda,  and 
tUc  ehlorinc  combim»H  with  hydrogen,  and  tonus  nnu-iatic 
Siiil  (hydroi-hloric  acid),  which  may  be  neutralized  by  an 
aii^OL-lw.  D.  L.  K.] 

4«"i J  IIORSTMANN  &  Co.,  Jfoi'it/,  luutr  Sfcr.'r 

Mniiufactuivr-. 
*•  i:.  }'ii'-  of  a/,un.'-blui.'  >iii:ilt.     Samj'lo-*  of /allW'. 

"*:..'lt    i"«  :\   t;l.i«'S  colnurvd  witli   oviilr   «•!"  <'(tl»alt.    mm-I 

i  I'l  :i  liin' piiuilcr  :    it    i-«   u-«'<l    t'<ir  l»hiiii_'  writii  r 

'    I  r  I'tjuT- :    hut  till*  iiitrothii-i  i'tii  cf  ai't  ilifiil  ult'-..- 

.-•       !i  :-  ••■.i-idi  im1)1\    «liiiiiiii-<]M(l  [{-  ccii-iDiipi  ion    Inr 

■    If  ■ii-i'.     Z.iirrc  i>  an  impur.'  o\ii|i*   of  rcHiill.  nl)- 

f'k   n^.i-tisiu  :ir."t'ni<Ml  «il;ilt  «:-.\-.      \V.  I).  ]..  \l. 

'      .    1     '    \i't\  \L  A  MM    Wcl.K*.   N  //  "     /^'^    />.\//-.'/  '•/* 

/;;//» ,/;  /. '. 

ll-  :::»•   I    .-ilnl    r"iiiliii»n     p.-!.i-:i-:!liiiri    (•»'\ -1  ;!!!'■■!  :     ("ii- 
J,  ■■.il\  a  -iiiall  proporti  >:i  •■fiio:!.  jmI    iLi.-iiia'-l  ..rt-tl 
'  -    .     ..  i".\«   «'i',  .. 

-  .     ■  :  ii-ii-  ru'i'l  cl-u  .  ki;"\\  M  ih  t  ra-lf  iiii'li"' '  '■■  di  i,i'i:ima- 
•  '  '■!  iiiiiria>  ;    \\  liii-li  i  nril  um-  l>nt  litt  !■'  i  .  >ii  ;    i-i:>iiiii.ii-- 
■     -■   '  '.  ■••    ■.  I.  ili\i'  iTi-"  li\  1  xii'i-nn*  l«'  l':«-  fi'-'  'luri"^'  tli- 
A       ■    ■.      ('•!iii.'in   :i;ii|    •«  li»ii<l    |  «■!  i^ii-.i!!:.!    »  "x -t.'.i.i,<  .1  ;   j 
■.    ■i'i,-i'»|  iri-iii  i.itn*-   ahiiri  ^l.it.-.      "^j  •  •  I'm  !.-    <  t    lli-    I 
-   .!:-t.  « i.iit.-iiiiiiiL:   Inl  lillli-  p\ii:<«.      Ai.iin    p  :iii'i- 
.    '  .  -•  >:  ::i<iii  alt'ii  -■li;-'-,ri\   -jinpK"  i'Xj'ii>ui'f. 

4*  t         Maiim-  a   W;  I  ■  "■,  Ik-  :J.n,-n>,i  lihi:' 

.M..1-    'a  -t  iifti--. 

W  .i:a'i"  ai  i.l,   \>\\\\  '1\     V.  11.  amii.'.  i\«  i:;]'t  fr'>:ii  inn 
•'.  !  -     li    .•■II'.:-  aii'l.      111.  .i';.i'._[   ]>«t\Ml»  r,  or   flil<.-i<i'    ««f 

■  .  ::.'."  |-.  :•  ..i.t.  .■:  !.  .i  1  ■.     >:lp'-.«'-«.t"-..-la.  1  s  [  ■  "  .t  :.l 
*     I      «  ■".-•    I-.  ii.  V  \\     iiin'i- :    -in!a   :i-Ii.  ('ai''"'ti  ili-   nt    •»••    a, 

•  •  I 

'  ■^      -  .-   .-■:.?.    •!■•>    I' li?  "iiat'' :     la:  I)-  Jiatc   <•!'  r-n.la,    tMh-tn' 
.   »;ii  I-  r  <  ■  1.!. 

M  ,-ia:i-.    'T  1iv1;"i"Ii1<i:m<',    mii«1    i-    a     ruiiip-  iiimI    of 
•s   ,'   ;.    'I  :iiMl  •  I  l'>ni,r  :    iMnIt  r   oi  lii,i!'\    i':i<i,»i  -tara  i-,  it 
■     I    j.»-    ?i  i'i;'.\  a^-'ii'lMM  •  I'\   watt-r.  lait  at  a  i»n  <-*  .in- «■! 
•i '  1*11  'i-.|.':i'-i  -  i«  i-  I  iinilrnM-il  t't   I  •  <'I,.iir|i»r.  l.-piid.     I  lir 


aqueous  solution  is  the  muriiitic  acid  of  eonnnercH?,  and  is 
usually  contaminated  with  iron  and  other  impurities  j 
21'  of  Reaume's  hydrometer  =  1'170  8])eeifie  gravity. 

Cldoride  of  lime  (liypochlorite  of  lime,  oxychloride  of 
calcium)  is  the  well-known  bleaching-powiler.  It  is  a  mix- 
tiuv  of  hyjiocldorite  of  lime  and  chloride  of  ctdcium,  which 
are  soluble  in  water,  and  a  variable  excess  of  lime,  which 
remains  undissolve<l.  It  is  obtaint»d  by  exposhig  rcvently- 
slaked  lime  to  cldorine  gas,  which  is  readily  and  hirgely 
absorbed. 

Sulphate  of  PO<la  i.^  a  compound  of  sulphuric  acid  and 
soda  ;  it  is  mainifactuivd  in  considerable  quantitie.-t  at  the 
alliali  \\urk>,  as  the  first  stcj)  in  the  production  of  soda  from 
sea-^alt.  Ry  the  action  of  sulphuric  acid  (oil  of  vitriol)  on 
chloride  of  sodium  (connuon  or  sea-Halt),  muriatic  acid  is 
driven  olf  in  vapour,  and  an  impure  sulphate  of  soda 
remains:  tins  may  be  piu*ificd  by  solution  in  water  and 
crAstallizatiiin  thcix'from.  Fonnerlv,  the  muriatic  acid 
was  allowed  to  escajK',  and  very  hi^h  cliinnicys  were  built 
to  carry  the  destructive  fumes  hi;rh  into  th«»  atmo-phen» ; 
but  of  late  thev  have  bivn  condensed  by  conducting' 
them  into  chand)crs  containing  water,  which  absorbs  the 
pas;  an»l  in>tcatl  of  wasting  the  acid,  as  fonnerly,  it  is  now 
decomposed  into  its  conij)oncnts,  and  the  chlorine  em- 
ployed in  the  fonnation  of  hlcacliiiig-])Owder. 

Carbonate  of  soila  (connnon  washing-soda)  is  a  com- 
pound of  carbonii'  a<'id  and  soda,  and  is  tcnneil  sixla-ash, 
(TAstalli/aMl  >»)da,  &c.,  according  to  the  state  it  is  sold  in, 
c<innncrcinllv.  It  was  fonnerlv  obtainetl,  almost  exchi- 
sively,  from  sea-plants,  and  was  then  largely  im]»orted  into 
this  country  from  Sptiin  under  the  name  of  barilla;  but 
now  it  i>  obtained  from  salt,  and  f»)nns  an  important 
branch  of  manufacture  in  (Jrcat  Hritain.  Sulphate  of  soda, 
obtained  in  the  manner  dc-M-riluMl  above,  is  mixed  with 
coal-dust  and  chalk  or  Ihnestone  (carbonate  of  lime),  and 
juati'd  to  n  (III'*--  in  a  rcxcrKraton  funia.-c;  the  •*ulj)huric 
a'i«l  oltlu'  -wlpliatc  tif  .-<Hla  i-  di-i'i)n»po>«'il,  ainl  tin-  sulpliiir 
rr-i.ll  in-  t]i<  i-rfnon  unilcH  with  the  cal- lain  of  the  linu'- 
r.!.ii<i',  wlnl-t  1  la'  » 'ii'lx'nic  aciil  ]'.«-<-i .-  iV.-m  the  liiiic  to  the 
-«»'la.  'ri'«'  l'l.»«"k  ma--  i>  t\pn.-.-(l  t-)  the  action  <•!'  water, 
wi.i.'li  .li— <tl\e-  tlic  rarhonat;'  nf  -d.la,  and  the  .saturatctl 
-oliilinn  i- e\  i))«»:at(d  1«»  dr\  ne«>;  a  ei'ude  ."-oda-a-h  i"  tlnH 
nhtained.  whii'li  i-  |»urilied  lor  -^onie  purpo-<'H  |)\  re-ealei- 
n.i:i«»n  willi  en.il-ihi-t,  n*--'»hi' i"n.  ajid  n'-er\ -lalli/ation  ; 
liul    it   i-«   lilve»\iM'  laru'iK  e)i.p!.>\'d   in   the  <Tiiile  ^tate.  - 

W.    1).    1..    II     : 


«'tl- 


\\\'\      lli-'i"    I'.iia  nn:  VL  (tm-i  i:    M  vm  ^\(■^oK^■, 

.^.7/  '■'■/■;*  //»/',  lunr  Si-lifi>ililt  ,'ti  -  Manut'art  nil  r. 

I'd. I.'   et  [<.'.ii-.    t-in:dt).      Sp  •<ini' 11'  nf  \;ii'i<iM-    hhu' 
l-Mir-.      Sln".\i..u'  l-hie.      l^-e'iar  aial  \\a  iiiii:;  hhie. 

\'i..rt  -iiial'-.  /ailer-.  N  iikil.  nn '•.iii--,  w  il  h  eal<iiie«l 
nii-A- i.      Ni<-1.»  1  "'Xid.'.      >i-..  IvMth  iiU  raniarine. 

}i;i;         Si  ii::vMM  I5i:  'iiii  U-.  .V/'^s  k.i  llh'nt 

M.i;ii:t"i  1  ni-'  r-. 

1  >;■■  '-ii  ::--1ii-.-!i.  l"'»i'  line  Inii  n.  eiitti'ii.  r.nd  -iil*  war-e-; 
hi  IV?  it  -i.ir  'I,  I'l  t  hne  ipialit  i  -.  Inr  ta.-tii'it  -  :  I'-l''"  ""''""'h  ; 
.•1    .;.  d  an'i  jii-'^'.  n-.l  -t.iri-h. 

\\:\\   I'litii;..!:       Wheat,  nl"  the  Hr-t  «[tiaht'. . 

\{\1      KtM  iii>i  : .  I  iiJ.'-i'iii:,  .l//,'f/'.v      hiiji-rter  and 

.M.Miida'tnrer. 
\  .11  iii'i-  -  i;i'pli-  ol'   \\\\\  .annali  and  <  inaj.ajM.l  riiiar-. 

|i,S      I' .1 -1  \'  i: '..    \:;*«    Ti  u  i-n:!!  n.  ;'.n.,    /'"/*//>'/•./, 

,.■-  .',•    l.fi<-' '■'•., -f      M.inwfai  li.ri  r.       i  \i:i  nt    lor 

1."  !:  !■'!:.   Mi--r-.  M'--  »\   ('«>.) 

Siirii-le-'    MJ    ti.l..u'.  o,    »-nnil".    ai.d    ei:..ii-.      'I'e   t'«'i,ieen 

ii;d*  i- fhl.on.    I    Iroin    llie     I!  i-t     :iiid    W  . -1     Indie-    and 

\\  url«  inh«TL' 


1078 


PRUSSIA.— ELECTORAL  HESSE. 


469  JAeqeb,  Cabl,  Barmen — Manufacturer.    (Agent, 

M.  J.  G.  Belurendfl,  14  St.  Mary  Axe,  London.) 

Extract  of  safflower.    Two  bottles  of  safflower. 

The  extract  is  drawn  from  the  pigment  of  safflower,  and 
used  to  give  silk,  cotton,  linen,  paper,  and  artificial  flowers  a 
fine  rose  colour. 

470  Elhbkdobf,  E.  F.,  Isselhorst  near  Bielefeld^ 
Samples  of  flax  yam  and  raw  Ravensberg  sand-flax. 


471        Beckeb,  F.  a.,  Sapp,  &  Co.,  Fredehwrg — 

Manufacturers. 

Pieces  of  extraordinary  sized  amadou ;  best,  middle,  and 
common  qualities  of  yeUow  and  black  amadou. 

Caps  with  and  without  peak.  The  raw  materials  brought 
fromUlyria. 

[Amadou  is  prepared  from  a  fungus,  or  species  of 
mushroom,  the  Boletus  ignarius^  which  grows  on  the  old 
trunks  of  some  trees,  as  the  oak,  ash,  &c.  The  portion 
used  is  that  imdcrlying  the  outer  bark,  and  overlying 
the  ligneous  matter :  it  is  cut  into  thin  slices  and  beaten  ; 
then  boiled  in  a  strong  solution  of  nitre,  and  dried  and 
beaten,  and  once  more  boiled  in  the  nitre  solution.  Black 
amadou  is  impregnated  with  gunpowder.  The  fungus  is 
useful  in  surgery  for  stopping  hemorrhage. — W.D.L.R.] 


472        DiEPEBS,  J.  H.,  Crefeld — Manufacturer. 

A  machine,  with  forty  reels,  for  twisting  silk,  half  the 
usual  size. 


473  PiEPBNSTOCK  k  Co.,  Hoerde,  near  Dortmund 

— InTcntors  and  Manufacturers. 
A  tubular  axle,  with  two  disc  wheels  for  railroad  wag- 
gons. 

474  Ebdelen,  Chables,  Elbetfeld — Manufiicturer. 

"  Stays  "  for  weavers,  in  wool,  cotton,  and  silk.  These 
stays  are  made  of  cast  steel,  and  are  preferable  to  reeds 
on  account  of  their  effect  on  the  fabrics. 


475      Uhlhobn,  Cn.  &  Gebh.,  Chrevenbruch,  near 
2>i»*eWor/^— Manufacturer. 

Cards  for  combing  silk,  cotton,  wool,  and  tow.  Card 
sheets  for  main  cylinder ;  fancy.  Fillets ;  diamond  point ; 
oblique  points.  Rings.  Sheets  in  row  and  cross-row 
stitch.  Fillets;  needle  points.  Rings;  needle  points. 
Fillets  and  sheets,  diamond  points. 

The  leather  of  these  cards  is  obtained  chiefly  from  Bel- 
^um  and  Germany;  the  iron  wire  almost  exclusively  from 
England,  but  a  small  part  from  Franco  and  Germany. 


476    Uhlhobn,  Henby,  Orevenbruchy  near  Dusseldoff 
— Inventor  and  Manufacturer. 

Throe  engines  for  coining,  punching,  and  milling. 

A  coining-press  for  dollars. 

A  double-acting  punching  machine  for  dollars. 

A  fourfold-acting  miUing  machine  for  doUars. 

The  raw  materifds  from  England  and  Germany.  From 
45  to  50  coins  may  be  struck  in  a  minute  with  a  moving 
power  equal  to  that  of  one  horse. 


477         Spanoenbebo,  Saueb,  &  Stubm,  Suhl — 

Manufacturers. 

Finished  double-gim,  with  all  necessary  apparatus,  in 
case.  The  gun  has  bronzed  damask  barrels  and  percus- 
sion locks,  with  revolving  safety  stop,  silver  mountings ; 
the  ground  gilt;  the  iron  portion  engraved,  and  inmid 
with  hunting-scenes  on  gold;  the  barrels  are  also  orna- 
mented with  gold ;  the  stock  is  carved :  the  case  worked 
and  inlaid,  witli  a  peculiar  lock  and  silver-gilt  handle,  and 
bound  with  silver. 

Gk^rman  silver  ornaments  and  a  powder  flask  of  stag- 
horn,  in  stylo  of  the  middle  age,  witli  all  tho  usual  appur- 
(enanoes. 


478  SCHALLEB,  Caspab,  Suhl — Manufacturer. 

Rifle,  with  cast-steel  barrel,  iron  trimming ;  gold  hunt- 
ing piece,  engraved ;  with  iron  spring  hd ;  and  a  hunting 
scene  carved  on  the  stock.  It  is  loaded  at  the  stock,  and 
has  a  contrivance  for  pointed  bullets  {SpUz-kugeln),  A 
mould  for  pointed  bullets ;  screw-drivers,  with  piston-key 
on  one  piece;  brass  case  for  cuiridges;  key  for  the 
sights ;  loading-measure  of  white  copper ;  extra  nipple. 

479  SAxnEB,  F.  P.,  &  Son,  ^kW— Manufacturer. 

A  double-barrelled  gun  and  single  rifle.  A  single  rifle, 
ornamented  with  silver,  with  all  appurtenances,  in  case. 

480  SCHNITZLEB  &  KiBSCHBAUM,  SoUngen — Manufac- 

turers.   (Agent,  A.  Heintzmann,  17  Ironmonger 
Lane,  Cheapside.) 

A  large  collection  of  plain,  polished,  and  gilt  sword  and 
sabre  blades ;  infantry  and  cavalry  swords,  cutlasses,  and 
sabres;  officers*  highly-fimshcd  swords,  cutlasses,  and 
sabres,  with  Gterman  silver  and  gilt  mountings. 

481  PiSTOB,  G.  &  W.,  Schmalkalden^  Knrhessen — 

Manufacturers. 

Rifle  for  pointed  balls,  with  barrel  of  Gk;rman  cast  steel, 
complete. 

Double  guns,  with  Damascened  barrels,  patent  screws, 
fhie  cliain-Iocks,  &c. ;  and  with  welded  and  patent  barrels. 
Double  and  single-barrelled  rifles,  hunting  and  children's 
guns,  Swiss  and  needle  guns,  pistols,  &c. 

482  SxJESS,  W.,  Marburg  J  Electorate  of  Heese — 

Manuucturer. 
A  very  large  thermo-electric  battery,  with  an  electro- 
magnet, a  heating  apparatus,  for  producing  a  chemical 
reaction. 

[A  thermo-electric  battery  is  formed  by  soldering  toge- 
ther bars  of  two  dissimilar  metals,  for  instance,  antimony 
and  bismuth  alternately,  and  arranging  them  in  a  bundle, 
so  that  each  altemato  juncture  may  be  conveniently 
heated  whilst  the  other  is  cooled;  a  feeble  electric  cur- 
rent is  produced,  the  direction  of  which  is  from  the 
antimony  to  the  bismuth.  Such  an  apparatus,  in  con- 
junction with  a  galvanometer,  was  employed  by  Mclloni  in 
the  discovery  and  investigation  of  the  diathermatous  (trans- 
parency to  heat)  properties  of  bodies. — ^W.  D.  L.  R.] 

483  Seel,  H.,  jun.,  Elhetfeld — Manufacturer. 
Pharmaceutical  apparatus  and  chemical  utensils,  in- 
cluding weights  and  measures,  &c.,  of  various  sizes. 

484  Schb5dteb,  Emil,  Dmm^oi/— Manufacturer. 

A  silk-drying  and  weighing  machine,  and  a  machine  for 
accurately  ascertaining  the  weight  of  silk  in  bale«,  &c.,  by 
small  samples,  upon  the  Talabot  mtem.  This  machino 
has  a  balance  of  extreme  deUcacy  of  adjustment. 

A  six-inch  theodolite,  with  telescope  magnifying  30  dia- 
meters; tho  limb  is  divided  to  twentr  minutes,  and  sub- 
divided by  two  verniers  to  half  a  minute.  The  vertical 
cirele  is  divided  to  thirty  minutes,  and  is  read  by  one 
vernier. 

The  specimens  of  philosophical  instruments  exhibited 
will  be  likely  to  impress  every  visitor  with  the  firm  con- 
viction that  the  art  of  Frauenhofer  and  Reichenbach  are 
not  forgotten  in  G^ermany.  The  German  mathematical 
and  physical  instruments  are  in  use  everywhere,  and  Ger- 
man balances  are  extensively  used  in  English  laboratories. 
There  are  several  very  interesting  inventions  connected 
with  the  electro-magnetic  telegraph. 

485  Lampfebhoff,  J.  &  A.,  Essen, 

New  constructed  solo  clarionet.  Solo  flute.  Militaiy 
band  clarionet. 

[Solo  10  hero  used  in  contm-dutinction  to  **  militavy," 


PRUSSIA.— ELECTORAL  HESSE. 


1079 


there  being  peculiar  clarionets  and  flutes  used  in  concert 
for  martial  music.  The  "tolo**  clarionet,  so  called,  is 
always  used  in  canceH  for  regular  orchestral  music. — 
H.£.D.]  

4^    HnrxxsiBB,  Tiheodob,  Muntier — Manufacturer. 

and  luTcntor. 
A  patent  table  pianoforte,  of  peculiar  construction. 


487  Adam,  G-ibhabd,  Wesel  on  Shine — Manufacturer. 
(Agents  in  London,  Messrs.  Mess  &  Co.) 
Grand  pianoforte  on  Erard's  principle ;  oblique  piano- 


488     Wudsmafv,  PFEBDHsyoES,  k  Schmoeldeb, 

Beydt — Manufacturers, 
samples  of  cotton  spun  yam  and  twist. 


489  Cl5ppbb,  Hesbm AITK,  WeUentrup^  near  Oerling- 

hanten — Manufactiu-cr. 
Piece  of  linen,  made  of  hand-spun  yam,  cxliibited  for 
darabiKty,  &c.       

490  BoLTKT,  J.  W.  WiLHBLM,  &  SoN,  Euhrort — 

Manufacturers. 
Samj^es  of  woollen  dotlis  : — Black  doeskin,  satin,  drab 
'dn,  mixed  grey,  crossed-bar  buckskin,  doeskin,  and 
and  white  summer  buckskin. 


491 


BSAlTir  Bbothebs,  ITersfeld,  Jlesse — 
Manu&cturers. 

Pattern  of  a  large  carpet,  called  the  '*  Prussian  national 
carpet." 

Woollen  cloths — Light  blue ;  dark  green  ;  dark  blue ; 
doth  ;  and  black  cloth,  satin  de  laine. 


492     Teschevxachsb,  J.  £.,  &  KiTTENBUscn, 
W'erden'an-tke'Buhr—-MAnu£actwrcn. 

I>rBli,  mulbenj,  and  American  woollen  cloth,  with  and 
without  ^oss ;  tbe  raw  materials  from  Silesia. 


403  JofLAyyr  Abiioe,  W.  A.,  Hiickesicagen — 

Manufacturer. 
Various  pieces  of  mulberry,   green,  bronze,  and  black 
wooUen  ck>th.     Black,  green,  and  blue  c^arthmere  doth. 

404  Beeck  (Tax  deb),  John  Caspar,  Dusseldorf—  ' 

Manufacturer. 
An  as«ortment   of  square  shawls,   nil   woolltni ;    long 
sftawhi.     CVarats  (mufllcrs).     Woollen  goods  for  Ijidies' 
drt^N.*  and  rloakini^s.     Assorted   in  various   styles  and 
patterns ;  exliibited  for  quality  and  novelty. 

405  WiESE  Bkotiiebs,  Werden-on-Rhur — 

Manufartun»r8. 
Four  pieces    of    woollen   eloth,    manufactured    from 
Silnian  wool. 

40C  ScnuREMANN  &  Schroder,  Lemiep— 

Maiuifoetun^rs. 
Samples  of  black  cloth ;  the  same  twiUiKl ;  mulberrj-  and 
bluf  clotli,  dyed  in  the  w(k>1. 


497       Oelbebmann,  J.  D.,  Suns,  &  Co.,  Lrnnep — 

ManufueturiT!*. 
Sfierimcns  of  bla<'k  an<l  in  visible- «rroen  w(K>llen  cloths. 


4l»8      IIlLOEE  BROTIIEIJ3,  I^-nn&p,  mar  Dusseldorf 

— Manufnctiun'n*. 
Samples  of  bL-K-k   twille<l  line  cloths  :— Olive,  bluish- 
pnt-n,  and  dark-brown ;  oIItc,  dyed  in  the  wool ;  violi-t 
and  black. 

4'.«'.»  HUECK,  D.  k  \.,  Ilerdfcke  upon- Ruhr— 

ManufacturiTs. 

Various  specimens  of  woollen   cloth : — Dabliii,  blue, 
and  black. 


500        HuFFMAifN  Brothehs,  Werden-on-Ruhr — 

Manufacturers. 

Piece  of  fine  black  wooUen  cloth,  made  of  Silesian  wooL 


501  Moll,  Chhistl^n,  Hagen.    (Agent  in  London, 

Mr.  John  Henry  Colm,  3  Fenchurch  Buildings, 

Fenchurch  Street.) 
Samples  of  woollen  cloth,  black,  indigo  wool-dyed,  ma- 
rine blue,  and  mulberry. 

Baw  materials  from  Saxony  and  Silesia. 

502  Merten,  John  F.,  Urdenbach,  near  DUsseldorf 

— Manufacturer. 
Moltongs  and  flannels.  Striped  flannel,  blue,  lilac,  and 
green,  blue  and  dark  red,  brown,  green,  and  violet,  violet 
and  green,  dark  green  and  red,  brown  and  light  green. 
Striped  moltongs.  Made  from  German  wools  and  English 
cotton  yam. 

503  ScHNABEL  Brothers,  ITucketwagen  —  Manufac- 

turers.     (Agent,  Charles  Holland,  41  Finsbuiy 
Circus.) 
Various  specimens  of  blue  and  black  woollen  cloths. 

[Various  causes  have  combined  to  increase  the  pro- 
duction of  woollen  fabrics  in  the  ZoUverein  of  late  years. 
Among  these  must  be  especially  noticed  the  important 
improvements  and  extended  encouragement  that  have 
taken  place  in  the  rearing  of  sheep.  The  introduction  of 
improved  machinery,  engines,  and  processes,  dating  from 
the  setting  up  of  spinning  machines  within  the  ZoUveroin 
in  1817,  by  CockereU.  To  these  causes  must  be  added  the 
active  enterprise  that  has  been  awakened  in  quest  of  new 
markets  for  our  products,  even  in  the  remotest  regions  of 
the  globe. 

Tlie  plain  and  fancy  woollens,  cloakings,  merinos,  and 
Orleans  flannels,  of  the  German  ZoUverein,  maintain  a 
liigh  repute,  and,  as  well  as  its  silks,  velvets,  and  half- 
velvets,  ap{)ear  at  the  Exhibition  in  very  groat  variety.] 

504  ScHEiDT  Brothers  &  Co.,  Keii trig-on- Ruhr 

— M  anufacturers. 
Six  pieces  of  doeskin,  black,  miUtary  grej',  marengo, 
light  grey,  and  striiHid  woollen  cloth. 

505  ScHEiDT,  Joir.  WiLir.,  Keitirig-on-Ruhr. 
Si>ecinicns  of  black  satin  de  laine;  black  d(xn»kin    do 

laine ;  gn>y  satin  and  blue  do(?skin  de  kine  ; — aU  woollen. 

500       Clarenijacit,  J.  D.,  k  Son,  Ilukkeswagen. 

Samples  of  carded  woollen  yam. 

Pattenia  of  wooden  8cn»ws  with  flat,  round,  and  square 
heads.  The  sctcws  exhibited  for  the  cleanicss  and  sharp- 
ness of  the  worm,  or  thread. 


507  Fefloen  EROTirEHS,  Werden-on-Ruhr — Manu- 
facturer^. (Apjent,^V.IIeintzniann,  17  Ironmonger 
Lane,  Chwipsidc.) 

\Voollcn  cloth  : — Indi^'O  bhie  cloth,  dyed  in  the  wool ; 
mervcille  cloth;  and  black  cloth— f<jr  the  North  German 
markets. 

508  FoRSTiiANX  &  IIuFFMAXN,  WenlcHon-Ruhr 

— Mainiiact  urcr.**. 
llireo  j»ieces  of  woollen  clot  lis  ;  !)la<'k  and  grtvn. 


')(){)     DlEUfiARDT,  FuKHKUKK,  ll^rxsen^  near  CrtfM 

—  Manufa<*tim'r. 

Variou-*  spivimcns  of  black  ami  coIoure<l  velvet,  silk, 
and  silk  and  <'otton. 

Moleskin  (plush,  for  l)oy»'  caps);  ]>lush,  for  waistcoats; 
fi^ri'd  waij-tcHjat  velvet  ;  and  ^tanijK'd  N^aistcoat  velvet,  all 
silk  and  cotton. 

KibNins,  of  !)lack  and  coloured  velvet:  and  with  stri|x'S 
and  coloure<l  tnlgc:* ;  of  fancy  vcUct,  with  satin  striiH'S; 
and  fancy  for  hats,  all  silk.     Figureii  velvet  riliKms. 


lOfiO 


PRUSSIA.—ELECTORAL  HESSE. 


Fancy  velvet,  and  figured  velv^  with  satin,  stamped 
velvet,  and  black  figured  velvet  ribbons,  silk  and  cotton. 

Figured  velvet  ribbons,  silk  and  cotton,  with  white 
borders. 

Small  stamped  collars,  silk  and  cotton. 

Velvet  collars,  with  printed  satin  stripes,  all  sUk. 

Printed  velvet  collars ;  fancy  waistcoat  velvet,  with 
satin ;  and  terry  velvet,  and  silk  and  cotton. 

Terry  velvet  silk  plush  and  stamj^ed  velvet  &  jour,  for 
ladies'  bonnets,  silk  and  cotton. 

Brown  stamped  velvet  scarf,  silk  and  cotton. 

Green  stamped  velvet  scarf^  with  wliito  silk  hning,  all 
sUk. 

Black  satin  stu^T,  silk,  and  silk  and  cotton,  in  pieces. 


510      DuTN,  Hipp,  &  Co.,  Crefeld — Manufecturer. 
Silk  for  dresses  and  waistcoats. 
Patterns  of  silk  umbrella,  parasol,  and  dress  stufib. 


511         Stobk,  Petbr,  Cre/<?/rf — Manufacturer. 

Silk  goods  : — Coloured  and  black  silk.    Superior  satin. 
SUk  and  satin  cravats.    Shawls  and  waistcoats. 


512  Kbrkhofp  (Van  dee),  &  Kbeitz,  Crefeld — 

Manufacturers. 
Various  silk  stujSs  for  parasols. 

513  SiBBEL,  C.  W.,  &  Beinck,  Elhetfeld— 

Manufacturers. 
Patterns  of  cord,  gimp,  ribbons,  and  other  trimming. 

514  Simons,  Johann  (Heirs  of),  Elbeffeld — 

Manufacturers. 

Shawls  and  silk  wares.  Silk  shawls  and  scarfs.  Ladies* 
neckerchiefs.  Black  sarcenet  kerchiefs.  Silk  cravats ;  half 
silk  cravats ;  ladies'  cravats. 

Waistcoats.  SUk  handkerchiefs  (Gknnanweb),  (Indian 
web),  and  (imitation  web).  Silk  velvet,  and  silk  and  half- 
silk  stujSs.  

515  ScnsOEES,  G.  &  H.,  Crefeld — Manufacturers. 

SUk  and  velvet  waistcoats.  Fancy  sUk,  fancy  velvet, 
and  plain  velvet  waistcoating.  Exhibited  for  design  and 
quaUty.  

516  Rappaed  &  Co.,  Crefeld — ^Manufacturers. 
Assortment  of  sUk  cravats. 


517  Rappaed  &  GoESMAKN,  Crefeld — ManufiM^urers. 
Velvet  and  sUk  goods.  Jacquard  velvet ;  levant ;  carr^  j 

frapp6.     Jacquard  satin. 

518  Peltzeb,  Wilhelm,  Sen.,  Mheydt,  near  Crefeld 

— Manufact  urer. 
Velvet,  sUk,  and  half- silk  goods :   Samples  of  yelvet, 
satin,  waist<>oating,  and  satin  cravats. 

519  HoENiNOHAUS,  C.  W.,  &  Sojr,  Crefeld — 

Manufacturers. 
A  large  assortment  of  fancy  silk  and  velvet  ribbons. 

520  Heemes  Bbothees  &  Wolfpeb,  Crefeld — 

Manufacturers. 
Silk  wares :  silk  for  parasols ;  brocaded  satin ;  figimjd 
satin  ;  Jacquard  figured  satin  ;  Jacquard  satin.  Armures 
satiiu'e  ;  brillantines  cancllis ;  jaspe  brochc? ;  figiuH3 ;  tartan 
satin;  striped;  qimdrilh? ;  tartan  jaspe;  bnllantine  une 
cuit.  

521  HErowEiLLEB,  J.  v.,  &  Sons,  Crefeld — 

Manufacturers. 
An  assortment  of  ribbons,  silk,  and  sUk  and  cotton ; 
including  bUu'k  and  coloured  hat-bands,  black  and  coloured 
edgings,  and  worsted  braid. 

522  NExniArs,  H.  J.,  Cr^fW— Manufactiuw. 
An  assortment  of  coloured  and  printed  tUks. 


523      NEVlAlfDT  &  Pfleideeeb,  Methnanny  near 
Elherfeld — Manufocturers . 
Coloured  silk  aprons.     Black  and  colourwl  sUk  hand- 
kerchiefs for  gentlemen,  and  firinged  and  other  fancy  liand- 
kerchiefs  for  ladies. 


524  Jacobs  &  Bebino,  Crefeld — Manufacturers. 

SUk,  satin,  and  damask  umbrella  stuffs. 
SUk  parasol  stuffs. 
Specimens  of  taifcty. 

525  Kaibel,  John,  Crefeld — Manufacturer. 
Specimens  of  silk  and  satin  goods.     Six^cinieiis  of  black 

armiu-es,  printed  poult  de  soie  Ecossais,  and  figured  shot 
satin  de  Chine ;  and  armures. 

Striped  and  printed  gros  de  Naples ;  the  same  printed 
and  shot. 

Striped  and  printed  taflety. 

Satin  de  Chine  for  parasols,  with  printed  borders. 

Shot  satins  for  parasols,  with  figured  borders. 

526  Linoenbbink  AVennemakn,  Tlers^en — Manufac- 

turers.    (Agents  in  London,  Messrs.  Walter  and 
DeVos.) 
Specimens  of  black  and  coloured  velvet,  and  black  and 
coloured  velvet  ribbons. 


527  Kbauhaus  &  Kauebtz,  Crefeld  on  the  Rhine 

— Manufacturers. 

Specimens  of  satin  goods.  Fine  black  satin  and  cotton 
mixture ;  crimson,  and  blue ;  black. 

Satin  for  dresses  ;  fine  black  satin. 

Black  plain  and  fine  satin,  all  silk. 

The  plain  satins,  formerly  made  of  sUk,  have  of  late  been 
made  of  satin  mixed  with  cotton,  for  the  chi-ap  markets. 

528  Knttepfee  &  SxEiNnAUSEE,  Qreix  (Ifettss) — 'Ma- 

nufacturers.    (Agent  in  London,  Charles  Holland, 
41  Finsbury  Circus.) 
Specimens  of  Thibet,  French  blue,  satin  d'Espagne,  grey 
satin  berber,  and  satin  ray^  vert. 

529  Tee  Meee  &  Co.,  Crefeld — Manufacturers. 

An  assortment  of  sUks  for  dresses  and  waistcoats,  and 
various  silk  stufi's  for  parasols.  Twilled  silk  with  satin 
stripes  for  umbrellas. 

Various  sorts  of  black  and  twiUed  tafiTety. 

530  Menohtus  Bbothees,  Tlerssen^  near  Crefeld 

— Manu&cturers. 

Various  specimens  of  smooth  and  pressed  silk  and  terry 
velvet,  of  different  colours,  and  moleskin  and  stamped 
velvet. 

Difi'erent  ooloured  silk  ribbons. 


531  LrMM,  J.  W.,  k  Rxtettbw,  Von,  Crefeld — 

Manufacturers. 
Silk  goods  and  fancy  Scotch  stufi*s  of  various  descrip- 
tions.   

532  Moe&enboth  &  KEUOiCAinr,  Elbeffeld — 

Manufactiu*er8. 
Various  specimens  of  velom^  d' Utrecht,  half  wooUep 
and  coloured  velvets,  including  purple,  royal  blue,  claret, 
green,  crimson,  embossed  cerise,  and  violet  for  furniture, 
carriage  linings,  roleaux,  &c. 


533        Gbeep,  Fe.  Wm.,  Vier»sen — Manufacturer. 

Silk  for  umbrellas  and  parasols. 

Patterns  of  sUk  and  sUk  velvet  and  satin,  for  dresses 
and  waistcoats. 

An  assortment  of  cravats.    SUk  plush  for  hats  and  caps. 


534       Scheibleb  &  Co.,  Crefeld — Manufacturers. 

Watered  sUk,  £uicy  velvety  and  terry  velvet  ribbons ; 
plain  and  narrow  £uicy  ribbons,  firinged ;   pressed  velvet 


PIIUSSIA.—ELECTORAL  HESSE. 


lOSl 


;  fancy  Telret  ribbons.  Smooth  Telvet  and  velTot 
ribbons. 

Silk  Tebrct,  plun  and  stampctl ;  plain  terry  «ilk  Tclvet. 

Black  silk  plusli  for  hats ;  coloured  plush  for  caps. 

Watered  suk,  with  satin  Htripes. 

8rriped  and  glazed  silk  for  ladies'  dresses. 

Tatletv  of  rarious  colours,  sarcenet  for  lining ;  red  and 
hlai-k  atias. 

Black  silk  for  waistcoats. 


.=W;.j  Bbuck,  n.  vox,  &  SoNa,  Crefeld — Manufacturers. 

Fine  black  and  coloured  ribbon  velvets,  all  silk. 

A  variety  of  fancy  and  fi^ired  silk  rib!x)n  velvets,  for 
bonuftii,  nerk-ties,  trimmings,  and  other  purposes. 

Plain  silk  broad  velvets. 

FAni.'y  silk  velvet  vestingB. 

5:ltj  BovEXSCHES,  H.,  &  Co.,  C'/v/^W— Manufacturers. 

An  assortment  of  glace  silk  used  for  ladies*  dresses ; 
nhibited  for  colour,  design,  and  qimlity. 

537       Oebuch  &  Gbeiff,  i^/A^-r/eW— Producers. 

Span-silk  buttons  of  various  quaUties. 

Figuzvd  velvet ;  satin  corded ;  double  warp ;  and  Eng- 
firh  corded. 

The  stuff  buttons  woven  of  sewing  silk  and  organziiie, 
and  seamed  all  over  the  button-moulib. 


JVJ8         Grote,  II.  G.,  RoMdorf,  near  Elherfeld— 

Manufacturer. 
Black  and  dark  blue  silk  ribbons.     Silk  and  cotton  liat- 
hamls,  and  bindings  for  shoes,  ladies'  cloaks,  aprons,  and 


Linen  and  woollen  coat-bindings.    Cotton  tapes. 
Braids  of  silk,  mohair,  wool,  and  cotton  (white). 
Cords  and  tasseb  of  sUk,  sUk  and  cotton,  mohair,  and 
woiiL  

.V^O  Bbockmaxx,  FBiKDBicn,  Wellentnip^  near  Oer- 
liagkawten,  Lippe  Delmold — Manuiacturer. 
Piece  of  grey  hnen.  Tliis  linen  is  matle  of  hand-spun 
ram,  woven  bv  hand,  and  is  oxhihited  for  dunibilitv.  it  is 
tiia*U*  by  liand  wcavi'rs,  and  bought  from  tlu'ui  at  Oerliiig- 
L:iJi.-*-n  bv  tljo  nii'rehaiits,  and  aft<T  being  bleached  ls 
t\jv>rteil  to  nhnopt  all  parts  of  the  world. 

.".4»»     Veliiagen,  W.  U.,  7:?<V/^/(7<7— Manufacturers. 

S;ini|»l»"^    of    blearhed   linen  and    ^^llitl'   liucn   jwckct- 
l.iiiiiikfnhiefs,  made  from  hand-spun  }ani. 

.'■4  1    MCI.I.FK,  Jon.  (f I3B.,  Marf^  iwar  liccklhighavsen — 

Maimf:i<-tiirer. 
Woven  linen  damask  tablr-clolhs,  with  damask  table- 
rrtpkiii-,  witli  theann**  of  Coiiiit  Wotcrhohl,  IJanui  AVolf 
M«  Ttt-niirh,  <juartrre<l  with  thos*'  of  C'(iiint  llompesch: 
■iiiii  I'f  the  Haron  ni  lii»>*ela^'cr,  (juartered  with  those  of 
iSan.'ii  Wolf  Metteniicirs. 


.'.4*J         Wr«-EL,  F.  W.,  Sjifiiffp^  near  BUhfeld — 

Manufa<tun.T. 
Sj^'s-iinrn-  of  raw  and  blearhcd  linen  and  luindkorchiofs, 
•  .jii\-  ".'f  hand-s)iiin  \Vr«.tj>halian  Max. 


7A\     WE?Tri:M  \nn,  A.  11., A  ('«>.,  IVnUp  hi  and  Cidnqup— 
Mainifactun-n-.    (Airrnt  in  I.onddn,  Mr.  1*.  Ani'^cl, 
li«»  IVmirli-nci'  Kow,  Fin-hur\  S.juan*.) 
V!iri«>ii'-  -ampU"*  of  whitr  hh-aclKMl  lini-n,  manufacl  iin'd 

fr'-'M    tl.'ix,    Kpun    by    hand,   \\t»vrn    <»n    liand-hxMus,    an<l 

litvi -lifii  nn  L'n»-s. 


.'•4  \     AVemkumaxn,  a.  U.  ( '.  &  Sons,  Tlithftld— 

Manufactinvrs. 

Simple-  of  blen''h(>(i  and  nnv  hncn.  lllearhrd  eumbrir 
>.  if.Mk«ri'hii'ts.  I)ania.-k  tahh-rlot lis  with  napkins  ;  driU- 
.T  2  and  blrai'hed  table-eloth.    Damask  and  drilling  towel.-. 

Rnw  find  white  table-eloth'*  and  nH])kins,  with  the  mynl 


arms   of  Wurtemburg ;    of  Mecklenburg   Schwerin ;    of 
llanover ;  and  of  Nassau. 
Bleached  damask  table-cloth. 


545     ScHWEMANN,  O.,  St.,  &  Soxs,  Lippstadt — Manu- 
facturers.     (Agent,  W.  Mevcrstcin,  16  Watling 
Street,  City.) 
A'arious  samples  of  twine,  hand-spun.     Exliibited  for 

cheapness  and  quality. 


54G  The  SriNXixo  ^viiooj^  Jleepen^  near  Bielefeld — 

Manufacturers. 
Samples  of  flax  yam,  spun  by  hand. 


547  DoEBEL,  IIeinhich  Julius,  Ualle  on  the  Saale — 

jManufacturer. 
Bell-ropes  and  ladies'  pockets  of  New  Zealand  hemp. 
Pressing  cloth  without  seam,  u.sed  in  sugar  manufactories. 
The  raw  macliine  yam  is  from  Leeds. 


548  Delius  &  Sons,  E .  A .,  Biehfeld — Manufactiuvr. 
An  as.«»ortment  of  hand-spun  bleached  linen  and  hncn 

handkerchiefs.  Exhibited  for  the  quality  of  the  flax, 
the  workmanship,  and  the  result  of  the  process  of  bleach- 
ing-   

549  EiCKnoLT,  Antony  (lleirs  of),  Warendorf— 

Manufacturers. 

Various  bleached  hnen  table-cloths,  napkins,  and  pieces 
of  linen. 

Brown  and  white  hnen,  damask  table-cloths  and  napkins, 
with  wreaths  of  flowers,  view  of  Stolzenfels,  a  himting 
scene,  and  a  table-cover  of  silk  with  views  of  AValter 
Scott's  monument,  the  cathedral  of  Cologne,  Stolzenfels, 
&c.     Napkins  with  the  coats  of  arms  of  seyeral  famihes. 


550    LANDWEiinM-\NN,  Brothers,  Joellenbeck,  near 
Bielefeld — Manufact  urers. 
Specimens  of  bleached  and  raw  linen,  made  of  hand- 
spun  West  phalian  flax,  exhibited  for  durability  and  quality. 


551     Ollerdtpsen,  Peter,  rrrenirvp,  near  Bielefeld 

— Produ(»er. 

Samples  of  Bielefeld  gray  and  yellow,  and  cambric  flax. 


552  Kor.yins  &  PrrcKi.ERs,  Dlilh-n,  near  Dusxeldorf 

— Manufact  uivrs. 

Flax,  thread,  cord,  stavi's  for  weavers,  and  specimens 
f>f  vami^luHl  oil-cloths  for  eoverinjj  railway  carriages. 
Sani]>les  of  Gennan  flax. 

Linen  thread  for  weavers'  leashes.  Linen  cord  for 
Jar(|uard  ma«'hines, 

P«v<l  >laves  for  col  ton  and  f'ilk.     Patterns  for  pa|>er 
and  imitali(Mi  of  oil-cloth. 

Steel  wire  for  weavir's  reeds. 


55:»  KiSKER,  WlI.irELM,  Jlullf,  mar  Biflfftld^ 

Manufact  un^r. 

J^am]>l«'S  of  sail-cloth.      Haw  materials,  both  warp  and 
web,  i»f  WextjOialia.     Spun  hemp. 


5.''>4  II*>i:HKI.N!i«,  IT.,  Li'hlmkf,  near  Mind*, I  — 

Manufacturer. 
Samj»les  of  twine  and  c(»nl  for  packing. 


555      HriD^HK,  L.  Arr..,  /?/V/<'/; A/  — Manufact luvr. 

Specimens  of  l)lcael»cd   linen,  and   handkcr»-hicf«*,  made 
of  hand-spun  yam,  and  exhibited  for  fabri'-anil  durability. 


550    Kkoexig  Fried.,  W  I  lhf;t.ai,  iV  Sons,  Bit  h fid 

—  Manufacturers. 

Samples  of  n»w  linen,  of  !M>«>t  hand-s]»un  flax  yam. 


1082 


PRUSSIA.— ELECTORAL  HESSE. 


557  Meyisseit,  Gebhabd,  D&Ucen,  near  Dutseldotf 

— Manufiicturer. 

Thread  and  raw  flax.  White  thread  for  embroidering. 
Patent  white  thread;  black  thread.  Glazed  black  thread. 
Balls  of  crochet  thrcMuL 

The  threads  are  made  of  G^erman  and  English  machine- 
spun  and  G^erman  hand-spun  yams.  The  flax  is  grown 
in  the  Rhine  ProYince,  county  of  Dusseldor^  and  Aix-la- 
Chapelle. 

558  ScHNELLE,  J.  H.  &  Sons,  Bielefeld — 

Manufacturers. 

Specimens  of  fine  white  linen  jam,  made  of  the  best 
Gherman  flax,  spun  by  hand ;  exhibited  for  strength  and 
durabihty. 

Samples  of  threads  of  warp. 

[The  exports  of  linen  productions  from  the  ZoUvercin 
exceeded  the  importations,  in  1842,  by  a  quantity  equiva- 
lent in  Talue  to  14  millions  of  thalers,  those  of  cotton 
productions  by  13  millions  of  thalers,  of  silk  and  half-silk 
goods  by  6  millions  and  a  half  of  thalers. 

But  since  the  aboTc-named  period  a  gradual  decrease 
has  been  observed  in  the  exports  of  linens,  accompanied 
by  an  increase  in  those  of  manu&ctured  fifibrics.] 

559  Bbttengbb,  Albebt,  Joellenheck^  near  Bielefeld 

— ManufiMJturer. 
Samples  of  bleached  linen.    Raw  materials,  hand-spun 
Westpnidian  flax.    Linen,  exhibited  for  fineness,  fetbric, 
and  durability. 


560    Delits,  John  Daniel,  Bielefeld — Manufacturer. 

Samples  of  bleached  linen  and  linen  kerchiefs,  spun  by 
hand  and  machine. 


561  Blaneenbubo,  Fbiedbich,  &  Co.,  lAppHadt — 

Manufacturer. 

Samples  of  twine  and  cord  of  various  threads. 

Raw  materials :  hemp  from  the  neighbourhood  of  Lipp- 
stadt  and  Italy.  The  hemp  imported  from  Italy  is  softer 
and  of  a  lighter  colour,  but  not  stronger  than  the  Gterman. 

562  BOLENITTB  k  "NovTEj  Bielefeld — Manu&cturers. 
(Agents,  Richards  &  Co.,  45  Bread  Street,  City.) 

Samples  of  linen  yam,  bleached  linen,  and  bleached 
linen  drill;  cambric  lawn,  bleached  and  printed;  linen 
pocket  handkerchief. 

563  Gante,  C.  F.,  &  Sons,  Bielefeld — Manufacturers. 
Specimens  of  bleached  linen,  all  home-woven,  and  made 

of  hand-spun  flax. 

564  Tbappmann  &  Spitz,  Barmen — ^Manufacturers. 
Specimens  of  stuff  buttons.     Gimped  buttons,  manu- 
factured partly  of  twisted  silk  and  trams,  which  are 
received  from  Italy  and  the  East  Indies,  and  partly  of  a 
mixture  of  silk,  wool,  and  cotton. 


565 


WOblping  &  WiNDBATH,  Elbetfeld — 
Manufacturers. 
Various  sorts  of  cotton  tapes,  ribbons,  cords,  and  cotton 
and  worsted  laces. 


566  ZOLLMANN  &  Steioebthal,  LeichUngen^  near 

Opladen — Manufkcturers. 

Cotton  and  half-cotton  and  woollen  goods,  including 
Jacquard  and  Berlin  dresses ;  the  materials  of  these 
dresses  are  wool  and  English  twist. 

Jacquard  dresses,  produced  of  wool  and  English  twist ; 
the  Jacquard  Berlin  dresses  are  entirely  of  cotton. 

567  IIaabhaus,  J.  C,  and  Sons,  Elbetfeld-^ 

Manufacturers. 
Samples  of  shawls  and  stuffs  for  ladies*  dresses,  of  sUk, 
wool,  silk  and  cotton,  silk  and  wool,  wool  and  cotton,  and 
cotton. 


568   Plueckeb,  Mobitz,  M.  Oladlach — ^Manufacturer. 
Shawls  of  wool  and  silk ;  and  of  wool  and  cotton. 


569     Webeb  k  Metzoes,  Oladbach — ^Manu£eu;turer8. 

Specimens  of  pique  waistcoating  and  waistcoating  in 
wool  and  cotton.  Raw  materials  for  pique,  from  Engird  ; 
the  other  stuflk  consist  of  flne  wool  and  silk. 


570 


'Weyebbusch,  C.,'&  Co.,  Elherfeld — 
Manufacturers. 
An  assortment  of  silk  and  woollen  stuffs  for  buttons, 
and  covered  buttons  for  various  purposes. 


571  Engelmann,  Chb.,  &  Son,  Crefeld — Manufacturers. 
A  variety  of  shawls,  and  black  silk  for  dresses  and 

parasobi.    ^  __; 

572  FUNKE,  J.  H.,  BOEDDINOHAUS,  &  Co.,  Elhetfeld 

— Manufacturers. 
Silk  and  half-silk  goods  : — ^Romals  ik  frangee.  Cravat 
with  brocaded  striped  tie.  Ghneek  slips.  Crav.  Anglaises. 
Summer  cravats,  and  other  varieties.  Taffetas  k  Co.  B. 
Russes.  Gros  grains,  crois^  glacis,  damiers  glac^. 
Fran^aises.  AthM  jacquards.  Taffetas.  Arabic  aprons. 
Shawls: — Satin  shawls,  Jardinieres,  damass^  noirs,  glac^, 
noirs.  Esmeralda.  Arabes  glac^.  Corahs.  Fancy  waist- 
coatings.    Jet  black  satin. 


573  PPEBDMENGES  &  Kleinjxtng,  Vierssen — 

Manufiu^turers. 
Stuffs  for  trousers  and  waistcoats.  Various  specimens 
of  fancy  cashmeres,  dark  and  light.  Satin  checks.  Plain, 
striped,  and  twilled  and  checked  satin.  Buckskin,  wool 
and  cotton.  Stuff  for  trousers,  linen  and  wool,  and  wool 
and  cotton.  ^^ 

574  PPEBDMENGES  Bbothebs,  Gladbach— 

Manufacturers. 
Silk  and  half-silk  and  cotton  goods.    Specimens  of  cas- 
sinets,  elastiques,  satin  turk,  and  figure,  Madras  uni. 
Lutestring  watered  and  striped,  and  gros  de  Berlin. 


575         Hbtmann,  Chables,  and  Co.,  Crefeld — 

Manufacturers. 
An  assortment  of  fancy  waistcoatings  and  fimcy  silk 
handkerchiefs  and  cravats. 


576  Langenbeck  &  Mabtini,  Elbetfeld — 

Manufacturers. 
(Agent,  W.  Meyerstein,  11  Watling  Street,  City.) 
Specimens  of  buttons  and  braces  of  silk  and  lasting. 

577  Kbtthaus,  Ludwig,  Betterath^  near  Oladhath 

— Manufacturer. 
Cotton,  and  slUc  and  cotton  goods.    Samples  of  ootton 
waistcoatings ;  dimity ;  silk ;  and  ootton  and  silk. 


578       Klein-Sohlattbb,  Chas.  Fbedkbice,  Barmen 
— ManufiMJturer.     (Agents  in  London,  Messrs. 
F.  Huth  &  Co.) 
Cotton,  and  cotton  and  wool  shawls. 


579  Lambebts,  M.  &  Mat,  M,  Oladbach — 

Manufiicturers. 
Specimens  of  cotton  beaver  and  drill ;  cotton  and  wool 
cassmet.    Cheap,  and  adapted  for  the  working  daases. 

580  RiTBKANN  &  Meckel,  Elbetfeld — 

Manu&cturers. 

Various  shawls,  waistcoatings,  and  ladies*  dresses ;  in- 
cluding shawls,  cotton ;  cotton  and  worsted,  silk,  worsted, 
woollen,  and  ootton  and  woollen. 

Waistcoating  of  cotton  and  silk ;  ladies'  dresses  of 
cotton  and  silk. 


PRUSSIA.- ELECTORAL  HESSE. 


1083 


581  Mengbn,  CnBiSTiAy,  Vierssen — Manufacturer. 
Samples  of  yelvet  and  half-woollen  stripes.     Canvas 

for  embroideiy ;   silk  and  woollen. 

Fomiture  and  carriage  covering ;  horse-hair  stuffs  for 
the  lame,  and  petticoats. 

582  HxTZB  &  Enoelm ANN,  Crefeld — Manu&cturers. 
Silk  scarfs  and  aprons,  including  satin  checked,  watered 

^i^cked,  and  taffetas.  Aprons,  &ney  watered,  in  fine 
bljM^  s^in,  and  in  green,  violet,  royal  blue,  brown,  dahlia, 
ahot,  &c.  Made  in  various  quaUties  and  different  sizes, 
from  Italian  silk. 


583     Kbitzeb   &  Bbabant,   Vierssen^  near  Crd^eld — 
ManufiMsturers.    (Agent  in  London,  Mr.  George 
Ems,  28  Swan  Chambers,  Gresham  Street.) 
Stuflli  made  from  silk,  cotton,  and  linen,   including 

anion  poplins,  Turkish  poplins,  Persian  handkerchiefs, 

plain  and  fringed,  &c 


584  LCHDOBFF,  J.,  k  Co.,  Elbeffeld — Manufrcturers. 

Shawls,  siufis,  and  waistcoating.  Llama  wool  shawls. 
Unions,  with  silk  and  barege ;  half-wooUen  cloaking  ; 
waistooat  stuff;  half  woollen,  and  with  silk.  The  half 
vooDen  articles  are  made  from  double  warps. 

Tink^-red  and  rose-coloured  twist ;  i^  water  twist. 
Tama  en  various  colours  and  fineness,  spun  in  England, 
and  djed  bj  the  exhibitors. 


585  ScHitiTS  &  HoLTHAUS,  Elbeifeld — Manufacturers. 

(Agent,  Messrs.  Gt)bhardt,  Bottmann  k  Co.,  29 

Wood  Street,  Cheapsidc.) 
Stnl^  in  divers  colours,  for  coverings  of  tables,  coaches, 
ftmiiture,  &c.    SUk  and  linen  damask. 


586  BocnrOBHL,  Petbb  E.,  JE7*«r/'<?W— Manufacturer. 
Vanous  specimens  of  silk  and  cotton  neckcloths,  ladies* 
ahawla,  barges,  frncy  plaids,  and  Waistcoating. 


587  FuNKE,  Robert,  M.  Oladhach  —  Manufacturer. 
(Agents  in  London,  Cooijer  &  Blagg,  4-1!  Friday 
Stiwt.) 

Cotton,  cotton  and  silk,  wool,  and  linen  goods  used  for 
ladies*  dresses. 

Samples  of  Victorias,  Cliina  crape,  and  toile  du  nord,  all 
co4ton  and  wool. 

Pocket  handkerchiefs,  cotton  and  silk.  Diamond  cotton, 
drmi-lin,  cotton  and  linen ;  Germania  and  soie,  cotton 
and  silk. 

Gloria,  silk  and  wool.  China  cotton;  cotton  and  wool ; 
aalk  and  cotton ;  and  silk  and  wool. 


588     LoBEKTZ,  Fbiedeich,  Oladbach — Manufacturer. 

Half* wool  and  cotton  wares,  consisting  of  half- woollen 
eWtic,  cabinet,  anil  buckskin,  and  waistcoat  pieces.  The 
half-cottons,  fxlubite<l  for  clu'apncss  and  design ;  the 
waittcoats,  for  chcapnetss  and  durability. 


589     Schmidt  k  Co.,  Barmen — Manufacturers.  (Agents 
in  London,  Messrs.  Graetzer&JIermann,  9  Iluggin 
I.Ane,  "Wood  Street.) 
Silk  bands,  and  silk  and  wool  laces  and  cords. 


500     Gbeeff,  Bredt,  k  Co.,  Barmen — Manufactimrs. 

Silk,  mohair,  and  gambroon  buttons  and  button-stuff. 

Specimens  of  plain  and  fancy  silk  buttons ;  sj^ecimens 
of  fiufls  for  covering  buttons. 


'»01     Okafe  k  Neviandt,  Elberfehl — Manufacturers. 
Vahuua  specimens  of  cadlmiere  waistcoating. 


592  Gbafp,  Philipp,  Siegen — Producer. 

Samples  of  cobalt  ore  and  cobalt  blue,  from  Philipp 
Hoffiiung,  near  Siegen. 

Bright  white  cobalt  (cobalt  glance),  crystallized  in 
microscopical  forms,  and  dif^ised  in  slate,  greywacke, 
quartz.     The  crystals  contain  : — 


Cobalt 
Sulphur 
Arsenic 
Iron     . 


29-77 

1910 

44-75 

6-38 


A  large  number  of  smalt  factories  obtain  their  finest 
colours  from  this  ore.  The  first  quaUtv  produces  29  per 
cent,  of  oxide  of  cobalt,  and  the  second  22. 

[The  colouring  matter  of  intense  blue,  used  in  the  arts 
under  the  name  of  smalts,  and  producing  cobalt  blue, 
Thenard*s  blue,  and  other  pigments,  invaluable  in  all 
colouring  which  has  to  stand  the  action  of  fire,  is  obtained 
from  an  impure  oxide  {2^ffre)  derived  from  some  ores  of 
cobalt,  of  which  that  called  tin-white,  or  grey  cobalt,  cobalt 
glance,  cobaltine,  &c.,  is  the  principle.  This  ore  is  an 
arsenio-sulphuret  (Co  As'  +  Co  S*),  and  is  remarkable  for 
the  extremely  perfect  and  beautifrd  crystals  in  which  it  is 
often  found,  and  which  in  some  respects  resemble  iron 
pyrites.  The  principal  locaUties  of  the  mineral  are 
Tunaberg,  in  Sweden,  and  some  localities  in  G^ermany. 
It  occurs  also  in  Connecticut,  North  America. — D.  T.  A.] 


693     SCHITLZ,  Chables,  Egsen — Inventor,  Manufiscturer, 
and  Importer.     (Agents  in  London,  Messrs.  S. 
Cahn  k  Co.,  3  Copthall  Chambers,  Copthall  Court, 
City.) 
Tarnished  leather  for  caps,  shoes,  and  hats. 
Walking-sticks  and  swoixl-canes  of  whalebone.    Manilla 
dragon-canes;    Malacca  canes;    and   oonunon   walking- 
sticks. 

594      BEnraKE,   C,  HoTHy  lAppe — Inventor  and 

Manufacturer. 
Side-saddle,  with  arms,   and   two   elastic  stirrups,    to 
allow  the  rider  to  move  and  turn  about  with  ease.     An 
umbrella  belonging  to  it. 


595  Klems,  Johann  BEE:ynARD,  2>mm<?Wo//— Manu- 

factupcr.      (Agent  in  London,    Mr.   i>.  Klein, 

38  Finsbiuy  Square.) 
A  grand  piano,  after  Erard's  Paris  model ;  this  adapta- 
tion of  that  principle  is  stated  to  require  less  strength  in 
j)crfonnance,  an  additional  iron  spreading  bar  being  placed 
above  the  strings  in  the  lower  base,  to  give  a  greater  counter 
pressure. 

596  Ffdikar,  Hebrmanx,  Elberfehl — Manufacturer. 
Horse-hair,  with  silk  and  cotton  for  upholstery. 
Divers  sorts  of  horse-hair  upholstery. 

Coverings  of  liorw'-hair,  black  and  white ;  red ;  bbu*k, 
with  blue  silk;  side-part  hair  and  red  silk,;  and  wliito 
and  blue. 

Chair-cover,  white  horse-hair  with  red  silk ;  red  and 
yellow  silk. 

Yclours  d'Utrecht ;  the  same,  strii>cd. 


597  RuHL,  Peter,  k  Sox,  i/<-.w<'-Ca,t*eZ— Manufacturers. 

An  assortment  of  pasteboard  boxes. 

A  smc9  of  embossed   envelopes ;    a  series   of  printed 
envelopes. 

Patterns  of  coloure<l  paper. 


508  IIoDDicK,  William,  Lanfjenlerg. 

Specimens  of  dye<l  jet-black  silk,  exhibited  for  bright- 
nos!«,  purity,  and  colour. 


[OfUCIAL  IlIVtlXAIKD  CATAlOOrE.] 


4  I 


1084 


PRUSSIA.— ELECTORAL  HESSE. 


599  Wbsthoff  Bbothebs,  Dusseldoff—ManvSnctuien. 
Specimens  of  printed  calicoes.    The  raw  materials  are 

from  England ;  24  warps  and  28  wefts  are  used ;  the 
madders  from  Holland :  exhibited  for  cheapness  and  dura- 
bility. _^_^______ 

600  Wolff,  Johakn  Friedsich,  Hlbetfeld — 

Manufacturer. 
Samples  of  Turkey-red  cotton  yam. 

601  Tbost,  C.  &  F.,  LotUsetUhal,  MiUheim  on  the 

12i(Ar— Manufacturers. 
Specimens  of  printed  calico  of  various  patterns  on  a  red 
and  indif  o  ground.     Manu&ctured  from  English  yarn, 
on  hand-looms  in  Westnhalia,  but  printed  and  finisliedin 
LouisenthaL    Exhibitea  for  durability  and  colour. 

602  Tubkbt-Bed  DYEma  CoMPAirr,  Hageu,  near  El- 

beffeld — Importers  and  Manu&ctmrers.    (Agent 
in  London,  Mr.  John  Henry  Oohn«  3  Eenchurch 
Buildings,  Fenohuroh  Street.) 
Various  samples  of  Turkey-red  cotton  yams,  of  difibrent 
sorts  and  shades  from  light  to  dark. 
Printed  calicoes  in  various  colours. 
Baw  materials,  as  warps  and  oops  for  the  cottons, 
chiefly  from  England. 

603  Keuhoff,  Johk  Heitbt,  Elheffeld — ^Dyer. 

Turkey-red  yams,  induding  double  extra,  medium,  and 
mule,  best  dye  twist. 

Gt>od  water  and  mule  middle  pink. 

The  yams  are  spun  partly  in  England  and  partly  in 
G^ermany. 

604  Lambbbtb,  Ajstosy  OHSiBTUif's  SoK,  M.  Olad- 

hitch — Manu&cturers. 
Specimens  of  brown  cotton  Kalmuck;  black,  green, 
buckskin,  and  mixture,  Kalmuck. 
Brown,  black,  and  variegated  beaver.   Pressed  beaver. 


605  Lupp  &  Sons,  Dntteldotf—lm'gcfii/Bn  and 

Manu&cturers. 

Printed  calico  and  coloured  woven  calico  goods.  Indigo 
dye;  calico  shot;  calico  ribs;  calico  with  sa^;  chequered 
calico. 

NapoUtaine,  with  wool;  furniture,  cotton,  pi^4  <^d 
dimity;  kerchiefii;  plaids;  printed  kerchiefr  and  slips; 
printed  calicoes. 

The  raw  materials  are  from  England  and  Germany ;  the 
cottons  printed  by  machinery,  the  other  articles  are  woven 
and  worxed  by  hand. 

606  BooxhOshl  Bbothebs,  Schlispsb  &  EEsoksb, 

Slhetfeld — Manufacturers. 
Patterns  of  printed  calicoes,  various  colours,  including 
rose,  lilac,  green,  blue,  orange,  garandne^  black,  and  white. 

607  Bbikok,  J.  W.,  G^^A^iocA^—Manufrtcturer. 
Coloured  cotton  yams.    Turkey-red,  of  various  shades. 

The  raw  material  for  spinning  from  England. 


608 


SOHOELLBB,  AuGh.  &  Febd.,  Elheffeld — 
Manufacturers. 
Various  samples  of  Turkey-red  yam.  Specimen  to  show 
the  process  of  ayeing  in  its  various  stages. 

609  Croon  Bbothebs,  GZoci&acV-Manu&cturerB. 
Specimens  of  cotton  beavers ;  specimens  of  printed  cal- 

muo,  beaverteen,  cassinet,  cotton  and  wool,  and  buckskin. 

610  Cbamsb,  L.  &  G.,  Diwftf^dcw/— Manufacturers. 
Printed  cottons  and  stuffs. 

GKnffham  and  twilled  union. 
Twified  nankeen. 

Furniture  stuffs  of  vmous  colours,  induding  blue,  red, 
lilac,  and  white. 


611  Sabtobittb,  a.,  &  Co.,  Dew^eZefof^^-^Manufacturers. 

Samples  of  rose,  fancy-coloured,  and  Turkey-rod  yam, 
for  the  Indian  market. 


612  DiECJEMAiw,  W.  &  C,  J&/^«r/i?W— Manufacturers. 

Woven  goods : — Portraits  of  the  King  and  Queen  of 
Prussia,  woven  in  silk,  in  gilt  frames,  of  various  sizes. 

Embroidered  waistcoats,  woven  in  wool,  cotton,  and 
silk ;  the  same,  Katal  web,  in  wool,  cotton,  and  silk. 

Cashmere  and  Valencia  waistcoats,  woven  in  cotton, 
wool,  and  silk. 

613  RrPS,  Louis,  Crefeld — Manufacturer. 
Silk  hats,  with  folt  shape  and  form. 


614     Ebbschloe,  Fbedebic  William,  k  Sons — 
Lnttfingh€Mten^  near  Elherfeld — Manufacturers. 
Specimens  of  refined  Gkrman  steel,  of  various  qualities, 
and  tools.     Cards,  with  fifteen  samples  of  refined  Gherman 
steel  files  and  rasps,  planes  and  chisels,  gun  spring,  bayonet, 
ramrod,  and  cut  steeL 

616    Post,  Johk  D.,  Wehringhaneen^  near  Hagen — 

Manu&cturer. 

Cutlery  and  hard  wares : — Cutlass  blades,  sword  blades 
and  sabres.  Table-knives  and  forks.  Scythes.  Straw- 
knives. 

Pieces  of  steeL    Hoe.    Hatchets  and  axes.    Adze. 

Hammers.    Chopping-knives.     Sickles. 

Drawing-knives.    Trowels.     Braces.     Saws. 

Anvils  for  silversmiths.  Bench-vices.  Scale-beams. 
Steel-yards.    Shop-scales. 

Door-locks.  Coffee-mills.  Gimlets.  Chisels.  Plane- 
irons.    Files. 

Compasses.  Pliers  and  nippers.  Hand-vices.  Pincers. 
Stock  and  dies. 

Saw-sets.  Turn-screws.  Cupboard-locks.  Bolts.  Sheep- 
shears. 


616        Post's,  J.  C,  Sons,  EUpe^  near  Sag^ 

Manufacturers. 
Specimens  of  cast  sdssors. 


617     Manneskann,    A.,     Benucheid  —  Manufacturer. 

(Agent,  A.  Heintzmann,  17  Ironmonger  Lane, 

Cheapside.) 
Files,  screws,  and  steeL   Baw  materials  : — ^Prime  Siegen 
rough  steel,  manufactured  in  Bemscheid. 


618  Pltteicachbb,  W.,  Waldf  SoUngen — Manufacturer. 
A  great  variety  of  scissors. 


619      PlOKABDT,  0-.,  Betmcheid — ^Manufiu;turer. 

A  variefr  of  files  and  rasps,  manufiKJtored  of  cast^ 
refined,  and  douUe-refined  steeL 


620        Beand,  p.  W.,  Bem8cheid--Mvmfkctarer, 

Specimens  of  saws.  Mill,  crane,  pit,  cross-cut,  "  dwas,'* 
and  *'paimsch;*'  pit,  Paris  form,  veneer  web;  circular, 
lock,  and  web ;  tram  Paris  form ;  tenon  and  American 
blue-polished  quellon,  and  polish  teeth,  blue;  trunk; 
wood,  Berlin  form;  butcher;  spring  and  butcher,  blue; 
blade ;  dark ;  and  lock,  with  handle. 


621  BBATrNSCHWBiG,  J.  A.,  Bemtcheid — ^Manu&cturer. 
Various  sorts  of  carpenters*  and  coopers*  tools,  planes, 

chisels,  pickaxes,  &o. 

622  Beinshagen,    (J.,    i2«iMdWcf  —  ManufiMJturer. 

rAgent,  A.  Heintzmann,  17  Ironmonger  Lane, 
Cli^pside.) 
Various  filM  of  Q«nnan  ttetL 


PRUSSIA.— ELECTORAL  HESSE. 


1085 


623  BucKXAinr,  Johk  Euab,  Santdoff-^ 

ICanufacturer. 

SjpeaoMBDB  of  idMon,  shears,  files,  rasps,  vices,  hammers, 
bratce-bits,  compasses,  gimlets,  trowels,  chisels,  gouges, 
aanra,  pliers,  pincers,  Ac. 

Rhn  locks,  mortice,  tiU,  trunk,  and  padlocks. 

Tinmen's  tools,  Tarious.    Skates. 

624  Thoxas,  Chbistian,  BiicAel,  near  Setnscheid — 

Manufacturer. 
Angert  and  hardwares.    Square  rule. 
Tanous  sorts  of  augers  and  saddlers*  knires. 

625  Fkidb,  BiCHAiU),  Feld  bv  Menucheidy  near 

Solingen — Manufacturer. 

Specimens  of  polished  steel  saws :  of  imhardened  sheet 
mt  ;  doable  remied ;  double  refined  and  hardened ;  with 
jelknr  and  blue  teeth  of  double  refined ;  of  yellow,  double 
nsAoed ;  unhardened ;  blue,  hardened,  of  double  refined ; 
hardened,  of  doable  refined,  with  blue  teeth;  best  tem- 
pered, aiid  of  double  sheet ;  and  unhardened,  of  double 


626  Asirs,  August,  Remtcheid — Manufiicturer. 
Varioos  carpenter's  tools,  including  planes,  chisels,  &e. 

627  Ahti,  AKTOjr,  Zutchen^  near  BriUm — 

Manufacturer. 

Varioos  axes  and  hatchets.    Chafi*-cutter. 

Baw  materials : — Stjria  steel  for  chafi^-cutters,  axes,  and 
faaUdiets.  Cut  steel,  raised  in  the  county  of  Sicgen,  Rhine- 
Pmssia,  for  grubbing. 

Axes,  broad  axes,  &c. 

628  C5PFSI.,  Alexaitdeb,  Solingen — Manufacturer. 
Tarious  specimens  of  cutlery,  including  pen,  pocket, 

spring,  clasp,  and  hunting  kniyes. 

629  LnrDKB,  Benjakin,  Solingen — Manu£Eu;turer. 
Aisartment  of  pen  and  pocket  knives. 

6B0     LOHiCAinT,  F.,  Witten  on  Ruhr  —  Manufacturer. 

rAgent,  A.  Hcintzmann,  17  Ironmonger  Lane, 

Cheapside.) 
Files  and  cast  steel ;  pig  iron,  employed  in  producing 
st4^1 ;  pig  iron,  cast  into  bars  and  decarbonised  whole 
and  converted  into  steel ;  bars  of  steel ;  files  made  of 
9U%A  to  show  the  quahty  of  the  steel ;  steel  reeast  and 
ma«ie  into  cast-steel ;  files  made  of  cast-steeL 

In  producing  this  steel,  the  process  of  puddling  and 
refining  is  avoided ;  the  bars  arc  decarbonised  whole, 
without  altering  the  shape  ;  the  invention  is  founded  upon 
the  experiments  of  Reaumur,  and  called  by  the  inventor 
"  steel  adouce.'*      

6;U  Utloeb  k  Sons,  LrcKnAus  k  Gcentheii,  P.  C. 
LrcKHAra  k  Co.,  and  J.  B.  IIasenkleveb  k 
Soys,  Setnscheid — Manufacturers. 

Carpenters',  joiners',  coo^x^rs',  gardeners*,  and  other 
tooU. 

Ten,  pocket,  hunting,  and  other  knives ;  scissors,  shears, 
scythes,  saws,  and  other  cutlery. 

A  large  assortment  of  liardwares,  including  coffee  mills, 
?«ucar- tongs,  nut-crackers,  scales,  screws,  bolts,  files,  piano 
hook»,  tuning  hammers  and  forks,  vices,  crimping-tongs, 
pincers,  Ac.  

fi.32       HcTH,  Fried.,  k  Co.,  ^a^en— Manufacturers. 

Samples  of  steel,  ore,  cemented,  puddled,  refined,  and 
raw  iron  and  cemented  steel ;  samples  of  specidar  iron, 
and  hanl  wares ;  including  cast-steel  files,  carpenters' 
tools,  various  vices,  and  anvils. 

633  ..  BoECKEB,  R.  k  ir.,  7?<f»McAW<£— Manufacturers. 

(Agent,   Oscar   Frauenknecht,   80    Bishopsgatc 

Street  Within.) 
Ilardware  and   cutlery.  —  Filet*,   rasps,   pincers,   bits, 
irjmletn,  &e.  Locks,  scale-beams,  bolts,  and  skates;  shi»ars, 


saws,  vices,  trowels,  screw-drivers,  hinges,  rings,  knobs,  Ac 
Knives,  scissors,  sugar-tongs,  nut-crackers,  wire  gauges, 
&c. 

Patterns  of  drawing,  chopping  and  cooper^s  knivee, 
cleavers,  saws,  scythes,  &o. 

[The  flourishing  state  of  the  G^erman  outleiy  trade^ 
of  which  the  principal  seats  are  in  Westphalia  and  the 
Rhenish  provinces  (as  Solingen,  Remscheid,  and  Hagen), 
is  continually  enlai^ging  itself.  The  Zollverein  exports 
yearly  immense  quantities  of  this  hardware  to  America, 
through  which  it  is  dispersed  from  almost  all  the  Trans- 
atlantic harbours.] 

634  Wescheb  Bbothebs,  &  Stbasicann,  Barmen — 

Manufiicturers. 
Specimens  of  horn  buttons ;  sporting  and  dress  buttons. 
The  materials  used  in  the  manufiicture  are  the  hoo&  of 
oxen.  

635  KoTTEBOHM  &  O).,  Ludentcheid — ^Manufacturers. 
Samples  of  cast  brass,  and  G^erman  silver  door  handles, 

rings,  screws,  rollers  for  chairs,  bedsteads,  and  other 
articles.  

636  TuBK,  0.  P.  (Widow),  iiki«McA«*— Manufiwturer. 
Specimens  of  steel,  Oerman  silver,  plated,  and  gilt  but- 
tons, buckles,  and  nails,  for  upholst^. 

637  HoELLEB,  A.  &  E.,  SoUngen — Manufacturers. 

(Agent,  A.  Heintzmann,  17  Ironmonger  Lane, 
Cheapside.) 

Sword  of  honour,  and  court-sword,  in  case.  Gloves, 
swords,  and  hangers.    Mounted  foils  and  rapiers. 

Damask  blades  in  the  oriental  style.  Blaaes  of  swords, 
and  foils.    Matchetts  and  cutlasses.    Lance  blades. 

Scissors ;  the  same,  in  case.  Pen  and  pocket  knives. 
Table  knives  and  forks. 

Carving  knives  and  forks.  Razors.  Poniards.  Spear- 
pointed  knives.  Shoemakers*  and  butchers'  knives.  Table- 
Knives. 

Sheep  and  tin  shears.  Saws  and  saw-blades.  Files. 
Cliisels  and  plane  knives.  Stocks  and  dies.  Tongs,  nip- 
pers, and  wirc-plyers. 

Compasses  and  dividers.  Brace-bits  and  gimlets. 
Hammers  and  jewellers' tools.     Hinges.     Locks. 

Parallel- vice,  in  rase.     Halter-chains. 

Steel  ornaments,  for  portc-monnaies,  portc-cigars,  and 
bags.  

638  Dbeyse  k  Collenbuscii,  Sdfnmerda — 

Manufacturers. 

Specimens  of  percussion-caps,  in  wliich  certainty  of 
ignition  is  obtained  by  protecting  the  priming  from  wet 
or  moist  ure. 

Tin-plate,  barrel,  and  copper  rivets  produced  by  ma- 
chinery without  heat,  and  exhibited  for  cheapness. 

639  RiTZEL,  Widow  Leonuard,  Liidenscheid, 

Westphalia — Man  ufacturcr . 
Various  metallic  buttons.     Copper  obtained  from  Eng- 
land, Sweden,  and  Gtermany.     Zinc  from  Rhine  provinces 
and  Silesia.  

640  ScHWARTE,  J.  D.,  Solingen. — Manufactiirer. 

An  assortment  of  razors,  pen-knives,  chatelaine  hooks 
and  swivels.  

641  DOltoen  Bbothebs,  Bultgenthal,  near  Wold — 

Manufacturers. 
Hard  wares.     Umbrella  and  parasol  frames,  kc. 
Samples  of  cigar- boxes,  porte-monnaio  frames,  kc. 
Pad  and  portfolio  locks,  and  door-handles. 

642  ALTEXLOn,  Brikk,  k  Co.,  Mil*pe,  near  Schtrelm 

— Manufacturers.   (Agent  in  l^^ndon,  A.  Heintz- 
mann, 17  Ironmonger  Lane,  Chi^pj^ide.) 
Various  sptvimens  of  screws,  with  roimd  and  flat  heads. 

4  12 


1086 


PRUSSIA.— ELECTORAL  HESSE. 


643  ScHi^GELMiLCH,  Cabl,  Suhl — Maiiu£M;turer. 
Box  for  matchee,  made  of  rolled  sheet-iron,  to  show  the 

qualitr,  toughness  and  pliabUity.  The  lid  opens  bj  pres- 
sure aloDg  the  length. 

644  Schmidt,  Casfab,  Soest — Manufacturer. 
A  middle-sized  cooking  apparatus  of  plate  iron. 

645  Abbeoe,  Chablbs,  &  Co.,  Hagen — Manufscturers. 
Vices,  anvil,  horse-shoes,  and  hardwares ;  locksmith's 

anvil,  turning-lathe,  parallel  vice  and  table  vice,  exhibited 
for  cheapness. 

Specimens  of  refined  German  steel,  made  of  Siegen  steel 
ore. 

Horse-shoes  of  half-hardened  steeL 

Tools  for  shoeing  horses,  consisting  of  rasps,  hammer, 
and  pinoer. 

Variety  of  padlocks  and  fodder  knives. 

646  Schmidt,  Pet.  Ludw.,  ^2&ef/0^(^— Manufacturer. 
Steel,  iron,  and  brass  wares,  including  screw-taps,  files, 

gimlets,  nippers,  hammers,  vices,  shears,  plane-irons,  saws, 
locks,  scales,  hinges,  taps,  and  skates,  &c. 


647  Kissing  &  Moellmann,  Iserlohn — Manufacturers. 
Brass  and  iron  wares,  inoludinf  eilt  stamped  mirror- 
knobs,  escutcheons,  and  omamenttu  drawer-rings. 

Card  counter  plates  and  snufier-dishes. 
Brass  knobs,  nooks,  and  drawer-rings.    Chair-rollers. 
Hand-beUs.    Dial  plates,  &c. 
Curtain  cornices,  ornaments,  pins,  and  rinffs. 
Parasol  frames.    Stamped  brass  candlesticks. 
Steel  umbrella  and  parasol  frames,  with  and  without 
japanned  handles.    Reels  of  iron,  copper,  and  brass  wire. 

648  Hobstebey,  G.,  Barmen — Manufacturer. 
Samples  of  buttons,  plated  with  gold,  silver,  and  platina. 


652       FuNKB  &  HrCK,  Hagen — ^Manufacturers. 

Samples  of  hardwares,  including  screws ;  with  points  ; 
and  with  nuts.    Patent  and  common  vice ;  nut- wrench. 


649     Kbupp,  Fbiedbich,  Sssen^  near  Dusaeldarf— 
Manufacturer  and  part  Inventor. 

Rolling  mill  for  mints.  The  rollers,  8  inches  in  length 
and  diameter,  are  hardened,  exhibited  for  equal  hardening, 
purity,  and  durabiUtj. 

Carriage  and  buffer  springs.    Railway-carriage  axles. 

Forged  cast-steel  containing  a  small  quantity  of  carbon ; 
exhibited  for  purity  and  toughness.  Used  ior  axletrees 
for  locomotives,  waggons,  &c. ;  gun  and  carriage,  cast- 
steel  cuirass,  breast-plates. 


650  Lucas,  F.  W.,  &  Co.,  .EZ6«/<?W— Manufactuiws. 
An  assortment  of  hardware,  consisting  of  imitation 

bronze  goods  in  lead,  tin,  and  zinc ;  altar  and  other  can- 
dlesticks, inkstands,  match-boxes,  lamp-screens,  thermo- 
meter, paper-weights,  lamp-stands,  tobacco-boxes,  flower- 
pot stands,  and  a  statue  of  Guttenberg. 

651  Schmidt,  Johann  Daniel,  jun.,  SproekhSvel-- 

Manufacturer. 

Hardwares,  including  iron  and  brass  drawer,  chest  and 
desk-locks;  mortice-locks  for  work-tables  and  pianos; 
burnished  steel  portfolio,  and  various  locks  in  iron  and 
brass. 

Window-bolts,  with  appurtenances;  bolts  and  snaps 
in  iron,  brass,  &c. 

Iron  and  brass  hinges,  for  tables,  desks,  &c 

Braces,  with  an  assortment  of  bits.  Hollow  hand-pad, 
with  tools.  Cogwheel  braces.  Augers,  bits,  and  centre- 
bits.     Gimlets,  ordinary  and  twisted. 

Compasses  and  calhpers  for  carpenters,  turners,  &c. 

Pliers,  punches,  and  nippers.  Hand-shears,  and  wire- 
drawing pincers ;  carpenters*  and  other  pincers.  Sugar- 
toMs,  curling-tongs,  nut-crackers,  Ac.     Fox-traps. 

Hand  and  bench  vices.  Universal  screw-wrenches. 
Wooden  and  iron  screw  stocks.  Scales  and  steelyards. 
Skates  of  various  qualities. 


653 


Gbeepf,  J.  P.  G.  W.,  &  Son,  Barmen — 
Manufacturers. 
Various  metal  buttons  and  boxes. 
Samples  of  snuff'-boxes. 

654  Wobste,  Gtjstav,  &  Co.,  SoUngen — Manufacturers. 

(Agent  in   London,  A.  Heintzmann,  17  Iron- 
monger Lane,  Cheapside.) 
Cards  of  cast  scissors ;  various  specimens  of  different 
qualities,  plain  and  ornamented.    Samples  of  shears. 

655  Cabon,  J.  M.,  &  Co.,  BauenthiU,  near  Barmen — 

Manufacturers. 
An  assortment  of  gilt  buttons  and  jewellery,  consisting 
of  brooches,  rings,  crosses,  chains,  breast-pins,  ear-rings, 
buckles,  &c.  The  materials  employed  in  the  manufacture 
are  British,  Russian,  and  Swedish  copper  and  Bohemian 
glass-stones.  The  soldering  is  done  by  means  of  a  hydro- 
oxygen  apparatus 

656  Wolff    &  Ebbsloeh,   Barmen — ^Manufacturers. 

(Agents  in  London,  Messrs.  E.  &  H.  Blank, 

10  Trump  Street,  King  Street.) 
Various  plated  articles:   raw  materials,  gold,  platina, 
silver,  and  copper.    The  articles  are  principally  manu- 
factured by  machinery. 

657  Seel,  Gust,  Blherfeld — Manufacturer. 
Sundry  ornamental  artides  in  hair: — The  mourning 

Jews,  after  Bendemann.  Landscapes :  Ruins  of  a  Con- 
vent ;  Forest  Country.  Wreath  of  flowers ;  bouquets  of 
flowers. 

Various  designs  in  hair  for  brooches,  earrings,  and  rings, 
with  finished  gold  brooch.  Album,  with  a  landscape ; 
album,  with  bouquet.    Box,  with  braids  of  hair. 

658  LiPF  (yon),  Fbbdbich,  2>iM««2c{of/— -Manufacturer. 
Perfumery :  Dusseldorf  water ;  and  oriental  pastiL 
Specimens  of  paper-hangings  in  rolls. 

659  H1LGEB8,  Cabl,  2>fw««2do9/— Inventor  and 

Manufacturer. 
Lady's  writing  and  work  tables,  in  ebony,  with  four 
views  of  the  Rhine. 


660 


Eiohslbebg,  J.  D.,  &  Co.,  Iserlohn — 
Manufacturers. 
Window-curtain,  with  a  frame  of  brass  fixed  on  wood. 


661  BiXFAKCS  Chbishak,  Duiebwrg — ^Manufacturer. 
Paste  and  pasteboard  articles. 

Various  frames  for  daguerreotypes  and  pictures,  in 
velvet,  bronze,  and  marble  t  one  ^tuis. 
Lithographs  in  plain  colours. 

662  HoELTBiNO  &  HoEFFKEK,  Barmen — 

Manufacturers. 
An  assortment  of  India-rubber  bracea» 

[The  caoutchouc  employed  for  weaving  braces,  elastic 
braids,  and  webs,  is  cut  spirally  from  bottle  India-nibber» 
by  means  of  a  small  rotating  knife  kept  wet  by  a  water- 
drip.  The  workman  takes  half  a  bottle  in  his  hand,  and 
obtains  very  long  threads  by  turning  it  round  between 
his  fingers  and  pressing  it  to  the  knifa :  these  threads  are 
afterwards  readily  joined,  by  cutting  a  short  piece  from 
each  end,  and  merely  placing  the  fi'eshly-cut  surfaces 
together.  The  threads  are  now  wound  spirally  on  reels, 
and  stretched  considerably  in  the  operation.  By  leaving 
them  in  a  state  of  tension  for  some  vreeks,  they  lose  their 
elasticity,  and  may  be  easily  woven  and  made  into  braid. 


PRUSSIA.— SAXON  DUCHIES.— THURINGIA.— BRUNSWICK,  &c. 


1087 


On  €a.po«ure  to  steam,  the  elasticitj  Ib,  howerer,  perfectly 
restored,  and  the  &bric  becomes  shortened. — ^W.  D.  L.  R.] 

663  SoHXLUB,  Websk,  &  WimcH,  Hesse- Cosset, 

Hesse, 
Children's  toys — Ghins,  pistols,  cross-bows,  furniture, 
dominoes,  lotteries,  counters,  several  sorts  of  carriages, 
ottnnons  with  metal  barrels,  and  sheep. 

664  Basse  k  Fischbb,  LUdenscheid,  West>phaUa— 

Manufisusturers. 

Yarioos  snuff-boxes,  match-boxes,  buckles,  and  lids  for 
tobaooo  pipes  in  Qennan  silver,  pinchbeck,  and  Britannia 
metal  mountings,  silvered. 

StrqM  of  escutcheons  and  rings  in  G^erman  silver. 
Match-boxes  of  brass  and  metal,  by  machineiy  from  one 


665  Knxur,  Hskst,  Siegen — ^Producer. 
Wood-earring,  representing  "  The  Lord's  Supper,"  after 

the  pictnze  of  Ixionardo  da  Vinci. 

666  FxLTHAUSS,  — ,  TTtf^z^or— Producer. 

^  Fragments  of  ore  from  the  latelv-opened  and  promising 
cinnafaar  and  quicksilver  mine  of  Ludwig,  near  Wetzlar, 
nd  samples  of  the  cinnabar  procured  from  the  ore. 

667  Pfbitvbbs  k  Ax,  JK^c^^— Manu&cturers. 
Cotton,  and  cotton  and  wool,  mixed.    Buckskins. 


668  ScHZEii,  C,  Cosset — Manufacturer. 

A  cabinet  pianoforte  of  seven  octaves,  on  Erard's  prin- 
ciple. 

669  WiDEKiuinff,  J.  G^odfiocii— -Manufacturer. 
Superfine  linen  damask  table-cloths,  bearing  the  Royal 
ma  of  England. 
Napkins  of  linen  damask,  with  various  private  coats  of 


Fine  table-cloth,  and  other  coverings,  with  sacred  sub- 
jects. 

Fine  napkins,  towels,  and  dessert  napkins  of  linen 
damask. 


670  Bbeithaupt,  F.  W.,  &  Son,  Cosset^ 

Manu&cturers. 
An  assortment  of  physical  and  mathematical  instru- 
ments of  various  descriptions,  including  theodolites,  com- 
passes, sextants,  levelling  instruments,  &o. 

671  VoGKL,  F.  W.,  Jena,  Saxe  Weimar — Bookbinder. 

A  highly-finished  copy  of  F.  von  Schiller's  works,  imder 
glass  cover  and  on  a  small  table. 

672  Mecklinohaus  &  Wsx,  Barmen — Manufacturers. 
An  assortment  of  dressed  hides  for  harness,  &c 


673     ScHMOLZ,  William,  &  Co.,  Sotingen  and  Berlin — 
Manu£M!tiurers  of  G^erman  SUver   Wares,  &o. 
(Agents  in  London,  Bier  Brothers,  2  St.  Mary- 
at-Hill,  City.) 
An  assortment  of  cutlery,  including  swords,  sabres,  and 
hunting  knives,  polished  blades  and  mounted  in  steel, 
brass,  pinchbeck.  Overman  silver,  &c.    Table  knives,  scis- 
sors and  penknives.    Specimens  of  nickel  and  Gknnan 
sUver  in  sheets  and  in  wn-e. 


674  Tack,  Wm.,  &  Pelizaeus,  0^«^£{— Manu&oturers. 
Silk,  and  silk  and  cotton  mixed  stuffs,  for  waistcoats. 

675  Schxjltb,  J.  H.,  Barmen — Manufacturer. 
Silk,  and  silk  and  cotton  mixed  stufi^,  for  waistcoats. 


676      SiEFEBMANir  k  MoEHLAU,  Derendoff,  near 
J[)u8setdorf--Ma,mi£tLCtvaefrB, 
Printed  cotton  stuff  for  furniture. 


677  Krtjpp,  F.,  Essen,  near  the  Ruhr— Inyeiitor 

and  Manu&cturer. 
Steel  gun,  6-pounder,  complete.     Steel  cuirass,  and  one 
tried  by  being  fired  at  with  six  different  bullets.    Steel 
rollers,  springs,  and  railway  axle. 

678  Teutenbebg,  Limwia,  HUsten,  Kreis  Amsberg — 

Inventor  and  Manufiacturer. 
Rifle  with  seven  barrels,  which  can  all  be  fired  and 
loaded  at  once,  particularly  applicable  for  shooting  wild 
fowl,  &o. 


«.  PRUSSIA.— SAXON  Grand  Duchy  and  Duchies.- BRUNSWICK,  ANHALT,  and 

THURINGIAN  Prlvcipalities. 


679  BEyynrOHArss,  J.  C,  ThaJe,  near  Quedlinburg— 

Producer. 
Sparry  ironstone,  fipom  the  mines  of  Hoffnung  and 
Sei^en  Gottes.  Brown  iron  ore,  from  the  mine  of  Heili- 
irmberg.  Pig  iron,  furnace  slaps,  iron  in  bars,  &c.  Va- 
rious cooking  utensils  of  pate  iron,  worked  in  one  piece 
and  enamelled. 

680  ScHADE,  Eduard,  Breitenhach — Manufacturer. 
Pifture  on  porc-elain,  in  gold  frame,  representing  Jubal, 

the  inrentor  of  music. 

Painted  porcelain   plate,  representing  a  picture,   after 
Raphael 

Lady's  portrait,  in  a  costume  of  the  time  of  Louis  XVI. 

681  Royal  Salt  Works  ai  Artern — Manufacturer. 
ICeOite,  common  salt,  and  mother-ley  and  rock  salt. 

682  DrCAL  Iron  Works  at  MAODESPRuyo,  near 

Harzgerodey  Anhalt — Bemhurg. 
Model  of  a  wind  instrument  constructed  by  Liiders. 
Sparry  iron,  raw   and  roasted,  Mrith   magnetic  ironstone 
errstal^,  from  the  mines  at  Neudorf.     "VVliite   pig  iron. 
Slags  from  i\\c  high-furnace,  with  crystals. 


Axletree,  puddled,  and  re-heated  by  gas.  Waggon-boxes, 
and  a  sample  of  iron.  Model  of  a  gas-mmaoe,  constructed 
by  Bischof. 

Fluor-spar.  Artificial  lead-glance  crystals.  Crude  anti- 
mony, tliree  varieties.  Litharge  or  protoxide  of  lead. 
Pure  hardened  lead,  for  bearings,  types,  &c.  Mixed 
vitriol. 

The  sparry  iron  ore  is  used  for  the  manufacture  of  pig 
iron,  and  changes  in  roasting  into  magnetic  ironstone, 
discernible  by  tlie  crystals.  The  manufacture  of  iron  into 
bars,  by  means  of  gas,  is  but  in  its  infancy ;  but  the  iron 
produced  in  this  manner  is  considered  to  be  preferable  to 
that  produced  by  means  of  charcoal,  and  to  the  puddled 
iron  in  bars  made  by  pit-coal. 

[Tlio  lignites  of  Germany  have  not  been  found  favoura- 
ble to  the  production  of  good  iron ;  the  principle  has,  there- 
fore, been  introduced  of  distilling  the  fuel  in  close  vessels, 
and  using  the  residting  gases  in  a  state  of  combustion  in 
the  furnace  as  the  source  of  heat  to  melt  the  iron.  The 
results,  as  far  as  the  experiment  has  yet  been  tried,  are 
very  satisfactory,  and  tlie  use  of  gases  there  is  rapidly  ex- 
tending in  the  iron  districts  of  the  CJontinent.   The  relative 


690     IL1U.BB,  JoBBPH  4  Chbjstofierb,  BaUe— 

SpocinieDs  of  wheat  sturcli,  for  Turioiia  purpose!.  Fn>- 
duced  by  madimEij,  and  by  chemical  promaBoii ;  100  lb». 
of  vhoat  yielding  50  lbs.  o(  »taruli. 

Gdl      EENiiieE  k  WiBBB,  Magdeburg — Muiufiu'lurcr*. 

(Agent  in  Londoi^  Ur.  Jobn  Hontmann,  26 

Fin»bury  Square.) 
Sii^,  msdo&om  red  beet'TOot,  Mid  with  the  c*ntrifugsl 
maoiuDA.    Loavee  of  sugar  (puriOed).   BeEued  beet  lugar. 


692  Sau>mon,  J.  A.,  &  Co.,  finmnmcjt— UanubnurFn. 

Dried  chicory-root ;   tlio  some,    powdered.     Cliicurj'- 


PBUS8IA.--SAX0N  DUCHIES.— THURINQI A.— BBXTNS WICK.  ftc. 


TaluBB  of  the  iron'produciiig  States  of  Europe  uiay  be 
inferred  bom  (he  follawing  return  obtained  in  1616  : — 

Great  Bnlain 2,000,000 

United  Stotei 502,000 

France 4.18,000 

Bussia 400,000 

Prusaisn  ZollTerein  800,000 

Austria 190,000 

Belgium 150,000 

Sireden 14£,000 

All  the  other  European  states  .        .         76,000 
B.  H.]  

683  Hebuuiii,  O.,  Fropriiitor  of  tlie  Cbemiod  Uaou- 

factory  (formerly  Boyal)  at  Sckoaebevt. 
Oiemical  preparations  imd  specimens  of  conunoii  salt. 
White  oiido  of  liuc,  prepared  lu  tho  dry  way.  Iron  alum. 
Srd  prussiote  of  jxituti  of  Qroolio,  Pure  gallic  acid, 
CrystallJEed  tartrate  of  potaah.  Hrpuulplinte  of  soda. 
Chlorate  of  potassium.  Cyanide  of  poUaaiuio.  Pure 
curbotiate  of  potash.  Diy  nitrate  of  strontian.  Cnstol- 
lized  nitrate  01  barytes.  Qlaiaal  phosphoric  add.  Putaa- 
siiim,  3  lbs.  uot,  in  petroleum.     I«liDC,   3  Ibe.  net,  in 

retrolcum.  Chlorotbrm.  Bromine,  1  lb.  not,  in  water. 
Eilphuret  of  carbon,  1  i  lbs  net,  in  water.  Chloride  of 
tin.  Pure  oiido  of  copper.  Fredpitoted  nitrate  of  bis- 
ninth.  Pure  auocimc  acid.  Caustic  potash,  in  sticks. 
Metallic  cadmium.    Biniodide  of  mercury. 

684  Wbish,  Jitijcs  Hdnbich,  MiillunuH — 

Manufacturer. 
Produce  of   plants : — Haddor  lac-totoura,  for  artistic 
pwnling.    Madder  coTering-eoloure.     Patterns  coloured 
with  the  dyes. 

685  BehM,  F.,  BoyiH,  near  Sallentfedl,  Aniall, 

Bentba  rg — Manufacturer. 

Bugnr  from  red  beet.     From  one  acre  of  ground  there 

M«  obtained  120  owts.  of  POd  beef,  equal  to  6)  cwts.  of 

[This  BUgar  is  citmctfd  from  the  eommon  red  bect-root 
{Stta  mlgaria).  It  is  largely  consimijod  in  Oermanj  and 
in  France,  both  directly  as  augar,  and  indirectly  for  the 
purpose*  of  distiilation.  AJler  the  sugar  is  eitrscled,  the 
reaiduum,  pressed  into  cakes,  forms  a  very  nut.riliro  food 
for  Battle.  It  it  manufactured  to  a  small  extent  in 
Bngland,  but  cannot  iwmpeic  in  price  with  the  colonial 
•Mue-sugnrs.  Our  climate  is  ill-9uit«d  to  the  growth  of 
this  T&riety  of  beet,  and  a  Swal  duty  of  nearly  15t.  per 
cwt.  operates  against  its  manufacture.  The  BTeroge  pro- 
duction of  sugar  is  about  5  per  cent,  on  the  weight  of  the 
raw  material.— J,  W.] 


686        Blbibtbef,  Ludwio  Otto,  BnnuteUi — 
Msuufscturer. 

Chicoiy-root,  kiln-dried,  in  slices ;  roasted,  and  ground 
to  powdo'.    Prepared  chicory -colTeo. 

[Chicory  (CicAorJitn  inlghiu)  is  extensively  used  lor  the 
purpose  of  adiUterating  coffee.  When  properly  prepared, 
it  yields  a  large  proportion  of  a  dark-coloured  extractive 
mattitr,  similar  in  appearance  to  coff^  but  entirely  des- 
titute of  the  aromatio  ftarour  peculiar  to  the  latter.] 


BamplM  of  sugar,  roanubctQivd  from  red  becl-n 

688  FBiOKSfiPiN,  AooLpn,  Suilhatuea — 

Mnuulncturcr. 
Samples  of  glue. 


693      TncHMAira,  Cxa^iK,  Jj/iirt— Manulacturer. 

Samples  of  succory  and  powder. 

Vermicelli,  niscoarooi,  wheat-grits,  poarl-barley,  ti 
tard,  and  blacking. 


094  The  Lobpbo  MLutrFiCTOHr,  Jtrichov,  Magdeburg 
— Manufacturer. 

Brown  and  white  sago  ;  grape  sugar  j  potato  Sour 
and  starch  }  pearl  bar£ry  ;  art.idcial  gum  in  cake  and 
powdered  ;  wliile  and  brown  treacle ;  white  sago-grit* ; 
diy  burnt  starch,  in  three  muditiea,  for  factories ;  pipe 
starch ;  ringed  and  powdered  starch,  made  of  wheat  of 
the  first  quality. 

[Sago,  aa  it  is  imported  into  Europe,  is  in  little  hard 
grains,  and  is  a  specie*  of  starch  in  an  impure  form  ;  it  ii 
obtained  from  the  pith  of  an  East  Indian  palm  (the  Sag*t 
fantiifera),  which  attains  a  height  of  tliirty  fiwt.  Of  late 
the  fecula  has  been  obtained  from  the  crude  aago  in 
a  much  punr  form,  and  is  then  sold  under  the  name  of 
sago-starch  ;  it  is  much  used  as  a  stUFener  in  drcMing 
calico,  Sx. 

Qrape  sugar  (glucose,  sugar  of  slarcli,  sugar  of  fruits, 
diabetio  sugar)  is,  like  cane  sugar,  s  compound  of  carbon, 
hydrc^on,  and  oxygen,  but  differs  from  the  l*tl«r  in  con- 
taining a  greater  proportion  of  hydrogen  and  oxygen. 
The  grape  and  many  other  fruits,  together  with  honey, 
owe  their  sweetnees  to  this  substance.  Dilute  acid* 
concert  cane  sugar,  sugar  of  milk,  stan^b,  and  woody 
fibre  (rags  or  papur  for  instance),  into  grape  sugar. 

Potato  storoh  is  one  of  the  purest  forms  of  ataTcb  i 
it  cotuista  of  small  egg-shaped  grains,  which  are  com- 
posed of  several  concentric  membranes.  Starch  is 
coloured  blue  by  iodine  and  orange  by  brominu. 
Added  to  water  at  140°  Fahr.,  the  outer  envolopo  of  the 
starch  bursts  and  a  jellj  is  formed.  By  the  action  of 
boiling  dilute  acids,  or  of  on  infiision  of  malt  (which  con- 
tains a  peculiar  substance  caUed  diastase)  kept  for  tome 
time  nt  a  temperature  of  150",  starch  is  converted  first 
into  deitrioe,  having  the  same  composition  as  starch,  and 
by  the  continual  action  lastly  into  grape  sugar.  D17 
starch,  heated  to  a  temperature  betwcvn  213'  and  £50°, 
is  likewise  converted  into  a  sort  of  dextrine.  Artificial 
gum,  British  gum,  &«.,  ant  commenul  names  for  diffcnmt 
preparations  of  dextrine,  which  is  mucli  used  as  a 
stiffencr,  and  a  vehicle  for  the  dyot  of  the  calico  printer. 
Starch  is  a  compound  of  carbon,  hydrogen,  and  oxygen. 
-W.  D.  L.  B.] 


PRUSSIA.— SAXON  DUCHIES.— THURINGIA.^BRUNSWICK,  &c. 


1089 


695    WimKOP  k  Co.,  Brunstoick — Manu&oturera. 

Ssmplee  of  flour,  groats,  maocaroni,  and  chocolate. 
Tlie  manufiicture  of  maocaroni  and  yermicelli  ia  carried 
era  in  two  ettabHshments :  in  the  one  the  kneading  and 
preating  of  the  dough  is  done  bj  hand,  in  the  other  bj 


696     GnsBLiB,  Nicholas  Hbnbt,  Trdchtelbam — 

Manufacturer. 
BaDa  of  woad,  prepared  from  pure  woad  leaves. 

[Woad  is  a  plant  of  the  erudferoua  or  oolewort  order. 
It  is  the  Itatit  tinetoria  of  botanists.  The  expressed 
juioe  of  the  leayes  affords  a  blue  dye.  The  Picts  and 
it  Britons  painted  their  bodies' with  woad. — E.  F.] 


697  HrcKS,  Cabl,  Manager  and  Teacher  of  the  School 
of  Agriculture,  at  Alach^  near  JErfkH. 
Sanities  of  hogs*  bristles,  taken  from  animalH  of  diflerent 


GHnary  and  coriander  seeds. 


698    AiTBCHXTBTZ,  BoBEBT,  Zella  (St,  MoTu)^  Duchy 

of  Goiha — Manufacturer. 

Doable  gun-barrels  of  common  wire-damask  ;  of  com- 
mon flower  damask ;  of  fine  Paris  damask ;  of  fine  flower 
(Turkish)  damask ;  and  of  fine  chain  damask. 

Bifle  barreb  of  fine  flower  (Turkish)  damask ;  of  Lami- 
nette  damask ;  of  (}otha  damask;  of  fine  steel- wire  damask; 
and  of  iron  damask. 

The  iron  for  the  steel  is  made  in  Zella  of  sparry  iron- 
obtained  in  the  district  of  Schmalkalden. 


[The  true  damask,  or  Damascus,  work  on  steel,  is  the 
reanlt  of  welding  iron  and  steel  in  alternate  bands  toge- 
;  then  twisting  the  bar  in  various  ways,  by  which  the 
of  the  pattern  on  the  polished  gun-barrel  or 
•word-Made  is  produced.  In  some  cases,  the  steel  has  iron 
beaten  into  it,  at  a  welding  temperature.  An  artificial 
is  very  often  produced  by  the  action  of  acids  on 
the  surfiftoe ;  but  the  pattern  thus  produced  can  be  readily 
obliterated,  which  is  not  tbo  case  with  that  on  tho  real 
Damascus  work. — R.  H.] 


699  Bbecht,  August,   Weimar — Manufacturer. 

(Aeent  in  London,  Consul  S.  CoUinann.) 
Double  rifle,  with  fine  damascene  barrels,  walnut-tree 
stock. 

Single  rifle,  with  damask  barrel,  and  highly-finished 
nut-tree  stock,  arranged  for  pointed  and  round  bolls. 

The  iron  employed  is  from  Thuringia  ;  tbo  barrels  are 
from  Liego ;  and  the  stocks  of  the  wood  of  native  nut- 
trees. 

700  Hajtau,  Wilhelm,  Oera^  Seu^s — Manufacturer. 
Pair  of  pistols  for  round  and  pointe<l  balls,  with  the 

necessary  apparatus,  in  a  ease. 


701  KdNio,  C.  G.,  &  Sons,  Oimmakcrs  to  II.R.H.  the 

Duke  of  Saxe-Cobiu^  Gotlia,  Duchy  of  Sachsen 
Cohurg  —  Manufacturers.  (Agent,     Jo4»epli 

Kendall,  8  Harp  Lane,  Tower  St.) 
Pair  of  octagon  pistols ;  barreb  and  shaft  inlaid  with 
gold  and  silver,  in  the  Gothic  stvle,  the  stoc'ks  of  ehn 
(Llmu*  campesir'u)^  inlaid  with  silver,  with  complete  ap- 
paratus and  case. 

702  Sauerbrey,  Ludwio,  Zella,  Duchy  of  Go/ha— 

Manufacturer. 

Double  rifle,  of  cast  steel,  with  apparatus  of  13  pieces 
in  a  box,  made  of  one  piece  of  cast  steel,  and  not  soldered 
t<^ther.  Both  barrels  are  bored  in  a  converging  direc- 
tion, to  one  aim,  in  »uch  a  manner  as  to  direct  the  balls  to 
the  same  mark.     It  carries  pointed  and  aluo  round  balls. 

Double  rille  of  damat^k,  of  east  steel,  with  Liege  barrels, 
and  ap|»aratus  for  pointed  and  nmnd  balls. 


Double  gan  of  damask,  with  Liege  barrels,  with  appa- 
ratus of  7  pieces,  in  box,  for  all  descriptions  of  balls  and 
shot. 

704  AusPBLD,  H.,  Gotha,  Duchy  of  Saxe  Chtha — 

Manu&ctiurer. 
Planimeter,  an  instrument  inyented  by  Dr.  Flaussen,  of 
the  Obsenratoiy  at  Seeberg,  for  the  purpose  of  measuring 
surfiioes. 

fPlanimetiy,  or  the  art  of  measuring  planes  or  surfaces^ 
is  performed  by  determining  how  many  squares,  whose 
sides  are  certain  measiu-es  of  length,  are  contained  therein, 
so  that  the  area  or  contents  of  any  siu*face  is  known  when 
we  know  how  many  square  inches,  feet,  &e.,  it  contains. 
The  instrument  above  is  exhibited  for  this  purpose. — 
J.  G.] 

Microscope,  the  lenses  of  which  are  arranged  in  such  a 
manner  that,  at  their  greatest  distance  from  the  object- 
glass,  a  magiTfled  and  well-defined  picture  is  said  to  be 
obtamed.  The  magnifying  powers  raxy  from  18  to  l&O 
(linear). 

705  Bboemel,  AuOitst,  Amstadiy  FrineipaUty  of 

Schwarzhury,  Sonderhauten — Manufacturer. 
Decimal  balance,  to  weigh  from  10  to  16  owts  $  another 
in  brass,  to  weigh  1  cwt.,  adapted  for  bankers.    The  iron 
and  wood  are  firom  the  Thuringian  forest. 


706  NiETZSCHMANir  k  Yaccani,  Halle — ^ManufiMsturera. 
Drawing  cases  and  mathematical  instruments  in  brass 
and  new  silver.    Sets  of  compasses,  polished  and  un- 
polished. 


707  SoHTTLTZE,  JoHAN  k  Fbiedrich,  PomUtuuHUt 
cipalUy  ofMudoUtadt,  Schwarzhury — ManufiMsturers. 
An  organ ;  its  peculiarities  consisting  in  great  po¥rer  of 

tone  and  simplicity  of  mechanism,  wiUi  a  contrivance  for 
producing  deeper  tones,  and  an  arrangement  for  "  accele- 
rating tho  transmission  of  sound." 

708  Waoneb  k  Co.,  C^era^  Beuse — Manufacturers. 
(Agents,  Messrs.  Elemenhorst  Brothers,  London.) 

Accordions,    inlaid   with  fine    metal    and  mother-of- 
pearL     Glazed  cupboard. 

709  Zeitteb,  F.,  &  WiNKELMANN,  T.  Ch.,  Bfunswick — 

Manufacturers. 

A  pianoforte,  and  a  grand  pianoforte. 


710  Dannebeeo  k  Son,  Eilenhurg — Manufacturers. 
White  and  coloured  furniture  stufl*8.     Jaconets. 
Millefleurs — pink,  lilac,  blue,  ultramarine. 

Cahcoes — millefleurs,  light  ground,  pink,  violet  green, 
and  madder. 

711  VooEL  k  Caeneb,  Gera,  Beuss — Manufacturers. 
Coloured    and    woven   cotton   goods;    goods   figiutjd, 

coloured,  and  woven  in  tlie  Jacquard  loom,  made  of  Gor- 
nmn  and  English  cotton  yam.  These  goods  are  cliiefly  in 
demand  in  European  Tiu-key  and  in  Persia,  where  they 
are  used,  partly  for  garments,  and  partly  for  ornamenting 
rooms. 

712  IlAQEN'BrscH,  C.  G.,  Weimar — Manufacturer. 

(Agent  in  London,  the  ConsiU  S.  Collmann.) 

Four-fold  worsttnl  yams. 

Raw  yams,  zephyr  and  castor. 

Dytnl  yams,  zephyr  and  castor.  Manufactured  at  the 
wonttwl  yam  works  at  Weimar,  partly  from  Silesian  and 
West  Prussian  and  partly  from  Saxon  wools.  The  coloureil 
yams  were  dyed  at  the  manufactory  of  Messrs.  Schuster 
Brothers,  of  Berhn. 


1090 


PRUSSIA.-r-SAXON  DUCHIES.— THURINGIA.— BRUNSWICK,  &c. 


713         Habelopf  &  Co.,  Bur^ — Manu£Eu;turer8. 
(Agent,  Mr.  Gt.  A.  Seeger.) 
Black,  blue,  and  violet  royal  cloths.    Violet,  black,  and 
blue  cloth.     The  wools  employed  are  partly  from  Silesia, 
partly  from  the  grand  duchy  of  Posen,  and  partly  from 
the  farms  of  the  vicinity. 


714     Walteb,  Hennig,  &  Co.,  Bonnehur^hy  Iteusg — 
Manufacturers.      (Agents  in  London,   Suse  & 
Sibeth.) 
Specimens    of   Thibet,    mousseline-de-laine,   cashmere 

d^Ecosse,  and  NapoUtaine.    All  woven  of  comb-yam,  and 

dyed  in  various  colours. 


715  Damsch,  Muenzeb,  k  Sons,  Eonntiburg^  Bitchy 

of  Saxe  AUenburg — Manufacturers.     (Agent, 

H.  Hoffinann,  10  Tokenhouse  Yard.) 

Pieces  of  doucet ;  white  smooth  shirt  flannel,  all  wool ; 

plaid  shirt   flannel,   white;    gauze  flannels;    the   same, 

scarlet;    cashmere,  all  wool;   twilled  fine  shirt  flannel, 

white;  9ioltong. 

716  Webeb,  Ernst,    Oera,  Sews — Manufacturer. 

(Agent  in  London,  Mr.  Charles  Holland,  41 
Fmsbuiy  Circus.) 
Woollen  plain  stuff  goods. 
Thibet ;  satin  burber,  and  mousseline-de-laine. 
Woollen  stufl^,  figured  and  printed.    Chequered  and 
plain  square  printed  table-covers. 


717  Weiss,  jun.,  &  Co.,  Langensalza — Manufacturers. 
Specimens  of  worsted  yam  spun  from  Prussian  wool ; 

used  for  Thibets,  alepines,  bareges,  cashmeres,  mousseline- 
de-laines,  and  similar  stufs. 

Zephyr  yams  employed  for  embroideries,  shawls,  and 
similar  articles. 

718  ZiKHEBHAN,  Chbistian,  &  SoN,  Apotda,  Saxe 

Weimar — ^Manufacturers.    (Agent  in  London, 
Mr.  Charles  Holland,  41  Finsbury  Circus.) 
Various  cotton  and  woollen  hosiery  and  fancy  articles. 
Woollen  carpets,  rugs,  muffs,   boas,  mantellas,  caps, 
socks,  rufiles,  mittens  Imed  with  skin,  &c. 


719       SCHEIBE,  GusTAV,  Qera — Manufacturer. 

Tanned  horse  and  calf  skin  for  sole-leather.    Exhibited 
for  softness  and  elasticity. 


720  Weissfloo,  Eenbt  Fbiedbioh,  Gfera,  Betus — 

Manufacturer.    (Agent  in  London,  Mr.  Ben- 
jamin Ghrus,   1   Sambrook  Court,   Basinghall 
Street.) 
Specimens  of  Thibet,  and  satin  de  laine;   the  same 
figured.    Piece  of  embroidery  on  velvet. 

721  DiBECTOBS  OF  THE  Hebfobd  Pbison,  Wettphalia 

— Manufacturers. 

Various  specimens  of  carpeting,  linen,  furniture  cover- 
ing, and  fancy  works ;  including  carpeting,  entirely  of  cow 
hiur;  linen;  double  linen,  with  dama^  pattern;  and 
chequered  fiumiture  covering. 

String  basket ;  hemp  and  string  ladies'  bags. 

Papier  mach^  case,  ornamented  with  straws. 

722  HOBNIO,  C.  E.,  JnMwiTkrAr— Manufacturer. 
Samples  of  flax  and  tow. 

723  MOlleb,  August  Fbieobich,  Muhlhausen — 

Manu&cturer. 

Ladies*  cloakings,  crimson,  blue,  scarlet,  green,  grey, 
black  and  white,  and  plain  mixture. 

Flag  cloth.  Estamin  for  cartridges,  sackdoth,  and 
plush-caps,  &c^  all  wool. 


724  Ubbait,  August,  Oandersheinty  Brunswick — 

Manufacturer. 

Damask  table-linen,  composed  of  table-cloth  and  nap- 
kins, made  of  a  hand-web,  prepared  from  a  yam  reaped  and 
spun  in  the  vicinity  of  Gandersheim. 

Sample  of  linen  made  of  English  machine-yam. 

725  Baueb  &  FOebbbingeb,  Oera^  Beuss — 

ManufEhcturers. 
Woollen  and  half-silk  goods ;  including,  Thibet,  Cash- 
mere, &c.,  handkerchiefs,  shawls,  and  sc^irfs,  in  various 
colours.    Wool  muslin,  sky  blue. 

726  BoDEMEB,  J.,  jun.  Eilenhurg — Manufacturer. 
Half  wool  muslin ;  jaconet  de  laine,  half  wool ;  challis, 

aU  wool ;  muslin  and  cachemire  d'Ecosse. 

727  BbSesel,  Eduabd,  Chreiz — Manufacturer.    (Agent 

in  London,  J.  Kemp,  7a  Basinghall  Street.) 

Peruvian  bord^.     Thibet.     Carnation,  light-blue  and 

black.    Cachemere  green  Isly.     Mousseline-de-laine  wine 

green  and  lisht-blue.      Jacquard  kalL     Calabria  pens^, 

drab  and  dark-green.    Satin-de-laine.    Drab  satin  crois^. 

728  Bauch,  F.  T.,  Oreiz,  jggw^^— Manufacturer. 

Thibet,  green  and  drab;  cashmere,  nacarra;  satin, 
nacarra ;  mousseline-de-laine  shawls. 


729  Lucius,  J.   C,  &  Co.,    BrfStrt — Manufjewjturers. 

(Agents  in  London,  Schmuck,  Somlay,  &  Co.) 
An  assortment  of  damasks  for  fiimiture,  woollen,  and 

worsted  weft ;  silk-spun  warp,  worsted  weft ;  amaranthe, 

cotton  warp  and  silk  weft. 

Scottish  dresses,  cotton  warp  and  worsted  weft ;  fiincy 

dresses,  Columbia. 

Tartan  plaid ;    soft  tartan  plaid ;  coutet,  cotton  and 

linen,  Turkey-red;    cotton  ana  linen,  blue  and  white; 

strainin  cords,  cotton  and  worsted. 

730  Macht,  H.  W.,  Zeulenroda — Manufacturer.  (Agents 

in  London,  GK>ttsclialk  &  Schrdder,  72  Basing- 
hall Street.) 
Shoe-stufis  of  cotton  mixed  with  wool ;  wooUen  gar- 
ments ;  |;arments  of  linen  mixed  with  cotton,  and  of  wool 
mixed  with  cotton. 


731  MoBAiTD  &,  Co.,    OerOf  Beuss — Manufacturers. 

(Agent    in    London,    Mr.    Charles    Holland, 

41  Finsbury  Circus.) 
Half-silk  goods :  alepine ;  alepine  satin ;  Zanella  electo- 
rate.   Comb- wool  stuffs :  Thibet ;  tiosa  Cachemere ;  Cache- 
mere  d'Ecosse ;   mousseline-de-laine;    satin   d*£spagne ; 
NapoUtaine ;  drap  d*et^ ;  and  cuir  de  laine. 

732  ScHBAiDT  &  Co.,  Coburg — Manufacturers. 
Drills,  grey  and  coloured ;  half-linen,  for  trousers  and 

stays.  Bed-ticking  and  cotton,  red  and  white,  and 
Turkey-red  (yam- warp).  The  driUa  are  all  of  cotton-warp 
and  linen-shot ;  the  Turkey-red  yams  dyed  by  the  exhi- 
bitors. 

733  Schweitzeb  &  Helleb,  Oreiz,  Bueu — 

Manufacturers. 
Specimens  of  Thibet  black  stuff;  Cachemere,  atlas-olive 
and  black ;  mandarine,  lilac  and  mode. 


734     WiEOAND,  Ebnst,  Erfkrt — Manufacturer. 

Double  damask  cover,  with  red  silk  fringe.  On  the 
right  side  a  white  cotton  warp  and  silk  shoot,  on  the  other 
an  orange  cotton  warp  and  blue  wool  shoot.  The  patterns 
are  altogether  different,  and  both  warps  are  clos^  inter- 
woven with  each  other. 


735     BucHiTEB,  August,  Erfkrt — Manufacturer. 
Large  gaiter-boots,  various. 
Lilac  velvet  gaiter-boots. 
Scrgo  and  cordovan  shoes. 


PRUSSIA.— SAXON  DUCHIES.— THURINGIA.— BRUNSWICK,  &o. 


1091 


736      Ekckx,  Fbavz,  C^era,  Seust 
Skins  for  light  and  black  bridles. 
Pair  of  tops  for  boots. 
Ornamental  table-cover. 


-MaDufacturer. 


737      KBAinni  &  Baldamtb,  Magdeburg.     (Agent  in 

London,  Mr.  Schaefer.) 
Skin  of  black  smooth  leather.    Brown  and  light  bridle- 
made  of  G^erman  skins,  and  curried  with  oak-tan. 


738  Kbetschmann,  H.  W.,  Eiaenburg^  Duchy  of 

Scuee  AUenburg — Manufacturer. 
Shoe  stufls.    Stramin    cord    and  woollen    shoe-cord. 
Lsuiiea'  and  gentlemen's  shoe-tops,  various. 

739  Laitgx,  Fbedsbick,  Halle — Manufacturer. 
Lady's  saddle  complete,  with  bridle,  hind-piece,  and  fore- 

p«i ;  gentleman's  saddle ;  saddle-tree,  complete,  with  the 
exception  of  the  leather-work.  Made  according  to  a  new 
method.  

740  LuroiTHAL,  Gottlob,  JSrfitrt — Manufiacturer. 
Calf  leather  boots ;    enamelled  boots,  and  boots  for 

buttoning,  Ac      

741  BAinriOEB,  J.  L.,  &  Sons,  AUenburg^  Duchy 

of  Saaee  AUenlmrg — Mauu£M!turerB. 
Coloured  lamb-skins.      Fine    leather    gloves.     Djod 
Iraf  bar  samples. 

742  SCHXiBSy  Hebbmak  Lebbecht,  Oera^  Eeuss 

— Manufacturer. 
Specimens  of  tanned  calf-skins.    Exhibited  for  softness 
and  durability. 

743  SoFDEBMANN,  W.,  EffuH — Manufacturer. 
Machine  or  cylinder  parchment.      Parchment   skins, 

lor  printing  or  writing  upon,  and  drum  calf-skins. 

744  Webbb,  C.  F.,  Langensalza — Manufiacturer. 
Smoothing-tree  for  kid  leather.    Exhibited  for  its  elas- 
ticity, durabiUty,  and  retaining  its  shape. 

745  WiEOAND,  F.,  Erfurt — Manufacturer. 
Serge  and  brown  leather  shoes  and  serge  boots. 
Tarnished  leather  clogs.     Stuff  shoes  with  caoutchouc. 

The  shoes  are  of  English  serge-do-Berry,  varnished 
Mayencc,  calf  leather,  "  bronze  "  leather  from  Paris,  and 
••visite"  leather. 

The  elastic  caoutchouc  material  is  manufactured  by 
Mr.  J.  L.  Baempler. 

[The  manufacture  of  leather  in  the  Zollverein  differs 
from  that  of  other  countries,  inasmuch  as  the  Icatlier 
manufacturers  of  Gkrmany  are,  generally  speaking,  bent 
upon  attaining  to  an  equal  degree  of  perfection  in  every 
branch  of  this  department  of  industry,  whereas  foreign 
establishments  usually  cultivate  only  one  branch  of  it. 
The  maximum  of  exports  under  this  head  reaches  a  sum 
of  1,116,000  thalcrs  per  annum,  and  is  derived  not  only 
frtjm  the  well-known  manufactures  of  the  Rhenisli  pro- 
vinoes  and  of  "Westphalia,  from  the  morocco  leather  and 
^lixcd  or  enamelled  leather  manufactures  of  Mayence, 
Bavaria,  and  Berlin,  but  also  from  those  of  shoes  and 
ploves  in  many  parts  of  the  Zollverein,  which  have  found 
for  themselves  a  market  in  almost  everj'  foreign  country.] 

740     Gbap,  II.,  Duchy  of  Saxe  Altenhurg — Bookbinder. 

Altar-Bible,  with  30  large  8teel-])latc  engravings,  in 
vif)kt  leather,  and  covers  and  lining  gilt  internally  and 
externally. 

747        KObnkb,  G.  WiLiiELM,  Erfurt — Music-Si'ller. 

Organ  music,  Bach.  Tlie  Young  Organ -master.  Compo- 
sitions fur  the  Organ,  v.  vols. — Fischer.  Choral-book,  i.  ii. 
— Komer.  The  Perfect  Organ-player,  i.  ii.  The  Organist's 


Friend,  i.  to  viL — Kiihmstedt.  Op.  xxviii.  Bruck,  Fischer, 
Mendelssohn.  Album. — Tdpfer.  i.  Choral-book. — Ura- 
nia,   vi.  Annual  sets. 

[John  Sebastian  Bach  was  bom  at  Eisenach,  1686,  and 
died  circ.  1749.  Arnold  Yon  Bruck  was  a  composer  early 
in  the  16th  century.  GottHeb  Tdpfer  was  born  in  1792, 
at  -Niederossla.  Felix  Mendelssohn  Bartholdy  was  bom 
at  Berlm  on  the  3rd  February,  1809.  The  date  of  his 
lamented  death  is  recent  and  well  remembered. — H.E.D.] 

748  Beisseb,  Wm.,  Kothen — ^Bookbinder. 
Album  of  coloured  drawing-paper,  with  violet  margin, 

and  gilt  edge. 

749  Westeemajj,  Geobge,  Brunawich — Printer. ' 

"  European  Gtdlery,"  a  copper-plate  work,  bound  in 
red  leather.  Theplates  of  English  engraving.  "History 
of  the  Courts  of  v  alkenstein,"  also  bound  in  red  leather. 
The  printing,  paper,  and  type,  of  both  works  are  of  Gher- 
man  manu£aicture. 


750 


Ehbenbebg  &  Kichteb,  Eilenburg — 
Manufacturers. 
Coloured  caUco : — ^Blue,  orange,  rod,  green,  lilac,  brown 
and  red,  pink  and  crhnson.     Coloured  shirting. 

751  Albebti,  Miss  Friedebike,  Nauen — 

Manufacturer. 
Table-cover,  embroidered  with  silk,  chenille,  and  gold^ 
with  bouquet  of  flowers  and  white  stags. 

752  Gbossmanv,  Agnes,  WeissenfeU. 
Embroidered  carpet :  principal  design,  "  the  discoveiy 

of  Moses  in  the  ark  of  bmrushee. ' 


t) 


753        GoTTSCHALK,  J.  A.,  Erfurt — Manufacturer. 

Gaiter-boots,  satin,  and  lasting.     Satin  and  japanned 
shoes. 

Brown  kid-leather  shoes.     Lasting,  leather,  and  silk 
sewed  shoes. 

Japanned  and  lasting  gcntlemcn^s  boots. 

Children's   boots   for   buttoning  and  lacing.     Infants 
shoes. 

Horse-leather  gentlemen's  boots. 


754  Israel,  Cns.,  Erfurt — Manufacturer. 
Extra  superfine  four-seamed  plush  caps. 
Hand-knitting  work. 

Tuck,  plain,  and  pointed  caps. 

755  Krockeb,  Chr.  Fr.,  &  Son,  Zculenroda — 

Manufacturers. 
A  variety  of  women's  stockings  and  half-hose. 

756  Schmidt,  Wilhelm's  Sons,  Zerbst — 

Manufact  urers. 

Silk  hats ;  beaver  hats ;  and  long  and  short-haired 
beavers,  white. 

The  beaver  hats  are  made  of  pure  nipen  hair;  the 
white  beaver  hat  of  German  white  long  hair. 


757  ScilOPPER,  H.,  ZfWf nro</rt — Manufactiuvr.   (Agent 

in   London,  \Villiam    Meyerstein,    15  Watling 
Street.) 
Specimens  of  ladies'  and  gentlemen's  cotton  and  tliread 
stockings.  

758  SCHOPPER,  C.  F.,  Zeulenroda^   Heu^x — Manufac- 

turer.     (Agents  in    London,  A.  Gottsehalk  & 
Seliroder,  72  Basingliall  Street.) 
Women's  bro^^-n  and  white  hose,  and  men's  brown  half- 
hose,  made  of  English  twij<t. 

759  "Wedendorfer  Brothers,  Zeulenroda^  Seuss — 

Mauufai^urers. 
Men  and  women's  wliite  and  brown  cotton  hose,  two 
and  tlu^H)  threads.     Half-hose,  four  tlireads. 


PRUBBTA.— SAXON  DUCHIES.— THUBINQI A. —BRUNSWICK,  &c. 


760       Baum,  EnwiSD,  Cabarg — M»nu&ctarer. 

Stoye  of  poluhed  inm  plate,  in  the  form  of  a  "  Knight 
in  full  annour,"  with  a  baae  of  caat-iron. 

Thii  itore  is  rqireaentad  in  the  a^oining  aohmm. 


761  BnxB  &  EuKzi,  al  Sobra,  m 

Hanufacturen. 
Pirqoeterie  iquarea  for  floon,  exhibited  for  worbuui- 

762  ElKEmm.,  Cooat  Q.,  Iron  Work;  LoHeUomner 


r  lAebeitKerda — 


OHt-inm  goods: — Btorea,  entunelled  kettlM,  pota,  milb- 
caiu,  horae-maiiKer,  tus. 

Ornamental  bnmie  casts: — Water-drawer.  Bust  of 
the  Prince  of  Prussia.    Polar  bean,  monkt^s,  tigen,  tm. 

Nos.  21,  22,  23,  and  24,  2&,  26,  were  modelled  I^  the 
sune  artist  in  the  years  1S19  and  I860,  all  from  linng 
origin^  and  all  in  the  London  Zoological  Gardens  except 
the  last.  


763  FLnsoHXANii,  A.,  3oiui«b«iy,  Saxv  Meimiyat— 
Maoufimturer.  (Ajient,  Ab.  Joseph  Kendall,  8 
Harp  Lane,  Great  Tower  Street,  London.) 

An  ^Ugire,  with  dde  pieoesi  tables,  with  studs  of 
vines,  wlueh  foim  an  arbour;  the  branches  supportin- 
two  strong  glass  plates,  forming  a  chiffonni^re.  Dmwinj, 
of  otiwr  articles  of  iumitiire.  Theae  artiolea  are  termed 
bj  the  exhibitor  "Paxton  fUmitnni,"  and  are  chieflj 
oompoaed  of  iron  and  glass,     (ProTininiallj  registered.) 

Looking-^Bse  frante^  with  ^ass. 

Madonna  and  bracket,  bronied. 

Knights  rarion^  bronied. 

Bnmied  and  gilt  brackets,  in  the  Roman,  Greek,  B;- 
cantine,  Oothle,  and  renaissance  styles,  Ac,  bnmsed  and 
wood-coloured. 


1,  wood-oolourad. 

Pair  of  architeotursl  ornaments  in  the  renaissance  style. 

An  assortment  of  animals,  in  wood  colour. 

Dagurareotype  frames. 

Assortment  of  medallions,  in  horn  frames. 

Various  serptrntine  stone  mug  and  cups,  boxes,  aross, 
and  goblet,  with  medaJlioni. 

A  lustre,  composed  of  p^)ieT  mach^  representing 
Jullien's  comic  concert,  with  20  musicians,  modelled  by 
Sacbsenwagcr.     (Prorisionally  registered.) 

764     Heykr  ft  Wbibi>,  Buocessors  to  STOBWAsna, 
Smiutoici — Uaaufkcturer. 

'The  Bummer's 
I  Tinker,"  afl«r  Uieris. 


Japanned  te«-ti>je,  with  pict 
Bvemng,"  after  NickolL    "  I^e  ' 


8t)0>^"  after  PleiflbT. 


765  PlKOLBB,  Q,  &Uns — Manufacturer. 
Ifight-clocka.  Drcuing-glassca.  Lamp.  Candle-screen. 
Table-candlesticks ;  screen-candlesticks.  Candle-screens. 
Plated  tinder-boies,     Uatith-boiee.    ^Fumigating  i 

"Trerelling-candlesticks.  Stallsur-lamps."  Bottle-ooAs. 
Boot-Jacks.    Tinder-boiee,  Oemuui  silyer. 

766  StObqbn  &  Klsbhaiw,  EiJkH — Manu&cturere. 
BiBss  sliding,  or  staff  lamp. 

767  Walucz,  AuovsT,  )r«'m<>«^  Manufacturer. 

(Agent  in  London,  —  Collmann.) 
Broase  jewcl-boi  in  the  Byuntine  iljlts  pnrtlj  gilt 
and  partly  silvered. 


768     BAsHmiQ,  Cabi.,   Braanla^,  AmuKwt— Manu- 
facturer.     (Agents  in  London,  Hessn.  A.  &  P. 
Joseph  Heyen  i.  Co.,  IM  Leadenhall  Street.) 
Ekieeimens  of  glx*  (flinders. 
Rate  glass  i  plate  ^ass,  wiUi  p 


*  UAKDISH   TAbLK  TUP,    I 


OOUtrt  BTOLBEBO-inUtNIOBHODE.      OiSBIIBUna   FOUNDKY,    ZOU-VEKltlN. 


PRUSSIA.-^AXON  DUCHIEa.— THUKINGIA.— BRDNSWICK,  Sec. 


1003 


DmtUe  bcBTn't-tBil  tUea  oud  giitivr^tilei  orgksi. 

Bowed  plate  oUm. 

The  glws  C7luule»  eihibit  the  pkte-gUss  in  its  lioIT- 
■niahcd  Btatc,  before  opening  out,  siid  are  ■>□!;  eihibit«<l 
to  *ho»  the  NM  md  puril;  of  tJie  plutc-gUig.  The  nm- 
tcriale  Ibr  tbe  maniilactiire,  mntiatine  of  white  sand, 
qnarta,  md  chalk,  ue  found  in  the  noigbbonrtiood. 


769  BoLH,  Caul,  fimwicii'it— M&uu&cturer. 

Tea'kcttle,  tea-pot,  and  milk-jug,  of  brui,  nmniiDu^lurcd 
■ad  otnamented  br  band. 


770       HiOtw,  (Vo»),  A.,  ^r/fcrf— Msnufiicturor. 

Wnting  chiffbnni^re,  of  valnut-treo  wood,  in  tlie  reiittie- 
■aaceitfle.  The  earring-work  a  neither  japanned  nur  var- 
Buhed.  ^le  interior  aming«micnt  is  in  mEtal  marquetene- 
«a*fc  tni  ctrviag,  with  accR't  drawen,  and  plan  of  the 
^BK^  The  marqueterie'WOTk  ii  of  aQrcr,  oopper,  bnia, 
iraiT,aadBiotiiAr-of-p«rL  Theslobia  formed  of  difforent 
nrta  of  wood ;  and,  b;  tcuchijig  ita  lock,  a  reetiptat'le  for 


T71  HnsBiCB,  G.,  i^i<f — Manufocturrr. 

1  jToting-glaM  i  the  irame  of  carton-pierrc,  with  gilding 
md  iroij  loedallioni. 


772  HnnmcKO,  F.  E.,  Sl  Co.,  OafAu— Manuiactunsrs. 

A  iBdj*!  work-tahle,  inlaid  with  porcelain  plates  and 
Ana  painting.  Tbe  oupenter's  work  and  carving  sketched 

A  fruit-batket  on  a  pillAr,  with  gold  omamente  on  blue 


A  tam-tzmj,  with  a  group,  "  The  Fishennaa'a  Family," 


d  dMOiation. 

A   tea-nerrioc,  while  and  gill,  coueiating  of  I  my,  jug, 
tea-pot,  ilop-baaii],  tTHim-jiig,  sugar-buwl,  riips,  and  auu- 

White  mpi  and  aancero,  iii  varioua  shajipa. 
The  materials  usikI  in  tlit  mnniifactuni  of  tLe  porcelain 
are  all  the  produce  of  the  countrj. 

773     HomiFiaTEE,  TiioMifl,  *.  BKHBEsa,  T.,  Cobvrg — 

Hanufactun.T».  (Agent,  JoH.'phKcmliUl,  HUarii 

Lane,  Orcal  Tower  Street,  London.) 

Oak  eiilehoard,  decorated  with  curved  work,  in  Iho  true 

Grrman-Oolhic  style  of  the  middle  age,  and  omomcnlcd 

with  bnjwn  plush. 

Four  canal  oak  Ootluc  ann-chairs,  of  tlie  some  work 

■ad  stjle.  _____^_ 

I,  S<we 


r4         IlrrrEB  A  WolfeBMjN!!,  .SeAiaulin, 

-</(rj.iiirj— MuTiufiut  rnvm. 
A  Tarielv  of  faix-y  and  oninmental  snuff-boics,  Ac.,  i: 
■he,  tonoisealiell,  &p. 


77,"f      Ptff,  WlLiriLW,  CuiHr/;— Manufncturer.  (AgrnI, 
JuM-ph    KcniUll,   H   jlurp    Lnii.',    Qrcal  Tuwci 
SInvl,  London.) 
Table  in  tlu'  ohl  Gi-rman  tlyle,  will)  iiduid  work,  in  the 
nal  u™!  (Xilou™  of  1  ill-  wood. 


SCIIIUF,  ClIKI'^TlA! 


iniall,  J 


777    SciIKu>ER,  ('.,  Aiilall,  Ber 

Ornamimtal    draueht.bourtl,   c 

kiiut^miod,  Toecwood,  cbeatuul. 


Imrg — Jf an  iifarl  urrr. 
iielun,  maliogany,  and 


778      Aesoldi,  0,  E.  &  F.,  Elgrrtlmrg,  Zhuki/  of 
Coburg,  Golha — MaDufoctiuvr*. 

FhamuweuticBliDJ!trum<nits,crucibleB,me»eure»,iunDcl«, 
walcr-pi[]e9,  mortars,  rctortH,  llllers,  evaporating  disluM 
and  basins,  ic.,  made  of  earths  and  clay  found  intbeThu- 

riogian  foreit. 

770       SroLDBBa  uia  WasinsQBHODK,  Bar!  of, 
Ilienbnrg  JVBiirfry. 

1.  A  Gothic  Tose,  intended  for  water  to  play  &om  the 
opening  in  the  centre  of  the  basin,  and  slioiiTng  an 
attempt  to  produce  a  vase  in  the  Gothic  style.  Remark- 
able for  the  superiority  uf  the  figured  castings,  the  bronxe 
painting,  and  the  chcapneBS  of  the  flniahed  article. 

This  rase  is  represented  in  the  anuuied  cut : — 


Eul  orStalbsTK'i  OnlUe  Vtm. 

2.  A  window-frame,  remarkable  for  its  lot^  sIec,  and 
the  perfection  of  the  casting ;  the  difficulty  Wing  to  pre- 
viinl  its  breaking,  from  contraction  in  eoolmg. 

3.  A  garden.tahle,  with  Gothic  flgunKl  board  and  stand. 
Tlic  boanl  cast  of  one  piece. 

Tliia  table  is  rciiTV»en(ed  in  the  Philc  152. 

4.  A  marble  table,  with  cast-iron  stand  ;  a  B[>ecimen  of 
llic  quality  of  the  marble  from  the  iiuncs  in  tlie  neigh- 
boiirliooil  of  Ilscnburg. 

5.  A  Corintliian  and  a  Gothic  atove  :  an  sBniplcs  of  the 
iK-rfwlion  of  the  casliitgn,  lUc  style  and  clieapiicsa  of  Iho 
fltii^hed  article. 

a.  stags  and  beam':  a<  samples  of  a  cnsting  from  a 
real  slag's  head,  for  model. 

T.  Two  dwr.hmds  ;  also  cast  from  n-ol  head*. 

K.  Sicv.Tal  orliili-s  of  art  and  ingenuity,  inchiding  a 
■    '  •    "  '       '  *-)  show  Ihe  Bbar|>ni '■'— 


"tmg. 


,  for  model.    A  wild 
nodelled  from  natiuv. 


7S0    Tub  Dvcil  ¥ovvdu<c  I.xbi-ectios,  RiMand, 
idTHUK^rt^Manufik;!  ure  ra. 
Marble  shib«,  made-  of  Iho  marble  foimd  near  RiiUlaml, 
priiir-i|>ally  bhtek,  gray,  and  red.     It  is  obtained  in  blocka 
of  nbe  feet  in  biigth,  aad  Sre  belt  in  breadth. 


1094 


PRUSSIA.-^AXON  DUCHIES.— THURINGIA.— BRUNSWICK,  &c. 


Two  cast-iron  stereotype  plates,  and  a  Bible  printed 
from  the  same.    • 

[The  slabs  of  marble  here  exhibited  are  of  excellent 
quality  and  considerable  size.  They  are  from  quarries  of 
great  extent,  and  the  obtaining  and  polishing  the  marble 
is  a  source  of  occupation  to  a  large  population  in  part  of 
the  duchy  of  Brunswick. — D.  T.  A.] 


781  RoEMFLBB,  J.  S.,  Effurt — Manu&cturer. 
India-rubber  elastic  braces  and  watch-guards. 

Silk  and  half-silk  shoe  stuffs,  mixed  with  India-rubber ; 
shoes  made  of  the  same  material  The  materials  employed 
are  caoutchouc,  with  cotton  and  silk  from  Italy  and 
England.  Exhibited  for  superior  quality,  cheapness,  and 
new  design. 

782  Wambb,  Eenbt,  &  Sok,  Brumtnck— 

Manufacturers. 
Two  ea^  chairs,  and  paper-basket,  in  basket-work,  var- 
nished. 

783  SOHBBIBBB,  J.  C.  G.,  Mersthwrg — Manufiicturer. 
A  large  superfine  dressing-case,  inlaid  with  silycr.    A 

variety  of  dressing-cases.     Oval,  round,  seed,  and  sundiy 
boxes.    Yinting-oards.    Albums,  &c 


784  ZixGLEB     Bbothsbs,     Buhla  —  Manu£EK!turer8. 

(Agent  in  London,  Mr.  C.  Holland,  41  Finsbury 

Circus.) 
Tobacco  pipes  and  bowls.    Real  meerschaum  bowls, 
carved  imd  plain ;  imitation  meerschaum  bowls. 
Wood  and  day  pipes  and  bowls,  and  china  pipes. 
Seal  meerschaum  howls,  coloured  by  being  boiled  in  oil. 

785  Bokschb,  C.  J.,  Magdeburg — ^Producer. 
Models.    The  cathedral  at  Magdeburg,  with  aU  the  ex- 
terior and   interior  ornaments,  made  of  limetree-wood, 
induding  the  tomb  of  Bishop  Ernest.    The  roof  of  the 
Cathedral 

The  beautiful  fountain  at  Niiremberg,  by  SchOnhofiar. 
Original  model  of  a  spring. 

786  Jacob,  Hbhtsich,  8chm6U»,  Duchy  of  8axe  Alieih 

hwrg,   (Agent  in  London,  Mr.  Theodor  Winckler, 
16  Sidney  Street,  Commercial  Road,  East.) 
An  oil-painting  on  iron  plate,  fire-japanned  and  var- 
nished, representmg  **  IdyV  painted  after  Nicholas  Ber- 
chem ;  another,  representmg  "  St  Magdalen,"  painted  after 
Maes. 

787  Jaoobt,  F.  a.,  Bruntwich — Modeller.    (Agents 
in  London,  Messrs.  Jonas,  Simonson,  ^  CoJ 

Silver  hunting-cup,  with  embossed  and  chased  work. 
Lion^s  head  (marble-plaster).  A  cast-iron  horse,  in  a 
leaping  attitude,  as  a  head-piece  to  a  dock.  C^t-iron 
horse.  

788  Stooehan,  W.,  &  Co.,  Brunwoioh — ManufMsturers. 
Tarnished  paiatinffs  on  tin-plates,  in  gilt  frames. — 

*<  The  Education  of  Mary,*'  after  Rubens.  **  Madonna, 
called  La  Perla,"  after  Raphael  "  The  Yirnn  of  Madrid," 
after  Murillo.  "The  Messenger,**  after  KidiBch.  '*Ne- 
rila,**  after  Andr& 

789  TsOMPLBifAirN,  AuauBT,  iZfei»5t(f^A— Modeller. 
Pictures  and  transparendes. 

790  Yereik,  LAia>wiBTH8CHAFnjCHXB,  SangerKauten 

— Producer. 
Samples  of  seed  and  hemp. 


791    Zm^ja^JLCU,  BaguKn,  Duchg  of  AiihdU  DeMtau 

— Manufacturer. 
Specimens  of  woollen  doth. 


792  Hauch,  a.,  Halle  on  the  Saale — Manufacturer. 
Specimens  of  sundry  articles  mauufactured  from  hemp, 

consisting  of  pouches,  bell-pulLs,  saddle-girths,  &c. 

793  Bauch,    p.    T.,    Oreiz,    Beuss  —  Manufacturer. 

(Agents  in  London,  Messrs.  H.  Oppenheim  k 
Co.,  15  Addle  Street,  City.) 
Various  pieces  of  Thibet,  green  and  drab ;  cashmere, 
nacarra ;   satin,  nacarra ;  mousseUDe-de-Lune  shawls. 

794  Kaubohb,  G.,  Brunswick — Inventor  and 

Manufacturer. 
Sundry  fimcy  artides,  embroidered  with  gold,  silk  em- 
broideiy,  silver,  pearls,  &c. 

795  KxTEHirEMTJin),  J.  Q-.,  Bonnehurg — Manufacturer. 
An  improved  harrow. 

796  Lrx  Bbothbbs,  Buhla,  Saxe  Ootha — 

Manufacturers. 
A  laige  assortment  of  meerschaum  and  other  pipes. 

797  Wbimab*8  Son,  Jena — Manufacturer. 

Pour  pieces  of  ^astique  for  overcoats,  made  from  raw 
Thuringian  wool. 

798  Habbass,  p.,  A**^— Manufiicturer. 
Sundiy  artides  made  of  wood. 

799  BuBBACH  Bbothbbs,  k  Co.,   Eoereelgau,  near 

Ootha — ^Manufiicturers.     (Agent  in  London,  T. 
Peterson,  Water  Lane.) 
Two  pieces  of  woven  fire-engine  hose,  made  from  German 
and  Italian  hemp. 


800  Sblbitka,  J.,  Brunswick — Inventor  and 

Manufiicturer. 
Gilt  and  fimcy  leather  and  paper  artides,  portfolio. 

801  Blanoke,  E.,  Naumburg — Manufkcturer. 
Double-barrelled  gun ;  joint  bullet  rifle,  with  all  appur- 
tenances. 

802  Sommebmetbb  &  Co,,Ifagdeburg — Inventors 

and  ManuJhcturers. 
Iron  fire-proof  safe,  with  double  doors,  of  a  novd  con- 
struction.   

803  Geaot,  W.,  lf5i«?*«»Ao^— Producer. 
Stuffed  sheep.    Pleece  of  wool. 

804  A88O0IATIOK  OF  MAinrFACTTBEBS  at  Sownenberg^ 

Duchg  of  Saxe  Coburg  and  Ootha, 
Tableau  of  plastic  work  representing  a  rural  £lte,  held 
at  Castle  Florence,  the  country  palace  of  the  Duke  of 
Saxe-Coburg  GK>tha,  the  residence  of  H.M.  the  Queen 
when  on  a  visit  to  the  Duke,  and  the  place  where  H.R.H. 
Prince  Albert  was  bom.  This  tableau  contains  about 
400  moving  figures,  bands  of  music,  &c. 

805  HnTBGHENBETTHEB's,  F.  A.,  k  S0K8,  Wollendofff 

— Manufiicturers. 
Specimens  of  glass,  consisting  of  a  lustre,  sailing-vessel, 
fruit-basket,  grape-basket,  and  strawberry-basket. 


806  ScHBAMH,  J.  L.  F.,  Dessau — Manu&cturer. 

Samples  of  oil  for  watches,  prepared  from  vegetable 
substances.  

807  DiBTBiCH  k  Son,  PoeMiMcit— Manufiek^turer. 
Specimens  of  flannel  of  different  colours. 

808  GOBBEL,  F.  D.,  7ra/Z«M2or/f---Manufiftcturer. 
An  assortment  of  artides  in  porcelain  and  glass. 

809  Schmidt,  C.  H.,  Poessneck — Manufiicturer. 

Twdve  coloured  transparencies  for  lights,  consisting  of 
a  wax  composition,  with  frames. 


,.  Kumz.    «.»«»»"■  ">■»"■ 


PBU8SIA.— SAXON  DUCHIES.— THUMNGIA.- BRUNSWICK,  &o. 


1095 


810  BxTBCKHAHDT  Brothsbs,  ^^/ifW— IiiTentors  and 

Manufacturers. 
Four  paintingB  on  glass,  consisting  of  a  Madonna,  tlie 
H<^  Familj,  both  after  Baphael ;  the  Holy  Family,  after 
Tazidjke ;  and  a  Madonna,  aft»r  Murillo. 

811  SCHITLZ,  L.  W.,  Metmnffef^—lnYefator  and  Carver. 
An  anoitment  of  sundiy  iyory  cups,  and  other  works  of 


[It  is  in  Qermanj  only  that  those  finished  imd  highly- 
artiaCical  works,  caired  in  iyory,  are  produced  at  low 
prices.  Ccmsequently,  the  whole  trade  in  this  branch 
of  mdufltrial  production  may  be  said  to  be  in  G^erman 
boads.  The  magnificent  works  may  here  be  more  parti- 
colufy  instanced  that  haye  been  forwarded  from  Wessen, 
Woztemberg,  Nassau,  and  Meiningen.] 

812  Huhig,  J.  G.,  &  Sons,  .ti^^M^vfy— Manu&cturers. 
Samples  of  string  and  twine. 

813  Fosas,  G.,  ^a^2e— Producer. 
HamplfM  of  bristles. 

814  Daujjijum,  J.,  Salzwedel — Manufacturer. 
An  aasortment  of  cotton  goods. 

815  CoHTA  &  BoKHics,  Poessneck,  Saxe  Meimnget^— 

Inrentors  and  Porcelain  Manufactiurers.    (Agent 
in  London,  J.  XendaU,  8  Harp  Lane,  Great 
Tower  Street.) 
Simdiy  articles  of  glass,  porcelain,  &c.    Assortment  of 
duna  ornaments. 


816  Bbuhx  k  Nasoleb,  (?era— Manufiicturers. 
Various  assortment  of  woollen  goods. 

817  KnofiB,  W.  L.,  Widow,  Weiuemee^ 

Manu&cturer. 
Sundry  toys  and  &ncy  articles. 

818  SoioiEB,  C.  F.,  JFr/ttf^— Manufacturer. 

Two  money-bags,  with  and  without  seam,  of  Thuringian 
flax  and  hand-wearing. 

819  WiBxn,  F.  E.,  ir«-*tf6ttr^— Manufacturer. 

A  large  collection  of  patterns  of  cane  and  whalebone 
whips  for  driying. 

820  BoDKfEB  k  Co.,  -E»7e»^Mry— Manufacturers. 
Various  assortment  of  cotton  goods. 

821  JAinrABCH,  H.,  Bernburg — Manufjacturer. 

An  assortment  of  earthenware,  consisting  of  a  vase, 
waier-pots,  cofiee-pot,  and  flower-pots. 

822  ViEWEO  k  Son,  -Brwiwiric*— Printers. 
Sereral  works  printed  and  published  by  the  exliibitors, 

consisting  of  Graham's  Chemistry,   Henle's   Pathology, 
and  Knap's  Technology. 

824       DiSSBL  k  Co.,  iSaa//e/<i— Manufacturers. 

A  variety  of  oil  colours,  water  colours,  Indian  ink,  and 
painters*  colours. 

82.5  CoflACC,  Joseph,  Armberg—VrodMCcr, 

L«ad  and  silver  ore,  sulphuret  of  lead,  and  sulphuret 
of  zinc  (blackjack). 

82^»  ArorsTiy,  II.  F.  L.,  7/rt/A<'rjr/<w//— Manufacturer. 

Sugar  of  lead  in  crystals,  bottom  pieces,  and  in  groups 
of  crystals. 

[Sugar  of  lead,  the  salt  of  Saturn  of  the  old  chemists,  is 
tlk*  acetate  of  lead,  and  i^  a  compound  of  acutic  acid  and 
oxide  of  lead.] 


827  Babbe  &  KOestbb,  IMhecJce — Manufacturers. 
Samples  of  wheat  starch. 

[Wheat,  or  common  starch,  is  obtained  by  steeping 
wheat  until  fermentation  has  taken  place,  and  the  gluten 
removed;  or,  still  better,  by  dissolving  out  the  gluten  with 
a  weak  solution  of  caustic  soda,  or  other  alkaline  liquor. 
The  starch  is  deposited  at  the  bottom  of  the  vessel,  and 
is  purified  by  washing  and  passing  through  fine  sieves,  to 
separate  the  bran. — ^W.  D.  L.  B.] 

828  MAEinrEL,  Feiedbich,  lF«**«t/fe;»— Manufiicturer. 
A  portfoUo  for  newspapers,  exhibited  for  the  novel  com- 
bination of  wood  and  mncy  work. 

830  Bachoten  k  Vollsohwitz,  SSerbH  —  Manufac- 

turers.    (Agents   in  London,  Brocklesby  and 
Wessels,  4  Moscovy  Court,  Tower-hill.) 
Samples  of  black  hat  plusl^  dyed  in  G^ermany.    The  silk 
imported  firom  Italy. 

831  Schmidt,  J.  C,  Srfkrt — Manu&cturer. 
Wax  baskets  and  flower^pots. 

832  BAedekbb,  JriJiTS,  Ulberfeld — Publisher. 

The  Holy  Bible,  for  church  and  family  use,  in  the  German 
language,  printed  in  very  small  type,  bound  and  unbound 
copies.  

833  Lakgneb,  H.,  Halherstadt — ^Manufacturer. 

Paletot  of  nilrz,  with  squirrel  heads  \  muff  and  victorine, 
firom  polecat.        

834  Boyal  Salt  Wobkb  at  Schoenehech^  near 

Magdeburg — Producer. 
Sample  of  common  salt,  fine  grain,  and  of  middling 
grain,  n-om  the  Koyal  Salt  Works  of  Schoenebeck. 


835     Abnold,  Cabl  Heinbich,  Hesae-Cauel — 

Manufacturer. 
Ornamental  paper-hangings  :    sized-pattem  papering; 
papering  with  rcpre«entation  of  German  sports;    satin 
hangings,  patterns  in  Tclvct  and  gold ;  patterns  of  middle 
quality  hangings  ;  patterns  of  common  hangings. 


836         Jannascu,  O.,  Bernburg — Proprietor. 

Samples  of  vinegar-spirit  and  medical  vinegar,  produced 
by  the  exhibitor. 


837  Detisse,  Napoleon,  Berlin — Artist. 

Column  in  Venetian  and  Florentine  mosaic,  mounted 
on  iron. 

Sphere  in  Venetian  and  Florentine  mosaic,  with  pedes- 
tal. 

Octagon  and  round  table,  with  feet  of  Florentine,  Ro- 
man, and  Venetian  mosaic,  enclosing  in  its  interior  a 
mechanical  contrivance. 

Scxagon  table,  in  Florentine,  Venetian,  and  Koman 
moRaic,  with  feet,  enclosing  in  its  interior  a  mechanical 
contrivance. 

Sphere,  containing  all  the  letters  of  the  alphabet,  in 
Venetian  and  Florentine  mosaic. 

Venetian  and  Florentine  column,  with  the  portrait  of 
ir.R.n.  Prince  Charles  of  Prussia,  basso-relievo  in  the 
centre,  mounted  on  iron. 


838        Srnrx  &  Mknkk,  Berlin — Upliolstcrers. 

A  highly-finishecl  bookcase,  the  front  of  nutwood,  the 
inside  of  oak,  with  bowed  glass  doors. 


839  Oebhaedt,  Al.,  ^er/i»— Cork-cutter. 

Pictures  and  articles  executed  in  cork- work  ;  witli  gold 
and  silver  clLasiiigs. 


1096 


PRUSSIA.— SAXON  DUCfflES.-THURINGIA.— BRUNSWICK,  &c. 


840  Waokeb,  J.,  k  Son,  Berlin — Jewellers. 
Table  ornament  in  shape  of  a  firuit-dish,  four  feet  and  a 

half  in  height,  representing  the  several  degrees  of  civiliza- 
tion among  mankind. 

This  ornament  is  represented  in  the  accompanying 
Plate. 

[In  the  department  of  burnished  works  in  gold  and 
sUver,  &c.,  the  Germans  are  excelled  by  the  prodigious 
opulence  and  splendour  of  England  and  France.  The 
German  market,  in  fact,  is  too  poor  and  too  contracted  to 
admit  of  its  maintaining  any  competition  in  this  branch 
of  industry  with  either  of  those  wealthy  countries.  But, 
in  point  of  taste  and  elaborate  and  scientific  execution, 
the  Zollverein  is  not  behind. 

Berlin,  Hanau,  and  Dresden,  have  furnished  contribu- 
tions to  the  Gbeat  Exhibition,  amply  sufficient  to  confirm 
this  opinion.  In  support  of  it,  attention  may  be  directed 
to  the  silver  work  by  the  present  exhibitor  which  stands 
before  the  Zollverein  Central  HalL] 

841  ZiiTZ,  J.  F.,  Berlin — ^Funrier. 

A  blue-grey  paletot,  lined  with  the  skin  of  the  Virginian 
pole-cat. 

A  camiul  of  nun  tails,  consisting  of  6,891  pieces,  with 
li^t-coloured  silk  lining. 

842  Blaiteeksteik,  PoUdam — ^Inventor. 
Kosewo&d  box,  with  carved  frame,  for  gloves. 

843  ScHiTBB,  Dr.,  &  KdHBDra,  BramdetJmrg, 
Chemical  productions. 

844  ZSOHIIXB,  J.  C.  &  K.,  FranJf(i}rt'(m'ihe-Oder 

(31  Finsbuiy  Square) — Manufiusturers. 
Difierent  samples  of  woollen  cloths. 

845  Latebdttbe,  BreeUmy  Sculptor,  imd  YoK 

MiNiTTOLi,  Councillor,  LeignUz, 
Twenty-two  patterns  of  various  Silesian  marbles,  from 
a  newly-discovsred  quarry. 

846  Fbiedenthal,  C,  G^ieimoiMMcIof/— Producer. 
Newly-invented  lasting  dried  powdered  yeast,  by  the 

exhibitor.  

847  KiBUCAmr,  Pomm,  Mason ;  and  Yon  Minutoli, 

LeigwUz, 
Three  mosaic  floors  in  the  old  Roman  style^  of  marble 
chips  and  glass  paste,  for  flooring. 

848  Gebjltthb,  C.  J.,  KSm^tberff — ^Manufiusturer. 
Two  rosewood  pianofortes. 

849  Weszelt,  in  KleinrNmhr, 

Two  specimens  of  elk-heads,  modelled  after  nature. 

850  The  Combinbd  Mnmra  Wobkb  ov  MunsvELD. 
Samples  of  the  processes  followed  in  the  mining  works 

of  Mansfeld  for  obtaining  copper  and  silver: — 1.  Bitu- 
minous marl  slate,  two  slabs ;  2.  The  same  with  varimted 
copper  ore  and  fish  impressions ;  8.  Sanderz ;  4.  f  umt 
slate,  two  slabs ;  5.  Slags  of  slate  smelting ;  6.  Raw  cop- 
perstone ;  7.  Powdered  copperstone ;  8.  Powdered  cop- 
perstone  roasted ;  9.  Cemented  silver ;  10.  Fine  silver ; 
11.  Slags  of  reeiduums ;  12.  Thin  copperstone ;  18.  Black 
or  raw  copper ;  14.  R^ned  copper ;  15.  Fine  copper. 

Bars  ana  turned  samples  of  refined  copper  prepared 
from  Mansfeld  black  copper  by  a  process,  without  mter- 
mption,  in  cupola  furnaces,  with  gas  oxide  of  carbon,  then 
hammered  or  turned. 


851  KsdNiKO,  Dr.,  StoUberg. 

Pattern  sheet  of  substances  woven  and  unwoven,  which 
are  gilt  or  silvered  by  a  mechanical  process. 


852      Haeitbl,  Julius,  Lauchhammer — Sculptor. 

Ostrich,  giraffe,  dog,  and  tiger,  in  plaster ;  full-sixed 
female  tiger,  in  plaster  (after  the  original  in  the  Zoological 
Gardens  of  London). 


853       Pbjetobius,  L.,  WeUsenfeU — Carpenter. 

Tray,  bordered  ik  la  rococ,  of  ebony  wood,  ornamented 
with  foliage,  the  plate  of  mosaic  wood,  with  inlaying  of 
mother-of-pearL 


85     G-RESSLEB,  E.,  .Er/Ur^— Manu&cturer  of  Chemical 
fmd  Apothecaries'  Apparatus. 
Coal-zinc  battery  of  twelve  elements  ;  twelve  coal  cylin- 
ders.   A  machine  for  spreading  plasters.    An  economical 
furnace,  applicable  to  apothecaries*  laboratories. 


855  ScraixiNO,  Valtdt  Chb.,  iSicW— Manufacturer. 

Brace  of  target  pistols,  with  fine  grooved  damascened 
barrels,  for  pointed  bullets;  fine  locks,  put  together 
without  screws;  filigree  iron  furniture;  buckles  orna- 
mented with  dolphins ;  half-stocked,  fiuted,  and  adorned 
stocks,  with  all  tne  instruments  to  charge  and  clean  them ; 
such  as  powder-fiask,  bullet-mould,  case  for  percussion- 
caps,  measure  for  charge,  oil  flask,  trigger,  screw-driver, 
and  ramrod — all  in  a  box,  lined  with  velvet. 

856  Royal  Salteby,  2>tftfrre«der$r— Producers. 
Samples  of  coarse  and  refined  salt. 

Five  pieces  of  brown  coal,  shaped  by  a  pressing-engine. 
The  engine  by  A.  Milch,  Cologne. 

857  Heikbigs,  J.,  Cologne. 

A  caligraphic  tableau,  representing  the  Queen  of 
England.  ^ 

858  Fabika,  JoHAiTN  MABL4,  opposUe  the  JuHch's 

Plaee^  Cologne — Manufacturer. 
Samples  of  eau  de  C<dogne  of  one  quality,  in  a  Gk>thic 
case. 

859  Zakoli,  Cabl  AifTOX,  Cologne — ManufiMsturer. 
Samples  of  eau  du  Cologne. 

860  Gajocebsbach  Bbothebs,  Meckenheim,  near 

Bonn — ^Manufacturers. 
Specimens  of  leather  and  varnish,  exhibited  on  account 
of  their  excellent  flexibility  and  polish. 

861  MosEB,  A.,  k  Co.,  Aix-la-  CkapeUe — Manu&cturers 

of  Calf-skin  for  Shoes. 
A  double  planing  machine  on  a  new  construction,  in- 
vented by  the  exhibitors. 

862  SixaFBiSD  k  Waldthausbn,  Burtseheid^ 

Manufacturers. 
Twelve  pieces  of  twilled  doth  and  satin-de-laine. 

863  HteOH,  Eb.,  k  Sovs,  I>fir»»— Manufiusturers. 

Rolled  zine-plates  for  glanng  paper.  Raw  material 
from  the  Rhine  provinces. 

864  SoHXiBLBB  k  SoK,  Ifon^*oie. 

Yarious  woollen  Btu£fli  for  trousers,  and  looee  carded 
woollen  goods. 

865  B5TCHEB  k  EKasL^  Imgenbruek — Mannfiicturers. 
Fancy  stufik  for  summer  and  winter  trousers,  mannfiic- 

tured  partly  of  Qerman,  Australian,  Gape,  and  Odessa 
wools.  ^ 

866  Dbltub,  C,  Imgenbruek — Manufacturer. 
Woollen  stuffs  for  trousers  and  paletots. 

867  Mbbtekb,  H.  J.,  Imgenbruek — Manufiiotuwr. 
Different  stuffk  for  coats  and  trousers. 


PRUSSIA.— SAXON  DUCHIES.— THUItING  I A  .—BRUNSWICK.  4c. 


Hkbtikb,  F.,  Imgei^rach — UBDnfoctorcr. 


D  ft  JoBSAH,  Collenli — Importers. 
(Agenti  in  London,  Dnnhsnl  and  Jord&n.) 
Sampka  ot  Bhine  and  Moselle  vine. 


172   OnBttHmt  ft  Keep,  Solingen.     (A^ent*  in  Lon- 
1.  ft  D.  Sbmrpe,  26  Brotid  Street  BuildinsB.) 

it  of  maton,  and  a  card  vith  unOniahed 


BsttaBmotHBMe,  Wold. 


874      EniSIB  Bbothibs,  Leiuup — Minufacturera. 
FicEe  of  fine  liolet  cloth ;  two  pitixa  of  fine  block  caih- 


S76  Habsobt,  Cn&isnin,  f  oriorfn. 

Lamp*  of  ndmiajn,  lead,  sulphur,  manganese,  alum,  cast 
•ad  rolled  dnc  A  shami^-taiined  nild  buSalo^Iiui. 
Bpeciioen  of  Bonia  leather.  Tarioui  sorts  of  helmets  Ibr 
~       '  a  scddkn,  both  officers  and  priiaUa. 


877  Kakcrcb,  Fbbd.,  GtrUni^ — Manoiactnrer. 
n«ang  (or  transparent  dnwiDg)  paper,  inrentcd  and 

patented  fa;  eihibiuir. 

878  SoKHKK,  F.,  £(^;i«^— Mumfactunir. 
Writiiig  case  in  Telret)   eIotb  traiea  in  relret,  omv 
ented  with  trory  ;  writing  deslu  ;  shnving  raws ;  pocket- 


books,  cigar  and  spoclaclo  0 


879     SprWBLnALTEB,  Q-.,  &  Co.,  ^'eutirei,  Baden — 
Wali'h  and  Gock  Maken.. 
A  Urge  musioal  clock,  nod  several  eniall  ones. 


!*79»    WlKkLE,  n.,  4  Stecbrt,  N'eutirch,  BadeH — 
Watch  and  Clock  Makors. 
A   clock   without  wciehtt,  pendulum,    or   anj   Tisiblo 
work*.     A  self-acting  organ,  with  foiu"  barrels. 


efiO     Scnrui,  Joseph,  Mtimngrn — Carver  in  Irorj. 

Specimen  of  ivorj  sniiiT-lioice,  cigar-cases,  walking-stick 
knobs,  kniiea,  daggira,  kc. 


Scnnz,  WllMm,  Jfrimajfit— Carver  in  Ivorj-. 
out  articles  in  ivorr,  conjiflinE  of  note-l>ook,  porie- 
canl-cases,  snuB-boics,  with  devices,  cigar-cases. 


883  EElMDUBaBB,  SiMKlflrldweii — Joiner. 

Table  of  Jaearanda  wood,  inlaid  with  mother-of-pearl, 
metal,  and  ivory,  containing  twelve  scenes  &om  Shakspeare, 

and  a  portrait  of  the  poet. 


884  ScHDTZE,  Ajn>BKW,  Fnu,  near  JMhenMtn — 

Manufacturer. 
Two  pieoea  of  for  made  of  marmot's  skin. 

885  Ekobl,  Ph.,  ZTatun— Engraver. 
Specimens  of  new  productions  for  the  printing  pres^ 

with  a  few  original  copies,  exhibited  on  accomit  of  the 
superior  workmanship,  which  enables  the  printer  to  itni' 

late  lithc^raphic  prints. 

886  BnrPBBT,  J.  C,  .Boc;t>«A«ini— Coadunaker. 
Tarioua  models  of  ntilway  carriages, 

887  OLBlCBikVP,  J.  B.,  Manau — Ghmmaker. 
A  needle-pistol  with  twelve  barrels. 

888  Eeli;.bs  ft  Co.,  Birkenjild,  OberiUin  1  8S  Satiai 

Oarde*,   LOHdmi    and  62   St.  PauTt  Square, 
Binningham. 

A  tea-service,  consistins  of  forlj  pieces,  in  fine  rod  cor- 
nelian, twelve  t«B-spoons  m  white  cornelian,  three  vases  in 
rod  cornelian  and  onyi,  two  snuff-txixea  in  onyi,  three 
moimled  jewel  boxes  of  fine  green  moes  agate,  and  two 
etuis  containing  samples. 

689  Wild  ft  BoBtRSOir,   Birkenftld,  Obentnni  and 
61  Saltim  Oardtn,  London. 
Bronzes,  flower'VBses,  bracelets,  fto.,  of  agate. 


890  OimjTz^h.,Idar,BirtenJild.    (Agent  in  London, 
O.  Frauenknecht,  80  Bishopsgate  Street  Within.) 

Boi,  necklace,  plate*,  ftc,  of  agate. 

891  ElFLBB,  W.,  Idar  and  Obtrririn,  near  iiaint— 

Worker  in  Agate.     (Agents  in  London,  Nestle 
and  Huntsmann,  6  Oreat  Trioitf  leflc.) 
Samples  of  agate  work. 

fi92      MEYEBN-nonENBKBO,  LotriBB  TOU,  Colnrg. 

X  tabernacle  of  Scrravciia  marble,  in  the  fom  of  a 
house  in  tlio  Bj^zantino  style,  with  Bcriptuial  devices  and 


893  SojcKKB,  F.,  Jauer,  Silttia — Inventor. 

A  wind  inslrunient  (the  aommerophooe).    Tliis  instru- 
ment has  a  compass  of  four  octaves  from  E  to  £L 

894  JanDA,  J.,  Berlin. 

A  Btaloetlc  of  Shakspeare,  carved  in  wood. 

895  Stolle,  Dr.  Edwabd,  Berlin. 
Geographical  map  of  tho  bed-root  sugar  industry  in 

89(!  KbiEO,  J.,  OdfUho/en,  Baden. 

Specimens  of  Rhenish  sUt  hemp  for  ropes  and  cords, 

897  EoiorFSTKls,  Count.     (Agents,  John  Anderson  ft 
Sons,  f>5  Old  Broad  Street,  London.) 
Eve  and  the  S('r]ient,  a  statue  in  marble  executed  b; 
Van  dcr  Ten  at  Borne. 


atreel,  JTgd*  Park  Ttrraee. 


Kearlt  one  himdrod  exbibitora  from  Bavaria  have  aent  their  contributions  to  the  ExhibitioD.  The  section 
HachiDery  is  not  represented  hy  these  articleB,  but  the  other  three  eectiooB  axe  illustrated  in  vaiious  directions 
by  the  Bpechuens  sent  from  different  towns.  A  coo^derahle  manufacture  has  sprung  up  in  Fiirtfa,  a  Bavarian 
town,  for  bronze  powdere,  tinsel,  and  coloured  foils.  These  are  employed  in  the  arts  in  various  ways :  no  lees 
than  ten  or  eleven  exhifcitoni  out  of  the  number  stated  appear  in  the  capacity  of  manufacturers  or  produoe™  of 
these  articles.  The  manufacture  involves  a  considerable  amount  of  skill,  and  is  in  many  respects  a  chemical 
process.  Ultramarine  is  likewise  prepared  in  considerable  quantities,  and  with  much  success,  by  ^vaiien 
manufacturers.  The  agriculture  of  the  country  is  represented  by  wheat,  barley,  &c.  Several  eihibilors  are 
producers  of  philosophical  and  musical  instruments,  and  an  interesting  collection  of  these  objects  is  brought 
together.  The  oottwi,  wlk,  and  flax  manufactures  also  appear,  together  with  some  articles  of  cotton  and 
caoutchouc,  forming  a  sort  of  elostio  material  for  underclothing.  Specimens  of  ornamental  glass,  and  a  lina 
collection  from  the  Royal  Porcelan  Manufactory,  near  Munich,  of  objects  of  high  interest  as  works  of  design,  and 
as  specimens  of  the  ceramic  art,  are  exhibited.  A  number  of  finely-painted  vases,  and  some  pictures  on  porce- 
lain, are  shown.  The  specimens  of  ivory  goblets  eiiibited  are  also  very  beautiful.  The  manuTacturw  of 
marquetrie  and  parquetrie  from  Munich,  and  candelabra  of  stag's  bom,  also  deserve  notice.  Some  results  of  a 
galvaao-giaphic  process  are  exhibited,  which  bear  a  resemblance  to  a  similar  process  carried  on  in  this  wnntry. 
It  is  also  deserving  of  notice  that  there  is  a  specimen  of  engraving  by  the  electric  current  as  applied  to  etching 
purposes,  with  prints  from  the  plates,  indicating  that  in  Bavaria,  as  in  this  country,  this  singular  fact  has  been 
observed.  In  (Sass  30,  United  Kingdom,  similar  specimens  on  steel  plates  are  produced  by  the  British  inventor. 
The  colossal  lion  in  the  Nave,  which  is  in  the  same  state  as  when  removed  from  the  mould,  is  an  evidence  of 
the  success  with  which  the  art  of  casting  in  bronze  has  been  practised  at  Munich.  Other  statues  exhibit  a 
beautifully  chaste  and  softened  effect,  produced  by  the  skilful  lue  of  the  chisel. 

The  principal  towns  exhibiting  in  the  Bavarian  Collection  are  Munich,  Niimberg,  Fiirth,  Hof,  Bamberg, 
and  Wnrzbnrg, — E.  B. 


1  Brtdi,  Gkokob,  lirii,  near  Ntnihery — Producer. 
Bpeoimeiu  of  bronie  powder,  and  bronle  ooloun,  in 
a  small  cow.  


3a      BBAin>»B,  J., 


3b    Mxtnt,  J.  C,  Wirtk,  near  NtnAfg—trcOaom. 
gpedmens  of  metal,  gold,  and  bronze  ooloun. 
4    FccHS  A  Sons,  JSfrt,  mar  SinAerg—VpiAmea. 
Tarioui  apecimena  of  metallic  leaf;  bronie  powder  i 
rolled  oraedew  (tiiuel),  and  sbaviiigg  (waste  of  leaf-metal). 
[Bronze  powders  are  prepared  in  various  ways  ;  aomo 
of  them  mecbanicsl,  and  lome  oliemicaL    I>utcli  metal 
and  moaaic  gold,  which  is  only  a  Bno  kind  of  brasa,  are 


ground  to  a  powder  g  oopper  is  precipitated  by  clean  iron 
plates  from  a  solution  of  the  nitrate  of  oopper  ;  it  a 
then  dried  and  exposed  to  diSbreut  degrees  c^  beat,  so 
that,  by  beooming  more  or  Icm  oxidiied,  various  ahadea  of 
colour  are  produced.  Plumbago,  dimabar,  and  other 
mptallie  ooloura  are  mixed  with  the  bronie  powders,  to 
produoo  -rarietj  of  tint— R.  H.] 


IT  ^SnAerg — 


5     LlK£,  JOHAIIK  LionoiSD,  lirtk,  w 
Producer. 
Bpecimena  of  white  leaf-roetol  mode  of  English  Baaca 


I    LSFPIB,  QtrsTiV,  Mrilt,  near  yilnilmy—Trodaetre. 
ITiftj  different  aamples  of  bronie  powder,  various  colours. 


'      Btoidbb's  Sou,  Lfdwio,  UrU, : 
Producer. 
Spedmona  of  bronie  colours  in  tiaall  bottles. 


BAVARIA. 


1099 


8 


BoxsiB  ft  PoKZBLins,  Satubtm—Froduom, 
of  extract  of  nut  of  the  Qttercus  cerrU. 


10  GnSTXirDdBFFEB,  J.  J.,  &  C.  XUBLEB,  jun., 

IHrik,  near  Number^ — Producore. 
of  beaten  metal  (Dutch  metal). 


1 1      KOBUB,  G.,  FBrik,  near  Numberff^Yrodncer, 
flamplai  of  beaten  metal  (Dutch  metal). 


llA 


Amcov,  J.  P.,  2Vitni5«y— Producer, 
of  gold  and  silver  wire. 


11b  FfTCHB,  H.  H.,  HUnUtersi  (Agent  in  London,  W. 
Meyentein,  16  Watling  Street) — Producer. 
One  pound  of  soft  and  malleable  brass  wire  for  metallic 
doth,  len^  76,000  feet.     One  pound  of  extra  fine  cha- 
lyiwAte  wire  for  mine  lanterns,  length  41,000  feet. 

12       Oadkmakx,  Hbkby,  Schweinfiirt—l^rodvicer. 
Specimens  of  blue,  black,  and  green  ultramarine. 

[Tme  ultramarine  is  obtained  from  the  yariegated  blue 
called  LazulUe  {Lapis  lazuli)^    by  a  tedious 
I  the  blue  colouring  matter  combining  with  a 
mass,  and  the  other  earthy  matters  are  washed 

An  artiildal  ultramarine  is  formed  by  heating  to  red- 
mixture  of  china-clay,  sulphur,  and  carbonate  of 
;  from  which  it  may  be  inferred,  that  ultramarino 
ii  s  oompoond  of  silicate  of  alumina  and  siUcate  of 
•odB.— S.  £.] 


13 


Rau,  I.,  Farth^  near  AlBm^er^— Producer. 
of  bronze  powder  and  gold  leaf  metaL 


14  Sattlbb,  Wilhelm,  Sdweinfurt—VrodMsxir, 
Bpeetiiiffii  of  Tarnish  colours  in  small  glass  bottles. 

Extern  ine  printing  ink. 

15  SCHBUCK  k  UiiLicir,  Bamberg — Producers. 
Eighteen  specimens  of  ultramarliic. 

1 G      Stobbbb,  J.  J.,  Fiirthf  near  Numberg — Producer. 
Specimens  of  Tarious  bronze  colours. 

1 7  WoLFf  k  Co.,  &Aice»Vi/Mrf— Producers. 

Specimens  of  ultramarine.     Green  ultramarine. 


18  IlAMMBB8CH3nDT*8  Son-in-Law,  EatUbon — 

Producer. 
Samples  of  Bavarian  wheat,  gnt,  fodder,  (lour,  bran, 
eom,  Ac.     Wheat-meal,  pollard,  rye,  rj-e-meal,  provender 
flour.  

19  Ebich,  Christian  Arorsx,  Munich — Producer. 

(Agents,  Gillies  &  Home,  17  Mark  Lane.) 
Samples  of  Bavarian  wlieat ;    wlieaton  prits  ;  and  mt*al 
and  fquare  barley.     Exliibited  on  account  of  their  cleaii- 
and  fine  quaUty. 


20  nilXLEDT,  C.  v.,  Bamberg— Inventor. 

A  light,  higlily-finii^htHl  gun,  with  Damascene  barrel, 
cocraved  in  the  old  Ocmian  Ktyle,  witli  emblems,  &o., 
itpritgnting  the  art  of  projtvtion  from  its  firwt  invention 
to  tbeprewnt  time ;  witli  ebony  t«t<x*k,  inlaid  with  niother- 
cf-prarl,  with  silver  apparatus  ;  covered  lock  of  a  jH^ulLar 
ana  do\c\  construction  ;  firing  (piiekly,  and  carrj'iiig  to  a 
long  dijftance. 

21  KucnijrRBirrEB,  J.,  Adam,  Batiebon—lnxcntor 

and  IVodiKvr. 

1.  A  p^ir  of  extra  fine,  liighly  finishefl  pistols,  inlaid 

and  omammt<<d  with   eold ;    the    harrt*ls  are   engraved 

mod   **  blued,**   hair    dresmxl    and   rifiiMl   in   a   pivuliar 

maiiniT,  the  secret  of  which  has  been  solely  in  i)o^si>seiioii 


of  the  exhibitor's  family  for  more  than  one  himdred  years, 
The  barrels  are  of  German  steel,  with  patent  screws, 
peculiar  apparatus  for  assisting  the  aim  at  target  shoot- 
ing, open  percussion  locks,  executed  in  steel,  with  hair 
trigger,  the  stocks  of  nut-wood,  carved  in  relievo,  with 
complete  apparatus. 

2.  A  paur  of  extra  fine  pistols,  of  the  same  quality, 
though  ornamented  in  a  less  costly  style. 

The  peculiarities  of  these  two  pairs  of  pistols  consist 
in  the  mllowing : — ^Whon  loaded  with  throe-quarters  of  a 
drachm  of  powder  of  ordinary  strength,  and  the  ball 
ranmied  down  with  a  greased  patch,  they  shoot  with  the 
accuracy  of  a  rifle  at  25  and  60  yards ;  and  by  raising  the 
sight,  but  without  additional  powder,  wiU,  at  a  distonce 
of  80,  160,  or  even  240  vards,  send  a  ball  through  a  deal 
plank  half  an  inch  tliick,  when  tlic  baU  will  bo  as  flat  as 
a  shilling,  if  an  iron  plate  is  placed  behind  the  deal  plank. 
Moreover,  the  grooves  of  the  barrel,  although  as  fine  as  a 
hair,  are  said  not  to  wear  out ;  the  pistols  may  be  used 
dailv  for  years,  without  its  being  neoessaiy  to  have  them 
re-nfled.  

22     Baapeb,  Johan  A.  k  Co.,  MiUcnwald  an  the  Isar 

— Producer. 
Two  violins  ;  tenor ;  and  violoncello.     Exhibited  on 
account  of  the  fineness  of  tone  and  beauty  of  the  wood. 


23    BoEHX,  T.,  Munich — Inventor  and  Manu&cturer. 

A  cylindrical  silver  flute,  stated  to  be  of  superior  tone, 
and  equal  and  correct  tuning;  these  advantages  are  claimed 
to  be  attained  by  the  following  improvements : — Correct 
proportions  in  the  construction  of  the  tube,  a  new  arrange- 
ment of  the  key-meclumism,  wliich  allows  the  holes  to  bo 
made  as  large  as  required,  and  a  new  form  of  embouchure, 
of  gold,  which  oflers  no  impediment  to  the  vibrations 
of  the  tube. 

Flute  d'amour  (in  B  flat),  of  German  silver,  of  the  sarnie 
construction. 

Model  of  a  patent  hautboy,  constructed  on  the  same 
principles,  with  improvements  since  made  by  the  inventor. 


24  EiSENMENGEH,  G.,  FUrth^  near  Nurnberg — 

Maniifttctiirer. 
Collection  of  opera-glasses,  spectacles,  and  eye-glasses, 
lorgnettes. 

25  Ebtel,  Tbatjgott,  &  Sons,  Proprietors    of    the 

Beichenbach  Mathematical  and  Mechanics*  Insti- 
tute— Inventors  and  Producers. 
Astronomical  universal  instrument ;  constructed  on  a 
new  principle;  with  telescope. 

[Munich  is  celebrated  on  tlie  continent  for  tlic  skill  of 
tlic  makers  of  philosophical  and  musical  instnnnents, 
carrying  on  their  occupation  at  that  plaot\  Some  of  tlie 
optical  instruments  arc  of  a  high  order  of  exeelleneo,  and 
are  consequently  in  much  use  for  those  tleheatc  and  ac- 
curate manufactures  carried  on  in  the  pnvetieul  pursuit 
of  the  science  they  represent. — R.  E.] 


20         Tssmayer,  I.  M.,  iVwrwien;— l*roduct»r. 
Collection  of  magnetic  articles,  toys,  &e. 


27 


JoBD.iN,  J.  F.,  Fiirthy  near  Xumberg — 
Manufacturer. 

Flexibl(»  syphon,  ear-tubes,  piixjs,  &c. 


28  Kapelleb,  L.  k  Son,  llafnerzell^  near  Paesau 

— M  an  ufaet  urers. 
Various  sorts  of  black  crucibles  for  melting  gold,  silver, 
iron,  Htix.*!,  kc. 

29  KLiyOEB,  C.  Abei>,  .VmVwA^t^— Producer. 
Tenrvstrial  and  celestial  globes,  with  stands  and  c»om- 

passes. 


lOmClAL  iLLUbTUAIKI)  CATAIX)C.r£. 


\  K 


100 


BAVARIA. 


30  &  31    Mebz,  George,  &  Sons,  Muniek — ^InTentorB 

and  Manufacturers. 

Befiractor,  having  4&*'  apert.,  48''  focal  length,  for  yari- 
able  latitude ;  equatorially  mounted. 

Microscope,  with  yarious  object-elasses  and  three  eye- 
pieces, for  nine  magnifying  powers,  from  20  to  1,800  times. 
The  instrument  is  provided  with  a  screw  micrometer  and 
the  necessary  apparatus  for  holding  and  illuminating 
objects. 

32    MscHAiaOAL  School,  Zwe^hrucken,  (Directed  by 

Dr.  H.  Beinsch.) 
Electro-magnetic  apparatus,  and  electro-magnetic  rota- 
tory apparatus,  containing  a  magnet  capable  of  holding 
50  lbs.  weight. 

[A  very  large  amount  of  ingenuity  has  been  expended 
on  the  attempt  to  apply  the  electro-magnetic  force  to 
mechanical  purposes,  in  ^e  room  of  prime  movers.  The 
experiments  hitherto  made  have  yielded  hopeful  but  few 
practical  results ;  and  several  instruments  are  exhibited 
which  represent  the  various  modes  in  which  the  prin- 
ciples of  motion  from  the  electro-magnetic  agency  have 
been  applied.  The  practicability  of  obtaining  motion 
cannot  be  denied,  but  its  comparative  economy  is  still  to 
be  demonstrated. — "R,  E.] 


33    Keukeb  &  HoBNSTEiKEB,  MUtemtfcUd  on  the  Isar 

— Producers. 
Yiolonoello,  tenor,  imd  violins.     Eemambuck   violin 
and  violoncello  bows. 


34       BiEFLEB,  Clehekt,  Maria  Shine,  near  NeeseUoang 

— Inventor  and  Producer. 
Case  of  improved  mathematical  drawing-instruments, 
in  German  silver. 


35  Pfatp,  Michel,  KcUserslautem — ^Producer. 
Bombardon    ophicleide  m  C,   with    four  valves  and 

mouthpiece.    Trumpet  in  B  flat,  with  three  valves,  four 
crooks,  and  mouthpiece. 

36  Bbbntako,  Pellouz,  &  Co.,  Ang^mrg-^ 

Mfmufiicturers. 

Patterns  of  silk  cloth,  with  gold  and  silver ;  for  furni- 
ture and  church  apparel. 

Patterns  of  various  stu£Es  and  cloths,  manufiMH;nred  frx>m 
Bavarian  silk. 

Samples  of  the  silk. 


37  Smoir,  Henby,  2Wy&ri2cXr64»— Manufacturer. 
Various  assortments  of  silk  plush. 

38  Knobb,  E.,  2Sweyhruchen — ^Manu&cturer.     (Agents 

in  London,  Stahlschmidt  k  Co.,  14  Mark  Lime.) 
Five  pieces  of  silk  plush,  for  hats. 

39  Bbauk,  Leoithabd,  Wunnedel — Manufiictujer. 
Specimens  of  Manilla  damask  made  from  cotton  and 

Manilla  hemp,  mixed,  for  furniture  and  carpets. 

40  ScHXTTziCAKN,  AuouBT,  Uttnioh — ^Produccr. 
Canvas,  prepared  for  paintings,  twenty-three  feet  by 

thirteen  feet  four  inches. 


41  TsEKDEL  J.  J.  &  Sons,  Culmbach — Manu&cturers. 
Linen  damask.    Striped  half-linen  doth  for  trousers. 
Fine  white-linen  satin ;  half-linen  satin. 

Half-linen  doth  for  trousers;   the  same  of  half-linen 
thread.  

42  Gebhabt  Bbothbbs,  JSTo/*— Manufacturers. 

A  largo  assortment  of  shawls  and  handkerchiefr,  cotton 
and  wool,  and  woollen. 
Drawers,  of  cotton  and  caoutchouc. 


43  LiENHABDT,  Prbdeeich,  JTo/"— Manufacturer. 
Cotton  goods ;  cotton  mixed  with  wooL 

44  Steinhattseb,  Heinbich,  ■go/'— Manufacturer. 
Shawls  of  wool,  mixed  with  cotton. 

Tartans  of  mixed  fabric. 


45  Gbiesb,  Louis,  Landau — Manu£Eu;turer. 
Girths  for  horses  of  bleached  hemp;  girths  unbleached. 
Halter,  of  red  woollen  thread ;  halter,  of  white  hemp 

twist. 

46  Mayeb,  Ionaz,  Munich — Manufacturer. 

Enamelled  coach  hides.    Enamelled  calf-skins. 

Japanned  shoe  calf-skins.   Curried  bridle  leather.   Cur- 
ried nog-skin  for  saddle  seats. 

47  Haenle,  Leo,  MunuA — Producer.     (Agent  in  Lon- 

don, Mr.  Schick,  56  High  Holbom.) 

Silver  and  gold  paper,  plain  and  ornamental. 
Bronze  powder,  and  specimen  of  printing  with  bronze 
colours. 
Samples  of  real  gold  paper  borders,  &c. 


48  ESCHEBICH,  Thbodob,  Munich — Manufacturer. 
Various  portfolios  and  cases,  port-monnaies,  cigar-cases, 

&c.,  in  Morocco  leather. 

49  XOHN,  Makitel  T.,  Main-Bemkeim — Producer. 
Samples  of  sealing  wax. 

50  Sammet,  J.,  MarkHefl — Producer. 
Specimens  of  black  ink  for  copper-plate  printing. 


51  Pbaetzsch,  Mina,  £b/'— Producer. 

Specimen  of  embroidery  in  crape  threads,  representing 
"  the  Madonna." 


52  Mayeb,  Emilie,  Axchaffenburg — ^Producer. 
Embroidery  in  silk,  after  a  picture  by  AngeUca  Eauff- 

mann. 

53  Fbank,  Johann,  Matiahon — Producer. 
Ladies*  boots  of  satin  and  of  leather  and  black  doth. 

Embroidered  slippers. 


54       Fehb  k  EiSEiTBiNO,  Augsburg — Producers. 

Metal  plates,  with  letters  and  characters  in  relievo,  for 
the  instruction  of  the  blind. 


54a     Kalteveckeb,  J.,  Munich — Manufacturer. 
Samples  of  textures  of  wires,  hair,  wood,  and  cane. 
Sieve,  with  bottom  and  cover,  of  parchment. 
Sieve,  of  parchment,  for  sifting  gunpowder. 
Triple  sieve,  for  sorting. 
Brass  drum,  with  improved  tuning  screw. 
Model  of  double  gratings,  for  drying  malt, 
Yixors  used  in  fencing. 


55  GBADMAifN,  A.,  Erbach^  near  Somburg — Producer. 
Forty  specimens  of  horse-shoes. 

56  Jansen  &  LuEHDOBFF,  JZb/*— Manufiujturers. 
Fifty  pieces  of  ginghams. 


57  KuHN,  C.  (SCHiODNEB,  E.)  iffimftef^F— ProduocT. 
Patterns  of  gold  and  silver-plated  and  copper  wire, 

spangles,  &c.  

58  Kullbich,  Fbanss,  Mumch — Producer. 
A  casket  with  ornaments  for  ladies. 


59        Tbobltbch  k  Hanselkaitv,  Weiseenhurg — 

Producer. 
Patterns  of  gold  and  silver  lace. 


BAVARIA. 


1101 


60  Hkcrivosb,  H.,  I^rlhj  near  NOrnberg — 

Manu&cturcr. 
Mirrors  of  rariouBly-tinted  glass. 


61  Hkilbbovk,  Lbofold,  Furtk^  near  Nwrnberg — 

Manu&cturer. 
Mintxn  of  half-white  coyered  glass. 

62  Neft,  Mathus  0.  Yon  Bedeb,  SMeichach^  near 

Eltmann — Producer. 
Specimens  of  white  crown  glass.    Exhibited  on  account 
of  iU  colour  and  lustrous  reflection. 


63  Beixsch,  a.,  Nuniberg — Inyentor  and  Producer. 
Various  objects  of  art,  made  of  glass,  transparencies, 

and  two  damascened  looking-glasses. 

64  The  BoTAL  Porcelain  Manupactobt,  Ngmphen' 

Imrfff  near  Munich. 

Porcelain, 

Vase,  with  a  picture  after  Mieris. 

Two  rases,  blue  and  gold.    Vase,  B^xantine  style. 

Goblet,  decorations  of  gold  and  platma. 

Pitchers  for  beer  and  wine.    Hunting  goblet. 

Goblet,  with  a  picture  after  Kaulbach,  **  Autumn." 

Goblet,  with  a  picture,  "Becolloctions  of  Hohenschwan- 
gau,**  bj  Neureuther. 

€k>blet«,  yarious.    €K>blet,  with  portrait  of  Cornelius. 

Flower-yases.    Pair  of  the  same,  with  busts  of  renowned 
arti»t«. 

Vases,  with  picture  after  BeidL    Small  yascs. 

Flower-rases,  with  riolet  ground.    Table  serrices,  for 
fruit. 

Plates,  with  riews  of  Bome  and  pictures  after  Kaulbach, 
«*  Beinecks  Fuchs." 

Pots  with  portraits  of  St.  Hubertus,  Madonna,  and 
the  Infant. 

Figure  of  the  Madonna.    Picture  after  Albana,  by  Mr. 
Adler. 

Picture  after  Baphael,  the  Madonna,  painted  by  Mr. 
Le^rand. 

Whiie  Biscuit, 

T\\c  ei|^ht  departments  of  Bavaria,  by  Sell  want  haler. 

Ei;rht  bust:*  of  renowned  men.     Girl  reposing. 

Munich  waiting-girl  (bar-maid),  by  Kellnerin. 

Statue  of  an  emblenmtic  figure  of  Bavaria,  by  Scliwan- 
thaltT,  gilded. 

Brown  Biscuit, 


Two  Tyrolcse  figures. 


Clay, 


Statues  of  Bar^rian  princes  and  renowned  artists,  by 
Schwanthalbr. 

Statiiei*  of  renowned  poets,  by  Schaller. 

A  j^wcimen  from  this  manufactory  is  represented  in  the 
PUte  172. 

'Tlie  possession  of  a  natural  source  of  pure  clay  for 
ft-ramic  purposes  often  determines  the  position  of  tlic  works 
fur  it*  reproduction  in  tlic  form  of  objects  of  art  and 
utility.  Some  of  the  continental  I'lays  are  extnrmoly  pure, 
an<i  produce  the  very  best  dcs<Tiption  of  porcelain.  Tlie 
n.tmmoner  articles  an?  also  succt»SHfully  made,  thou^li  jwr- 
haj**  less  so  than  in  England.  For  a  complete  account  of 
tlie  ceramic  art  and  its  processes,  reference  sliould  be  made 
to  Class  25  of  the  Uniti'd  Kingdom. — R.  E.] 

f.."»  Help,  Kasst  in,  Xiirnhfrg — Producer. 

ToImmvo  itijH's  of  Turkish  clay  witli  various  dcsigriii ; 
Kitierscliaum  ;  cigar  tuln*!*  of  tlie  same  materiul. 

♦'^»»         Adt  Bbotileus,  JCn^heimy  near  ZiteyhrOcken — 

Pnxluci'rs. 
Variou*  works   in  papier- inaclu',   ronsii^tinp;  of  ci«jnr- 
•-«**••,   i:l<ne-b<»x,   work-box,    cigar-cases,    spcctaclc-casos, 
yjrXe-  mounaies. 


67  Babth  Bbothebs,  WUrzburg — Producers.    (Agent 

— 0.  Kendall,  8  Harp  Lane,  Great  Tower  Street.) 
Lady's  bureau  in  renaissance  style,  inlaid  with  mosaioB 

and  alLegorical  representations. 
Lady's  work-table,  in  rococo  style,  inlaid  with  mosaics 

and  allegorical  representations. 

68  Bessatteb,  Alois,  Aschaffenburg — ^ManufiEuHixrer* 
Samples  of  coloured  and  gold  and  silrer  papers. 

69  FoETKEB,  Francis  X,  IftiiwcA— Producer. 
Marquetrie   writing-table  in  old  Gennan  or  Gk>thic 

st^le,  of  rosewood,  inlaid  with  diflbrent  metals,  mother- 
ot-pearl  and  tortoiseshell,  with  portraits  of  Cluirles  the 
Ghreat,  Frederic  Barbarossa,  Lewis  of  Bayaria,  Budolph  of 
Hapsburg,  and  Maximilian  I.,  with  their  escutcheons,  s 
G^erman  maiden,  squires,  and  armourers ;  with  arm-chair 
in  the  same  style. 

Portfoho  of  rosewood,  inlaid  with  difierent  metalsy 
mother-of-pearl,  and  tortoiseshell. 

Portfoho  in  renaissance  style ;  another  in  buhl  stylo. 

70  Mateb,  J.,  JfiiiwcA^Producor. 
Two  crucifixes. 

The  Virgin  and  Child. 
Flower- vase,  of  carton-pierre. 


71  Fleischmaitn,  C.  W.,  iVttn»*«y— Producer. 

Anatomical  and  pathological  casts  in  papier  mach^ 


72        F^LEISCH,  K.,  Ensheim^  near  ZweyhrUcken — 

Producer. 
Various  sorts  of  snuff-boxes,  needle  and  cigar  cases,  in 
papier  mach^. 


73  Habtmahw,  J.  J.,  Munich — Producer. 
Samples   of  parquetrie  work   for   floors,   of   yarious 

woods ;  mirror  frames,  &c. 

74  Baadkb,  Ionaz,  Oarmisch — Producer. 
Candelabra  of  stag  horn,  exiiibited  as  a  specimen  of 

turnery.  

75  Fbank,  Chbistian,  FUrlh,  near  NUmherg — 

Producer. 

Goblet  carved  in  ivory,  with  relievos  from  the  "  Lay  of 
the  Niebelungen,"  14  inches  high.  This  goblet  is  repre- 
sented in  the  Plate  72. 

Chess-men  cut  in  ivory,  with  chess-board  and  polished 
case,  &c. 

Spinning'wheel  in  ivory. 

76  HeKbteh,  Jacob,  Lindberg^  near  Zwisel — 

Manufacturtir. 

Specimen  of  wood  for  sounding-boards,  from  the  Ba- 
varian forest. 


77  Lang,  Gboboe   (Heirs  of),  Oherammcrgau — 

Proprietor. 
A  large  collection  of  ornaments  and  toys  cut  in  woo<1, 
ivory,  and  alabaster. 

78  Jacob,  Jony,  JrnrsAttry— Manufacturer. 

New  maoliinoi*  for  extracting  tea  or  coflTfe  by  stcflm. 
The  water  lusted  to  boiling  rise**  from  tlie  boiler  into  the 
gln^s  and  pa#v.»s  from  thence  through  the  narrow  pipe  \o 
tlie  lower  space  to  extract  the  tea  or  coflce :  as  soon  as 
the  water  is  in  the  lower  space,  extinguish  the  lamp. 
As  soon  as  the  boiler  is  cool,  the  tea  or  cofl'ee  will  be  driven, 
by  the  prt»ssure  of  the  rarifled  air,  through  the  strainer 
and  the  narrow  pipe,  into  the  glass,  and  from  thence  into 
the  boiler,  filtered  and  ready  for  drinking. 

To  make  the  tea  or  coflee  stronger,  the  lamp  must  Ihi 
relighted  and  the  process  repeated  a  second  or  third  time. 

4  Jv  A 


1102 


BAVARIA. 


The  advantage  in  employing  these  boilers  is  obvious,  as 
any  quantity  <3  tea  or  coffee  can  be  prepared  and  the 
strength  increased  or  decreased  at  pleasure.  The  me- 
chanism  is  very  simple  and  durable,  very  easy  to  use,  and 
entirely  free  nrom  the  danger  of  being  damaged. 

79       BiBKMAinr,  BIathew,  Nwmberff — Producer. 

Patterns  of  black-lead  pencils,  of  different  degrees  of 
hardnesq. 


80  EiOHiTKB,  Q-.  L.,  NUrnberff — Producer. 

Tarnished  toys  of  tinned-iron  plate. 

[The  town  of  Ktlmberg  has  long  been  celebrated  for 
the  extent  of  its  toy  thule.  These  trifiUng  objects  become 
of  great  commercial  importance,  the  demand  being  large 
and  constant.  They  are  made  at  an  extremely  cheap  rate, 
and  are  consequently  available  for  exportation  to  a  consi- 
derable extent.  Th^  are  sent  to  all  parts  of  the  world. — 
R.  E.]  


81 


Fabeb,  a.  W.,  Stein^  near  N9xnberff- 
Manufiicturer. 

Specimens  of  black-lead  pencils. 


82  BsHBAOH,  J.  J.,  MaHsbon — ^ManufiMsturer. 
Black-lead  penciU.  Case  with  black  and  red  lead  pencfls. 

Boxes  with  crayons  for  drawing. 

83  Haoen,  Michael,  Munich — Sculptor. 
Gk>blet  of  ivory,  carved  with  figures  ^d  arabesques 

representing  a  procession  of  bacchanals;  the  inside  of 
gilded  silver. 

84  Halbig,  Johakk,  Munich — ^Inventor  and  Producer. 
€K>blet,  with  figures,  with  the  emblems  of  the  G^erman 

empire,  in  plaster  of  Paris. 
A  bust  of  Schlanders  marble. 


85  HANFflTAENGEL,  F.,  3ftMi»d^— Producer. 

•  Specimens  of  galvanography,  combining  the  effects  of 
the  brush  with  those  of  the  chisel,  produced  by  the 
method  invented  by  Profsssor  Franz  von  Kobell,  at 
liunioh. 

Original  copper-plate,  with  the  drawing  in  relief. 

Secondary,  or  prmting-plate,  produced  by  gtdvanism. 

Print  firom  the  latter  plate. 

86  Kbllnbb,  Stephak,  iV^mief^— Producer. 
Glass  painting — a  copy  of  the  window,  by  Y olkanimer, 

in  St.  Lorenz  church,  at  N&nbcng. 

87  OzAVK,  Dr.  O.  W.  (Professor  at  the  Univertity), 

Wurzbwy, 
Engraving  'on  a  tin  plate,  produced  by^  the  action  of 
the  hydro-electric  cunent  j  and  prints  taken  £Knn  the 
plate. 

[In  Class  80  of  the  United  Kingdom  may  be  seen  spe- 
cimens, by  a  British  exhibitor,  of  engraving  bydeotricity 
tipon  steel  plates,  together  with  proofs  from  the  platee. 
The  same  effect  is  here  obtained  upon  a  plato  of  tin,  with 
the  same  results. — B.  E.] 

88  Knoll,  Coitiud,  Munich— Scvlpior, 

Model  of  a  goblet,  in  plaster  of  Paris,  to  be  cast  in 
bronze :  "  Loving  and  living  on  the  Bhine.*' 

The  accompanying  Plate  172  represents  this  goblet, 
with  a  specimen  of  porodaia  from  Nymphenburg. 

89  Lesb,  Johannes,  JfttnicA— Sculptor. 
Two  fibres  in  Carrara  marble — 

1.  Cupid  sliarpcning  an  arrow ;  and 

2.  A  girl  (Innocence)  x)laying  with  a  nes^  of  little  Cupids. 


90        MiLLEB,  Febdinand,  Munich — ^Producer. 

Colossal  lion,  fifteen  feet  long  and  nine  feet  high— one 
of  two  which  have  been  cast  at  the  same  time  out  of  one 
furnace.  This  lion  appears  in  the  same  state  as  when 
it  left  the  foimdry,  being  raw  cast  in  bronze,  showing  the 
possibility  of  executing  casts  in  one  piece  of  almost  any 
weight  and  size  requi^.  It  is  exhibited  also  as  a  spe- 
cimen of  the  new  method  of  the  founder  to  preserve  the 
pure  natiural  metallic  colour  of  the  cast  without  being 
obliged  to  use  the  chiseL  The  adjoining  Plate  15  repre- 
sents this  statue,  and  is  accompanied  by  another,  49, 
which  shows  the  position  of  the  statue  in  this  group,  of 
which  it  forms  a  piEut. 

Two  statues,  seven  feet  high,  modelled  by  Schwan- 
thaler,  cast  in  bronze  and  finished  with  the  chisel,  repre- 
sentii^  specimens  of  the  effects  of  the  artificer's  art  of 
chisellmg  in  producing  a  deadened  surface : — 

Libusa,  Queen  of  the  Bohemians,  anno  700. 

George  of  Podiebrad,  King  of  the  Bohemians.  These 
statues  are  represented  in  the  adjoining  Plate  140. 


91  MiTHB,  JuLiTfl,  Munich — Producer. 
Stereochromic  picture  upon  mortar-ground,  plastered  on 

wood ;  a  new  method  for  producing  indestructible  paint- 
ings on  walls ;  invented  by  J.  von  S.  Fuchs,  at  Munich. 

The  medium  for  fixing  the  colours  is  **  water-class,"  a 
solution  of  a  peculiar  compoimd  of  silica  and  alkau. 

Some  large  historical  pictures  in  the  new  museum  at 
Berlin  were  painted  by  Mr.  Kaulbaoh,  of  Munich,  after 
this  method. 

[In  order  to  prepare  a  soluble  glass,  it  is  simply  neces- 
saiy  to  melt  pure  sand  with  a  large  proportion  of  alkali, 
and  the  glass  thus  formed,  containing  30  per  cent,  of 
alkali,  is  soluble  in  boiling  water.  The  solution  may  be 
used  as  an  ordinaiy  varnish,  and  apphed  to  any  sur£Bu» 
which  it  is  desirable  to  protect,  but  the  soluble  glass  ob- 
tained in  this  way  cannot  be  used  for  stereochromic 
painting.  A  glazed  covering  is  left  on  the  sur&ce  when 
dry.— B.  E.] 

92  Schmidt,  Cael,  Bamberg — Proprietor. 
Paintings  on  porcelain,  after  Cornelius,  Bembrandt, 

Leasing,  Boekers,  Van  der  Worft,  Leonardo,  and  Waffers. 
An  altar,  with  the  Madonna  del  Sesto,  after  Baphael,  with 
old  G^erman  decorations. 


93  Zbzlbb,  Franz,  JUMdl^Prodnoer. 

Silver  fruit-plate  in  the  fbnn  of  a  shell,  in  alto-relievo, 
representing  Venus  and  Amor. 

Two  alto-relievos  in  silver,  the  one  representing  the 
stonning  of  Belgrade,  the  other,  the  victoir  of  the  Ba- 
varians over  the  Turks  by  the  Elector  Max  ftmanuel. 


94  FoLiz,  L.,  iSa^&ofi'— Sculptor. 

Model,  in  plaster,  intended  for  a  prize  medaL 


95   OiBNANTH  BsoTHSBS,  Proprietors  of  Iron  FoigM 
at  HochHein,  Savarien  Ehene-PalaL 
Iron  for  guns  and  railways. 
BoUed  and  wrought-iron,  rasping-plate  iron,  and  iron 


woe. 


Various  kinds  of  steel,  bronze,  gilt,  and  silver  fimcy 
artidos. 


96        Wefplkb,  C.  L.,  .^JjMftoc^^Manufacturer. 
Fancy  articles  in  straw  mosaic. 


97    Kkitbbonneb,  Gustat,  Frankenthal  in  the  JBUkint, 
FaUstincUe — Manufacturer. 
Six  chndron's  doUs,  elegantly  dressed. 


98  BOCBOFF,  C.A.  &Co.  BSnifHy— MBnufurturtf. 
(Agent,  J.  Kendall,  R  lIiLTp  LniiP,  Glrctit  Tower  Stn^t). 

Spwimen*  of  leather  blotting  books,  cigar  coaca,  porte- 
Tiiniin»if.  poeket-booka,  Ac. 

99  'WiOSBB  &  Co.,  KUngenbery-oit'lht- Maine— 

FroduccTS. 
fiinplf*  of  firfi-dfly- 

100  Kkocee,  AraiTBi',  Muiuch — MBDubclurcr. 
P»ir  of  kelttedraniB,  -with  s  peculiar  and  ingeniouBlj 

MiMl  I  III  ti'il  appantua  for  tuning  tlioia  trith  quickness 
and  pMcMion,  ud  without  coiae. 


102  RncRiicBACB,  C,  AitgEbur/i — Manulkiturcr. 
(Aunt,  Mr.  L.  Bamberger,  SO  King  BIreot,  Saowlull). 
A  priiitiiig  macbiite  of  a  nor  and  Bimple  corutniction. 
It  lomj  be  worked  hj  ateam,  water,  or  liand  power.  It 
ia  eaoatmctal  to  pnnt  from  1,200  to  1,400  ahoeta  per 
hdor  (one  per«on  being  auffieiciit  to  work  it),  nnd  (o  com- 
lina  the  aOTuncy  of  a  buid-prc«s  oith  all  tlio  itdrBotacea 
of  •  good  prinling  machine.  Tlio  novell;  of  the  machino 
ia  in  its  eonstructioTi,  which  renders  it  leaa  liable  to  re- 
■pain  than  the  common  printing  machinca,  and  the  inking 
■nMntna,  which  can  cuUj  be  adnptetl  to  the  nature 
at  the  work  lo  be  printed.  The  perfect  distribution  of 
"  1   roUoTB,  «i(hout 


RIA.  ■  1103 

any  inking-tahle  hcforo  it  reuches  the  form.  The  re^ster 
of  tho  sheets  is  equal  to  that  of  n  hand-press,  and  it 
lliiTcfore  adapted  for  the  Snest  work.  W<)od-c□g^lVLllgl^ 
carda,  and  work  of  any  kind  maj  bo  printed  on  Ihit 
mBchine  with  the  same  facility  as  book-work.  The;  tue 
porlectly  noiselcaa,  in  consoquence  of  the  smooth  working 
of  llic  machinery,  and  do  not  occupy  more  room  than  a 
common  hond-pross. 

The  size  of  the  table  of  this  machine  ii  from  21  to  Z1 
inches ;  but  larger  machines  ere  made  □□  the  same  prln- 


Dr.  WOLDEMAS  SaYmBTn,  LL.D.,  Comvutnooerfor  JRoyal  Saxony,  01  2'keadilly. 


A  VERX  complete  collection  of  induatrml  products  and  of  tbe  materials  constitnting  their  laaii  is  exhibited  hy  Ibis 
hingdom.  Although  tbe  claesified  ansngement  adopted  in  tbe  United  Kingdom  has  not  been  strictly  observed 
in  this  case  as  id  that  of  other  foreign  countries,  still  the  arrangement  of  exhibitorB  in  the  CatAloguc  f:etientlly 
accords  with  the  succession  of  tbe  Thirty  Classes,  and  consequently  admits  of  ready  comporiBon  nrith  other 
portions  of  this  work.  Among  the  raw  materials  are  Bpecimens  of  flax  water-retted,  and  of  yam  Bpun  from  it. 
The  specimenta  of  cobaU  and  nickel  must  attract  the  attention  of  all  minerBlogisM  and  of  others  interested  in 
the  commercial  and  scientific  application  of  these  important  metals.  The  former  is  principally  used  for  the 
intense  hrilUancy  of  its  oxide,  the  latter  as  a  good  suhstitute  for  colour,  in  combinatioo  with  other  metals. 
The  cobalt  colours  are  well  shown  in  a  series  of  specimens  derived  from  the  Royal  Porcelain  Works  at  Meissen. 
The  nickel,  cobalt  ores,  and  colours  are  from  one  of  tbe  very  few  known  sources  of  tbe  fonner  metal,  the  mine 
at  Schneibei^.  A  few  machines  are  exhibited — of  these  one  is  for  planing  type,  one  for  boring,  one  for  casting 
tyjie,  and  one  for  sweeping  narmw  flues  of  chimneys.  Among  the  philosophical  instruments  exhibited  is  an 
electro-magnetic  telegraph  Nmilar  to  those  employed  on  the  telegraphic  lines  of  Saiony  and  BarSria :  an 
electro-dynamometer,  and  specimens  of  watehes  mode  on  the  Swiss  system,  are  also  exhibited.  The  collection 
of  musical  instruments  includes  string  and  wind  instmmente  of  various  hinds,  harmonicas,  pianofortes,  &c. 
The  textile  manufactures  are  extremely  well  represented,  especially  in  tbe  woollen  department,  in  which  the 
long-estabUshed  reputation  of  the  Saxon  manufacturers  appears  to  be  fully  supported.  This  may  be  better 
conceived  by  tbe  statement  of  the  number  of  exhibiters  of  articles  either  entirely  of  woollen,  or  partially,  as  in 
worsted,  their  number  is  fifty-nine.  The  total  number  of  Saxon  exhibitors  is  only  one  hundrod  and  eighty- 
eight  :  tbis  proportion,  therefore,  of  eihibitois  of  articles  belonging  to  only  one  class,  strongly  indicates  the  pre- 
Tailing  direction  in  which  tbe  national  industry  of  this  kingdom  exercises  its  activity.  The  prodncers  of  oil- 
cloth, and  of  that  kind  of  it  which  is  used  for  table-covers,  are  also  numerous.  A  very  valuable  and  extremely 
attractive  collection  of  objects  is  that  exhibited  by  tbe  Royal  Saxon  Manufactory  of  China,  the  works  of 
which  have  long  been  carried  on  on  an  extensive  scale  at  Meissen,  Tbe  vases,  figures,  and  busts  are  delicately 
executed,  and  exhibit  the  excellent  quality  of  this  beautiful  porcelain.  An  attractive  object  is  a  porcelain 
mirror  frame  painted  in  colonrs,  with  flowers  in  relievo.  Specimens  of  types  and  typography  are  also  exhi- 
bited.   Among  the  sculptures  are  one  or  two  figures  in  Carrora  marble.—K,  E. 


1     SomnB,  CoASiiSs,  Sonu^,  near  Migtln — Pradnoer. 

Bpecimens  of  flax  cultivated  in  the  Belgian  manner, 
water-retted  and  swingled,  bIho  swingled  and  heckled. 
Fattenu  of  extra  fine  vam,  spun  &om  tbe  flax.  These, 
with  tbe  flaxes  exhibited  by  Measn.  Watteyne  and  Oaetz- 
■cbmann,  are  intended  to  ihow  tbe  proeiees  made  in  tbe 
last  five  years  in  the  culture  of  flax  and  its  prepaiat 
Saxony, 


>i  preparation 


Waw 


IKE,  Joseph,  Liehtetihtrg,  near  Fniberg 
— Manulikiturer. 
'ingled  flax,  cultivated  in  th«  Belgian 


3     OiXTZScnuKV,  Wnxux,  Zilimt — Uaaufactorer. 

Flax,  watered  and  swingled,  al«o  partly  heckled,  in  fivi 
different  qualities. 


t       TDIBKE-WiDTIIIBETEB  k  PUKSCKKIi,  StvditUt, 
ntar  Leiptig — Manufacturers. 
Bleached  sponges,  fine  and  oommoa  quality. 


5       EuyzB,  Frxdisic,  Boctlitx — Manufacturer. 

Tarnished  leather.  Bkck  Tamiahed  etlra'  lealhir  for 
the  use  of  ahoemaken  and  belt-nakeni  tbe  same  descrip- 
tion, iheep'a  leather. 


SAXONY. 


1105 


6  JoKDAir  k  TnLunrs,  Dresden — Manufacturers. 
Aflsortment  of  dessert  chocolates,  consisting  of  figures, 

fruifta,  and  numerous  other  objects,  partly  brown,  partly 
eolouvBd;  ornaments  for  dining-tables,  nips,  Christmas 
pnaenteiftc. 

Chocdatee  and  ooooa  masses,  in  packets,  as  sold. 

7  Haxdbobk,  Gustat,  Leipzig — Manu£M!turcr. 
printing-ink  for  hand  presses,  and  for  machines. 


8     JAQODznrsKY,  AirroN,  Leipzig — Manufacturer. 
Strong  oil-yamish«    Calcined  soot.     Printing-ink  for 
and  presses. 


9  The  Both.  Saxox  Cobalt  and  Nickel  Wobes, 
Sekneeherg  (Agent,  B.  Biggs,  3  Lawrence  Pount- 
ney  Hill) — Producers. 

A  toriea  of  twenty-eight  specimens  of  cobalt  blue,  enamel 
Uoe^  amalt  and  ooMt  ereen.  MetaUic  bismuth.  Metallic 
nickel  in  cubes. — ^This  is  stated  to  be  the  oldest  establish- 
ment of  the  kind  in  the  world. 

[Nickd  is  now  so  largely  employed  in  the  manufacture 
of  GOTman  silyer,  both  in  England  and  other  countries, 
that  its  extraction  from  the  ore  has  become  an  object  of 
^reat  eonunercial  importance.  This  metal  is  not,  however, 
abundant,  and  mines  are  in  operation  in  only  a  few  known 
localitiei  where  it  has  been  found.  It  is  generally  asso- 
ciated, as  in  the  specimens  exhibited  from  Schnocberg,  with 
oobttlt.  From  other  impurities  it  is  separated  by  roasting, 
but  from  cobalt  generally  by  a  chemical  process  of  solution 
and  precipitation. — R.  E.] 

10  Tnx  Royal  Saxox  Ciiina  Ma^ufactoby, 

Meiseen — Producer. 
Complete  series  of  ultramarine  blue. 

1 1  SCHXIBT  A  Co.,  DaubnitZy  near  Lommarlzsch 

— Proprietors, 

Safety-fusees: — No.  1,  for  common  use  in  quarries, 
with  black  coyer,  1000  yards  in  one  ])icce.  No.  2,  for 
working  in  mines,  with  grey  cover.  No.  3,  for  working 
under  the  water. 

Specimen  of  porcelain  clay, 

12  HoPTMANN,  C,  Leipzig — Manufacturer. 
Machine  for  ploning  printing  types ;    with  three  dif- 

frrent  planing  tool^,    mucli  u«ed  by  type- founders  and 
printers  in  Germany. 

Machine  for  drilling  eorab. 

13  Bhockhaus,  F.  a.,  Leipzig — Proprietor. 
Macliine  for  founding  type:*,  with  instruments  for  two 

different  sizes  of  letters. 


14  RiECKnOKX,  H.  Leipzig — Inventor. 
Machine  for  sweeping  narrow  (rliinuu^ys. 

[This  ap]>anituj*,  oon«*i!»ting  of  a  eonnnon  sweeping  in- 
strument and  a  {KTuteliinj^  instnnnent  for  the  liardor  ^(K){^ 
is  k-t  clovm  by  a  cord  from  tlie  top  of  the  eliinmey.  Tlie 
scratching  inntnunent,  wliicli  can  be  wi)arately  u.-hmI,  is 
also  provided  witli  hprinfj",  in  order  to  make  it  fit  for 
tliimm'Ts  tliat  are  from  7  to  10  inches  wide.] 

15  Stoehber,    Emil,    hipzig  —  Inventor  and 

MannfarturtT. 

Elect ro-magnetic  teleijrjiphic  apparatus,  wit li  dial  an<l 
liaml ;  used  on  thetelegmphiclino!*  in  Sax*»ny  and  ]>avariu. 

[Tlie  niaehine  is  ]»ut  in  motion  by  tin?  ciim-nt  of  a 
rotary  electro-majnu^tie  ma<'hine  of  the  exhibitor's  con- 
Mruction.  In  the  pn'^^Mit  ^ize  of  the  machine  the  stream 
i*  Mnmg  enough  to  give  siijns  for  a  distamv  of  10()  miles. 
Tlie  work  is  moved  onlv  hv  the  ele«*tric  <'iirrent  and  the 
cliange  of  its  dinvtion.  The  dial,  which  s<tv«»s  for  giving 
and  receiving  communications,  has  3G  fields.     Tlie  indi- 


cations are  giyen  by  moring  the  arm  the  nearest  way, 
for\«-ard  or  backward,  to  the  intended  field.  The  hand, 
which  notes  the  signs,  turns  always  to  the  right.  At  the 
ordinary  speed  of  the  machine  eight  engines  can  be  given 
every  second.] 

16  Leyseb,  — ,  Leipzig — Manufacturer. 

Electrodynamometer,  with  mirror  and  telescope.    For 
measuring  the  intensity  of  the  galvanic  current. 


17       Lanoe,  Adolph,  OlashiUte — Manu£Eu;turer6. 

Watches,  manufactured  as  in  Switzerland,  by  division  of 
labour.  A  box  \«ith  a  systematic  arrangement  of  all 
parta  of  a  watch,  and  a  series  of  watch  movements  in 
four  difierent  stages  of  manufacture.  Watch  cases  and 
engraved  patterns.  Ten  watches,  anchor  escapements, 
clironometer  balance.  Tlu'ee,  with  eight  stones.  Two  of 
them  in  gold,  eight  in  silver  cases,  one  with  an  arrange- 
ment for  winding-up  the  spring  and  regulating  the  liands, 
without  opening  the  case. 


18  Klkmm,  Geohoe  k  August,  MarJcnetikirchen 
(Agents,  I.  D.  Kohler  and  Son) — Manufacturers. 

Stringed  instruments.  Bresciano  counter  bass  and  vio- 
loncello. VioUn.  (Poola  AlbanL)  Amati,  Stainer,  and 
cord  rim  violins.  Violin  in  the  antique  style.  Bass 
vioL  Guitar.  Violin  bow,  with  silver  ornaments.  Pat- 
tern book  of  all  the  appendages  of  the  violin. 

Wind  instruments.  Chromatic  horn,  in  Fj  ditto 
tnmipet,  in  G,  after  the  newest  style. 

[The  manufiBMituro  of  musical  instruments  for  sale  occu- 
pies many  thousands  of  hands  in  the  Upper  Voigtland, 
and  is  remarkable,  not  only  for  the  cheapness  of  its  pro- 
ductions, but  also  for  the  excellence  of  the  wind  instru- 
ments. Jacob  Stainer,  whose  violins  rivalled  those  of 
Cremona,  Hved  at  Innspruck  in  the  Tyrol,  1647.  Hia 
signature  was  "  Jacobus  Stainer.  In  absam  prope 
Oenipontem  1647."  Bresciano  was  a  noted  bass  maker. 
— H.  E.  D.]  

19  Herold,  C.  O.,  Klingenthal — Manufacturer. 
Wind    instruments.       Tenor-tube,   with    three    conic 

valves.  Brass  retnl  horn,  with  eight  valves.  Brass 
clarionet,  in  E,  with  sixteen  keys.  Ivory  piccolo,  in  D 
\*'ith  ten  keys.     Mouth-hannonica. 

Combs  of  wood ;  two  ])ierced  and  two  figured.  Tlie 
manufacture  of  wood  combs  in  Saxon v  is  extensive,  and 
is  usuallv  combined  witli  tliat  of  musical  instruments, 

m 

20  Glier,   Ferdinand,  k    Son,    Klingenthal  (Agent, 

Frederick    E.    D.     Hast,     18    Aldermanbury) — 

Manufact  iirers. 
Wooden  combs  and  a  book  of  patterns.     Violins,  for 
exportation.    Specimens  of  fiddlesticks.    Guitar.  TnmiiH*t 
of  Gennan  silver.     Comet  of  copper,  in  a  case.     Corno- 
pean of  brass  in  a  case. 

21  Glier,  GoTTLiKiJ,  Markneukirehen — Manufacturer, 
AVind  instrument-^.     Sax  horns.    Bii^le  of  cop|H'r,  with 

eight  keys  of  argent  an.  Biij^le  of  brass,  with  the  same. 
D  llute  of  ebonv,  with  kevs. 

22  SCUUSTEH,  lii'DWiG,  Murkneukirchen — 

Manufact  nn'f. 
Musical  instruments: — Sai'kbut   in    B,    of  gilt   brass, 
with  three  cylinders;  trumiH't  in  G,  of  Gennan  silver; 
comet  B  alto,  of  gilt  brass. 


23        Schuster,    M.,    jvm.,    Markneukirehen     (Agi»nt, 
Charles     Holland,     41     Finsbury     Circus)  — 
Manufacturer. 
AVind  instnnnents  :-  Claritmcts  in  B  and  D,  in  Gennan 

silver,  with  all  the  keys;  B  conut,  with  tlin.v  cylinders; 

bass  cUrionct,  with  all  the  keys. 


ZnucBBHiinr,    Chuujb,    Carltfeld, 


H&rmonicu  and  aocordions : — Chrotniitut  concert  har- 
monicu ;  bttM  and  tenor  harmoniou ;  accordions  of 
for^  and  twentj  notes. 


26    Tlis  HoTAi.  Di&KcnoH  of  Railwatb,  Dretdtn. 

Models  of  the  two  great  Tiaductc  of  the  Saxo-BaTUian 
Boilwtkj,  OTCr  the  EUtcr  and  OSIIiich  Tallc^ a. 


27      Lattbbiukh,  H.  L.  &  Sons,  Morgtitr6tltt,  near 
Auerback — Uanubcturen. 
Tin  goods.    Pot«  and  pang  (culintuy  utensils)  used  in 
BaTuia.    Machinee  for  making  coffee.    Iron  spoon*. 

26       Bbchstbiksb,  Jodh  BiISSH,  GmnetBilt,  mot 
Le^ag — Inventor. 
Twent^^-eight  specimens  of  iTOod-Bcmrs. 

29  Wou,J.H.,£iH^ri&U,m(irCtiMM;^s— Hanufacturer. 
Iron  wares.    An  assortment  of  nails,  riTets,  and  tacks. 


30  XsniBBOLE  &  TBiKva,  2ftuHadi,  n&ar  Siolfmt 
— Hannfiicturers. 
Bteel  irares.  Various  pocket-knives,  irith  &om  one  to 
thirtj-two  blades,  and  with  ornamented  bandies ;  knires 
for  iTutting  the  end  of  cigars ;  champagne  knires  \  table 
kniTM,  ka.  Hangers  and  daggers,  with  figured  handles. 
Bi1ubit«d  for  ezeoution  and  orrangementi 

.31         Lbtt,  Hesmakv,  Z)r«nfn»— Bfanufiu!turCT. 

Carrina  knife  and  fork;  with  handles  of  solid  motbet-of- 
pearl,  and  pins  of  silver. 

32  Thttebiobh,  F.  T.,  Jfnu«>— Uanu&cturer. 

A  gun  with  t,  double  barrel,   on  a  new  percussion 

principle.  __^ 

33  Btkitbi,  Thbodos,  k  Son,  Leipzig  (Agent,  Phillipa 

Brothers,  SI  Ccickipur  Btrect)— Manufactuierv. 
Plate,  or  silver  worki.      A  rase  with  fifteen  silver 
flowers,  weight  93 1  ounces. 


Eight  SI 
with  four  I 


Jahn,  AnouBT,  Dreidai — Hanu&ctum'. 


36    BtmKATT,  KniMUB,  BeudnU*,  mar  LeipMig  (Agent, 
Cbarlos  Holland,  41  Finsbury  Circus) — Uanuuuiturer. 

Composition  goods  :~Fl>jthingi  for  ohildren.  Sets  of 
coffee  and  tea  things,  &e.  Toil^,  csskets,  cigar-boxes, 
4c  

36  Homumi,  Fbbdebic,  S^bufi— Msnu&cturar. 
Farts  of  lamps  for  the  trade,  made  of  braai.    Lamp- 
burners  in  difi^reol  numbers.    Bcgulating  jocks.    Tubes 
with  screw  thread. 

37  GbuHIi,   Fbedebic,    Kleimcelia,    near    Bantxet- 

(Agent,  Mr.  Mollalieo,  97  llatton  Onrden,  Hol- 
bom) — Manufitcturer. 

A  bell  of  btonte,  with  iron  clappor  and  tackle. 

The  following  cut  representa  this  belL 

[This  bell  weighs  760  lbs.  On  the  front  side  U  a 
crucifii  raised  from  the  belL  On  the  bell  ore  the  inscrip- 
tions in  English  and  German  :  "  Come  before  the  Lord, 
and  worship  him  in  the  beauty  of  holiness."  TTm  w 
of  the  bell  shows  in-has  relief  a  head  of  Christ,  after  the 
model  of  the  medallion  cut  by  Ur.  Hofgiirtler  SctlKirth, 
of  I>resden,  and  bears  on  each  side  the  following  qipro- 
prial«  inscriptions : — 


"  Serve  llio  Lord  with  gladness." — "  Come  before  liis 
pnweiice  with  singing." 

Tlie  onuunents  are  designed  by  fill.  Schramm,  of  Ztttsu, 
and  niodvllHl  by  the  sculptor  Schulze,  of  Batilzcn.J 

38  SmirBB,  E.  W^  (?*<•» Bi(j—Manulacturer. 
Cotton  ysm  of  diffident  numbers. 

39  Hetmann,  G.  p.,  CJemni^i— Manufsetunir. 
Cotton  yarn  of  diffuretit  nmnburB  and  qiuilitios, 

40  DoDEUER,  Georoe,  Zaelapau — SlanuioctunT. 
Cotton  yam  for  stockings. 

41  HOEFFEB,  C.  F.,  TannetArrg,  near  Aimaberif 

— Manufaclurcr, 
SiH^cimcns  of   twist,    Nos.  30,    40,    50,    spun    from 
Georgia.  

42  Fanbi  k  BAUBcmu),  Cheitmilt — Uanufactuivrs. 


44  TuK  SocisTY  of  WoasTBD  Spinsbbs,  Leipsuf 

— ManufactatiTB. 
Tableau,  showing  theproeesa  of  worsted  spinning,  from 
the  raw  wool  np  to  the  finest  jam. 
Specimens  of  worsted  yarns  of  different  numbers. 

45  TnrNirs  k  Soita,  leipiiy— Manu&clurCTs. 
Acoilivlion  of  worsted  yams,  raw  and  coloured,  various 

tlireads.     Dyed  by  Bsrgmann  and  Co.,  Beilin. 


SAXONY. 


1107 


46    Pktzoldt  &  Ehbbt,  Beichenbach — Manu&cturera. 
Wonted  yams,  of  different  numbon. 


47  SoLBRio,  C.  F.,  Cketnmtt — ^Manufacturer. 
Wonted  and  woollen  yam,  of  different  numbers. 

48  Wolff,  W.  H.,  BurgHadt^  near  Chemmtt— 

Manuracturer. 

WooDen  soft  worsted  jam  (raw),  various  Nos.,  each 
6  Iba.  weight ;  \  lbs.  Noe.  24  and  26  on  the  reel. 

49  Schmidt,  J.  Q-.,  jun.,  k  Sons,  AUenburg  and 

Pemg — ^Manu&cturers, 
Woollen  jarn,  in  different  colours,  and  a  book  of 


[The  number  of  wool-spinning  &ctorie9  at  present  in 
opemtkm  in  Saxony  has  been  estimated  at  about  120.  Of 
tint  immber  40  are  concerned  in  spinning  worsted  yam, 
noagkfj  in  this  manuflEusturo  about  54,000  spindles ; 
180  spin  woollen  yams  with  a  power  of  about  80,000 
The  excellcnoe  of  the  Saxon  cloth  productions 
fa  ftmflinfy  known.— B.E.] 


£0   J^KBSLkBCBJTAViLT^Frankenberg — ^Manufacturers. 
Biflh  nlk  stnffii  for  tapestry,  furniture,  carriages,  &c. 
damaak,  brocatelle,  and  coteline.    Portrait  woven 
A  flag  of  double  satin,  with  fringes,  &c. 


50a  Boikiiho  &  Co.,  Annaherg^  Saxony — ^Manufekcturers. 
Bich  silk  stuffs,  viz.: — Lampas.     Damas  lizer^.     Bro- 
doie  Pompadour  moir^  ^  reserve.  Fa9onn^  lano^  d^up^. 
Fa^onn^  guo^*    Armure. 

51  BrrsR'fi  Widow  k  Co.,  2iit1au  (Agents,  John  Wilson 
k  Sons,  159  New  Bond  Street) — Maniifiicturers. 
Linen  damask  table  cloths ;  tray  cloths ;  with  napkins 
and  doyleys — ^raw,  white,  and  bleached. 

fTlic  manufacture  of  linen  damasks,  one  of  the  oldest 
dt'liartments  of  Saxon  industry,  is  situated  in  that  part  of 
tlw  kingdom  caUcnl  Upper  Lusacc  (Oberlausitz),  the  centre 
of  which  is  the  town  of  Zittau.  The  weaverB  reside 
prinnpally  in  the  vQlagea  of  Schimau  niul  Waltersdorf, 
ami  in  the  neiglibourhood ;  Grosa-Sclu'mau  is,  indeed,  the 
cradle  of  this  industry.  The  mercliant -manufacturers 
trading  in  tliis  article  reside  partly  in  Gross-Sehonau, 
I«rtly  in  Zittau ;  tlierc  arc  also  a  few  firms  at  Dresden  and 
U'ipzig.]  

it2  LiKflKF.  k  IIaehlek,  Gross- Schiinau^  near  Zittau 
(Agent,  Philip  Ainsel,  2A)  Providence  Row, 
Finsbiirj*  Square) — Manufoet  urers. 

Linen  (damasks),  raw  and  hleache<l.  Table  tea-cloths, 
and  napkins  of  different  prices,  sizes,  and  qualities. 


X\  Waextio,  Cur.  David,  &  Sons,  Gross- Schonau, 
n^ar  Zittau  (A|;ent,  Charlet*  llollaiid,  41  Fins- 
bury  Cinnis) — ManufactiuH'rs. 

Manufat'tun^  in  linen  damask — viz. :  A  large  tahle- 
rlotli,  unbleached.  Napkins ;  all  linen,  unhleaehixl  and 
white ;  half-silk,  crimson,  and  eliamois ;  half  linen,  red 
and  wliite. 

.Sorii-s  of  table-clot  lis,  with  na]>kinH,  of  pure  linen- 
bh«elMHl  (Unuisk ;  including  pieces  exc»eute<l  in  the  years 
1770,  1775,  IWK),  1S05,  1810,  ISIK,  1835,  lai-t,  and 
185<»,  to  show  the  liistorical  j)n)gn*ss  of  the  art. 

Half-silk  and  silk  damahk  napkins,  })artly  with  fringes. 

/V4     Pkoelss,  sen.,  k  Sons,  Dresden — Manufacturers. 

Table-cloths  of  raw  and  white  linen  damask.  Napkins 
<*  f  raw  and  white  Unen  damask,  witli  armorial  bearings. 
I  damask  dojleys. 


55  Branbstbtteb,  F.,  Leipzig — Manu&eturor. 
Tablc-cloth  of  linen  diaper,  24  feet  long,  8  feet  wide. 

Napkins. 

56  BosHLBB,  F.  L.,  k  Son,  P^anat-- Mannfeottirers. 
White  cotton  fabrics  and  embroideries :  —  Plain  mull, 

figured  cambric,  plain  and  figured  curtain-gauze. 

dhnrtains  in  figured  mull,  figured  nansoc  stripes,  em- 
broidered jaconet  stripes. 

Fine  embroidered  handkerchiefs  of  linen. 


57  IIetnio,  J,  O.,  k  Co.,  Plauen — ^Manu&ctuivrs. 
Cotton  goods  for  ouriains : — Ghiuze  with  borders,  figured. 

C^uze,  with  borders  k  joiur.  Figured  damask.  Flam  muU. 
Cambric.    Jaconet. 

[This  very  important  branch  of  Saxon  industry,  the 
cotton  manufacture,  has  its  seat  in  that  part  of  the  king- 
dom called  the  Yoigtland ;  the  centre  of  it  is  Flauein, 
where,  and  in  some  Uttlo  neighbouring  towns,  the  merchant- 
manufacturers  reside.  All  the  goods  are  woven  by  hand- 
weavers  on  Jacquard  and  embroidering  looms,  in  their  own 
houses ;  many  thousands  of  them  are  at  work  in  the  towns 
and  villages  of  the  country.  The  patterns  for  the  figured 
goods  are  procured  by  the  merchant-manufacturers.  The 
goods  embroidered  by  hand  are  chiefiy  worked  by  girls. 
The  bleaching,  dressing,  and  finiwhiTig  of  the  goods  are 
done  in  the  establishments  of  the  manu£MsturerS)  or  in 
establishments  erected  for  that  purpose.] 

58  Kbause,  C.  G.,  &  Co.,  Planen — Manufacturers. 

Embroideries ; — Figured  jaconet;  embroidered  mulls; 
figured  and  coloured  garnitures. 

59  Mavmxn,  F.  a.,  k  Co.,  PZon^ii— Mann&cturert. 
Embroideries  in  mull,  half  cambric,  jaconet,  and  linen 

cambric.    Capes  and  handkerchiefs,  tamboured,  embroi- 
dered with  the  needle  and  with  the  loom. 


GO  ScHMiPT,  G.  F.,  &  Co.,  Plauen  (Agents,  TJUmann, 
Ilirsehhom,  &  Co.) — Manufactmvrs. 
Embroideries  on  jaconet,  silk  and  cambric,  done  with 
cotton  and  silk.  A  set  of  furniture;  easy  chair,  pillow 
and  cushions  embroidered  k  la  Francaisc;  footstool; 
window  curtains  with  fringes  ;  wall  basket  ;  table  cover ; 
shades;  letter  case;  pincushion,  embroidered  in  the 
French  style.         

fil  MEixnOLD  &  Stoffbeoen,  Plauen — Manufactuivrs. 

Embroideries : — Muslin  curtains,  rose  and  white  (broch^ 
brode),  new  ])attems  worked  with  the  Jacquard  loom ; 
gauze  curtains,  wliite  (broch^,  worked  with  the  Jacquard 
loom ;  embroidered  {ynXYi  the  needle)  linen  handkerchiefs  ; 
mulls,  plain  and  figiured. 

n2  ScnxORR  k  SxEiNnAVSEB,  Plauen — Manufacturers. 

Embroideries  in  mull,  French,  and  Scotch  cambric  and 
net.  Pair  of  sltx^es  of  mull  in  the  pagoda  fasliion ; 
emhroidenHl  collars  ;  cambric  collars  k  1' Anglaise ;  guipures 
of  net  work ;  chemisettes  of  mull,  K  la  Duchesse,  k  la 
Marie,  k  Tamazone ;  cambric  pocket  liandkerehiefs,  Eng- 
lish embroidery  ;  poiket  handkcrcliief  of  French  cambric  ; 
morning  dress  of  Scotch  cambric  ;  robes  of  mull ;  pillow 
of  French  cambric. 


03  Glaeser,  Ferdinand,  Lengenfeld^  near  Auerbaeh 

— Manufacturer. 
Cambrics,  jaconets,  and  jaconets  spotted,  of  different 
qualities.     Kxhil)ite<l  for  cheapness,  and  for  the  quantity 
in  wliieh  thiT  are  manufactunxl. 

i}-i     Hrtzer,  Ernst,  k  Sox,  Auerbaeh — Manufacturers. 

Fine   white   fancy  cotton  gcKxls : — Gauze  ramage  for 
curtains,  jai'onet,  batist,  and  organdy. 


1108 


SAXONY. 


65  BsCK,  G.  F.,  ffohenttein — ^Manufacturer. 
Cotton  woven  goods  (piqu^)  : — Corerlets,  figured;  red, 

plain,  and  rough.    Pique  petticoats. 

66  Stoelzel,  G.  F.,  &  Son,  Eibenstock—  Manufacturers. 

-  Embroideries  in  mull  jaconet,  linen  cambric,  and  cotton 
gauze.  Capes :  festooned  of  jaconet,  mull  and  cambric, 
guiped  of  cotton  gauze,  of  net  work,  black  and  white 
chemisettes.  Bonnets,  of  thread ;  of  white  net  work ; 
white,  black,  and  coloured  with  rosettes  and  fringes,  with 
gold ;  double  black  with  barbe,  of  net  work.  Yisites, 
pelerines,  mantillas,  and  shawls,  yarious.  Laces :  Brussels 
and  coloured  woollen. 


67  Pbism,  Emily,  JEibenHock,  Manufskstiu'ers.  (Agent, 

A.  Heintzmann,  17  Ironmonger  Lane,  Cheapside.) 
Laces: — ^Bone  laces;    complete  gown,  volant.     Em- 
broidered ;  veil,  corset.  Bertha  of  crape,  fanclieon  of  blaok 
net  work,  mixed  with  yellow ;  fancheon  of  white  net  work. 

68  FoEBSTEB,  F.,  EibenttocJe  (Agent,  H.  Kohnstamm, 

7  Union  Court,  Broad  Street — Manu&cturer. 

Embroidered  capos,  ruffles,  bonnets,  barbes,  veils,  shawls, 
and  pelerines. 

Chemisettes ;  embroidered  handkerchiefs  ;  Brussels  and 
zephyr  ladies'  jackets ;  white  blonde>lace  barbe,  &e. 

Laces  : — Zephyr  bed  laces,  black  bobbin,  black  silk 
laces,  genuine  blondes,  and  a  long  black  barbe. 

[This  branch  of  industry  occupies  more  than  20,000 
hands  in  the  mountainous  parts  of  Saxony,  called  the 
Erzgebirge.    All  the  articles  are  made  by  hand.] 

69  DOEBFFEL,    C.    G.,    &,   SoKS,    JSibenHoolk   (Agent, 

Charles  Holland,  41  Finsbury  Circus) — Manu- 
fiicturers. 
Laoes : — ^White  thread  $  black  silk  laoe  insertion ;  and 
black  silk  laoes. 


70  KoBSTSB  k  UHLMAinr,  Sehneelerg  (Agent,  £.  k  H* 

Blank,  10  Trump  Street,  King  Street,  Cheapside) — 
Manufacturers. 
Laces : — Imitation,  Valenciennes,  and  Brusseb. 
Embroideries: — Capes;  Valenciennes;  zephyr  network; 
ruffles ;  handkerchiefs  of  cambric ;  blaek  silk  half  veils ; 
Berthas  and  barbes ;  mantillas ;  and  shawl  of  zephyr  net 
work,  Ac.  

71  ScHRBiBSB,  F.  A.,  Dresden — Manu&cturer. 
Laoes  and  embroideries,  imitation  Brussels.    Volants ; 

bertha ;  barbe ;  echarpe.  Embroidered  scar(  in  the 
ancient  style  ;  barbe,  Bertha,  ko.  Embroideries :  collars, 
ruffles,  pocket  handkerchiefe,  &c. 

72-83  The  United  Merchant  Manu&cturers :  Friedbich 
k  Son,  Nacre  k  Gehbenbeck,  Neubeb,  Fbied- 
'  bioh,  SoLBBia,  Fbano,  Wex  k  Likdneb,  all 
in  ChemtUtz ;  Glaeseb,  J.  S.^un.,  in  SchoenaUf 
near  Chemnitz ;  Hasbtel,  H.  C,  in  Walden- 
burghs  Pesteb,  August,  in Xtm^ocA ;  Meinebt 
Bbothbbs,  in  Oeltrntz ;  Landobafv  Gott- 
VBIED,  Hohenttein ;  Webendoebffbb,  H.,  k 
Sons,  in  lAchtengtein ;  Sedlao,  Gustay,  in 
Koenigthnuck^  Producers.  (Agents  for  Nacke 
k  G«hrenbeck  and  Friedrich  k  Son,  W.  Meyer- 
stein,  15  Watling  Street.  Agent  for  Wex  k 
Lindner,  A.  Heintzmann,  17  Ironmonger  Lane, 
Cheapside.  For  H.  C.  llaertel  and  G.  Landgrafi*, 
D.  Joshua,  34  King  Street,  Cheapside). 
Men*s    and  women's  hose;    half   hose;   men*s   and 

women's  gloves ;  children's  and  boys'  hose ;  half  hose  and 

jackets ;  gloves ;  drawers ;  and  caps ;  wooUen  and  cotton 

camisols;    amazons,  &o.,  brown,   white    and    coloured. 

Women's  hose:   brown  lace,  white  lace,  and  silk  em- 

broidored,  kc. 

[The  articles  here  exhibited  represent  systematically 

one  of  the  most  important  branches  of  Saxon  industry. 

The  manufacture  of  hosiery  goods,  principally  in  ootton, 


but  also  in  wool,  linen,  and  flax,  employs  more  than  30,000 
looms,  almost  all  of  them  being  oentndised  near  the  towns 
of  Chemnitz,  Penig,  Waldenburg,  Hohenstein,  and  Lich- 
tenstein,  where  all  Uttle  places  and  villages  abound  with 
stocking-weavers.  The  total  number  of  hands  amount  9 
to  45,000.  The  merchant-manuGsu^urers  that  collect  tlie 
products  for  sale  (generally  through  the  medium  of 
fSftctors)  reside,  most  of  them,  at  Chemnitz,  Limbach, 
Hohenstein,  Lichtenstein,  Oelsnitz,  and  Waldenburg.] 


I 


84  Beckeb  k  ScHBAPS,  Chemmtz — Spinners  and 

Printers, 
Printed  calicoes,  fast  colours.    Bibbed  cotton  cloth, 
printed  with  eight  steam  colours.     Cotton  handkerchiefs, 
madder  work.    Cotton  cravats  and  neckerchiefs,  of  various 
styles.  

85  LoHSE,  Edwabd,  Chemnitz  (Agent,  W.  Meyerstcin, 

16  Watling  Street) — Manufacturer. 

Damasks  for  furnitures  in  half  silk,  all  silk,  half  wool, 
and  cotton,  named  Valentia,  imperial,  fobelin,  berakan, 
president,  rips,  kc. ;  foulard  lustnng,  hall  silk ;  plain  and 
figured  cotton  cameleons ;  figured  gmghams ;  table-covers 
and  bed-cover  of  half  silk,  hfuf  wool,  and  cotton  damask. 

Glazed  gingham ;  cravats,  cotton  jaconet ;  atlas,  and 
half  silk  satin. 

[The  manufacture  of  cotton,  wool,  and  silk-mixed 
damasks,  and  similar  stufi^,  occupies  in  Chemnitz  and  the 
neighbourhood  above  2000  Jacquard  looms,  only  a  few 
of  which  are  in  Victories,  most  of  them  belonging  to 
hand-weavers  working  at  home.  To  provide  them  with 
patterns  and  the  material,  as  well  as  the  finishing  and 
dressing  of  the  goods,  is  the  business  of  the  merchant- 
manufacturers  residing  at  Chemnitz.  This  branch  of 
the  Saxon  industry  has  made  great  progress  during  the 
last  ten  years.]      

86  H0E8EL,  KoBEBT,  k  Co.,  Chemmtz — Merchants. 
Damasks  : — ^Woollen  purple,  green,  crimson.    Silk  and 

wool,  two  and  three  coloured  brown,  striped  gobelins,  and 
two.coloured  green.  Cotton  and  wooUen,  scarlet,  light- 
blue,  brown,  green,  crimson,  royal  blue,  nacaratho,  kc 
Table-covers. 

87  BoEHBia    k  Albbbcht,    Chemnitz  (Agent,    W. 

Meyerstein,    15    Watling    Street)  —  Manufac- 
turers. 
Damasks : — Cotton,  cotton  and  wool,  cotton,  wool,  and 
silk,  wool  and  silk,  in  various  colours. 

88  Setfvebt  k  Bbxyeb,  Chemnitz  (Agents,  Gottscluilk 
k  Schroeder,  72  Basinghall  Street) — Manufacturers. 

Damask  in  different  colours,  named  Victoria  gobelin, 
coloured  gobelin,  coloured  imperial ;  silk-striped ;  woollen 
and  cotton,  wooUen,  silk,  and  cotton.  Table-cover,  named 
gobelin  tapis. 

89  VooEL,  WiLLiAK,  Chemnitz  (Agent,  D.  Joshua, 

34  King  Street,  Cheapside) — Manufacturer. 
Stufis : — ^Woollen,  cotton,  and  silk  mixed.  Fancy  articles, 
named  satin  laine,  satin  laine  ray^  soie,  satin  cotton,  ko. ; 
damas  mi  soie  velout^,  royal  mi  soie,  royal  coloured, 
wooUen  and  sUk  mixed ;  wooUen,  silk,  and  cotton ;  wooUen 
and  cotton. 

[The  manufacture  of  worsted  and  mixed  goods  is  con- 
centrated, with  few  exceptions,  in  the  towns  of  Glauchau 
and  Meerane,  and  the  neighbourhood.  The  goods  are 
woven  by  hand- weavers  in  their  own  houses,  and  the 
business  is  carried  on  by  the  manufiftcturers,  as  is  the  case 
with  the  other  branches  of  Saxon  textUe  production.  Tlie 
number  of  looms  engaged  in  that  department  of  industry 
amounts  to  10,000  and  more.] 


SAXONY. 


1109 


90  Thtmcbb  &  ToEPFFER,  ChemnHz  (Agents,  G^ebha^dt, 

Bottman,  &  Co.,  83  Hatton  Gbrden)  —  Manu- 
facturers. 
Damaaka: — Silk,  cotton,   and  wool  imperial;   cotton 
imperial;  furniture  in  cotton  and  wooL    Table-covors — 
patent,  cotton,  and  cotton  and  wool.    Fancy  stuffs — 
robes,  satin  laine  fa^nn^. 

91  WiKKLEB  k  Soy,  Rochlitz — Manufacturers. 
Worsted  stuffs  from  soft  worsted  jam : — Satin  double; 

maroquin  laine;  cuir  de  laine;  popeline  laino;   velours 
laine ;  Telours  ray^ ;  Gaabemir,  electa. 

This  exhibitor  is  the  cbief  representative  of  the  produc- 
tion of  tlie  ftoeat  goods  from  soft  worsted  yam  in  Saxony. 
The  tttades  are  all  woven  by  hand  weavers  in  their  houses. 

92  ZnsoLSB    &  Haussmaxn,    Olauchau  (Agent,    J. 

Burroughs,  18  Addle  Street) — Manufacturers. 

Woollen  stuffs  (made  from  soft  worsted  vam,  mixed 
with  silk) ;  fancy  articles  named  poult  do  soie,  Amiennc, 
Gaahmir,  Thibet,  satin  imperial,  satin  de  Saxe,  cassimer 
tiam,  Ac. 

This  and  the  next  eight  exhibitors  represent  an  im- 
portant branch  of  the  industry  of  Saxony,  employing  a 
tuge  number  of  hand-looms  in  Glauchau  and  the  neigh- 
bourhood* 

93  EOKHLBB  &  ScHEDLicn,  Olauchau  (Agent,  Edward 

Buchler) — Manufacturers. 
Stofb,  fancies,  wool,  cotton  and  silk  mixed,  named 
Sooaaais,  Islvennes,  Stradellas,  Amiennes,  Yelout^,  Favo- 
ritaa,  printed  yelout45s,  kc. 

94  GuKXTHEB  k  SlHOX,  Olauchau — Manufactiux)rs. 

Worsted  stuffs — ^Yalentia,  Estella,  Cachcmiricnne,  and 
Armure. 


95  Fachjdes  k  Co.,  Olauchau  (Agent,  W.  Meyerstein, 

15  Watling  Street) — Manufacturers. 
Shawls — long,  mosaique,  teutonia,  zephyr,   Cashmere, 
yancy,  Ac. 

96  IlECKEB&TA9Cn,G/at/rArtu  (Apeiits,  Cooper  &  Blngg, 

44  Friday  Street,  Cheapside) — Manufac'turcra. 

Various  fancy  ptuffii,  woollen  aTid  cotton,  namwl  Lom- 
bard, Montpensier,  Cashmeres*,  tartan,  and  trisana ;  and 
woollm,  named  pure  laine,  first  and  second  quality, 
sprinkled ;  eameleon,  woollen. 

97  ScniFPXEB  &  Zimmerman N,  Olauchau — 

Mannfacturers. 
Worsted   stuffs  : — Stalimene ;    Melpomene,   all   wool ; 
Mel)X)mene,  half  silk;  AqueUnej  Castiglioue;  Montauban; 
Stalimene,  lialf  Bilk. 


98  TBi>'Ka,  Edward,  Glauchau — Manufacturer. 
Stuffs;    wool,  and  wool   and   cotton   mixe<l.       RoIx^p, 

Florida,  and  fa<;onnee      Llama,  f(^r  ladies'  cloaks.     Robes 
popeline;  fa<;onnee;  andstriiwd;  Imitee. 

99  Stauss  k  Letschner,  Olauchau  (Agents,  IL  Oppen- 

heim  k  Co.,  15  Addle  Stn*et) — Manufacturers. 
Fine  worsted  goods.     All  worsted,  gros,  niixiHl,  Mont- 
peni»ier,  thread  warp,  worsted  weft.     Llama,  made  witli 
tliTL-ad  war|>  and  woollen  weft,  and  with  silk  waq)  and 
worsted  weft. 


100  The  Weavkrs'  School,  Glauchau. 

Stuffs ;  wool,  and  wool  and  cotton ;  robe  faquard ; 
chnles,  or  nhawls,   woollen  and  silk. 

Sjjecimens  worke<l  by  the  scholars  of  this  institution, 
wluch  is  supported  by  the  manufactun»rs  of  Glauchau. 

101  Oruexek,  F.  AV.,  Glauchau— Vroilwcar. 

Woollen  stuffs  (worsted  soft  varus) — Thibet s,  sui^^rfine 
quality,  different  colours.     Dyed  by  the  exhibitor. 


102  Gbaepb,  J.  F.,  &  Sow,  Meerana — Manufacturers. 
Woollen  and  half-wooUen  fismcy  stuffs — Montpensier, 

Cachcmiriennea.  Plaids,  first  and  second  quality.  ChAles, 
damask. 

[Theae  and  other  articles  exliibited  represent  a  branch 
of  industry  rivalling  those  of  Glauchau,  and  remarkable 
for  the  immense  quantity  of  its  productions  and  the 
cheapness  of  the  articles.] 

103  DiETBiCH  &  Stbaff,  Meerana — Manufacturers. 
Worsted  woollen    fancy  .  stuffs ;    and    mixed  tartan^ 

Cachcmiricnne,  Montpensier,  Odeon  checks,  and  sating. 

104  BiCHTEE,  Henby  Ludw.,  Meerana — (Agent,  A. 

Heitzmann,   17  Ironmonger  Lane,  Cheapside) — 

Manufacturer. 
Half  woollen  stuffs — Angora,  mixed  with  silk.     Mont- 
pensier.   Napolitaine,  first  and  second  quality.    Muslin 
d'Ecossc.  

105  Glapey  &  Neubabth,  22rtcA«iAacA — Manufactiurers. 
Woollen   stuffs  and   printed  covers.    Table-covers   of 

cloth  and  Circassienne,  and  printed  fiannel.  Atlas.  Super- 
fine wooUen  atlas,  made  from  soft  worsted  yam,  by 
Petzolt  and  Elu^t. 

[This  and  the  next  exliibitor  represent  a  branch  of  Saxon 
industry  peculiar  to  Keichenbach  and  its  neighbourhood, 
producing  good  and  cheap  articles  for  use.] 

1 06  Seypeeth,  John,  k  Co.,  Beichenbach — 

Manufacturers. 
Woollen  fancy  stuffs  and  printed  shawls.     Cashmere* 
Llama.     Victoria  shawls,  printed  in  different  colours  and 
patterns.  

107  Lehmaxn,  C.  G.,  Boehrigen^  near  Sostwein  (Agents, 

Gottschalk  k  Schroeder,  72  Basinghall  Street)— 

Manufacturer. 
Woollen  and  mixed  stuffs : — ^Llama-flannels  of  different 
colours,  and  plaid  patterns  for  mantles;  buckskin,  entirely 
woollen  ;  molleton,  pepper  and  salt ;  swan-skin  for  shirts 
and  chemisettes,  with  cotton-warp ;  baize,  with  cotton- 
warp,  for  petticoats,  striped,  quarried  and  striiMxl  witli 
borders. 

108  BOETTIGER,  ir.  G.  F.,  Crimmitzschau — 

Manufacturer. 
Woollen  stuffn,  viz.,  cassuict,  green,  blue,  brown,  black, 
and   mixed.     Tricot  cora.     Double  cassinct  black;   and 
mixed.     Cashmere. 

[The  manufacture  of  caesinets,  elastics,  satins,  buckskins, 
and  similar  articles,  forming  the  transition  to  the  clothing 
manufacture,  is  almost  concentrated  in  Crimmitzschaiu 
The  goods,  with  few  exceptions,  arc  done  by  liand- weavers. 
The  spinning,  dn^ssing,  and  finishing  macliines,  sometimes 
also  the  dveinp-houses,  are  in  the  establisluuents  of  the 
manufacturers.]  

109  BuRKUVRT, II. Tn.,  Crimmilzschau — Manufacturer. 
Woollen    stuffs.     Winter   and    summer  elastics,    and 

cassinet  mixed. 

1 1 0  CoLLEL,  Frederic,  Crimmilzschau — Manufacturer. 
Woollen   stuifs — cassinet,   summer   satin,   and   winter 

buckskin. 

111  IlrEFFEB,  IL,  Crimmilzxchau — Manufa<'turer. 
Woollen  fancy  stuffs,  for  paletots  and  trousers.     Buck- 
skin, of  various  qualities,  for  summer  and  winter.    Ori'y 
and  green  cassinet«». 

112  Helmng,    C).,    k    Co.,    Crimmilzschau    (Agnits, 

Barthelmes  and  Buckup,   28  Swan   t1iaiiilH*n», 
Grt'sham  Stnn't) — Manufacturers. 
Woollen  stuffs — Summer  aud  winter  elastics. 


1110 


SAXONY. 


113    K1B8TBN,  C.  W.,  CrimmUz9chau — ^ManufSM^turer. 
Woollen  BtuffB  %  oassinet,  and  siumner  buokakin. 


114  EATTFTiCAim,  C.  H..  &  Son,  CrmmUztcha^ — 

Manufigtcturers. 
Woollen  stuffs.    Zephyr,  deep  scarlet ;    Peravionne ; 
paletot ;  winter  and  siumner  elastics :  summer-satin,  and 
cassinet.  

115  MuiELLEB  &  Co.,  Crimmitxschau — Manufacturers. 
Woollen  stuffs ;  summer  and  winter  buckskin. 


116  OsHLXB  BsOTHBBS,  CrimmUz9ch<iM — Manufacturers. 

Woollen  stuffs.    Cassinet  of  different  colours ;  black 
doeskin ;  satinet,  drab-oolour ;  glao^. 

117  Spsngleb,    Charles,    CrimmUueham'-' 

Manufiicturer. 
Woollen  stuffs.    Winter  buckskin. 


118  Matthbss,  C,  iun.,  Ztekopau^  near  Chemnitz — 

Manufacturer. 
Cassinet,  woven  on  power-looms. 

[The  manufacture  of  damask  and  figured  woren  goods, 
mixed  of  cotton,  wool,  and  silk,  occupies  many  thousand 
hands  and  Jacquard  looms  in  Chemnitz  and  its  neigh- 
bourhood.]   

119  ZscHiLLB,  F.,  &  Co.,  Ot<^9»enhain  (Agents  in  Lon- 

don, Barthelmes  k  Buokup,  28  Swan  Chambers, 
Gresham  Street) — Manufacturers. 
Buckskin,  of  Tarioua  patterns.    Satin,  black  and  light 
blue.    Doeskin,  &o. 

120  SCHBGBEB,  F.  W.,   Oechatz  (Agents  in  London, 

Barthelmes  &    Buckup,  28  Swan    Chamb^s, 
Gresham  Street) — Manufacturer. 
Satin,  bronse  and  green ;  cassimere,  bronse  and  olive ; 
Duffel  cloth,  black ;  black  satin. 

The  pieces.  No.  1267, 1250,  and  B  99,  are  made  by  C. 
F.  Knnze,  Osohats. 

120  a.         Etmn,  G.  F.,  0«cAa/r— Manufiicturer. 
Specimens  of  bronse  and  green  satin,  and  black  duffell- 

clotn. 

121  Bbbkhabd,  Will.,  Leiemg — Manufiicturer. 

Woollen  stufi^  buckskin  for  paletots  and  great-coats, 
oalmuos,  great-coats,  &o. 

122  Hbbbkakk,  F.  G.,  &  Son,  BMkofnoerda — 

Manufiicturers. 
Coloured  cloths  of  finest  quality.    Black  cloth  of  fine 
quality. 

[The  following  exhibitors  are  placed  according  to  the 
fineness  of  their  goods.  The  clothing  manufacture  of 
Saxony,  employing  more  than  8,000  men  and  4,000  looms, 
has  its  seat  in  a  number  of  little  towns,  where  the  weavers 
are  associated  in  companies  or  guilds.  The  spinning, 
dressing,  shearing,  fulling,  and  finishing  machines  are 
sometimes  collected  in  the  establishments  of  single  manu- 
iiacturers ;  but  not  unfirequcntly  the  companies  keep  their 
own  fulling  machines.  The  dressing  and  finishing  is  in 
some  cases  in  the  hands  of  a  distinct  guild  of  cloth-dreesers 
and  finishers.  For  the  last  ten  years  this  branch  has  made 
essential  progress.  The  principal  centres  of  trade  are 
Bischofswerda,  Camenz,  Grossenhain,  Oschatz,  Leisnig, 
Dobeln,  Rosswein,  Werdau,  Kirchberg,  Lengenfeld.  Each 
of  those  towns  produces  certain  classes  bf  clothes,  and  the 
order  of  towns  and  exhibitors  in  the  catalogue  descends 
from  the  finer  sorts  to  the  eoarost  and  cheapest.] 

123  KoBLiCK,  H.  M.,  ^McAo/Wwnia— Manufiujturer. 
Cloths  of  thin  quality ;  olive,  bronze;,  and  invisible. 


124 


Gbossmank,  Cub.  G.,  Biechoftwerda — 
Manufacturer. 
Superfine  cloth — black,  clare  bronze,  olive,  dark  bronze, 
dark  green,  clare  green,  and  blue. 

125   GbOSBHAKN  BbothsbS,  Bischofswerda^  Dresden, 
and  New  York — Manufacturers. 
Cloth  for  the  United  States  market,  in  eleven  different 
qualities  and  colours,  woven  by  E.  E.  Bernhardt,  at  Leis- 
nig,  dressed  and  made  up  by  the  exhibitors. 


126    MEiasmEE,  T.  F.,  Bischofswerda — ManuCscturer. 
Specimens  of  cloths  of  a  fine  black. 


127     MOBBBITZ,  C.  G.  E.,  Bautzen — Manufacturer. 

Cloths,  coloured  and  unfinished. 

A  tableau  showing  the  whole  process  of  obth-manu- 
&cture,  firom  the  raw  wool  to  the  finished  cloth. 


128  FiEDLBB,  Adolph  D.  Gk)TTLOB,  Oederan    (Agent 

in    London,    Charles    Holland,    41    Finsbury 
Circus)  — Manufacturer. 
Fine  black  doth,  and  light  cloth  for  summer  coats. 

129  Mbisskbb,  F.  T.,  Chvssenhain — Manufacturer. 
Cloths  thin  black;  coloured,  olive  and  blue;  thick, 

black  and  bronze. 


130  Meissneb,  F.  a.,  Orossenhain  (Azents  in  London, 

Barthelmes   L  Buckup,   28    Swan  Chmnbers, 
Ghresham  Street) — Manu&cturer. 
Cloth,  black,  brown,  and  green;    beet  and  middling 
qualities.  

131  JuNOHAKS,  J.  G.,  Chrossenhain — Manufacturer. 
Cloths,  black  and  coloured,  of  different  prices. 


132      Caspabi,  J.  F.,  Chrossenhain  (Agents  in  London, 
Barthelmes  &   Buckup,  28   Swan    Chambers, 
Gresham  Street) — Manufiftcturers. 
Cloth — ^black,  blue-green,  wool-black,  and  bronze. 


133  BUCHWALD,  Bbikhabd,  Chrossenhain-^ 

Manufacturer. 
Black  and  brown  doth,  of  middle  quality. 


134  JAXHNia,  W.,  Orossenhain — Manufacturer. 
Cloths,  black,  brown,  and  blue. 

135  Pbbsspbioh,  Ebkst,  &  Soir,  Orossenhain— 

Manufacturers. 
Various  cloths.    Thick  and  thin  black. 


136  MviBSKKRf'E.,  Orossenhain — Manufacturer. 
Cloth,  pens^  and  blue. 

137  MsiBSNEB,  M.,  Orossenhain  (Agents  in  London, 

Barthdmes   &    Buckup,  2S  Swan  Chambers, 
Gresham  Street) — Manidacturer. 
Cloth,  green  and  olive. 

138  ZscniLLB    Bbothebs,    Orossenhain    (Agento   in 

London,  Barthelmes  k  Buckup,  28  Swan  Cham- 
bers, Gresham  Street) — Manufacturers. 
Cloth,  first  qualitv,  blue  and  black  ;  second,  groen  and 

black ;  thin  cloth,  for  the  United  States  market,  black 

and  coloured. 

139  Hebbmakk,  W.,  Z«wii^— Manufiicturar. 
Cloths,  of  different  qualities. 


140  Bbichsl,  Chbist.  Fbed.,  .BomMiii— Manufiu^uit^r. 
Coloured  cloths.    Dahlia,  pens^  green,  olive,  bronze, 
scarlet,. mineral  blue,  and  blacV 


SAXONY. 


nil 


141  PmoLDT,  Fbbd.,  Lengrfeld  (Agents,  Barthelmes 
and  Buckup,  28  Swan  Chambers) — Jianufiaoturer. 

Black  doth. 

142  Wolf,  C.  A.,  Kirchberg^  near  Zwickau — 

Manufacturer. 
dotli  of  different  qualities  and  prices,  crimson,  scarlet, 
blufl^  and  black. 

1 43  Wolf,  J.  G.,  sen.,  iSrcWer^— Manufacturer. 
Cloths,  black,  scarlet,  crimson,  various  qualities. 

144  Wolf,  Fbbd.,  Kirchberg — Manu&cturer. 
Woollen  doth,  crimson,  Turkey  red  or  deep  scarlet,  and 

-— '  blue. 


145  SnrOBB,  C.  F.,  Kirchberg — Manufacturer. 
CSoths.    Scariet,  black,  mixed,  indigo  blue,  dark  green, 

kaliUiie. 

146  UiroBB,  C.  G.,  Kirchberg — Manufacturer. 
Clolba,  of  common  quality,  different  colours. 

147  Kbavss,  F.  W.,  Orossenhain  (Agents,  Barthelmes 
and  Buckup,  28  Swan  Chambers) — Manufacturer. 

Printed  woollen  stuffii  for  waistcoats.    Chemical  blue, 
with  black,  and  printed  on  coloured  ground. 


148    BiCK  &  Heyxio,  Olauchau — Manufacturers. 

Garpet  articles  : — Sofa    carpet  with   figures ;    carpet 
bags ;  DOW  pockets;  and  pockets  with  flaps  and  leather  bot- 


149  Bici:,  Hekbt,  Olauchau — Manufiicturer. 
Tapestiy  and  carpet  goods  : — Upper  parts  of  shoes,  cut 

in  the  Turkish  fashion ;  pockets  for  children. 

150  Batz,  Philipp,  Leipzig — Merchant  and 

Manufacturer. 

Ladies*  bags.  Velvet  or  yelvet^ ;  plain ;  embossed  ; 
with  steel  handles ;  with  handles  of  mother-of-pearl. 

Hand  bags.  Embossed;  velvet,  with  small  artificial 
roses. 

1  50a    TEFByBB,  Cabl,  Ros9wein — Manufacturer. 

Lady's  pocket;  interlaced  work  of  zephjT  worsted 
yam. 

151  EiSENSTTCK  &  Co,  Annaherg  (Agent,  C.  U. 

Treibmann)  — Manufacturers. 
Bed  laces  : — wliite  linen  and  black  worsted.     Belts  : — 
half  silk  ;  ribands  with  flattened  gold  and  silver  wire. 

152  HAByEL,  Emil,  Chb.  Annaherg  (Agents,  Conrad 

Ehrenflpcrger  &  Co.,  4  Laurence  Pountney  Place, 
Cannon  Street) — Manufaeturer. 
Black  silk  laces,  of  different  prices  and  qualities ;  tlurcad 
laces,  of  modem  and  ancient  pattcnii)  and  utyle. 


153      Haexkl  BBOxnERS,   Annaherg  (Agents,  J. 
A.  llofftnann  &  Co.) — Manitfacturer**. 
Various  fringes — sewing  fringes,  black  silk ;  black  mo- 
hair and  coloured  mohair. 


154  Oinino  k  Schmidt,  Annaherg  (-rVgents,  Jonas 

Simonson  k  Co.) — Manufactun»rH. 
Button-makers' productions.  Strings  for  curtains.  Cur- 
tain-holders of  cotton,  half  silk  and  wool ;  loops  for  cur- 
tains ;  tassels  for  curtains. 

155  Uhlio'8  Widow,  &  Junckeb,  Annaherg — 

Manufacturers. 
Button-makers'  nro<luctionrt : — I^iulies' but  tons,  with  and 
without  tasm^ls.  String;*  for  laclies'  robes,  with  tassels. 
Tassels  for  pi|)es.  A  garniture  of  inst»rtion  for  ladies' 
robes.  Tassels  for  fumitim;.  Loops  for  cloaks  and  man- 
tcaux. 


166      ScHTTBBET,  Ebkestinb,  Anuoberg — ^Producer. 

Worked  table-cover,  on  net  lace,  after  designs  invented 
and  drawn  by  Mrs.  Schubert. 


157 


MusHLEKDEBLEiK,  C.  P.,  Anuoberg — 
Manufacturer. 
Button-makers'  productions : — ^Twisted  fringes  of  half 
silk,  wool  and  cotton.  Loops,  half  silk.    Chenille,  all  silk. 
Mohair  laces.    India-rubber  galloons,  of  silk,  wool,  and 
cotton. 

[The  button  and  fringe  manufactmro  of  Saxony  is 
principally  centralized  in  the  towns  of  Annaherg  and 
Buckholz.  A  very  large  number  of  persons,  old  and 
young,  are  dependent  upon  this  manufacture,  and  some 
thousands  of  looms  are  engaged  in  diflerent  processes 
connected  with  it.] 


158  Bach,  G.  P.,  &  Sons,  BuchhoU^  near  Annaherg 
(Agent,  C.  H.  Treibmann) — Manufacturers. 

Pringes : — ^White  cotton,  ball,  coloured  ball,  half-silk 
bullion,  half  net,  half  sewing,  sewing  silk  fringes ;  a  large 
number  of  diflerent  patterns. 

Crates : — Half  silk,  worsted,  and  cotton  cr6tes. 

Trimmings : — Half  silk  ;  60  patterns. 

Exhibited  for  cheapness  and  execution. 

159  HsLWBa,  Hans,  Buchhol*^  near  Annaherg  (Agents, 
TJllmann,  Hisschhom,  and  Co.) — ^Manufacturer. 

Pringes : — ^White  cotton,  sewing  and  ball  fringes. 


160    Hn.T.MANy,  Pbed.,  SehnUz^  near  Dresden — 

Manufacturer. 

Button-makers*  productions : — Silk  and  half  silk  but- 
tons. Cords  and  galloons,  of  silk  and  Ispahan,  and  of  silk 
and  genappe.    Bich  black  silk  buttons. 


161     BOELLEB  &  HnsTE,  Leipzig  (Agents,   Qebhardt, 

Bottman,  &  Co.,  83  Hatton  Gbrdcn) — Manufactm-ers. 

Oil  cloths.  Ploor  cloths,  partly  varnished ;  and  oiled 
fustian. 

Black  oiled  musHn;  oil  cloth  sofa-mat;  oiled  fustian 
piano-cover ;  table-covers,  with  various  designs  and  imi- 
tations ;  table-mats,  &c. 

The  manufacture  of  oil  cloths  forms  an  important  branch 
of  Saxon  industry,  principally  concentrated  in  Leipzig. 


162        Qu AST,  Fbedebic,  ieiprrgr — Manufacturer. 

Oil  cloth  ;  oiled  fustian  ;  roimd  table  covers ;  cornered 
table  covers ;  floor  carpets,  double  oiled. 


163     Teitbneb  &  Co.,  Leipzig  (Agents,  Qottsclialk  and 
Schroeder,  72  Basinghall  Street) — Manufacturers. 
Oil  cloth.     Floor  cloth  ;  piano  cover ;  table  covers ;   oil 
fustian,  bronze,  printed,  and  imitation  of  wood  ;    table 
mats  ;   oil  cloth,  in  imitation  of  marble  and  wood. 

[The  manufacture  of  oil-clotlis  is  a  very  important 
branch  of  Saxon  industry,  centred  almost  entirely  at 
Leipzig,  and  producing  goods  for  the  German  market  as 
largely  as  for  foreign  parts.] 


1 64    OoEHBDfO  &  BoEnME,  Leipzig — Manufacturers. 

Oile<l  clotlis: — Painte<l  in  gold  and  silver  and  in  colours ; 
round  table  cover  of  oiled  fustian  (tortoiseshell  pattern)  ; 
table  mats,  floor-cloth,  hnens  and  tickens  for  painters, 
and  oiled  cloths  for  hat  linings. 


165       EnrENKEL,  I.  C.  C,  /)/v#rf^»— Manufacturer. 

Linens  and  tickens  for  painters,  various  lengths  and 
colours.  When  extra  width  is  wantwl,  the  sewing  is  done 
ill  a  way  scarcely  visible,  and  without  injury  to  solidity. 


1G6  WEjci-EriT,  J.  D.,  Leipiig  (Agent,  Cliarlus  Holkml, 
41  Finabmr  Cuviu) — ■Munufuclumr. 
Cloths  for  pianos.     Hsinmer  cloths;  damper  clotlia; 
«id  uiil  green  undcr-cloth, 

3C7  MoBULK,  AcansT,  Pima — Uaniifspturer. 

Artii-lta  inndo  of  felt.  Ladies'  woollmi  aho«s,  One; 
gentlemen'!  ehoes,  of  plain  felt ;  gentlemen's  and  ladies' 
alippers, 

168        FigcnuB,  C.  F.  A,,  .Ba«(«ii— Matiiifaclurer. 

Specimens  of  puper.  Plato  pajwr,  for  stone  and  steel 
plntea.  Printing  pnpor.  Tibbub  pnpcr,  white  nnd  n»e- 
Coloiired.  Writing  pnper.  DranHng  paper,  worked  on  (bo 
enii!c9s  nmoHine,  and  sized  with  vegetabli- glue.  Vegetable 
paper,  for  counter-drawing.  Fapors  for  domunents,  notoa, 
and  bank-notes.  OiganCio  millboard  for  waggon  maiiu- 
facloriBfl. 

[ThiB  eihibitor'a  two  factories  unitedlj  contain  3 
cndlees  maciiinei,  24  hoUnDders,  2  aatining  maclunes, 
taioTpd  bj  6  turbines  and  S  water-wheeli  of  150  liorse- 
power,  cmpio;  about  200  men,  and  pcodueo  about 
1,300,000  lbs.  of  paper  a-jenr.] 


1689        HrETEi,  J.  A.,  i)reirf<»— Manufacturer. 

Sercn  tableau;,  embroidered  with  hair  and  »ilk,  on  silk 
fond ;  Tit.,  tfao  portraits  of  Her  Majeat;  of  England  and 
His  Majesty  of  Saxony,  the  flags  of  all  nntione,  &c. 


X09     GoSTZB,  Hkbhawn,  Leipiig — Manufacturer. 

Kan  Oermau  hair,  called  Brabant  liair,  of  various 
lengths  and  colours,  incbiding  a  well  of  two  yards  and  a 
half.  Natural  hair,  completely  puriBed  and  prrpannl  for 
use,  applicable  for  curls,  ic.,  with  spccinienB  oE  the  aamc 
tuur  dyed.  Hair,  artiflnally  dressed.  The  exhibitor  Mates 
that  he  eroployB  more  than  sereutj  men  in  the  prepara- 
tion of  human  hair  for  sale. 

[Tho  peculiar  chirocten  of  this  auhslonce,  which  ant 
the  sauiB  in  kind,  though  different  in  degree,  in  oU  (.■aees, 
»ro  its  rosistauco  to  docaj,  its  elosticily,  and  its  strength. 
Chenucally,  hair  consists  of  the  usual  organic  elements — 
earbon,  hydrogen,  oij-gen,  and  nitrogen,  united  with  se- 
veral earthy  and  metallic  oiidea.  Human  hair  is  omploynl 
to  aoHie  Hilenl  in  oniiuiiental  work. — R.  E.] 


170     KiKBERMAira  A.,  Buehioh  (Agent,  C.  H. 
Triebmann)— Manufacturer. 
Fapier-machd  : — Groups  of  animals  of  Torioul  sizes 


171  Fkistbl  a  Sos,  Job,  itear   Scliaeeberg — 

Manulaclureni. 
SnulT-boxes  of  tortoiscshcU  ;  and  metal  with  pointings. 
Ladies'    box,    with    silcer    arabesques.     Scottish    boxes. 
Draiight-boord.     ivOTj  box,  with  pointing. 


173      KocKnACSES,  Wiiuix,Joiaiiitgeoiyeiuladl — 
Manufacturer. 
Fancy-boxes  for  toilet ;    travelling  esse  of  rosewood  j 
box  for  counters  J  boxes  of  mother-of-pearl;  cigar-box,  Ac. 


173    PiPPsaiTz,  Jon.  Fa,,  Drftdea — Manufacturer. 

Saddlcra'  goods  : — Saddles  in  tho  English  style,  flat, 
wadded,  and  covered  willi  hog-akin,  complete.  Bridle — 
the  leather  being  pierced,  and  tho  buckles  covered  with 

173i    HicflSHANS,  hvvwio,  Dmdtn — Manufccturcr. 

A  pair  of  complete  horses'  hamcssoa,  with  oollars,  brown 
round  reins,  count  erholds,  silver  plated  buckles,    atcct 

Xhree  bridles,  of  difierent  descriptions.    Ten  whip*. 


174  The   Royal  xSasos    MANTFACTOiir  of   Chin-a, 

JfriMfH,  ntnr  Dyeiden  (Agent,  Dr.  SejITariii, 
Royal  Commissioner  for  Saxony) — Produt-er. 

Cljina.  Royal  blue  vases,  with  portmits  of  Her  Ma- 
jesty tho  Queen  of  England  and  H.R.H.  Prince  Albert, 
Chandelier,  with  nine  girandolca,  coloured  and  gilt. 

Camelia,  in  its  natural  state  and  coIouib,  standing  in  s 
poL    Vase^  after  M.  Samper's  design. 

Tose,  on  a  pedestal,  with  figures  after  Wattcau,  with 
flowers  and  Sgurca  in  relievo. 

Mirror-frttme,  with  similar  figures,  painted  in  colour*, 
with  flowers  in  rehevo,  richly  gilt,  with  two  girandoles. 

Vases,  painted  with  flowers  and  bronwd.  Figures : 
a  flate-piayer  and  a  girl  playing  tho  guitar,  ic. 

Etag^rea.  Dessert-dishi»  and  plates,  a  pair  of  cups 
with  the  portraits  of  the  King  and  Queen  of  Saxony. 
Goflbo  and  tea  Be^viee^  &o.  Figure,  a  girl  feeding  doves, 
Pruit-baakcl,  Tee-tahic  appurtenances.  Tableau,  tho 
female  lace-maker. 

Six  pieces  with  tho  armorial  bearings  of  Ihe  kingdom 
of  Saxony.     Plate. 

Buata :  Danaide,  after  Mr.  Ranch ;  King  of  Saiony  ; 
King  of  Prussia!  Madonna;  Socrates.  Figure,  Oanj- 
mcile,  after  Thorwaldwn.    Shades. 

China  vessels,  for  the  use  of  chemists  and  apothecaries, 

[The  Gret  European  inanuloctory  of  porcelain  was  esta- 
blished at  Meissen,  under  llie  auspices  of  Aoguslua  II., 
Flector  of  Saxooy  and  King  of  Poland.  Buttchcr,  an 
alchemist,  hsriug  made  aomo  crueiblea  which  asaumed  tbo 
character  of  Oriental  china,  appears  to  have  originated 
the  establishment.  Hie  flrst  ware  was  made  &om  a  red 
eartli  found  at  Meissen,  and  he  did  not  produce  white 
porcelain  until  1709,  when  he  used  the  kaolin  (china- 
elay)  of  Aue,  near  Schneebur^,  (br  his  pottery.  Fromlhat 
period  the  Meiaacn  porcelain  has  been  highly  esteemed, 
and  the  manufactory  has  \xea  constantly  under  tho  dim.- 
tion  of  the  Govemincnt,  who  have  employed  the  moat 
akilful  artists  and  workmen  selected  irma  oil  parts  of 
Europe.— R.  H.] 

175  Adleb,  CnAHLES,  Kiiiag^rick — Monufacfurer. 
Veiaels   of  cloy ; — Soup-um,    coSue-pota,  Sower-voaes, 

tea-pot,  and  milk-pota. 

Spccimcua  of  children's  playthings. 


176     BrcsEB,  H,,  Jircden — Designer  and  Painter. 

Poinlines  on  china: — Brooches  of  painted  china  en- 
eliaeed  in  broniej  small  china  paintinga  of  various  kinds, 
after  classical  picliu%s. 


177        Waltheb,  QuaT*V,  I>rttdat — Painter. 

Enamel  paintings  on  china,  oopies  from  cloaoical  o 
pnal )  plates  for  a  bracelet  and  brooch. 


178     BnocKHAUB,  F.  A.,  Leipzig — Manufacturer. 

Printed  books.  A  collection  of  356  volumes,  all 
printed  iu  the  year  1860,  in  the  office  of  the  oihibilor, 
m  elegant  eOvors, 


179        BsiTH,  AwBBOsicB,  Leipag — Proprietor. 

Omonicntol  tvpographical  works.  MinstnJs  of  Ger- 
many, edited  by  Herr  Von  der  Hagen,  printed  on  porch- 
ment;  the  vignettes,  as  well  as  the  initials,  pointed  in 
gold. 

Ancient  Egypt,  by  Mr.  M,  S,  Schwane,  printed  iii 
t wenty- seven  mnguoges,  being  tho  flrst  instancs  of  Egjp- 
tlon  hieroglyphics  having  ever  been  executed  in  print ;  it 
has  been  done  by  means  of  more  tlian  3,000  irtnmps  cut 
for  this  purpose.  Talmud  Bnhli ;  Babylonian  Talmud  in 
Hebrew,  with  Gcrnuin  tmnalsfion,  and  the  Coinrnt-nturies 
of  Roschi  and  Josephqtli,  edited  by  Dr.  E.  U.  Pinner, 


181     MxaaoLot  Sckib,  Dmden — Manulacturers. 
Foot  •pMimanB  of  oolonred  printiiig. 


182  BcKKLTiE,  OcBTiT,  I)rt»d«tt — InTeofot  »nd 

Manufitcturer, 
Pnidiict*  of  B  tetter  lbuDdi7  : — Complete  >et  of  the  Wt 
wpearama  of  pnatin^  ^P^  i  miuic'book  done  with  tjpea, 
cast  uid  cut  in  Engh>h  atoel,  in  gilt  &amea ;  miuicsl  text- 
boot  execat«d  with  tjpei,  out  and  cut  in  Eugliih  itoel, 

Proof-lbeet  of    printing    with  Utelj'-inTODted  ateno- 
BTsphical  ^pes,  on  Mr.  OAbekberger's  principle  in  gilt 

183  JaXS,  F.  H.,  Z>nw&ni— Engnrer. 
Engnring,  with  specimeni  of  sevenl  engraren'  works. 

Eihifitrf  mr  it    "' 


184  Tho  HOIiL  SAION  MlLITiHY  Pl.l»  OTTlCt, 

Dresden—  ProducCT. 
The  three  first  numbers  of  the  engineeTs'  m^  of  the 
kingdom  of  Saionj,  exhibited  for  eieoution. 

185  KiBTZ,  Theodobb,  Leiptig—Produoer. 

A.  reliero,  in  ivor;  (the  portraits  of  Clan  and  Bobert 

Schumann).  

186  BntiaoHSL,  Professor,  M.BJLF.A.,  I>rttde»~ 

Sculptor. 

Sculptures; — Christ  (md  angel,  in  nlieTo,  Carrara 
marble.  Cupid  mounted  on  the  back  of  a  panther,  in 
relievo,  in  Carrara  marble. 

Plaster  image  of  the  Virgin. 


187 


BtTSTTNERjQDBTivvB,  DrwdeK, 

Uanu&cturer. 
Three  electroljpo  copice  of  clamioal  shieldi. 


1 88  KDOLBB,  Henbt,  Dreidea — Producer. 

A  signet,  in  form  of  a  vase,  ground  out  of  one  piooe  of 
rock  crjst^ 


Aggtd*  i»  Zoudim,  Heean.  Bkahd  *  SciuasiUTSB,  6  Piiuur'a  Hall,  Old  Broad  Street,  CUg. 


Thr  nmnber  of  eiWliitorB  repreHiitinf;  this  State  is  abont  110  ;  the  contrihutiona  of  Bomo  of  thero  foiro  one 
of  those  features  of  the  Exhibition  which  are  not  likely  \a  bo  eoon  efiaced  from  the  memor;.  The  conspicaouB 
group  of  Stuttgart  horses,  the  modela  in  plaster  of  a  similar  group  in  Carrara  marble,  placed  in  the  Hoyal  Park 
at  that  place,  roust  bo  reckoned  among  these  ;  and  the  beautiful  specimens  of  the  art  of  the  taxidermist,  dis- 
played in  the  wonderful  and  mirth-excitint;  groups  of  stuffed  animals,  and  in  those  made  up  to  imitate  the 
painted  conceptions  of  great  artists,  have  likewise  a  claim  ta  the  same  character.  Specimens  of  raw  materials 
and  produce  are  exhibited,  and  include  mill-stones,  colours,  dyes,  preserved  fruit,  ftc.  Among  the  horolt^csl 
and  philosophical  instruments  are  several  of  improved  construction.  Perhaps  more  interest  will  by  many  be 
considered  to  attach  to  the  Dutch  clocks,  exhibited  as  extraordinary  specimens  of  economy  in  producHon,  than 
to  the  more  elegant  but  also  more  costly  instnunenta  of  predsion.  Some  musical  instruments  are  also  shown. 
The  textile  manufactures  in  cotton,  wool,  and  fleece,  are  represented,  but  not  to  a  large  extent.  The  produc- 
tion of  toys,  and  miscellaneous  articles  of  fancy  ware,  of  dolU,  &c.,  forms  an  important  deportment  of  iudustiy 
in  this  State,  and  a  considerable  number  of  exhibitors  have  presented  their  productions  of  this  class  for  exhi- 
bition. A  numl^r  of  specimens  of  cutlery  and  of  leather  and  paper  manufactures  are  sliown.  In  all  these 
articles — and,  as  a  general  remark,  in  those  of  every  foreign  state, — it  requires  hut  a  small  degree  of  attention 
to  detect  those  peculiar  differences  in  the  products,  both  as  to  character  and  style,  which  indicate  the  national 
prevalence  of  taste,  influencing,  as  it  must  always  do,  the  method  of  manufacture  in  a  small  degree,  hut  the 
manufactured  article  itself  altogether. — It.  £. 


1  ZlUJiB,  FasD,  NeckaritiaUmge*,  naar  BttttgoH. 
Speaimena  of  stone  tsken  from  the  quanies  of  the  eihi- 

Mtor,  particularly  adapted  for  millstones. 

2  Soke  k  Son,  BoeblMuitn,  mar  Sluttgart — 

Manufactureni. 

EreoBoto  produced  from  common  tar.  Iodide  of  po- 
tassium and  other  chemicals. 

[The  remarkable  chemical  prodnct,  kreoaote,  was  dis' 
oovered  by  Baron  Beichenbach.  It  is  obtained  by  a  some- 
what operoaa  distillation  of  tar  in  a  metaUio  veaseL  It 
hu  sevenl  valuable  tnedicinal  qualities ;  it  is  also  used 
in  curing  provisions. — B.  E.] 

3  BEBUimiaBS  k,  Bon,  ZtreUAm,  J^de— 

Hanubcturers. 
Ultramarine.    Exhibited  for  the  beauty  and  brJIlianoy 
of  the  colour  and  ita  chespnes*. 

4  JOBST,  Fridibic,  Stuttgart — Manufacturer. 
Sulphate  and  other  compounds  of  quinine^  kali  hydro- 

iodinic^  of  great  purity. 

^ulphale  of  quinine  is  obtained  iu  largest  quantity 
from  yellow  ciaohona  bark.  By  careful  chemical  rnanipu- 
lation  it  crystaUisea  in  beautiM  needle-Uke  rorma.  It* 
medicinal  value  la  that  of  a  febrifuge  tonics — B.  E.] 


fi  LlUBB  BkOTHW,  [TZm— Hanu&ctureTL 

Hydraulic  ohalk  cemsnt,  hardening  under  watei 


6  SnOLi,  Hkhbt,  iSfat^ort— Manufacturer. 
Carmine,  Munich  oarmine-lac,  madder-lac,  and  diSbrent 

azure  colouls ;  a  yellow  colour  for  confectionera,  adapted 
for  Buch  purpose*  on  account  of  its  innocuous  qnahtios. 

7  Abt,  Wt  Stdimgat — Manufacturer. 

Yellow  colour,  which,  oonaisting  entirely  of  innocuous 
substance*,  la  adapted  for  the  use  of  oonfectionen. 

8  BbbubISO,  Fbxd.,  MSItringeit,  near  Stuttgart — 

Producer. 
SamplM  <a  dried  fruit* :   bilbnrieB.    Used  aa  in  as- 
tringent.   

9  SoHinsT,  W.,  OrfmJat*— Producer. 
Sample*  of  dried  fi^ta :  bilberriea. 

10  Fioxra,  0.,  lOnMtim  3Vei,— Producer. 
Samples  of  dried  fruit*  :  plums,  pears,  applea,  prunes, 

and  oherriea  without  stones  :  for  desserts 

11  'SowBiihaaaa,'PMOTtBBO^Soieiiieim,nfarStidlgarl. 
Tarioua  collection*  of  all  kinda  of  wood,  showing  their 

relative  quaUtie*  fbr  the  use  of  igricuUvista. 


WURTEMBURG. 


1115 


CoQecikms  of  insects,  especiallj  those  which  infest  the 


12     BCHORTLB,  GxOBOB  Jahbs,  Ebhausen,  Nagold 

— ^Manufacturer. 
A  hedJe^  or  flax  oomh. 


13      WoLTF,  Fred.  A.,  SeiJhronn — ^Manufactiuvr. 

IMrtiDing  steam  apparatus  for  fluids  with  new  refirige- 
ntor.  Distilling  and  cooking  apparatus  for  the  use  of 
rlifuniffts  and  others. 

Apparatus  for  soldering  lead  hy  means  of  atmospheric 
air  and  hTdrogen  gas,  generating  a  most  intense  heat ; 
aereral  plates  of  laid  of  various  thickness  soldered  by 
meana  of  the  apparatus ;  graduated  vessels,  for  measuring 
finida  aocnratelj. 

This  apparatus  is  represented  in  the  illustration  on 
the  next  page. 

[The  presence  of  hydrogen  gas  unquestionably  facili- 
tates and  expedites  the  process  of  soldering.  When  com- 
bined in  certain  proportions  with  atmospheric  air  it  forms 
an  explosire  mixture,  but  with  proper  precautions  it  may 
be  safiely  burnt  at  the  end  of  a  small  jet,  and  it  gives  out 
an  intense  heat  when  so  employed. — B.  E.] 


14  KoHX,  Qt,  HsKBY,  Stuttgart — Manufacturer. 
Gflt  sabre,  with  modem  ornaments. 

Roman  sword,  executed  after  drawings  of  the  time  of 
Constantine  the  Ghreat,  with  Christian  emblems. 
Qih  cutlasses  and  daggers,  m  various  styles. 

15  BoTAL  Q-UN  Mantjpactoky,  Ohemdoff— 

Manufacture. 
Gtm  for  in&ntry,  rifle  with  bayonet,  and  common  rifle, 
made  of  cast  steeL 


1 6        HAiJ.Bit,  Fa.,  SchwentUngen — Manufacturer. 

Dutch  clocks  with  weights  of  various  sizes ;  alarum 
docks,  &c.    Exhibited  for  their  extraordinary  cheapness. 


17       Bachbb,  ArousTtrs,  Stuttgart — Manufacturer. 

A  novel  escapement  for  watches,  constructed  vi-ithout  a 
balanoe-whccl  j  a  watch  on  this  principle  ;  8econd9-wat<'h, 
with  compensating  escapement,  and  maintaining  power, 
without  distinct   second-work. 

A  seconds-watch  going  for  a  week,  consitnicted  with  five 
whoeb  only ;  the  hours  arc  indicateil  by  numbers  apjK'ar- 
ing  on  the  hands  of  the  watch ;  an  ivorj'  watch,  con- 
st rurted  entirely  of  ivory  ;  a  watch  with  lever  escapement, 
working  on  a  plate  of  steel. 

Chronograph  constructed  on  a  new  j)rinciple,  distin- 
guished by  the  great  accuracy  with  wliich  any  velocity 
may  be  measured. 

[-In  escapement  is  a  mechanical  contrivance  for  trans- 
mission, at  equidistant  inten*alrt  of  time,  of  tlie  maintain- 
ing power  of  the  watch  or  eloek  to  tlio  regulator,  and  its 
ofTirt'  w  to  allow  a  tooth  of  the  wlieel,  with  wliich  it  acts, 
to  ejM-ape  or  jvass  onwards  at  such  intcnals  of  time  as  are 
measurerl  by  the  regulator. —J.  G.] 


18  IIoLcn,  "William,  //a//— Manufacturer. 

Regulator,  going  eiglit  days,  in  maliogany  case,  silTennl 
dial,  and  jewelled  esea|>ement. 


19  Stoss,  v.,  Llm — Clock  Manufacturer. 
Patent  small  ehurch-cloelt,  striking  hours  and  qimrtcrs, 

witli  a  new  escapement,  intended  to  prevent  wind  and 
t4.-mpestuous  weather  from  injuring  the  hands.  An  eight - 
day  clock. 

20  DufTDOTN'F  &  Blaf.dkl,  Stuttgart — Manufacturers. 

Grand  pianoforte  with  double  action;  cottage  piano* 
forte. 


21  DoEBKEB,  F.,  iSVtf^or^-^Manufiicturer. 
Grand  pianoforte  in  rosewood ;  square  pianoforte. 

22  LiFP,  BiCHABD,  Stuttgart — ^Manufacturer. 
Square  pianofortes.    The  hammers  are  fitted  up  with  a 

new  and  more  durable  kind  of  felt,  intended  to  assist  in 
producing  greater  deamess  of  sound. 

23  ScHiEDMATEB,  J.  L.,  &  SoKS,  Stuttgart — ^Inventors 

and  Manufacturers. 

Cband  pianoforte,  in  rosewood,  with  newly-invented 
patent  double  action. 

Square  pianoforte,  in  mahogany. 

Cottage  pianoforte,  in  nutwood,  decorated  and  orna- 
mented with  original  wood  carvings. 


24  Hblwebt,  Jambs,  Stuttgart — Manufactniwr. 
Kew  bassoon,  with  nineteen  keys,  of  improved  con- 
struction.   

25  Bbxeb,  Chables,  Stuttgart — Manufacturer  and 

Inventor. 
Pair  of  kettle-drums  for  orchestras,  which  are  tuned  on 
a  new  and  simple  plan.    A  large  drum.    A  military  drum. 


26  KiKZELBACH,  T.,  Stuttgart — Manufiacturer. 
Improved  diastimeter  for  the  use  of  the  army.  If  inch 

object-glass,  21i  inches  focus,  with  two  parallel  wires 
moveable  at  the  same  time,  and  at  equal  custances  from 
the  centre  to  the  extent  of  the  field  of  view,  along  a  scale 
divided  to  minutes.  A  table  is  engraved  upon  me  front 
plate  near  the  eve-glass,  which  contams  the  various  amounts 
of  minutes  and  quarter  minutes,  with  the  corresponding 
distances  of  infantry  or  cavalry  in  paces. 

Surveying  cross,  with  a  graduated  limb  and  vernier 
reading  to  five  minutes ;  intended  for  use  in  hilly  countries. 
Improved  Wollaston's  goniometer,  with  an  auxiliary  ^lass 
for  more  conveniently  measuring  ofi*  the  angles  of  pnsms 
and  crystals.  Silver  hydrometer,  constructed  to  measure 
the  density  of  such  liquids  as  wine,  beer,  or  milk. 

Telescope  of  23i  inches  focal  length,  and  2^  inches 
object-glass,  mounted  cquatorially,  and  furnished  with 
divided  arcs  for  riglit  ascensions  and  declinations ;  endless 
screw  motion  ;  a  level ;  adjusting  screws ;  terrestrial  and 
astronomical  eye-pieces. 

27  Hecht  &  Arnold,  Reutlingen — Manufacturers. 
ToUinets  and  valentias,  exhibited  for   cheapness  and 

quaUty  of  material. 

28  Kolb  k  Schfele,  Kirchheim — Manufacturer. 
Co1oiu\mI  cotton  quiltings  ;  green  and  blue  cotton  came- 

leon ;  coloured  canvas,  gingham,  and  dimity  bed-stufl* ; 
wliite  cotton  tricot  ;  green  cotton  umbrella  stuff,  and  grey 
cotton  stuff. 

29  Weiole,  J.  J.,  /^Jir/jc^itt rjr— Manufacturer. 
Quiltings  and  toilincts  of  various  patterns. 


:U)         Sciiill  &  WAfJXEB,  Calw — Manufacturers. 

Woollen  cloths  ;  black  satin  cloth  ;  flannels  of  various 
quahtics  and  colours. 

31  FrNCKii,  .John  G.,  Reutlingen — Manufacturer. 
Several  s|)ecimens  of  woollen  cloth,  distinguished  by 

the  brilliancy  of  their  dye. 

32  ScnoEXLEBEK,  Aug.,  Bietigheim — Manufacturer. 
Woollen  trouscr  stuff*,  new  and  elegant  patterns  for 

siunmcr  and  winter  wear. 

Several  specimens  of  worsted  yam  in  various  numbers, 
dved  and  undved. 

33  Fabeb,  Charles,  ^^w/A/ar^— Manufacturer. 
Damask  table-covers  of  linen,  of  various  jiat  terns  and 

sixes ;  small  destTt   napkins  with  fringes  ;  brocadeil  tri- 


fOmcTAL  Tlli'^tijated  Catalooue.] 


4L 


WURTEMBURG. 


1117 


odoDved  silk  fumitiire  stuffii.  The  latter  are  exliibited 
on  aoooimt  of  their  fine  and  heayy  qualitj,  and  particu- 
larly to  show  the  silk  induBtry  of  the  countiy,  the  raw 
*— •-'  bemg  entirely  prodaoed  in  royal  establishments. 


34  Lakg,  a.  F.,  BliMibeuren — Manufacturer. 
Hampki  of  bleached  linen,  and  linen  handkerchiefig. 

35  Majxttfactovt  of  Linen  Yabn,  Urach,    (Messrs. 

Escher,  Wyss  &  Co.,  Zurich,  and  M.  Schlum- 
bemr  &  Ock,  GhibTiller,  Proprietors.) 
*k»T[J^  of  linen  yam. 

36  SmcAjnr,  0.  &  H.,  iS^n^aW— Manufiurturers. 
flainjJeii  of  bleached  linen  of  machine  yam,  made  up  in 

the  Irish  manner,  numbers  of  yam  60  to  160 ;  made  up 
in  the  Dutdi  manner,  nimibcrs  of  yam  70  to  400 ;  of  un- 
Ueadied  linen  drills,  numbov  of  yam  30  to  60;  and  white 
tinen  drills,  numbers  of  yams  30  to  60 ;  printed  cambrics. 

37  BjLNTLnr,  G.  D.,  BeutUngen — Tanner. 

Specimens  of  calf  leather ;  upper-leather  leggings  ready 
cut  oat. 


38  EcKHASDT,  F.  M.,  Ulm — Manufacturers. 

Black  Tarnished  leather,  exhibited  for  its  softness  and 
fanning,  and  peculiar  varnish. 

39  RnCHHOLD,  GsoBOE,  iSlte^or^— Manufacturer. 
Fmc^  leather  goods:  portfolios,  albums,  porte-mon- 

DMss,  ogar  and  writing-cases. 

40  ScMUCiL,  E.  G.  &  Co.,  Siuitgarl — Manufacturers. 
Fmey  leather  goods :  portfoUos,  books,  albums,  porte- 

monnaies,  dgar  and  letter  cases,  &c. 

41  SoHAiUfJfjeLKN,  G.,  HeUbronn — Manufiu^urer. 
Coloured  and  white  pasteboard. 

Tisfliie  paper,  whiter  and  in  brilliant  colours. 

Letter-paper,  exhibiting  its  quality  as  regards  thinness, 
compactnesa,  and  clearness. 

Post  paper,  white  and  coloured,  in  bright,  lircly 
colours,  exhibited  as  thin,  compact,  and  clear.  The  name 
of  the  manu&cturer  is  marked  in  tlie  substance  by  a 
patent  ooutrifance  for  machine  paper. 

By  a  contrivance  recently  introduced  by  the  exhibitors 
any  name  may  be  marked  in  the  substance. 

42  KAEifMEKER,  C,  Stuttqart — Manufacturer. 
Portfolio,  containing  pasteboard  for  the  use  of  painters, 

of  both  rough  and  smooth  surface. 

43  Faflhabeb  &  Lefbe,  Vhn — Gliemical  Factors. 
Rheumatic  pitch-plaister :   may  be  rolled  up  without 

sticking  together,  or  rubbing  the  composition  off  its  siu*- 
faoe. 

44  Rjircn  Brothers,  Heilbronn — Manufacturers. 
Fancy  paper.    This  paper,  by  a  process  invented  by  the 

exhibitors,  is  coloured  on  both  sidw  of  a  single  sheet  of 
different  shades  without  pasting  two  sliects  together. 

4.5  Veiel,  G.,  &  Co.  Sfuitgart — Manufacturers. 

Fancy  paper,  and  enamelle<l  cardboard. 


4f>  KoHLER,  F.,  Ooepjnngen — Manufacturer. 

Printed  woollen  vestings.    Printed  linen  handkerchiefs. 


47         Otto,  Henry,  Surtingen — Manufacturer. 
First,  second,  and  extra  Turkey-red  y\\n\. 


48         Zais,  William,  Oiw»w/^^/— Manufacturer. 

Three  pieces  of  Turko-red   printed    cotton  stuffs  of 
various  patterns. 

[Turkey-red  is  a  benutiful  dye  pro<luced  from  madder. 
The  colour  is  of^en  rcTnarkably  influenceil  by  the  presence 


or  absence  of  calcareous  matter  in  the  water.  A  certain 
quantity  appears  to  be  essential  for  the  production  of  bril- 
liant colours. — B.  E.] 

49  Kettbttboeb  &  Sons,  H.,  Dieiekkeim^  near 

Ulm — Manuftu^turers. 
Embroidered  curtains,  in  tasteful  and  elegant  patterns. 

50  BOBECE,  Charles,  NnrHngen,  near  Teek» 
Cards,  scollops  and  **  entre  deux."    Knitting  work, 

51  Tanner,  Thsophilus,  Stuttgart — Designer 

and  Inventor. 
Designs  for  tapestry ;  printed  furniture  materials ;  and 
large  carpets.  

52  Van  Zwebgeb,  Deffner,  &  Weiss,  Bavenebury^^ 

Manufacturers. 
Curtains,  white  and  red  striped ;  and  of  embroidered 
net  and  miislin.    

53  HiLS,  Haas,  &  Co ,  Schramherg — ^Manufacturers. 
Knitted  woollen  hosiery,  petticoats,  hose,  stockings, 

men  and  women's  cord  or  lace  shoes,  &c. 

54  REnM,  F.  F.,  ReutUngen — Manu&cturer. 
Woollen  and  cotton  hosiery  goods.    Laces  and  ooUarsi 

called  "  etemcUes."     Knitting  work,  &c. 

55  BoELSTEBLi,  Charles,  &  Co.,  Stuttgart— 

Manufacturers. 
Tools  of  every  description,  for  the  preparation  and 
carving  of  all  kinds  of  wood. 

56  GoEBEL,  Gk)DFRET,  Stuttgart — Manu£scturer. 
Tools  for  the  preparation  of  wood. 

57  DiTTXAR  Brothers,  Heilbronn — ManufiMsturer. 
Patent    razors   and  razor-strops.      Penknives,  paper- 
cutters.    Wood,  Circassians,  Ghneek,  and  yataghan  knives, 
daggers,  himting  hangers,  and  stilettos.      Garden  knives 
and  implements,  &c. 

58  IlArETSEN  k  Son,  Stuttgart — Manufacturers. 

A  variety  of  scythes,  as  they  are  used  in  various  coun- 
tries. 

59  BrEHREB,  Fred.,  Ludmgaburg — Manufacturer. 
Toys,  representing  various  kinds  of  working  utensils, 

in  copper.     Pastry  moulds. 

GO         Stohrer,  T.  F.,  Stuttgart— yinmjSAcixkrer. 

Brass  and  stet»l  wires  ;  metal  wire  for  the  manufacture 
of  i>aper.  Metal  wire  gauze.  Brass  wire  and  horse-hair 
sieves.     A  drum.  

01  Wagner,  Charles,  Esslingen — Brazier. 
Pastry  moulds  of  various  shapes  and  sizes. 

02  Rexer,  Frederick,  Stuttgart — Manufacturer. 
Brass  and  steel  wire.     Metal  wire  for  the  manufacture 

of  paper.  Metal  wire  gauze.  One  pair  of  kettle  drums, 
a  laiye  and  a  mihtary  drum. 

C)''\       Krhahdt  &  Sons,  Gmund — Manufacturers. 

Bronze  chessmen  in  a  polished  wood  case.  Game  of 
chexs  with  fixable  figures.  Various  usi>ful  and  ornamental 
articles. 


04 


Faist  k  Stein II  \F.rssER,  Schraml^erg — 
Manufiicturers. 
Garnets   cut   in  various   sizt»s  or  sliapes.     The  rough 
stones  arc  unporte<l  from  Bohemia. 

[Tlie  garnet  is  an  anhydrous  sihcate  of  alumina  and  of 
lime.  Its  colouring  mat tcT  is  iron.  Garnets  are  found  in 
gn»at  abundance  in  Bohemia,  from  whence  they  arc  largely 

exjwrtcd. — R.  E.J 

4  L  2 


1118 


WUIITEMBTJRO. 


65  BsricEHAKir,  P.,  &  Sons,  HeiBrmm— 

Uanufactutvrs, 

Silver-plnted  tra-kcttlo,  roffee  and  loa  pota,  cream  iug», 
^iigar-bBsiDi,  tnyt,  \im  canister,  &uil  baskets  and  pUtes, 
s&ltera,  i^tsgircs,  Bsuco-pot,  chandeliers,  candlestiuka,  cups, 
Ac. 

Litrge  decorated  lamp  used  in  churcbca, 

GG       O-BOEBEB,  AxBGHT,  SiedUugfti — ManiiTiicturer. 

Fmit-bftstot  in  uroiigUt  silver,  romarLnble  for  the  work- 
mmisliip.  


68    TTBCnTKlw  L  Fajst,  SnkratBSeT^— Manufiwturen. 

Crockerj  ware.  Flower-pots  in  black  enamoL  Fruit- 
baskets  or  plntcs  in  green  enamel.  Entire  table-serrico  in 
white  enrthenware.  SerenJ  tea'BorvifeB,  with  prints,  in 
black  and  blue  colours. 

C9      Wabhebott,  STilB,  Eavendivrs — Manufacturer 
and  Inrentor. 
OotMcwindow  in  pointed  architecture.   Gotliie  rosettt', 
window,  and  monument,  of  term  cotta. 

70  WlBTH,  F.,  S(ii«jart— Manuiaoturer. 

Dressing  and  writing  table. 

Wardrobe,  with  omamentB  of  wood  carvings,  modelled 
b*  the  iibibitor. 

T 1       DsmrBB,  Cqaxleh,  Ealingen — Manufacturer, 
Iron   flower-table;    cigar-tray  j    wriling-na»e  j    thrift- 

boi ;  washinE-tube ;  sugai^boi ;  working-baski^te ;  chesS' 

board  i  fruit -baslets  j  pictures  j  and  coffoc-trajs. 
Bird-cages  in  great  Tarietj. 
SilTcr-platvd  speaking   trumpet ;     and   miacellaneous 

nrticles  ol  hardware. 


articles.    Tlie  Inj^g-in  of  mother-of-pearl 
tin  ware  is  claimed  a»  new. 

An  omamcnlal  japanned  bird-cage  and  tlower-stand. 
This  object  is  represented  in  the  adjoming  illustration. 

73        RoMsracn,  Chakleb,  Shitt^nrt— Invinilor 
and  Moiiulaclurcr. 
Patent  metallic  writing  slates.    These  slates  are  pre- 


plale,  on  which  the  slate  ia  laid. 

74  Tetter  t  Ebho,  s;«/(jart— Manufkituwra. 
(Hit  and  painted  oomicea  and  picture  frame*.     Hanu- 

foctured  on  a  new  svifcm,  bj  which  thcj  oan  bo  made 
more  chcaplj  than  hitherto. 

75  LiTTBUMirEB,  O.,  S(.irt5or(— Manufccturer. 

A  tabhsiu  of  gill  coniice*.     Manufactured  on  a  new 
and  economicai  system. 

7  6  Abblb  ft  Ca,  fflart^nrt— Manufiicturen, 

Snuff-boies  made  of  japanned  papier  mach^  with  orna- 
mental  dranlngs  and  inlaid  mother-of-pearl,  or  gold  and 


77  Helleb,  Chasleb,  S/nWi/ort— Manu&cturer. 
Gilt  baa-relief  of  gypaum.    Sample*  of  gilt  paper,  kc. 

78  Sbbokb,  EvoEinrB,  SwAiyen— Manufiioturer 

and  inventor. 
New  prooM*  for  nuking  bitumen  manio-wotfc.     Tlui 


Hsu's  QnuBmid  Blii44iic<  sod  Fl 


WURTEMBURG. 


1119 


manufiMTtura  is  exhibited  as  claiming  several  advantages 
ever  fltmilar  works  made  of  wood,  marble,  terra  ootta,  £d., 
locli  as  cheapness,  rapid  production,  resistance  to  damp, 
hitler  temperature  than  marble,  lively  colours,  and  great 
firmness,  'the  thickness  of  the  coloured  plates  is  generally 
about  a  quarter  of  an  inch,  but  this  can  be  increased. 

79  HiAfl,  F.  P.,  Schramberg — Proprietor. 
Specimens  of   straw  plaitings,    viz.  —  hats,    bonnets, 

baskets,  bands,  fringes,  tassels,  &c. 

80  Kisnr,  F.  Gh.,  Tubingen — ^Ifanufacturer. 
doth, hair,  velvet,  and  billiard  brushes;  large  brush 

for  doth  manufacturers. 


81  EISSEB  &  Co.,  G^oi^tioi/— Manufacturers. 

Goihic  tower,  made  of  lignimi  vits ;  the  same  for  a 
thermometer,  and  in  bone.  Match-box  of  lignum  vitce. 
Jewd-tray.  Seals.  Cane-handles.  Money-box.  Bon- 
boni^  ttid  napkin  rings. 

82  WimCH,  A.,  KsMKEL  k  Cki.,  GeisaUngen — 

Manufacturers. 
Yariooa  assortment  of  bone  and  ivory  fancy  goods,  con- 
■aating  of  cane-handles,  brooches,  baskets,  thimbles,  paper- 
Ac 


83  SOSMIDT,  Fbkdebio,  OeissUngen — ^Producer, 

Inventor,  and  Manufalcturer. 
Vsncy  gooda  in  bone  and  ivory,  cane-handles,  brooches, 

84  WxBiB,  C.  F.,  EssUngen — Manufacturer. 

Handles  and  buttons  for  carvers  in  ivory,  deer-horn, 
woody  and  lead,  with  ornaments. 


85  Stoll,  Chasijbs,  Z/lm — Manu£M^urer. 

Ivory  fim,  carved ;  bone  fan,  various  shapes.    Carved 
iwQgj  nraff-boxeB,  inlaid  with  tortoiseshell. 

86  WeB¥B,  G.,  &  Co.,  Usslingen — Manu&cturer. 
Fancy  wooden  boxes.     Colloction  of  carved  ivory,  stag, 

and  horn  handles. 


87  Baub  Bbothbrs,  Biberach — Manufacturers. 

A  variety  of  devices ;  pastils,  and  confectionery  goods, 
tragacanth- flowers,  and  birds  with  real  feathers,  &c. 

88  GoLL  Brothers,  BJAffrorA— Manufacturers. 

Various  devices  in  confectionery,  &c.,  made  of  traga- 
canth gum. 

89  Roth,  William,  jun.,  5^M//^ar<— Manufacturer. 
Specimens  of  comfits,  sugar-plums,  bonbons  k  liqueur, 

conserves,  sugar  devices,  dragw,  lozenges,  chocolate. 

00  Rress,  F.  11.,  G^TnijiM^— Manufacturer. 

Wax  ornaments,  candles  and  tapers,  baskets,  flowers, 
cages,  books,  fruits,  tea-cups,  kc. 

91  TBOEOLEir,  GrsTAV,  l^/m— Manufacturer. 

Lozenges  and  confectionery,  with  a  Hon  hunt,  made  of 
tragacanth  gum. 

92  IlBDiyoBR,  Chas.,  5^M%<ir^— Manufacturer. 
Walking-sticks  and  canw,  with  hooks   and  heads   of 

ivory,  buflklo,  stag-horn,  <tc.,  finely  engraved.  Sticks  and 
canes  for  umbrellas  and  ])ara»ols.  Frames  for  umbreliaH 
and  for  a  travelling  |>ocket-cane. 


93  SCHTTM ACHER,  Bieti/jheim,  near  Stuttgart — 

Manufacturer. 
Samples  of  artificial   whet-htonw*,  pumice-stones,  and 
polishing  powder,  for  the  use  of  mechanics  in  wood,  steel, 
Ac,  and  for  jaimnners. 


94    Blumhasdt,  HsyBY,  Stuttgart — Manufiusturer. 

Collection  of  toys  made  of  japanned  tin,   lead,  pewter 
bronxe,  iron  and  wood. 


95        RoMrKGEB,  John,  Stuttgart — Manufacturer. 
Collection  of  tin  and  glass  toys. 


96  DiSTEBiOH,  C.  F.,  Ludmgaburg — ^Manu£Eu;turer. 
Kitchen,  stable,  and  garden  implements  for  children. 

97  Xnosp  k  Baoke,  Stuttgart — Inventors  and 

Manu&cturers. 
**  Furnished    apartments   for    dolls,*'    (doUs'  hoasea,) 
in  two  parts,  maoe  of  pasteboard. 


98        Rock  k  Gbakbb,  Biberach — Manufacturers, 

A  large  collection  of  toys  and  trifling  articles  of  tin  and 
iron  phite,  brass,  papier  mach^ ;  carriages  of  different 
sizes  and  constructions;  countries,  mountains,  chapels, 
hermitages,  mills  with  water-house  and  reservoir ;  ships, 
kc, 

[The  toy-trade  of  Wurtemberg  is  known  throughout 
Europe  and  America.  Immense  quantities  of  toys  are 
exported  to  various  countries.  The  manufacture  is  largely 
carried  on  in  the  Black  Forest. — R.  £.] 


99     Rbttss  Bbothebs,  Stuttgart — Manufacturers. 

Samples  of  stearine  candles  in  various  sizes.    Stearine 
soap,  and  cocoa-nut  oil. 


100        SuTOBnrs,  C.  F.,  Omnnd — ^ManufiMJturer. 

Samples  of  lucifer  matches  without  the  combustible 
mass. 

[Before  the  discovery  of  the  combustible  compound  now 
appUed  to  lucifor  matches,  an  ingenious  philosophical  in- 
strument had  shown  the  possibihty  of  obtaining  instan- 
taneous light  by  discharging  a  jet  of  hydrogen  gas  upon  a 
mass  of  spongy  platinmn  ;  and  ornamental  jars  for  tliis 
l)urpo8e,  in  which  hydrogen  was  produced  by  the  reaction 
of  zinc  and  dilute  sulphuric  acid,  were  in  conmion  use. 
It  is  still  to  be  ascertained  what  is  the  precise  nature  of 
this  curious  phenomenon ;  experiment  has  revealed  no 
change  either  in  the  weight  or  composition  of  the  platinum 
capable  of  accounting  for  tlie  ignition  of  the  gas.  Tlie 
compound  now  universally  used  for  matches  consists  prin- 
cipally of  a  paste  of  phosphorus,  in  combination  with 
other  chemical  substances. — R.  E.] 


101  LiNDAiTER,  Miss  E.  L.,  Stuttgart — Manufacturer. 
A  large  collection  of  artificial  flowers. 

102  KuHN,  Jeffrey,  Ulm — Manufacturer. 
Samples  of  lucifer-matchcs,  kc. 

103  VxEHHAEUSER  GusTAV,  Ludwigshurg— 

Manufacturer. 

Samples  of  artificial  leaves. 

104  Waoner,  Ferd.,  Stuttgart — Builder. 
Samples  of  whet-stones. 


105       Von  Hofrr,  Lewis,  Stuttgart — Sculptor. 

Models  of  two  large  groups,  rq^resenting  the  breaking -in 
of  horset<.  The  originals  wen*  Arabian  liorst^,  bnni  in 
one  of  the  private  studs  of  His  Majenty  the  King  of 
Wurtemberg,  10  feet  high.  Tlieso  groups  are  executed  in 
Carrara  marble,  in  tlie  royal  park  of  Stuttgart,  measuring 
15  feet  high. 


WURTEMBURG. 


106    Hoton,  T.  H.,  Stut^aTt—lmeatoT  and  Pamtar. 

tictuna  in  minutura,  painted  on  iroij  in  anew  method. 

This  ajBtem  coiuiste  is  painting  the  fleah  eapedaUf  in 


107         Plodcqitbt,  H.,  Sttatyart—ProduoBT. 

Oronpa  of  atuffed  aniioali  and  birds.  A  iiUg-hiuit. 
Boar-baiting ;  the  ume  in  miniature. 

OtDupa  and  neata  of  different  kinds  of  birds  of  pre; ■ 
Serend  hawks  poandng  upon  owls,  &o,  Qroupa  of 
various  kinds  of  domeatio  birda  mth  their  joung,  ic. 
TbeKronpt  of  the  artist  are  remarkable  as  apecunens  of 
taxidennT,  and  are  repment«d  in  the  ac«ompanying 
Plate. 

[Among  these  groups  of  ammals  arc  aeveml  in  imita- 
tion of  the  attitude*,  babita,  and  ocoupationi  of  ratimal 
cnaturee.    The  predse  expataston  of  intelligenee  given  to 

the  Bxbibition.  Among  the  more  important  of  the 
group*  there  arrayed  ia  one  from  the  tale  of  Bejnai^  the 
Fox,  a  subject  made  use  of  b;  Qoetbe  for  one  of  his 
poema,  and  illustnted  hy  the  painter  Eaulbaoh.  The 
groups  of  ■niTniiU  of  tliia  series  an  modelled,  tor  they  can 
scarodj  be  reckoned  among  speeimenB  of  the  art  of  taxi- 
dermy, after  tlie  deeigna  of  that  great  painter,  and  a 
•eriea  of  six  tahleaui  is  thus  pi'caonled. 

The  atoi7  of  Bqynard  the  Fox,  illustrated  by  these 
animals,  may  be  thus  brieSy  told  i—-"  The  Lion,  the  king 

his  rc^al  court,  and  all  but  Beynard  the  Fox  duly 
obeyed  the  call.  In  hia  abaenoe  gnerous  accuastiona 
wan  laid  against  him,  and  partioularly  by  One  Chanti- 
cleer, irhoae  children  he  bad  barbarously  murdered  after 
gaining  admission  into  the  farm-yard  under  pretence  of 

nard,  acut  first  the  Bear,  and  then  the  Cat  after  bim,  who 


bore  a  royal  mandate  to  the  gate  of  Beynard'i  oaatle, 
where  he  is  shown  waiting  for  him.  The  Oit,  like  the 
prerioua  meeeengm',  is  artfiilly  led  into  a  ttmp  and  Bey- 
nard  escapes.  At  length,  on  the  Badger  coming  to  fetch 
him,  Beynaid  consents  to  ^>pe>r  in  court,  where  he  ia 
condemned  to  execution.  'While  on  the  soaffold,  by  ■ 
subtle  speech,  he  persuades  the  King  (the  Lion)  from  hia 
purpose  by  telling  him  of  a  great  concealed  treasure.  In 
testimony  of  bia  veracity  he  brings  forward  the  haie  aa  a 
witneas,  which  forms  another  of  the  groups.  Beynard 
then,  considering  bimaelf  under  excommunication,  te- 
aolvea  on  a  pilgrimage  to  the  Holy  Land,  and  is  shown 
in  hia  pilgrim  state  with  a  roaai;  and  a  palmer'a  staff- 
A  hare,  passing  before  Beynard's  castle,  lees  bim  in  a 
pilgrim's  garb,  and  Beynard,  flying  upon  the  unsuspecting 
traveller,  uses  hia  palmer'a  ataff  with  intent  to  murder 
biiTi,  ]Hs  is  the  Butiject  of  aootber  group.  The  hare, 
fleeing  to  the  king,  informs  him  of  the  attempt,  and  the 
Eing  resolvea  to  destroy  Beynard  and  his  caatle  of 
Malepardua  forthwith.  Hu  conduaion  of  this  tale  is  a 
oombat  between  Beynard  and  one  of  bis  accusers,  in 
wluch  the  former  by  his  art  oomes  off  viator,  and  returns 
loaded  with  courtly  favours  to  his  easUe^  where  he  ia 
represented  seated  at  ease."] 

108 

Statue,  "  Penitent  Magdalen,"  in  Carrara  marble. 

109     Wbtsil,O.J.,  SttUtgart—lmaitaT,  Designer, 
and  Produoer. 
Qlaas  paintings  —  "Prophecf  of  the  Destruction   of 
Jerusalem,"  after  Besas.     "  Esther  asking  Abasuerus  for 
grace  for  her  people.      "  Virgin  Mother,"  after  Hurillo. 


]    AND  HTAO   HDKT.      M.  H.  fLODO^UET. 


ConmUriontr,  ii.  Pbtlipp  BuiigBBir. 


Thk  collection  brought  over  from  thia  State  includes  articles  in  most  of  tlus  Classes  of  tlie  Exhibition.  The 
nniuber  of  exhibitors  is  Uurty-tbreo.  The  six«iniimB  of  chemioal  prepantionB,  illustistive  of  the  nw  materials 
and  produce,  arc  creo«oto,  distilled  oil,  and  a  now  allukloid  which  maf  probably  beoomo  of  ultimate  value  to  the 
medical  practitioner.  Amon^  lueclianical  objects  are  models  of  appaiatmi  for  the  nse  of  the  blind,  a  laj^  key 
of  complicated  workmanship,  &c.  Various  philosophical  instruments  are  also  ebown,  which  include  a 
dagoerreotype  apporatuB,  with  a  double  achromatic  lens  of  five  inches  diameter,  polarization  of  light  appa- 
rettu,  iic.  The  specimens  of  ornamental  e;laBB  are  oxtrerocly  beautiful,  and  include  objects  of  considerable  riie. 
Several  exhibitors  have  sent  objects  of  a  miscellaneous  character ;  and  among  those  of  the  fine  arta  are 
■pedueuB  of  ivory-carving,  models  of  statues,  photography,  3k. — R.  E. 


t  BBOXmntB,  Feuioii  J.,  Rytnlfbri-ou-ate 

Maine — Manulscturer. 
Creosote,  pure,  and  ivfravting  light  powerfully.    Pam- 
phlet, coDtaJTiiiig  Bpccimciu  of  printing  inlu. 

2  Bnacn,  Pitfb  A.,  Fraatforf-on-lke-lfaint — 

Producer  and  Proprietor. 
Rectified  "cognac  oil,"  manufectiircd  out  of  common 
gin,  or  thinned  spirit  a. 

3  ZlMMBB,  Da.  CoxHAS  —  Manufacturer.      (Agent, 

F.  W.  Rollir  li  Co.,  16  ITuiuD  Court,  Old  Broad 
Street,  London.) 

Pure  crystalliied  oliiuidinc. 

[Hie  sulphate  of  this  alkaloid  is  generally  united  with  the 
lulphale  of  quinine,  manuiactured  from  the  ordinary  kitiiU 
ofyello*  bark  ;  but  it  is  oidy  lately  that  it  lias  been  pm- 
dueed  separatt'ly  ss  b  salt,  and  its  proporlics  atecrlainod. 

Eiperimcnls  loado  up  to  the  pivscnt  tiini,'  with  the  sul- 
phsle  of  ehinidinc  aiv  toiirideml  lu  sbuw  that  it  is  ss 
powerful  in  ita  eOects  an  the  stdpbute  of  quinine.  Tliis, 
added  to  the  fuct  of  its  being  obtainable  from  tlie  eheapiT 
kinds  of  Iho  yellow  bark,  wliich  aro  not  limitod  to  the 
djatriet  of  Boliria,  justlTy  the  opinion  that  the  sulphsl«  of 
rhinidine  may  tako  an  important  place  amongst  medicinal 
BUtMtonoes.— B.  B.] 

4  MiFOFBio  L  Co.,  Fraakfori-<m-tlu-MaiiK — 

Manudfturer. 
Samples  of  anuff,  rii.  ;— 
I'aria  rappt*.    IJutcli  rop[ice. 
Marino  Maiucco,  coano  and  fine. 


5         "BixcioL,  JoHir  CiuKLsfl,  JVusi/bff-ow-U*- 

Mai*e — lliTentor. 

Models  of  apparatus  for  thu  use  of  the  blind  ;  viz, — 

Ap|)aratus  to  fiwihiato  the  twisting  of  atraw  or  rope. 

Apparatus  lo  moLaten  atraw  to  bo  used  for  twisting 
etraw  carjwts  and  atraw  uiats.  They  both  require  but  a 
gmall  e]iace,  and  untwiating  is  prBTCntod,  which  will  bo 
of  great  advantage,  particularly  for   the  blind. 

Improved  apparatus  for  makuig  straw  and  list  carpeta. 

Lace  apparatus  and  a  clioir  for  the  blind.  Tlio  former 
is  used  in  making  round  lace,  clock  ropes,  Ac.,  and  the 
latter  containe  various  working  springs. 


is  engraved  ir 
of  the  boanL 

Apparatus  for  tarriug  tow  mats  i  the  aame  board  can 
be  used  for  various  kinds  bj  making  a  diSurent  use  of  the 
holes. 

Articles  manuIlKtuped  by  llie  blind,  under  tbo  direction 
of  tliu  exhibitor:  atraw  caq)et,  low  mat,  Ust  carpet,  lace 


r>      WlBBB  &  ScBl'LTtlBIS,  FrantfoH-oii-tltfMaim 
— Pixidueers. 
Single  and  doubls-barrellDd  rifles. 


7  Aldeht,  J.  W.,   Fraiil^ort-o*-lh&-Mi\int— Ms nuCw- 

lunr.     (Agents,  Tootal  and  Browne,  Piccadilly, 
and  11  Bond  Place,  London. 
DaguerrmtTpo apparatus,  vithdoubleachromBticIensra 
of  5i  inclu.-s  m  diameter  \  with  apecinien*  produced  by  it. 

8  Miter  &  Scuwibze,  FraiJcfort-o»-tl'*-Maiut 

— Man  ufacturers . 
Specimen  of  coloured  cotton  and  woollen  yam. 


1122 


FRANKFORT-ON-THE-MAINE. 


9  Both,  0.  W. — Manufacturer. 

Enamelled,  waxed,  and  brown  calf  skins. 


10  Both,  J.  A.,  &  Sows,  IVankfort-on-the-Maine  — 

Manufacturerg. 
Calf-skinB,  black  on  one  side,  brown,  and  yamiBhed. 

1 1  Bfpp  &  Bechstbin,  Drankfort'On-the-Jfaine — 

Producers. 
Six  black  yamiBhed  calf-skins,  soft  and  pliable. 

12  BAiDFinECKBii,  J.  B.,  jun.,  Frankfort-on-the- 

Maine — Manufacturer. 
Various  samples  of  ink  for  copper-plate  and  other 
printing. 

13  KsEBS,  Benjamin,  and  Baueb,  J.  C. — Producers 

and  Proprietors. 
Specimens  of  letter-press  printing.  The  G^e^man-text 
types,  are  cut  after  the  concordance  system  (proportional 
size  of  letters),  extensivdy  introduced  into  Germany.  By 
this  process  the  kerning  of  the  OTcrhanging  parts  is  ob- 
yiated,  and  the  type  when  cast  occupies  only  tne  body  of 
the  letters.  Roman  and  italic  of  a  noyel  and  superior  style. 

14  WxTEST,  Caspab  Lttdwio,  Frw/^ort'On-U^ 

Maine — ^Inyentor, 
Playing  cards  of  yarious  kinds. 

15  Vaoonits,  Johann  Joseph,  Ffankfort'on-ihe- 

Maine — Manufacturer. 
So&  carpets,  with  border. 

16  HoFPMAN,  G.  J.,  &  Son,  Frankfort'On-the- 

Maine. 
Porcelain  stoye  intended  to  combine  the  comforts  of 
an  open  fire  with  the  usual  adyantages  of  a  stoye. 
This  stoye  is  represented  in  the  illustration  on  the  next 

page.  

17  ZwonkV^AUTEiSRyFrankfort-on'the-Maine. 
Gilt  lustre  in  bronze  for  32  lights,  in  the  Grecian  style 

18  Baab,   G.  a.  B.,  Frankfort'on-the-Maine — Pro- 

ducer.    (Acent  Mr.  J.  Kellermann,  13  Broad 
Street  Biiildines.) 
Great  key,  exhibited  tor  fine  and  difficult  workmanship. 
Iron  safe.  

19  ZiMMBBMANN,  Ebnest  Geobob,  Frankfort-on-the 

Maine — Manu&cturer.     (Agent  in  London,  F. 

Kellermann,  94  London  W^.) 
Simdiy  articles  in  zinc  and  iron.  Ash  cases.  Match- 
stand.  Card  racks.  Screen.  Screen,  with  candlestick. 
Ink-stands.  Jewel-case.  Thermometers,  encased  in 
iron.  Looking-glasses.  flower-stand.  Card -trays. 
Pen  and  cigar  holders.  Watch  and  tobacco  cases.  Canme- 
sticks,  branched  and  flat.  Match  cases.  Paper  weight. 
Bronze  cup.  Night-lamp.  Night-lamp,  with  watch.  C*on 
wire  work.  Tnmsparent  plate.  Watch,  with  white  and 
red  dials,  flower-pots,  iron  and  zinc  castings  of  yarious 
groups  of  animals  and  birds,  &c. 


20    (]k>ii>80H]aDT,  MoBiTZ,  &  Son,  Frankfort-on-tke- 

Maine — Manufacturers. 
A  lady*s  jewel-box,  containing  bracelet,  brooch,  watch- 
hook,  a  pair  of  earrings,  and  chains  of  gold.     Gbeen 
enamel  with  diamonds. 


21     Tacchis,  p.  a.,  &  Co.,  Frankfort-on-the-Maine, 
(Agents,  J.  k  R.  M*Craken,  Old  Jewry.) 

A  large  fountain  of  alabaster  ciystal,  with  tubes,  shells, 
and  a  caroel  lamp,  with  gUt  bronze  ornaments,  and  ar- 
rangements for  uie  more  efiectiye  conducting  the  water, 
for  dining  rooms  and  conserratories.  The  fountain  is 
represented  in  the  enffraying  on  tlie  next  page. 

Vases,  on  pedcstab  of  i£ibaster  glass,  ?rith  gold  deco- 
ration, Grecian  style. 


Vases  of  green  {chrysopraee)  glass,  gold  decoration, 
Ghrocian  style.        

22  YoOELSANa,  J.,  k  Sons,  Frankfort-on-ihe-Maine 

— Inyentors  and  Manu&cturers. 

Glass  wares,  coloured,  cut,  and  gilt,  yiz.: — Flower  and 
candelabra  ornaments;  pink  glass  plated  with  layers  of 
alabaster,  cut  and  gilt. 

Vases  on  pedestal,  in  alabaster  glass,  with  chrysopraso 
firosted  bandies  in  form  of  dragons,  formine  one  piece 
with  the  body  of  the  yase ;  iQabaster,  wiUi  sapphire 
blue  twisted  snake  handles,  enamelled;  flint-glass,  plated 
with  enamel,  cut  and  painted;  turquoise,  plated  with 
enamel,  cut  flowers  ana  arabesques,  gilt ;  double  plated 
with  enamel  and  sapphire  blue,  black  etched  pattern, 
and  gilt ;  alabaster,  with  chrysoprase  frosted  figures 
and  body ;  crystal,  with  sapplure  blue  plated  and  cut 
palm  bordier,  pink  and  sapphire  blue  snakes,  and  pink 
body ;  and  alabaster,  with  turquoise  border  and  snake, 
enamelled. 

Hock  bottle,  wine  glass,  and  champagne  glass,  in 
crystal,  cut  with  ruby  Gothic  pattern  and  spiral  en- 
grayings.  Wine  glass,  ciystal,  cut  with  ruby  Gothic 
pattern  and  spiral  gold  leayes. 

Vases,  ciystal  plated  with  enamel  and  si^phire  blue,  cut 
and  enamelled  in  colours. 

Tazzas,  pink  plated  with  enamel,  with  pink  snake,  cut 
and  gilt.  Vases,  crystal,  cut,  with  ruby  middle  and  ruby 
stones,  gilt.  Magnum  candle  lamps,  chrysoprase  plated 
with  enamel,  cut  and  gilt.  Scent  bottles,  crystal  cut, 
ruby  stones,  and  gilt ;  and  oiystal  plated  with  enameL 
with  pink  snake,  gUt. 

Large  chalice,  with  ruby  coyer,  engrayed. 

23  Albbbt,    J.    v.,  jun.,  Frankfort-fm-ike-Mmne — 

Manufacturer.    (Agent,  A.  Pritchard,  163  fleet 
Street.) 
Moor's  head  conjuring  toy,  and  Ckrman  dolls.    Speci- 
mens of  artificial  glass  eyes,  iar  Inrds,  animals,  &o.   Reliefs 
cut  in  stag's  horn,  in  the  manner  of  cameo. 

Optical  objects  for  the  polarization  of  light : — Largo 
plate  of  tourmaline.  Large  prism  of  nickeL  Achromatic 
prism  of  rock  crystaL  Discs  of  rock  ciystal  and  dark 
quartz.    Discs  of  topaz,  diopsid,  and  tourmaline. 

[If  a  beam  of  light  be  allowed  to  fidl  upon  a  plate  of 
glass  at  the  angle  of  56%  it  separates  into  two  rays  or  beams, 
with  different  properties  on  different  sides.  If  we  suppose 
another  plate  of  glass  to  be  placed  oyer  the  former,  the 
reflected  rays  will  pass  through  it  when  in  some  positions, 
and  not  in  others ;  if  the  glass  be  turned  through  an 
angle  of  90%  the  light  will  be  reflected  in  one  quadrant, 
transmitted  in  a  second,  and  so  alternately  till  the  circle 
be  completed ;  that  is,  in  two  quadrants  it  is  reflected, 
and  in  the  other  two  it  is  refracted,  and  hence  it  is  said  to 
be  polarized ;  but,  as  we  know  nothing  of  the  poles,  this 
must  be  considered  as  a  oonyentional  tenn,  to  ayoid 
repeating  the  conditions  by  which  it  is  produced.  The 
objects  exhibited  are  well  known  to  philoeophen  from 
their  polarising  effect  upon  the  rays  of  light  transmitted 
through  them. — J.  G.] 

Fourteen  models  in  crystal  of  precious  stones.  German 
liard  glass  chemical  apparatus.  Thermometers ;  register 
and  others.  Phenakisticope,  af^er  Professor  John  Miiller, 
for  explaining  the  theoir  of  yibrations — ^latest  improye- 
ments,  with  portfolio  of  drawings.  Stereoscope,  witn  new 
and  interesting  drawings  after  Professor  F.  M.  Hessemer. 
Portfolio  of  drawings. 

24        Dbesleb,   Fbbsebic,   Frankfori-on-tke- Maine — 

Inventor  and  Manufiu^urer.  (Agent«  in  London, 

G.  Duples,  Idol  Lane;  and  J.  Kellermann,  13 

Broad  Street  Buildings.) 

Specimens  of  types  of  the  C^erman,  Gk>thio,  Enghsli, 

French,   Russian,  and  Hebrew    languages ;    ornaments, 

borders,  &c.    Matrices  of  the  types. 


PBANKFOBT-ON-THE-MAINE. 


PBANKPOBT-ON-THE-MAINE. 


IT  TKHtjIlin  oompoeitioii. 


20  Qomu,  P^nii  Fkasz,  Uranlifart-on-t^lfaiHe,  and 
11  Qiteen  Btnet,  London — MBnufkcturer, 
Work-boiee,  with  bronw  plates.  Double  tea-csddj. 
Work-boi,  wiUi  painted  jriate.  Knitting  box,  with  tr&j ; 
with  bronze  plate  ■,  and  with  steel  pUte.  Work-box,  with 
the  ume.  Knitting-boxee.  Ink-itsnds.  Ladica'  desks, 
enTelope,  work,  and  Imitting-boies,  with  tmyi. 

27        KoBULBB,  Soutsm,  Framkfort-on-at-Matne 
FroduflST. 
Tnt-csddj,  made  of  wood  in  imitation  of  Oennan 
needlework,  in  moeaics. 


28    WoHM*HBTB,J.B.»en.,Jhiii*/brt-wKi*«-JCi««— 
Show  card.    Writing  desk.    Diarjr.    Buled  paper. 


29    Dkuebseakf,  FsniSBiK  Wnxuv,  Frankfort-o^ 

^otnneque  relief  a  soene  in  Switierlond. 
Pictoresque  relief  of  the  Swim  Alp*  and  Itwir  bouml- 
aries.    Inoomplfite 


30        SosHSBBiB,  8.,  H-aiik/ort-on-IJit-MaiM»— 
Bookseller. 

WoH»  and  objects  of  the  middle  age* 
by  C.  Becker  and  3.  TOn  He&er. 

Gothio  A  B  C,  or  rules  of  the  Qolhio  stjles  for  artists 
and  artisooe,  by  Fred.  HoS^tadt. 

Uemorials  of  Bomon  architectan  on  the  Ehicc^  by 
Oeier  and  Gorti,  Has.  1  to  4. 


31  ViXm,  Ahiohto,  Franl^orf-<m-aa-Maiit&~ 

froduoer. 
Group,  in  irory,  Ariadne  on  apedestaL 

32  XBiBB,aBOBaiLBWuTo)r,  (^ni&Mi,««ar 

Rautfbrt-om-ti^Jlaine — Froduoar. 
Small  statue  of  the  poet  Ot.  B.  liCising,  ptoduced  b; 
electrotjpe  process. 

The  model  is  tn  Froteaor  B.  Bisbdiel,  sculptor,  Dna- 
m.    Bss-telief.  "  Guoid  uDon  a  Dantlur."  electrotvoe. 


13  Stsidoe,  Fbbdeue — AMdooer. 

Speeunans  of  plain  tad  oolound  fJtotography. 


CommittJoun;  M.  Ebctob  Bobbslbb,  23  Bouthamptn  Street,  Btraud. 


Tbs  productioDB  of  tbU  State  exhibited  are  tho  united  contribntion  of  about  eighty  axbibilon.  Proportjonately 
to  the  number  exhibiting,  the  objects  included  under  raw  materials  are  more  numerous  than  in  Hveral  other 
imtaocea  of  the  collections  of  Foreign  States.  Some  of  these  are  of  high  interest,  particularly  those  sent  from 
Salahauaen  and  Kreuznach.  The  agricultural  products  forwarded  b;  the  Central  Board  of  Agriculture  witii 
the  implements  have  a  peculiar  value  and  interest,  as  the  practical  representatives  of  the  fruit  of  the  soil  and  of 
the  iustrumenta!  means  employed  in  its  production.  The  chemical  products  are  also  valuable— such  as  tbooe 
exhibitiiig  the  production  of  sugar,  dextrine,  &c.,  from  the  starch  of  the  potato.  Musical  instruments  and  soms 
DiukMophical  apparatus  will  also  be  found  among  thoee  articles,  llie  linen  manufacture  is  represented 
Vf  a  few  eihiUtors  of  towelling,  table-cloths,  &c.  A  more  important  manufacture  to  this  State,  thai  of 
leather,  has  nine  or  ten  exhibitors.  Miscellaneous  and  fancy  wares,  often  so  largely  coutributing  to  the  export 
oomiDeroe  of  Foreign  States,  are  adequately  represented  here.  In  the  fine  arte  are  some  elaborate  specimens  of 
earring,  and  specimens  at  careful  pkle-printing,  exhibited  to  illustrate  the  necessity  for  discretion  on  the  pirt 
of  the  printer  in  developing  the  effects  intended  by  the  artist  and  engraver.— B.  E. 


1  BcicinrBB,  Wiuuuf,  Fftmgttadt,  near  Darautadt 

— Man  u&cturcr . 

Spedmens  of  ultramarine : — The  peculiarities  are  Iheir 
ligbtneas  and  impalpability,  so  that,  with  some  exceptions, 
thn  can  bo  employed  ia  llie  glaiing  of  cotton  and  paper, 
with  the  sgate-atone,  nithuut  requiring  the  use  of  the  brush. 

[Ultramarine,  the  "saphciros"  of  Tbeophrastufl,  was 
RDployed  at  an  wirly  period  in  painting,  Thoophiastus 
■1*0  placea  "  cjanue,"  which  was  llie  blue  Armenian  steno, 
■nKmg  the  colours  used  by  painters :  this  latter  is  coloured 
by  the  bicarbonate  of  copper,  and  is  not  so  permanent  as 
that  produced  from  the  true  "lazulite" — the  ultramarine. 
Laiulile  if  found  in  Great  Bocharia  anil  in  China ;  it  ii 
acted  upon  by  the  acids,  but  is  unchanged  by  tho  teat  of 
fire,  which  deatrojs  the  carbonates  of  copper.  Tenicc 
moDOpoliied  the  preparation  of  ultramarine  for  a  long 
prroxL— E.  Hi.] 

2  BoSBXBno  &  Co.,  Oiwren— l:*roprie[or 
Specmjens  of  manganeeo  ore,  oihibitiiig  a  very  perfect 

oyitalliDO  structure,  and  yieldbig,  oo  an  average  of  four 
■nalyiss,  ■•  much  as  96'45  per  Cent,  peroxide  of  manganeae. 
Votoid  WW  Battenbc^,  near  Oiessen. 

le  is  obtained  in  Europe  exclusirelj  from  the 
le  with  or  without  wslcr.  Tliis  occurs  in  various 
ptonw,  and  is  very  sbundant.  Fyrolusitc,  tho  ciystalline 
**riety,  ooDtains  veiy  little  water,  and  givca  off  10  to  11 
pivoeDl.  ofoiygen  at  a  red  heat.  It  is  generally  massive, 
tmt  not  unfreqnently  distinct  crystals  occur. — D.  T.  A] 


3  Salt  and  Lionitb  Wobes,  SaUha^uen. 

Baw  products ; — Earthy  lignite,  employed  in  the  mann- 
lactiuv  of  salt ;  bituminous  wood,  employed  in  the  maDU> 
bcture  of  dressiug  cssea,  £c. ;  and  lou  lignite. 

Principal  articlea  of  manufacture:  —  Lignite  blocks 
{BrautilcoMeyiklatze),  prepared  from  the  im^er  particles, 
also  used  as  a  combustible,  in  another  stage  of  the  mano- 
(acturo  of  salti  common  salt;  salt  for  manure  (J>Bi^#a&), 
produced  firom  the  remains  of  tho  boiling  and  refining  of 
the  salt ;  salt  Scum  {Salachanm^,  taken  from  tbe  upper 
■ur&oe  of  the  salt-pans,  and  mixed  with  tbe  unconiumed 
portion  of  the  sedunent,  also  a  powerful  manure ;  lignite 
aib,  used  in  the  improvement  of  damp  meadows  and  heavy 
ground. 

[Dr.  Braund,  tho  Professor  of  Botany  at  Gicssen,  has 
discovered  lately,  in  tho  lignite  of  Sakhausen,  aeeds  and 
leaves  of  tho  vino  {rWiipini/ura).— Jurtas  Zw%.] 


5        Salt  Wobkb,  TheodorihaUt,  near  SreaauuA. 
Bolt  ciyslals,  remarkable  for  their  siso:— Bottle  of  CO 
ntrstod  mothci^ley  iMalifrlaiye). 

lime,  which  riaea 

of  Bingen. 

lother-ley  (a  concentrated  fluid  which  remains  in 

the  salt-pan*  aRer  the  separation  of  the  aalt)  oonlains, 
irith  a  specific  grarity  of  18176,  in  100  parts  j— 


6  porphyriti 
iters  the  Bh 


1126 


GRAND  DUCHY  OF  HESSE. 


Chloride  of  sodium       .    .    »    .    .  0*389 

Bromide  and  iodide  of  sodium    .    .  0*689 

Chloride  of  potassium 2'883 

Chloride  of  calcium       .    .    .    .    .  25*703 

Chloride  of  magnesium      ....  3*758 

Water 67068 

The  mother-ley,  on  account  of  the  considerable  quan- 
tities of  bromine,  iodine,  and  chloride  of  calcium  which  it 
contains,  is  employed  efficaciously  for  baths. 

[The  manufacture  of  salt  from  brine  springs  is  conducted 
in  nearly  the  same  manner  in  many  parts  of  the  Conti- 
nent; and  as  one  very  large  estabUshment  exists  near 
Kreuznaoh,  some  account  of  the  process  may  find  place 
here. 

Brine  springs  are  seldom  saturated  or  sufficiently  strong 
to  render  it  economical  to  evaporate  them  at  once,  as  even 
in  fiivourable  oases  the  quantity  of  salt  is  less  than  one- 
tenth  that  of  the  water,  and  sometimes*not  more  than  one 
per  cent.  The  natural  brine  is  therefore  pumped  to  a 
canal  at  the  top  of  a  building,  whence  it  is  allowed  to 
descend  slowly  over  a  vast  wall  of  faggots  80  to  40  feet 
high,  6  to  10  feet  thick,  and  1,200  to  1,500  feet  long, 
exposed  on  the  side  of  the  prevailing  winds.  Descending 
slowly  through  these  faggots,  a  large  quantity  of  the  water 
is  evaporated,  and  the  remainder  is  repumped  as  a  much 
stronger  brine  to  another  similar  wall ;  and  so  on  four  or 
five  times  over,  \mtil  the  quantity  of  salt  is  16  to  20  per 
cent.  The  evaporation  is  then  completed  by  the  aid  of 
fuel— D.  T.  A.] 

6  JoiraHAxrs  k  Ysnatob,  BauerkeUef's  Pnsganstaltf 

Darmstadt — ManufiM^urers. 
Maps  in  relief  and  maps  printed  in  colours : — G^lo- 

§'oal  majp  in  relief  of  the  grand  duchy  and  electorate  of 
esse,  with  the  duchy  of  Nassau  and  neighbouring  coun- 
tries, tinted  in  27  colours,  upon  a  scale  of  1  in  900,000 
horizontally,  and  1  in  90,000  vertically ;  by  L.  Ewald, 
secretary  of  the  G^graphic»l  Society  of  Darmstadt.  This 
map  extends  from  Muenster  to  Anspach,  and  from 
Brunswick  to  Zweibrucken  (Deux-ponts),  and  contains, 
besides  the  moimtains  in  the  above-named  countries,  the 

S eater  portion  of  the  Harts,  the  Thuringerwald,  the 
aardt  mountains,  the  Hundsruck  and  the  Eif^  the 
Teutoburgerwald,  and  the  Weser  mountains. 

(^eoloeical  map,  in  relief^  of  Wurtembexg,  Baden,  and 
the  neighbouring  countries,  including  the  Palatinate  and 
Alsatia,  tinted  in  80  colours,  by  L.  Ewald;  upon  the 
same  scale  as  the  preceding  map.  This  map  contains  the 
Odenwald,  the  Black  Forest,  i^e  Hundsruck,  the  Qerman 
portion  of  the  Jura  (Bauhe  Alp),  and  the  Swabian  table- 
land. 

Bauerkeller*s  Hand-atlas,  embracing  the  principles  of 
universal  gecgraphy,  in  80  maps,  a  physical  description  of 
the  surface  of  the  globe,  and  various  statistical  tables  and 
topographical  indices,  b^  L.  Ewald.  Of  this  atlas  the  half, 
or  forty  maps,  printed  m  colours,  have  already  appeared, 
two  in  illustration  of  the  mathematical,  three  of  the 
physical,  nine  of  the  topical,  and  twentv-six  of  the  statis- 
tical and  topographical  departments  oi  the  work,  with  a 
corresponding  portion  of  letter-press. 

[We  owe  to  the  G^ermans  the  first  introduction  of^  and 
subsequent  improvements  in,  the  art  of  embossing  paper, 
so  as  to  present  in  relief  by  the  process  of  printing,  any 
required  series  of  Unes  and  marks.  Such  a  process  seems 
well  adapted  to  the  purpose  of  exhibiting  roughly  some  of 
the  more  prominent  physical  features  of  a  country  in  a 
striking  way  to  the  student.  More  than  this  can,  however, 
hardly  be  expected ;  but  for  educational  objects  this  ought 
not  to  be  neglected.  Bauerkellor's  maps  of  Svritzerlaud 
and  of  Europe  have  for  some  time  been  known  in  England. 
— D.  T.  A.] 


7  Koch,  F.,  Oppenheim — Manufacturer. 

Alkaloids,  from  Peruvian  bark;  for  medicinal  purposes, 
especially  in  agues. 

[The  alkaloids  to  which  Peruvian  bark  owes  its  medi- 
cinal properties  are  principally  dnchonia  and  quina.  The 
latter,  in  combination  with  sulphuric  add,  is  the  ordinary 
quinine  of  the  shops.  These  alkaloids  are  intensely  bitter, 
and  the  latter  especially  has  proved  one  of  the  most  valued 
therapeutic  agents  in  the  hands  of  the  physician.  Quinine 
is  popularly  considered  a  specific  in  intermittent  diseases, 
and  is  imquestionably  of  great  though  not  in£Bdlible  service 
in  such  disorders. — B.  E.] 

8  Oehleb,  Cabl,  Ojfenbach — Manufacturer. 
Samples  of  chemically  pure  creosote,  crystallized  creosote, 

coal,  naphtha,  resin,  lamp  black,  Paris  black  for  copper- 
plate and  lithographic  printers,  and  for  dyeing  Spanish 
leather  ;  pure  crystallized  sal  ammoniac. 

9  Bbbvabd  Bbothsbs,  Offenbach — Manufiicturers. 
Samples  of  snuff. 

10  Meysb  k  LiNDT,  Sprendlmgeny  near  Frankfort'On- 

the  Maine — Manufacturers. 

Samples  of  the  finest  wheat  flour,  meal  groats,  and 
rye  flour.  

1 1  MuELLEB,  J.  P.,  Offenba^ — ^Manufisusturer. 
Specimens  of  tobacco  and  cigars. 

1 2  Zahn  k  YoLBBEOHT,  RuesteUheimj  near  Mentz 

— Manu£M;turers. 
Samples  of  ohioor^  or  Overman  ooffbe. 

[The  botanical  name  of  chicoree  is  Cichorkim  UUylmt, 
It  is  imported  in  large  quantities  into  Great  Britain, 
being  used  to  an  enormous  extent  in  the  adulteration  of 
coffee.  It  is  cultivated  largely  in  Germany  and  the  Nether- 
lands. The  tap-root  is  the  part  of  the  plant  which  is 
used.  It  is  cut  in  pieces,  dried,  partially  torrefied,  and 
then  used  alone,  or  mixed  with  coffee  for  preparing 
beverage.  It  is  also  cultivated  bu^y  in  Britain — to  the 
extent  of  perhaps  3,000  or  4,000  tons  annually. — B.  £.] 


13     The  CsKTSAL  Boasd  of  AoBicuLTirBB  for  the 
QtJLASD  DxrcHT  of  HsssE,  Darmttadt. 

Samples  of  agricultural  products: — Gk>mmer,  a  rerj 
favourite  and  wholesome  article,  much  used  in  the  neigh- 
bourhood in  the  preparation  of  soups  $  manufiustured  from 
black  amel  wheat  (TrUicum  amylewn)f  which,  for  this  pur- 
pose, is  deprived  of  its  skin  by  mill-stones. 

Oak  bark,  used  in  the  tanning  of  sole  leather,  frx>m 
the  Quercue  peduncuhUOf  mixed  with  Qnercne  eessUiflora 
15-year  shoots,  from  the  extensive  oak  forests  near  Hirsch- 
hom,  on  the  Neckar. 

Tobacco  leaves  (Deekhlaiter)^  from  Lorsch  and  Vim- 
heim  near  Mannheim,  grown  upon  a  light  sandy  soiL 

[The  seeds  of  JPinm  pinea  (the  stone  pine)  are  commonly 
sold  in  foreign  markets  as  an  article  of  dessert.  They 
taste  somewhat  like  hazel  nuts. — J.  L.] 

Models  of  agricultural  in^lements,  &c : — The  improved 
plough  by  Bergstrasser.  QHie  form  of  the  coulter  and  of 
the  stilts  of  the  well-known  Flanders  plough  is  retained, 
both,  however,  united  in  one ;  and  upon  that  part  of  the 
coulter  which  is  most  subiect  to  wear,  a  plate,  acting  as  a 
carpenter's  plane,  is  affixed  by  a  screw,  so  that  the  plough 
rests  solely  upon  this  plate  and  upon  the  heel,  and  there- 
fore requires  less  power  than  other  ploughs  with  narrow 
soles. 

The  Braunfels  potato  mill,  for  brandy  distiDeries ;  crush- 
ing the  potato  with  scarcely  any  manual  assistance,  and 
reaucing  it  to  the  finest  pulp.  Comparative  trials  with 
cylinders  of  wood  and  stone  nave  shown  the  superiority 


GRAND  DUCHY  OP  HESSE. 


1127 


of  this  machine,  in  the  quantity  of  brandy  produced.    Up- 
ward! of  two  tons  of  potatoes  may  be  reauced  to  a  com- 
pnlp,  by  this  machine,  in  one  hour. 
Shuoea  of  wood  and  stone,  for  irrigation. 

14  HoncAHir,  Geoboe  Wilhslm,  Inffenheim^  near 

Darmttadt — Manu&cturer. 

Speciniens  of  starch  from  potatoes,  used  as  weayers'  glue 
for  cotton  warps,  and  for  dressing  printed  calicoes. 

Dextrine,  two  sorts :  Gomelin  in  cirstals,  and  in  powder. 
Ohiooae^  uaed  instead  of  gum-arabic  for  dressing,  weaving, 
and  in  printing  wools,  cottons,  or  silks.  Also  advan- 
tageoualy  employed  by  paper-stainers,  and  for  stiffening 
ganxet,  glazing  of  P^)^*  ^* 

Syrup  of  starch  {TraubenzmcJcer)^  employed  in  the  ma- 
nofiietare  of  beer  and  vinegar.  The  usual  proportion  is 
half  of  this  suffar  and  half  malt. 

White  and  brown  sago. 

Starch  from  wheat  {WaitzenHSrke)^  of  four  varieties. 

[Dextrine  is  the  chemical  name  of  starch  after  it  has 
been  exposed  to  a  temperature  of  ^OO""  Fahrenheit.  Starch 
maj  be  veiy  readily  converted  into  sugar  (ffrape-suffor) 
by  b<Mling  it  for  several  hours  in  diluted  sulphuric  acid 
and  water.  The  acid  may  afterwards  be  separated  from 
it  by  neutralizing  with  chalk,  and  the  solution  in  evapo- 
ration yields  a  quantity  of  grape-sugar  rather  exceeding 
in  weight  the  quantity  of  starch  employed.  It  is  exten- 
■irefy  used  in  some  parts  of  the  Continent,  where  sugar 
from  the  sugar-cane  is  not  readily  obtained. — B.  E.] 

1 5  Appbl,  Caul,  Chiesheim,  near  Darmstadt. 
Tarious  sorts  of  forest,  grass,  and  clover  seeds. 

16  lilCHBL  &  MoBELL,  Mayence — Manu&cturers. 
Black  for  copper-plate  printing  of  different  sorts,  pre- 
pared frtmi  the  best  wine-lees  finely  ground,  easily  worked 
and  producing  a  durable  hue. 

Lanm-black,  best  calcined,  in  lumps,  used  for  lithogra- 
phy, ofthe  deepest  hue,  easily  worked  and  destitute  of  resin ; 
from  pine  calcmed,  drying  quickly,  used  for  varnishing  fine 
soft  cidf ;  and  another  sort  useful  for  the  preparation  of 
printing  black. 

Varnish-black  and  real  ivory  black,  finely  ground;  darkest 
black  varnishing  colour,  to  be  used  with  oil. 

Paste  black,  dissolved  in  liquid ;  vivid  black,  for  paper- 
hangings,  &jC. 

Paris  black,  a  varnish  black,  that  can  be  applied  with 
oiL 

Black  for  blacking,  Frankfort  black,  &c. 

(The  whole  of  the  compounds  described  contain  essen- 
tially the  same  colouring  matter — carbon,  in  different 
molecular  conditions.  There  is, however, a  marked  difference 
in  their  appearance  to  the  eye ;  and  the  practised  artizan 
detects  various  degrees  of  excellence  unappreoiable  to 
others.  The  Frankfort  black,  wliich  is  prepared  from  the 
charred  husks  and  residue  of  the  wine  process,  is  distin- 
guished by  the  peculiar  velvety  lustre  of  impressions  taken 
with  it.  The  notes  of  the  Bank  of  England  are  printed 
with  this  black,  which  affords  one  test  of  their  genuineness 
— R.  E.] 

1 7  Dick  k  Kibschtex,  Offenbach — Manufacturers. 
Phaeton,  built  chiefly  of  iron,  for  one  or  two  horses, 

and  patterns  of  three  different  axlctrees. 


18  Diceobe,  a.,  CHessen — Gun-maker. 

Rifle,  four  feet  ten  inches  long,  inlaid  with  gold  and 
silver.  The  stock  of  walnut-wood  is  carved  and  orna- 
mented with  carvings  in  ivory  of  several  hunting  subjects, 
together  with  mould,  measure  for  powder,  and  screw 
ramrod.  The  sight  is  connected  witn  a  micrometer,  by 
which  the  aim,  at  the  usual  rifle  target  at  120  paces,  is 
rendered  more  certain. 


19  ScHUCHARD,  H.,  Darmsiadt — Manufiusturer. 
Several  patterns  of  hats,  cocked  and  round  from  felt,  or 

hare  skinj  silk  hats  with  felt  foundation;  hat  (and feather) 
of  beaver  and  musk ;  glazed  hats  in  their  original  colour, 
&c. 

Two  officers'  helmets,  one  being  made  out  of  a  single  flat 
piece  of  leather  without  seam;  and  the  other,  helmet  and 
peak  both  of  one  piece  of  leather,  the  seam  being  under 
the  brass  behind.  

20  KuEHNST,  Gottlieb,  DarmHadi — Manufacturer. 
Mahogany  grand  piano-forte  of  6i  octaves,  with  peculiar 

action.  ^^__^ 

21  Mauby,  J.  C,  Offenbach^-MArmhcttvaer. 
Various  helmets,  military  and  other  cajps  in  japanned 

felt  and  leather.    Fire-buckets  from  one  piece. 

22  Hugh,  H.  C,  lfef»^«— Manufacturer. 
Levelling  instrument,  with  case  and  stand,  furnished 

with  an  achromatic  telescope,  with  an  object-glass  of  above 
1  inch  diameter,  and  horizontal  micrometer  movement. 
It  is  intended  for  the  use  of  architects,  engineers,  agricul- 
turists, &c.,  and  for  laying  down  railroads  and  highways. 

23  Klein,  C,  Ifeirfz— Manu&cturer. 

Alt  vono,  a  small  brass  instrument,  and  an  B  flat  clari- 
onet, both  with  German  silver  keys  ;  F  clarionet ;  B 
clarionet ;  B  cometto,  entirely  of  Gkrman  silver. 

[CUrionets  are  named  according  as  they  are  pitched; 
and  the  three  most  generally  used  are  the  C,  B  flat,  and 
A,  each  as  they  stand  being  a  note  higher  than  the  last, 
t.  0.,  a  note  which  the  C  clarionet  would  sound  as  C,  a 
B  flat  clarionet  would  sound  2),  and  the  A  clarionet  Eflat, 
There  are  small  shrill  clarionets  in  military  use  called 
£  flat  and  F.  The  various  clarionets  are  used  for  diffisivnt 
keys,  one  executing  with  fiidlity  what  in  another  is  found 
difficult.— H.  E.  D.] 

24  MuELLEE,  C.  A.,  3fen/x— Manufacturer. 
Brass  comet  ^  piston. 

25  ScnoTTS,  B.,  &  Sons,  Mentz — Manufiicturcrs. 
Semigrand  pianoforte  in  zebra  wood,  61  octaves. 

26  Seidel,  JosEpn,  Mentz — Manufiicturer. 
Clarionets  of  boxwood,  mounted  with  ivory,  brass  keys ; 

flutes  and  piccolo  of  the  same  materials. 


27  Arzt,  p.  L.,  3£icheUtadt — Manu£M;turer. 

Specimens  of  green  and  mulberry  woollen  cloth,  buck- 
skin, &c. 

28  McEHSCHEL,  WiKZENTiiED,  &  Co.,  Herrenhoog^ 

near  BUdingen — ManufiEU^turers. 
An   assortment  of  crochet  woollen  work  (Hakel-oder 
StrumpJ\caaren)f  including  worsted  gloves,  &c. 


29  LoHN,  Steward  of  the  Hospital  of  Schlitz, 

near  Fulda — Manufiictiuvr. 
Towels  of  different  damask  patterns,  and  damask  table- 
cloths, with  napkins,  the  whole  from  hand-spim  flax,  and 
grass  bleached,  from  the  manufactory  of  the  exhibitor. 

30  Struth,  v.,  sen.,  Lauterbach — Manufacturer. 
Table-cloth  and  napkins,  from  flax  yam,  spun  by  hand 

and  grass  bleached. 

31  InM,  BoEHH  &  Pfaltz,  Offenbach — Manufacturers. 
Sixvimcns  of  japanned  leathers. 

32  IIetl,  C,  Worms — Manu&cturers. 

Black  japanned   leather  for  shcx^s   and   boots.      The 
lt*ather  has  a  deep  gloss,  and  nniiains  pliant  to  the  larit. 


1128 


GRAND  DUCHY  OP  HESSE. 


33    DoxBB  &  Bbikhabbt,  TTormt— Manufiioturen. 

Japanned  and  enamelled  calf-skins,  the  former  exdu- 
sirely  emplojred  by  shoemakers,  and  the  latter  in  the 
manu&ctnre  of  ftimitare. 


34  HxLLiCAim,  J.,  Neeharsteinaeh — ^Inrentor  and 

Manufacturer. 
Patterns  of  leather  for  soles.    This  leather  is  said  to  be 
prepared  by  a  process  different  from  any  in  use  in  England, 
France,  and  iMorth  America.   The  patterns  exhibited  were 
prepared  from  a  Gkrman  hide. 

35  Matxb,  Faitl,  Metdt — Manufacturer. 
Patterns  of  manufiictured  leather.     Half-brown  hide, 

half-bridle  hide,  brown  calf-skin,  waxed  calf-skin,  and 
several  boot-legs  and  fore-shoes,  manufactured  from  calf 
and  horse  hides.    

36  Mateb,  Michel  &  Deiokobb,  JfenU — 

Manufacturers. 

Japanned  and  enamelled  hides,  black  and  in  rarious 
colours,  for  saddle  and  coach  work.  Dyed  calf-skins, 
moroccos  (goat-skins),  roans  (sheep-skins  unsplit),  and 
split  sheep-skins,  dyed  in  different  colours  for  bookbinding 
furniture,  boot  and  shoe-making,hatters, coach-builders, &c. 

Black  japanned  calf-skins  (patent  calf),  enamelled  goat 
and  calf  skms,  black  and  coloured,  for  boot  and  shoe  work. 

Japanned  calf  (stout),  for  coach  and  harness-makers,  hog- 
skins,  harness  hides,  hides  for  bridles,  stirrups,  and  saddlw, 
and  other  hides  and  skins  for  various  uses. 


37  MnroFBio  &  HoHWiEsyBB,  Bingen  —  Manufiic- 
turers.  (Agent,  F.  Kellermann,  94  London 
Wall,  dtj). 

Black  japanned  calf-skins ;  calf-skins  with  the  hair,  for 
ooach-mskkers,  for  trunk-msJcers,  and  heifer-skin  {Ra^ 
pei^elt),  for  saddlers. 

Sheet  nettle-doth  (2feiaelHoff)f  japanned  in  three 
colours,  black,  green,  and  yellow. 

Pair  of  boots  of  japanned  calf-leather.  Pair  of  shoes 
with  the  hair  on  the  inside.  The  emplovment  of  japanned 
leather,  with  the  hair  upon  the  inside  of  the  skin,  for  boots 
and  shoes,  is  intended  to  preserve  the  feet  against  wet  and 
cold. 

[The  new  material  called  '*  nettle-doth"  consists  of  a  very 
thick  tissued  cotton,  so  prepared  as  to  become  durable  and 
compact,  and  it  is  stated  that  it  may  be  substituted  for 
leather,  particularly  for  the  peaks  of  caps  and  waistbands, 
and  at  a  smaller  cost.  It  can  be  manufactured  of  various 
degrees  of  strength.] 


38        FBErND,  E.  A.,  Offenbach — Manufacturer. 

Specimens  of  ornamental  labels,  embossed  and  ena- 
md&d  cards  and  paper. 


39  FnomcAinr,  M.,  Damutadi  —Manufacturer. 
Specimens  of  playing  cards  of  various  sorts. 

40  Bbtttsb,  W.,  ■Dgr«M<<Ki<~Manufacturer. 

An  assortment  of  various  descriptions  and  qualities  of 
playing  cards.        

41  Pbtbi,  Joh.,  Ifenti — ^Manufiicturer. 
Specimens  of  black  for  copperplate  printers. 

42  SOHKAPPEB,  H.  L.,  0(^i»i5ac&— Manu&ctuier. 
Yarioiis  specimens  of  playing  cards. 

43  Wbbbb,  J.  B.,  Offenbaek^Mami&ietarer, 
Specimens  of  coloured  and  marbled  papers. 

44  WuBST  BB0THSB8,  DarmHadt---MjBaadBictwpen, 
Patterns  of  coloured  and  marbled  papers. 


45  KsBN,  Hsnm.,  Meniz — Manufacturer. 

Various  articles,  ornamented  with  embroidery  upon 


canvas. 


46  Ihm,  Febd.,  Offenbach — Manufacturer.    (Agents, 

J.  A.  Hoffiaiann  k  Co.,  18  Laurence  Lane.) 
Several  specimens  of  printed  and  painted  oil-cloths  for 
table  covers,  pianos,  and  the  interior  of  railway  carnages. 
Entire  pieces  of  waxed  oil-cloths. 

47  ScHtTMACHSB,  Jos.,  k  SoK,  Mcfdz — Shoemakers. 
Assortment  of  shoes,  boots,  slippers,  kc, 

48  Webneb,  M.,  Mentz — Shoemaker. 
Assortment  of  gentlemen's  boots. 


49  Beis,  G.,  k  Co.,  Mentz — ^Manufacturers. 

Camphine  lamps,  and  improved  camphine. 

[Camphine,  as  it  is  commercially  denominated,  ia  a  re- 
distilled spirit  of  turpentine,  fr'eed  by  that  process  from 
resinous  matter,  and  thus  fitted  for  combustion.  It  is 
used  in  lamps  of  a  peculiar  description,  in  the  arrange- 
ment of  which  a  rapid  current  of  air  and  an  extreme 
thinning  out  of  the  flame  are  absolute  requisites  to  it« 
perfect  action.  If  these  are  not  attended  to,  the  odour  of 
the  lamp  becomes  extremely  offensive,  from  a  part  of  the 
yapour  escaping  combustion. — B.  E.] 

60        Seebass,  a.  B.,  Offenbach — Manufacturers. 

Assortment  of  fine  cast-iron  artides,  black  varnished  and 
bronzed,  viz. — inkstands ;  night  clocks  and  night  lamps, 
with  figures  in  relief;  candelabra,  vrith  figures ;  table  and 
hand  candle-sticks ;  candle-shades ;  fruit-oishes,  kc. ;  cigar 
and  watch  stands,  with  figures,  and  other  descriptions  of 
useful  ornaments. 

51       SoHBEGEB,  B.,  Darmstadt — ^Manufiicturer. 

Artides  of  iewellery,  manufiustured  in  oxidized  silver, 
with  solid  gold  ornaments.  Paper  weights;  bracelets; 
brooches ;  Albert  chains ;  ring  and  bridge  chains  ;  breast 
pins ;  ornament  for  a  walking  stick,  with  horses ;  match 
case. 

62  Waoweb,  Joh.,  Mentz — ^Manufacturer. 
Patterns  of  mock-pearl  and  other  beads   {Olae-und 

Wachgperlen)^  in  all  colours,   and    several   ornamental) 
objects  in  beads. 

63  BUETTNEB,  P.,  Darmttadt — Manu&cturer. 
Oval  looking-glass  in  gilt  frame,  the  ornaments  in  com- 
position ;  toilet-glass ;  t&  same,  in  vdvet  and  gilt  frame. 


64        BEnrHABDT,  J.  M.,  Mentz — Manufacturer. 

Various  patterns  of  straw  chairs  with  walnut-tree  wood 
frames. 

66    Weiideblein,  J.  H.,  Darmttadt — Manufiieturer. 

Several  gilt  picture  frames,  and  an  assortment  of  frame 
patterns  in  the  Gbthic  and  renaissance  styles. 


66  Ahdbe  Bbothebs,  HirecKhom^  near  Heidbelberg — 

Manufacturer. 
Patterns  of  walnut-tree  veneers,  fiwn  wood  of  the  Oden« 
wald. 

67  G-ICK,  J.  Q-.,  Mentz — 3Canufacturer. 

An  assortment  of  basket-work,  in  rushes,  straw,  cane, 
£9ath6rs,  &o. 


68  Schmidt,  Ebnbt,  Domw^a^;/— Manu&cturcr. 
Spun  coat  and  waistcoat  buttons,  made  by  hand. 

69  Akbelm,  F.  C,  Q^«i5«c*— Manufacturer. 
Specimens  of  purses,  gold  and  silver  lace,  bullion,  kc. 


EObtVERKIIJ. 


GRAND  DUCHY  OF  HESSE. 


1129 


60  Bnoi  Bbothebs,  Offenbach — Manufiicturera. 
Specimeiui  of  cigar  cases,  leather  purses,  pocket  books* 

di«Muig  cases,  portmonxuues,  spectacle  cases,  &c. 

61  FsAiTK,  J.  G-.,  Offenbachy  Mana&cturer. 
Varnished  rattan  waUdng  cases  {Spamah  rokr),  and 

snuff  boxes  of  papier  machd. 

62  HxAB  k  Co.,  Offenhcuih — ^Manu&cturers.    (Agent, 

F.  Kellermann,  94  London  WalL) 

A  rarietj  of  pocket  books,  and  other  cases. 

63  KiJOK,  Philipp,  Offenbach — Manufacturer. 

Ket  purses,  and  other  specimens  of  weaving,  called 
"tricot.^*  

64  Klbiw,  J.  G.,  sen.,  Offenbach — ^Manufiicturer. 
Articles  in  leather,  consisting  of  purses,  cigar-cases,  with 

or  without  steel  bindings ;  pocket-books ;  paper  and  blot- 
ting cases ;  dressing-cases  for  ladies  and  gentlemen,  &c. 

65  LmninroHATTB,  A,   Offenbach — ^Manufacturer. 
Specin^ns  of  pocket-books,  cigar-cases,  purses,  &c. 

66  MoKKCH,  J.,  &  Co.,  Offenbach — Manufacturers. 
Tarious  patterns  of  tea  caddies ;  cigar,  card,  counter, 

and  work  boxes  in  yellow  and  white  Tarnished  wood,  with 
ated  mountings ;  ladies*  companions ;  cigar-cases ;  purses  ; 
pocket-books ;  portfolios,  &c.,  in  leather  with  steel 
mountings. 

67  NAnnnr,  Hsinbioh,  Bingen — 3Canufiu!turer. 
Lam  portfolio  in  red  morocco  leather,  with  lock  and 

kej.  Exhibited  for  the  ornamental  gilding,  which  has 
been  executed  by  hand  and  not  by  a  press. 

68  BuBT,  F.  A.,  Offenbach — Manufacturer. 
An  aasortment  of  purses  and  "  tricot"  goods. 

69  SsKLiKa,  L.,  k  Bboksb,  Offenbach — Manufiicturers. 
Pocket  books  of  Tarious  descriptions ;  dressing-cases ; 

albums  ;  large  writing  portfolios ;  Tarious  leather  purses 
and  cigar-cases,  with  steel  frames,  albums,  &c. 

70  Wbixtraft,  C,  jun.,  Offenbach — Manufacturer. 
Assortment  of  cotton,  half-silk,  and  silk  purses,  made 

partly  by  hand  and  partly  by  machinery,  ornamented  with 
beads  and  moimted  m  steel. 


71  BraxsTiLL,  J.,  Darmstadt — Maker. 

Specimens  of  wax  flowers  and  fruit.  Bunch  of  grapes 
with  leaTos ;  branches  of  apple  trees  in  bloom ;  camellia 
branches  with  flowers  and  buds. 


72  DuLCirs,  Chbistiane,  Bingen — Worker. 

Embroidery,  imitating  engravings,  executed  with  fine 
black  silk  upon  white  silk,  with  portraits  of  Queen  Vic- 
toria and  Prince  Albert.  A  landscape  in  embroidery, 
represent  ing  the  Castle  of  StoLtenfels. 


73  FBLflii^o,  n.,  Darmstadt — Printer. 

Impressions  from  two  landscapes,  etched  by  Abbema  of 
Dusseldorf,  with  the  Tiew  of  showing  how  far  the  art  of 
the  printer  can  assist  an  cngraTing.  One  proof  shows  the 
engraTing,  printed  in  the  ordinary  manner ;  the  other,  what 
may  be  accomplished  by  the  taste  of  the  printer.  Both  are 
proofs,  from  each  plate,  printed  one  after  the  other,  with 
the  same  colour  and  upon  the  same  pajicr. 

[It  may  not  be  generally  kno^^-n  that  in  the  production 
of  works  in  which  wood-cut  blo<ks  are  used,  or  in  that  of 
■teel-plate  engrsTings,  much  of  the  effect  of  the  impression 
is  due  to  the  taste,  or  rather  to  the  discretion  of  the 


printer.  The  preparation  of  a  fine  wood-ciit  block  or  steel 
plate  for  printing,  so  as  to  produce  the  real  effbct  of  which 
it  is  capable,  is  often  extremely  tedious  and  difficulty  and 
requh«B  much  practical  skill. — R.  £.] 

74  Fbirdbioh,  J.  H.,  Darmstadt — Carrer. 
Cairings  in  iTory  and  staghom.    lyory  goblet ;  sugar 

dish  of  cocoa-nut;  paper-kniTes i  cigar  mouth-pieces; 
brooches ;  napkin  rings ;  hand  candlesticks ;  inkstands ; 
watchstands ;  crucifixes ;  walking-stick  heads ;  riding- 
whips  ;  powder-horns,  tablets,  Ac. 

75  Hetl,  C.  W.,  Darmstadt — Carrer. 
Cairings  in  vvotj.    The  principal  article  a  colossal 

goblet,  composed  of'^three  principal  portions,  stand,  body, 
and  coTcr.  The  principal  part,  or  body,  represents  in  alto 
relief  the  battle  fought  by  Herman  (i^ter  a  drawing  by 
Lindenschmitt,  in  the  possession  of  H.B.H.  the  Ghrand 
Duke  of  Baden).  The  body  is  supported  by  the  figures  of 
eight  German  emperors  (taken  from  the  portraits  of  the 
emperors  in  the  Koemer  at  Frankfort).  The  corer,  in  the 
shape  of  a  cupola,  is  surmounted  by  the  figure  of  Cknnania, 
resting  her  right  hand  upon  a  shield,  and  her  left  upon  a 
sword.  The  whole  of  the  minor  ornaments  are  in  the  old 
Gferman  style. 

This  goblet  is  represented  in  the  accompanying  Plate. 

The  other  specimens  consist  of  iTory  earrings,  for  needle 
and  ball  books;  paper-weights;  smm-boxes;  bracelets; 
paper-kniTCS ;  brooches;  h^tds  for  walking-sticks;  riding- 
whips. 

77  ScHBODEB,  J.,  Darmstadi — ^ManufifKHiirar. 
Models  for  the  elucidation  of  desoriptiTe  geometry, 

and  for  the  construction  of  the  cnnres  lor  the  teeth  of 
wheels.  Model  of  ioinings  in  wood  and  of  roof  joininffs. 
Patterns  of  roof  and  other  mouldings.  Models  of  dysttQa, 
according  to  Dr.  Kopp.  Model  of  a  window  frame ;  spiral 
staircase ;  sereral  ontwing  instruments ;  rules,  squares, 
and  curves.  

78  Zabebn,  Thkodob,  Mentz — Printer. 
ScTcral  specimens    of   typography,  executed    by  the 

printing  press,  the  application  of  which  to  such  com- 
phcated  work  is  claimed  as  new. 

79  DOiOiiCH,  P.,  Mentz — ManufiEM^turer. 
Patterns  of  scTcral  articles  manufactured  of  fur  and 

seal  skins  used  for  clothing. 


80  Babon  Kleiw,  Mentz — luTcntor. 

Choregraphical  apparatus  for  measuring  heights. 


81  Stein  &  Schboedeb,  Mentz — Producers. 
Sereral  specimens  of  hops. 

82  Dael,  G-.,  Mayence — Manufactiu-er. 
Samples  of  Rhenish  wine  of  Tarious  qiiaUt  ics. 

83  Mettebnich,  C.  A.  de,  Mayence — Manufacturer. 
Samples   of  pine-apple  arrack,   or  essence  of  punch. 

Cognac  brandy,  and  May  wine  syrup. 

84  SiCHEL,  M.,  Mayence — Manuflacturor. 
Samples  of  cherry  brandy  and  Cognac  brandy. 

85  BiKOMAN,  F.,  k  Co.,  Offenbach — Manufacturers. 
Various  specimens  of  canTas. 

80         Kleiw,  jun.,  RiBSSEB,  k  Co.,  Offenbach— 

Manufacturers. 

Sereral  specimens  of  portfoUos. 


The  producticois  of  six  exhilritors  are  combined  in  this  collection.  The  arUcIea  thus  included  comprise 
specimens  of  cloth,  paper-liaDgings,  leather  in  the  fonn  of  boots,  shoes,  gloves,  ftc.  Mineral  manulikcture  ftnd 
hardware.  Attention  ia  claimed  unong  these  by  the  specimens  of  mosaic  pavement  made  nith  small  tnicks  of 
different  colonra ;  this  kind  of  pavement  bdng  in  extensive  use  in  several  places  on  the  Continent. — R.  £. 


1  OoDSCHAinc  Bbothkbb,  fibUs^fiU,  • 
Specimens  of  bnrh'fci"*  and  lunu  doth. 

2  IiAXOBT,  JaCQUBS,  iMxemlmrg — Hanu&ctureT. 
t  pHier-hangings,  variously  oolom«d 
dembowed. 


3        WimOB,  F.,  Laatitiwrff — Hanu&ctureT. 
Hnntiag  boot*.    Shoes  and  boots,  vitfa  aingle  and  double 


t    L'TTfioii  (Di)  QitXTKsa  FKAKfAUn,  Zn^emiwy— 
Kid  and  lambaUn  gloves,   forladies  and  gentlransn. 


S  Mbtz,  a.,  a  Co.,  Eidt,  %tar  iMxenAmy. 

Oast-iron  stove  j    Oerman  eagU^  as  on  the  fori 
Luxemburg. 

Cog-wheels  for  n: 


Th>  moat  ralnable  and  intereBtin^  Bcriee  in  this  collection  to  tho  (ceolon^iBt  and  metal  mannfaeturer  !■  the  vny 
complete  groap  of  ores  and  niincraU  exhibited  by  the  Government  Hiciii);  Enpneere.  The  spedtnena  of 
baaatiiie,  of  nickel  ore,  of  copper  and  of  mangaDese  ore,  are  particularly  deserving  of  notice,  together  with  the 
infonnation  given  ae  to  their  locality  and  production.  Specimena  of  clay  are  exhibited  also.  These,  with 
aome  sampteg  of  ultramarine,  some  migcellaneouB  articles,  and  manufactures  in  ivory,  complete  the  number. 
The  exhibitors  amouot  to  thirteen :  under  the  first  numeral,  however,  a  considerable  number  muat  be 
iuctoded.— B.  E. 


1    Tbb  OOTKBtnoKT  Ehoinxbbs  of  Hikes — in  (he 

tuate  ofllm  muiitg  Proprittort. 

Qtcj  copper  ore  (Fablen),  containing  from  4  to  16 
omice*  of  nlver  in  the  cwt. 

[The  grey  copper  ore  is  found  united  irith  lead  ore  in 
greater  or  l«u  quantity,  on  which  portly  depends  tho 
quantity  of  eilTer  contsincd  in  (lie  smelted  le«d.J 

f  prinmi^ii  of  lad  ore ;  sulplmrEt  of  lead,  containing 


[The  mines  of  lead  ore  in  Nassau  are  in  general  of  old 
dslr,  but  many  veins  have  yet  to  be  tried,  or  to  be  opened 
lo  ■  greater  depth."] 

Carbonate  of  lead,  the  result  of  oxidation  in  tho  upper 
and  middle  parti  of  the  veins,  containing  siJphuret 
of  lew!.  The  luanlity  of  ailvcr  in  this  carbimato  of  lead 
it  ineontidemble.    The  mines  ere  near  Oborlahnstcin 


ind  V.mi 

Phosphate  of  lead,  found  i 


of  Ind. 


arksble   for  it!  crjutallilBtil 


n  with  carbonate 
ti  the 


Sin-eiiiieiiB  of  copper  ore;  from  Dillenbiirg,  copper 
[■yritcn,  corlaiiiiiiK  30  per  a-nt.  of  i-op[ier, 

[Tlie  eopper  of  Nassau  is  of  the  be«t  quality,  but  tho 
quantity  produoil  is,  at  prcsriil,  small.  Engines  for 
dmininc  the  clivjxT  mines  are  about  being  erected.] 

SpiviinfU  of  Kii]>fiTiiidiK  ('id]>lmn't  of  co|)pcr,  einitain- 
ing  i'fi  per  i-eiit.  i)frti]>|«T)  ;  fiumcl  aisoeiattil  with  ei>pper 
pyrites.  Fi-rruginoiin  n-d  oxide  of  ei)pper  with  malaeliite 
(icrrt^  i-arlioiMiIe  of  (-i>|,|ier) ;  the  proclure  of  uiidaliim  in 
ibe  up|vr  part  of  the  eop|tcr  vi'itls. 

Zm.-  ure,  «/p*.rv-f  ./  ;■»■.  Tliis  or.'  fill,  psrt  of  tho 
\e»A  Trins,  and  has  berii  usni  of  lalo  joan*  fiir  prodiieing 


tallie 
Man 


f.  P.' 


roliL 


me laiii',  prroxidt  of  iHang 

[The  mine- 
"bieflv  willuT 


e  (the  «r,-al«(  1 


The  quantity  raised  every  year  is  above  20,000  tona 
English,  and  Iheoreisexported  to  all  quarters  of  the  world. 
1,200  persons  are  employed  in  the  mines  and  washing- 
mills.  Uanganeae  ore  is  need  for  extraotbig  cbloriua 
in  the  manufiicture  of  soda  from  comnton  nit  j  ftjrglaiing 
in  potteries  ;  for  whitening  gloss,  &c.] 

Specimens  of  iron  ores,  rvd  luemotile,  red  oxide  of  iron. 

[The  red  luemalito  is  raised  in  numerous  mines,  in  very 
great  quantity :  it  yields  iron  of  superior  qiudity,  in  the 
fumaees  of  Nassau,  worked  with  charcoal.  This  iron  ore 
is  also  exported  to  tho  coal  districts  of  Oermany  and  to 
France,  forthepurpoBoof  improving  iron.  From  1,600.0(X) 
to  2,000,000  cats,  of  iron  Ore  are  raised  every  year,  of 
which  the  half  is  smelted  in  Nassau.  Part  of  the  iron  ore 
contains  calespar,  and  is  used  in  tbat  stale  as  (he  b«t 
admixture  for  smelting.  Magnetic  iron  ore,  oxydulated 
iron.  This  on-  is  found  iiniti-d  with  red  luematile.  Ily- 
lirousoiidoof  iron,bronn  lucmatito — itiLnatidtrilr.  This 
ore  i"  found  in  Nassau  in  great  quantities :  it  is  chiolly 
workeil  for  ciportalion,  and  is  used  especially  for  pro- 
ducing hard  rieel.  Spetliose  iron ;  from  Ifaohenburg. 
There  arc  only  a  few  mines  of  spathose  iron  in  Nassau, 
near  the  PnniiiBn  eoimlry  of  Sicgen  ;  the  OTV,  and  the  steel 
produced  frorn  it,  arc  much  esteemed.] 

SperimenB  of  bituminous  coal  or  lignite— of  remarkable 
wood-like  character,  covering  a  space  of  ahciul  lOtI  Knglisli 
Npure  miles;  used  in  Kas.<au  aiul  the  noiglibouring 
oounlrii-s  as  tlie  principal  hou,whold  fuel.  For  lechninil 
pur|«»e»  the  lif.mitc  L"  vahisblo.  At  pn-scnt  the  ycariv 
pmducc  amounts  to  1.2<10.(KX>  exlx.,  but  tite  quantity 
which  can  ho  raiseil  is  incalcuUhle. 

Slate.  The  mines  of  slalcs  in  Navsau  near  the  Rhine 
and  Lahn  an-  of  goo<l  qunlitj. 

lli-BVj  sjiar,  nlj-hale  ofbaiylrt. 

[This  ■(mrwos  fonnrrh  not  worlied  in  groat  iiuanlitics, 
hut  new  (ii-«flrerie»  of  ricli  vein*  promise  a  considerable 


TV.D  CkT^UXlTT^] 


i  M 


1132 


NASSAU. 


produce.  The  heavy  spar  is  used  as  the  basis  for  many 
sorts  of  colours,  in  order  to  give  them  more  body.  White 
lead  is  very  commonly  adulterated  with  heavy  spar.  It  is 
also  used  in  potteries  for  glazing  and  mixing  with  day.] 

Fuller's  earth.  In  some  parfs  of  the  country  deposits 
of  this  substance  have  been  worked  for  a  long  period. 
Extensive  deposits  have  been  recently  found  in  other 
districts. 

Specimens  of  potter's  day,  and  coloured  earth ;  ochre. 

[Nassau  is  very  rich  in  potter's  clay,  of  the  best  quality; 
it  is  partly  exported  in  a  raw  state  under  the  name  of 
Talendar  clay.  The  manufacture  of  earthenware  in  Nassau 
is  susceptible  of  greater  development;  a  great  drawback 
hitherto  having  been  the  cost  of  fuel.  These  clays  are 
manu£M!tured  into  stone-ware  cruets,  pots,  cans,  jugs,  and 
hydraulic  pipes  of  great  sohdity.  There  are  also  some 
manufactories  of  porcelain  and  fine  pottery  ware,  clay 
tobacco  pipes,  and  common  earthenware] 

Samples  of  stone-ware,  to  show  its  mass.  This  stone- 
ware is  extremely  cheap,  and  is  exported  in  great  quantities. 

[The  duchy  of  Nassau,  though  of  small  extent,  is  sin- 
gularly rich  in  mineral  produce,  and  the  variety  is  perhaps 
more  remarkable  than  the  actual  quantity  of  such  riches. 
A  large  part  of  the  country  is  covered  with  basalt,  but 
beneath  and  amongst  this  are  schists  abounding  with 
amaU  mineral  veins,  and  alternating  with  altered  lime- 
stones and  marble.  Mines  have  been  worked  extensively 
in  the  upper  part  of  the  valley  of  the  Lahn,  where  the  prin- 
dpal  mineral  produce  is  rich  copper  ore.  A  little  to  the 
west  are  masses  of  iron  ore,  amongst  which  the  atahUteiny 
or  sparry  carbonate,  is  the  most  remarkable.  There  are 
also  in  many  places  veins  of  rich  argentiferous  galena,  for- 
merly worked  to  much  greater  extent  than  at  the  present 
day.  Some  of  the  mines  also  contain  nickel,  cobalt,  zinc, 
and  manganese  in  considerable  quantities.  Dillenburg 
may  be  regarded  as  the  capital  of  the  mining  district  of 
Nassau. 

The  beds  of  lignite,  near  Hachenburg  and  elsewhere  in 
the  country,  are  very  thick,  and  contain  a  large  quantity 
of  material ;  but  hitherto  they  have  not  been  economiddly 
worked,  nor  has  the  lignite  been  used  to  any  extent  com- 
pared with  the  large  supply  that  exists. — D.  T.  A.] 

2  liOSSEN,  M.,  Iron  Foundry^  Michelbach — 

Proprietor. 
Iron.  Samples  of  pig,  cast,  and  bar  iron.  Gfrey  tender 
pig,  or  cast  iron,  with  specimens  of  slags  and  artificial 
plumbago.  White  hard  pi^r  and  cast  iron.  Plate  of  cast 
iron,  direct  from  the  high  ramaoe.  Samples  of  oast  iron 
bars,3  feet  long  and  1  inch  square,  broken  by  deflecting  them 
in  the  middle  to  the  extent  of  one  inch.  Samples  of  bar 
iron  firom  the  puddling  process,  once  refined.  The  bars 
rolled  and  bent,  in  right  angles,  and  perforated  by  ham- 
mering when  cold.  Samples  2^  inches  broad,  and  |-inch 
tiuck,  worked  on  edge  with  hammers  -of  IS  lb.  weight, 
without  showing  any  cracks.  Iron  bar,  bent  when  hot 
at  a  right  angle ;  the  one  end  forged  to  show  the  texture. 
Samples,  bent  to  breaking.  Iron  axle  (with  box  of  cast 
iron),  bent  cold.    

3  The  IsABSLLErHtrTTS  BiCELTXNGh  Works,  near 

Dillenzlmrg, 
Specimens  of  nickel  and  compositions  of  it. 

[Nickel  is  found  in  combination  with  sulphur,  and 
mixed  with  iron  and  copper  pyrites.  The  separation  of 
the  metal  is  now  performed,  not  by  smelting,  but  by  solu- 
tion in  adds.] 

Specimens  of  nickel,  in  cubes,  as  it  is  brought  to 
marxet,  containing  97*5  per  cent,  of  nickd,  '5  per  cent. 


of  copper,  '9  per  cent,  of  iron,  1*1  per  cent,  refuse  and 
loss.  Carman  silver,  bar,  polLshed  on  one  side  (the 
composition  being  8  copper,  3  nickel,  Z\  zinc);  and 
German  silver  plate,  polished  on  one  side  (composition, 
8  copper,  3  nickel,  6i  zinc). 

Combination  of  arsenic,  nickd,  and  copper  with  sul- 
phur and  a  small  portion  of  iron,  the  produce  of  the  smdt- 
ing  process. 

[In  the  mines  7,000  hands  are  occupied,  and  2,000  more 
at  the  smelting  works,  or,  in  all,  9,000.  The  population 
dependent  upon  the  mining  industry  is,  therefore,  equal 
to  45,000,  or  the  tenth  part  of  the  whole  population  of 

Nassau.] 

Specimens  of  clay  tobacco-pipes:  exhibited  for  the 
cheapness  of  produce,  and  to  show  the  quaUty  of  the 
pipe-clay.    Specimens  of  ochre  and  earth  colours. 

4  BosSLEB,  Fbedbbio  Von,  Weaterlurg. 

Coke  manufactured  from  bituminous  coaL 


5  The  Mabble  Manttfactobt  at  Diez, 
Specimens  of  manufiictured  marble,  including  vases, 

candlesticks,  snuff-boxes,  and  marble  columns. 

[The  marble  of  Nassau  forms  part  of  the  transition 
rocks  of  that  country.  This  marble,  of  different  tints — 
red,  black,  yellow  and  grey — ^is  worked  in  manufiictories 
and  single  workshops  in  the  country  near  Lahn.  Monu- 
ments, columns,  chimneys,  vases,  chimney-pieces,  &c.,  are 
made  of  it.  The  quality  of  the  marble  of  Nassau  is  not 
very  excellent,  as  the  fossiliferous  limestones  which  put  on 
that  character  are  rather  metamorphic  than  truly  ciystal- 
line.  They  are  thus  brittle,  much  veined,  and  of  irregular 
texture ;  but  many  of  them  are  very  beautiful  and  well 
adapted  for  ornamental  purposes.  The  specimens  exhi- 
bited are  for  the  most  part  small,  but  possess  some  in- 
terest.—D.T.  A.] 

6  Leichbb,  a.,  &  Co.,  Wiesbaden — Manufacturers. 
Samples  of  red  burnt  terra  cotta  clay. 

Artides  manu&ctured  of  the  clay*.  Columns  and  hang- 
ing flower-vases,  to  show  the  quaUty  of  the  material  and 
the  style  of  workmanship. 

7  KoEHB,  Fbiedbich,  Wieebaden — Manufiicturer. 
Samples  of  ultramarine,  iree  from  adulteration. 

Heceel,  T.  a.,  Biehrich — ^Manu&cturer. 
Clarionets,  in  A,  B,  and  C,  of  cocoa-nut  wood,  and  bas- 
soon, of  maple  wood  with  valves  of  Gherman  silver,  of  new 
and  improved  construction. 

9  WnroENDEB  Bbothebs,  Hoehr, 

Assortment  of  day  tobacco-pipes. 

10  MiTHLENBACH  &  TheWald,  Hoehr, 
An  assortment  of  day  tobacco-pipes. 

11  MoNTAG,  LuDWio,  Wiethaden — Ma&ttfiu3turer. 
Basket  of  black  bufiklo-horn,  inlaid  with  white  Bra- 
zilian horiK  

1 2  Beesten,  J.  VAN,  W%esh€tden — ^Artist. 
Models  of  fruits,  embossed  in  wax. 

13  Geismab,  Ludwio,  k  Ca,  Wiesbaden — 

Manufiujturers. 

Gun  press,  overlaid  with  staghom,  the  omamente  in 
ivory,  7  ft.  high,  4  fK  broad,  and  li  ft.  deep. 

Cup  in  ivory,  with  figures  in  alto  and  basso  rdicvo, 
su^ect  "  Christ  blessing  the  children." 

Brooches  in  ivory,  of  various  designs.  Braodets  in 
ivory,  of  seven  links,  representing  fibres  of  game. 

"Porte-monnaie ;"  paper-knives ;  letter-case,  and  letter- 
weights. 


NORTH  GERMANV. 


HAKOVER.— MECKLENBURG  STBELITZ. 
MECKLENBURG  SCHWERIN.— NDEEMDURG.— OLDENBDRGH. 


NoBTn  Abeab,  O.  H. 

F.  Staui 


5,  6Gi  I.  E5to57. 
r,  Eaq.,  14  Mark  Lane. 
Tna  proiluctiraia  of  tliia  kingdom  are  reprcscnied  by 
I«i  cxliibilom.  Tliey  coiiUiiii  acecimons  of  raw  matprial, 
k  few  mnniifactiircK,  and  ol'jucts  of  nrl.  ADion<:  tlic 
former  are  Kampli's  nf  aHjiIialtiim,  employed  to  a  large 
cxtfut  fi.r  imvonieiit :  an  cli-ctro-iiiaKnt'lic  lclegTa|ih, 
to  Iherp'^isitpriiiEKyHteiiiofrnifi.'ssor  Morse  of  Auipriea, 
in  aliio  exliiliiloil,  witli  some  impnivemeiiln  and  addi- 
tions of  the  pxhibitnr'!!.  A  brouKP  lustre  fur  sixty 
caiiHIeo,  and  busU  in  the  Baniu  mt'Ial,  represent  the 
Fine  ArlH'  Claax.  and  specimens  of  linen  and  lealher 
the  tvxlilc  man II fact  11  re,  and  that  of  llie  prei^aration  of 
■kins.  Ac— It.  E. 


1  nENM>o.  Limmrr.  »far  lla„c 

Speeimeni    of    aiipliBltiii 


-Raw    ■uph&ltum     atone; 

•■■"■  •"  okcsi  BipWtuin 
'nts;  pavement «  of 


uphaltum  cartb  ; ..^j u. 

prepared  for  eorcriiiK  roofK  and  |>n' 
■tamped  ■xphaltuDi  I'arth. 


2  nosTUANS,  C,  Crile. 

Ink  for  tjpojrrapliic  onil   lithographic  printing,  with 
■pnTimcn*  of  toot  and  budcti  od,  tagethcr  with  printed 


3  TAHtjBB,  C.  D.,  Manoeer. 

Brace  of  piBtols,  in  ease ;  gun  with  two  donUe  barrdt 


4  LoHSBPiMK,  W.  A.,  Manovtr. 

Anelectro-roagnetic  >pparatiu  for  telegraph*,  od  Hon^i 
■jstem,  together  with  ■  lubaidiaiy  appustiu  ("  Belaii"), 
and  a  paper  roller. 

[Horse's  ajatem  of  electro- tel^raphic  oommunioation  u 
a  Tarietf  of  the  regiatcring  tel^raph.  The  arraagemeiit 
indudea  the  following  fenturea ' — A  strip  of  paper  wai 
made  to  pass  alowlj  under  a  pencil,  in  cxjnnetrtion  with  an 
electro-magnet.  The  pencil  traced  a  straight  line  until 
the  magnet  was  thrown  into  action  by  an  elcctrie  thnrent 
through  the  wire.  Its  couTse  waa  then  slightly  altered, 
and  in  this  manner  a  aign  was  made  on  the  paper.     Such 


being  tlic  pnnciplt 
tion  to  the  purpose  of 
R.E.] 


easy  to  sec  il 


5         HlKSBN,  JonN  OoDFBBr.  Silde^eiiH. 
Piece  of  sail-elolh ;  piece  of  linen  (called  "  Frambinen"). 


6         ScnVLTZB,  Daniel,  Bodenteick,  Lvneburgh. 
Various  samples  of  linen  ;  some  of  raw  or  unbleached 
linen  ;  and  some  of  linen  yam  and  flax. 


7  Waoneb.  CHiBLEa  AcoraTirB,  Ilanorfr. 
A  hat,  with  a  felt  body,  covered  with  ptusb  ;  another, 
the  body  of  collon  cloth,  covered  with  plush  j  anolher 
liat.  also  covered  with  felt.  Tliesc  bata  am  made  upon  a 
new  principle,  which,  besides  improving  llio  ihapc,  enables 
thcin  l«  be  made  eieocdingly  light. 


8  BlBwaTOHrT  L  ElcitwEDB,  ffanocer. 

Odt  bronte  lustre  for  siity  candles. 
Bust  in  bronie,  of  His  Majesty  llie  King  of  Hanover. 
Small  bronze  statue  roprcsentiiig  the  psinler  Holbein. 


Specimen  of  paper-hanging. 


Tlirco  calf-akins,  dre»scd. 


1134 


MECKLENBURG  STRELITZ.— MECKLENBURG  SCHWEBIN. 


NoBTH  Abbas,  G.  H.  65,  66 ;  I.  66. 

Commissioner  in  London^  Db.  Yon  Yiebahn,  43  Albion 

Streetf  Hyde  Park, 

FoxTB  exhibitors  from  this  State  appear  by  their  pro- 
ducts. Among  the  articles  shown  are  some  adapted 
to  the  purpose  of  warming  and  ventilation.  A  speci- 
men of  ornamental  work  applied  to  an  object  of  once 
universal  employment — a  spinning-wheel — is  also  ex- 
hibited. In  addition  is  a  new  extract  from  madder 
applicable  to  the  purposes  of  the  dyer  and  calico- 
printer, — R.  E.   

1  Benboeb,  "Welhelm,  Neustrelitz — Manofaotorer. 
Portable  apparatus  of  tin-plate  generating  steam.   Brass 

stoves  for  heating  rooms  by  steam. 

2  Laitgb,  Cabl,  Neustrelitz — Mann&cturer. 
Air-tight  door  to  a  stove  for  heating  rooms,  by  which 

smoke  is  entirely  prevented  and  fuel  economised. 

Drawing  of  a  stove,  constructed  on  the  principle  of  the 
safety-lamp  of  Sir  Humphry  Davy. 

8        SOHABBNBEBa,  Adolv,  Neustrelitz — Inventor 

and  Manu£Etcturer. 

Finest  madder-extract  for  dyeing ;  produced  by  a  new 
method.  

4        GxjKDLACH,  Cabl,  Wesenherg — Manufacturer. 

Spinning-wheel,  with  inlaid  work,  consisting  of  450 
pieces. 


WE 


j>m 


^spe^ 


IN 


NoBTH  Abbas,  G.  H.  65,  66 ;  I.  66. 

Ageni  m  London,  M.  Piglhbim,  14  Tavistock  Street. 

The  contributions  of  this  State  include  several  of  prac- 
tical value.  The  distilling  apparatus  exhibited  forms 
an  appropriate  adjunct  to  the  excellent  collection  of 
charooal  of  different  kinds,  also  aliun.  ^e  latter 
product— of  which  the  production  in  our  own  country 
is  comparatively  trifling  and  unimportant — represents 
a  highly-interesting  department  of  industry  carried  on 
to  a  most  important  extent  in  many  continental 
States,  where  charcoal  forms  the  principal  fuel  em- 
ployed for  domestic  and  for  manuiacturmg  purposes. 
In  its  preparation  other  products  are  obtaine<(  such  as 
tar,  and  impure  acetic  acids.  The  application  of  the 
latter  to  the  above,  and  in  combination,  in  the  form 
of  a  salt  of  iron,  is  illustrated  by  one  of  these  exhi- 
bitors. Specimens  of  the  gunsmiths'  art,  of  cutlery, 
of  carving,  and  of  textile  products,  complete  the  list  of 
these  articles. — R.  E. 


1  Stolzbnbkbo,  J.,  Genoyen. 

Apparatus  for  distillation. 


2  Schmidt,  J.,  OUetrou?. 

Three  guns. 


3  Gbbbbb,  C.  H.  a.,  Q'ustrow. 

Two  table-cloths. 


5  Meyitb,  J.,  Schwerin. 

Soup-tureen  of  Gkrman  silver. 


G  Mbteb,  W.,  Wamemunde — Proprietor.  • 

Charcoal  of  different  quaUties  of  wood  for  brass,  iron, 
and  copper  foundries,  and  other  mechanical  purposes. 

Charcoal  prepared  for  the  use  of  distillers  and  rectifiers. 

Charcoal  of  soft  wood,  pulverised  and  manufactured  for 
manure. 

Cinders  of  wood  of  ready  inflammablLity. 

Boasted  beech-wood,  for  housekeepers*  use. 

Boasted  pine- wood,  for  the  use  of  steamboats  and  rail- 
roads. It  lights  quick,  and  generates  steam  in  a  very 
short  time. 

Peat  charcoal,  in  large  pieces,  for  all  technical  pur- 
poses, and  where  an  intense  and  lasting  heat  is  required. 
Manufactured  in  ovens  of  the  exhibitor's  invention. 

Peat  charcoal,  prepared  for  distillers  and  rectifiers. 

Peat  charcoal,  pulverised  when  dry,  for  the  use  of 
manure  and  as  a  fertiliser. 

Prepared  peat  charcoal  manure.  The  best  quality  of 
peat  charcoal,  pulverised  in  its  dry  state,  is  mixed  with 
other  liquid  manures,  containing  gaseous  matters,  such  as 
ammoniacal  vapours,  &c. 

Pyroligneous  add,  prepared  for  the  purpose  of  pre- 
servmg  mdes,  furs,  saiMoth,  ropes,  hemp,  &c. 

Pyroligneous  acetate  of  iron  lor  preserving  timber  while 
actually  growing,  by  impregnation. 

Preserved  timber  firom  trees,  to  which  a  solution  of  the 
acetate  of  iron  vras  apphed  while  in  actual  process  of 
growth.    A  bedstead  polished. 

A  bedstead  impolisned. 

Timber  preserved  by  bmshing  with,  or  steeping  in,  this 
acetate  of  iron. 

Saw-dust  prepared  with  pyroligneous  acid  for  the  pre- 
servation of  smoked  hams,  sausages,  or  other  meat  sent  to 
a  tropical  clime. 

Hides  preserved  with  pyroligneous  acid,  and  not  tanned. 

Hides  preserved  with  pyr^eous  add,  and  hereafter 
tanned. 

Wood  for  common  lucifer  matches. 

Wood  "percussion  needles."  Matches  manufactured 
by  a  machine  invented  by  the  exhibitor. 

[It  is  a  well-known  fact  that  the  destructive  distillation 
of  wood  in  iron  retorts  yields  an  add  product  which  is 
largely  used  in  the  arts,  in  chemistry,  and  in  medicine. 
The  name  of  this  product,  pyroligneous  add,  indicates  its 
origin.  It  is  an  impure  acetic  add,  containing  generally 
a  strong  impregnation  of  the  empyreumatic  volatile  adds 
of  the  wood.  To  these  in  part  are  due  its  preventive 
effects  upon  organic  substances.  But  acetic'  add  alone  is, 
as  is  well  known,  a  powerful  antiseptic.  The  application 
of  a  solution  of  impure  acetate  of  iron  to  the  preservation 
of  timber  while  yet  standing  in  the  forest  is  interesting. 
— B.  E.] 


8  Bbab,  H.,  Eostock — Manufacturer. 

An  ornament  of  furniture,  carved  in  lime-tree  wood,  in 
a  fimoy  style,  called  by  the  French  "  baroque.** 


9         Bahbt,  H.  Schwerin  (City) — Manufacturer. 
Seven  concave  razors,  damasked. 


10   Ybbbbb,  C.  OiUstrow,  Meeklenbury---Muiu&cinrer. 

Two  half  silk-damask  table-doths,  embroidered,  the  one 
with  the  arms  of  England,  the  othcar  with  those  of  Meck- 
lenburg. 


NUBEMBUBG.— OLDENBUBQH. 


Tm 


inly  exhibitor  from  this  country  bas  sent  two 

ation.     Of 

V  ductility 


•pedmeDS  of  skill  in  metallurgical  manipulati 
Iheae,  tb«  first  illustrates  the  cxtrnordinarv  A 

I  management,  the  other  that  of 


i,  tb«  first  illustrates  the  cxtrnordinai 
of  bnaa,  under  ,    . 

iiOQ.    The  fine  wire  thus  produced  ia  appllcahli 
the  manufacture  of  wire  ^uzes,  that  of  iron  being 
uaed  for  the  miner's  (Davy)  Bafety-Iamp. 


-R.  E. 


PocEf,  KuCDB,  AWrwtiurj^Manufachirer. 
Om  pound  ertra  flno  hnu  wire,  drawn  to  the  length  of 

Om  pound  of  extra  Hub  iion-wu*,  tor  muung-lBnt«nu, 
drawn  to  the  Inigth  of  41,000  feet. 


NoBTH  AsB^,  a.  H.  65,  ee  I  l  ss. 

Agent  in  London,  M.  Piolhsih,  14  T»BUtock  Strttt. 
TuBEE  exhibitors  represent  Oldonbui^  in  the  Exhi- 
bition.    Their  prwluctions  are  flax  yam,  prepared 
quilla,  and  a  model  of  the  famous  Castle  of  Heidelberg. 
ITie  latter  is  made  to  a  scale.— R.  B. 


1  CiSSBBonM,  T.  H.  OWenAxryA. 

A  model  of  Heidelberg  caetle,  carred  in  corkwood,  in 
exact  proportion  to  its  eizo  on  the  scale  of  ^. 

2  BBAMi.AaE,  A.  Lakne. 
An  usortment  of  manufactured  quills. 

3  SlUBKHOBBT,  C.  Oldenburgh. 
Flax  tlit«ad,  spun  bj  the  hand. 


fnniitaie,  also,  this  collection  is  well  sapplied,  a 
number  of  articles  in  rosewood  and  ebony  exhibiting 
the  pecoUar  style  of  the  Hamburgh  makeiB.  In  the 
fine  arte  are  several  flnely-(»rved  ivory  and  giasa 
goblets,  and  some  good  Hpecimena  of  carving  in  wood. 
Among  miscellaneouB  object*  atUntion  will  be  drawn 
to  a  display  of  fifteen  hundred  walking-sticks,  impo- 
singly arranged. — R.  E. 

Mmx,  T.  W.— Produoor, 


HoBTB  Ajoib,  G.  H.  65,  66;  L.  66. 
.  r  tit  Londoa,  C.  Nobaok,  Eiq^  SO  ^^ring 
Oardtiu;  J^ent,  M.  Fislkeiii;  lit  Tavutotk  Street. 
Thb  number  of  exhibitors  representing  this  State  is 
about  one  hundred  and  twenty,  and  objects  in  a  variety 
of  classes  are  sent  for  eihibiticn.  Among  the  raw 
materiHls  ore  some  specimena  of  manganese  ore,  sugar, 
starches,  &c. ;  but  these  are  few,  and  compBrativety 
less  interesting  than  the  articles  found  in  other 
Classes.  Several  muncal  instruments,  a  loee-engine 
lathe,  clocks,  &c.,  deserve  attention.  Some  examples 
of  embrddeiy  and  textile  fabrics  are  also  exhibited. 
In  the  manufactiire  of  lacquered  wares  and  iron-work 
the  artificers  of  this  State  have  enjoyed  much  celebrity, 
and  sevetal  manufacturers  of  such  articles  have  sent 
qtedmens  of  their  workmanship  for  exhibition.    In 


2  HiLDEBBAxn,  C.  Q. — PrmIocv. 

GlsBers'  writing  diammd*. 


3  BsBSSnro,  H.  B.— Fiodnoer. 

Bam^N  of  refined  nigar  and  iDgai-^andy. 


5    P*TM»oit,JOHir— ProduoBT.   (A^entjT.Fetason, 
Water  I«ne.) 
Oil-cakei. 


7  Cboissast  &  LirsMSimt— ProdDoen. 

Phaeton,  made  of  rose-wood,  with  earvingi,  bronia 


8  FuDaicRsnr,  K.  A,— Producer. 

One,  thnc^  and  two-*h«BTed  blocks  for  ihipa. 


BiTn,  T.  C.  &  Sos,  CWAaafK—Prodnoen. 


HAMBURGH. 


1137 


10  NiEBKBO,  J.  L. — ^Producers. 
Constant  pendulum  clock.    Patented  bj  Dr.  Moenck. 

11  BbScking,  W. — Producer. 
Electro-maenetical  pendulum  dock;   clock  with  half- 

second  pendulum. 

[The  application  of  the  electric  principle  to  clock-work 
is  bj  no  means  recent.  Next  to  the  inyention  of  the 
electric  and  magnetic  telegraphs,  it  may  be  regarded  as 
one  of  the  most  successful  apphcations  of  this  subtle 
agencj  to  practical  purposes.  The  attractire  force  of 
powerful  magnets,  so  rendered  by  induction,  through  the 
instrumentality  of  coils  of  copper  wire  around  pieces  of 
soft  iron,  is  the  agency  employed  to  set  the  train  of  wheels 
in  moTement.  Such  clocks,  when  well  made,  exhibit 
great  constancy  and  regularity  of  movement,  and  several 
large  specimens  are  in  the  Exhibition. — B.  £.] 

12  BADfOASDTSN  &  Heinb — Producers. 
Horizontal  pianoforte. 

13  ScHBODEB,  C.  H. — ^Producer. 
Horizontal  pianoforte. 

14  Rinocfl,  n. — Producer. 
Upright  pianoforte  (piccolo). 

15  Cellieb,  F.,  &  Son. — Producers. 
Yioloncello.        

16  De  Rode,  F.— Producer. 

Pair  of  kettle-drums,  with  newly-invented  mechanism. 

17  KoHN,  M.  A. — Producer. 
A  rose-engine  lathe. 

[The  form  of  lathe  which  is  called  a  rose-engine  is  one 
of  great  ingenuity,  and,  when  skilfully  employed,  is  capable 
of  producing  the  most  beautiful  specimens  of  ornamental 
turning.  The  principle  is  extremely  simple ;  but  it  can 
scarcely  be  rendered  intelligible  in  the  absence  of  dia- 
grams, or  unless  on  inspection  of  the  machine  itself. 
Instead  of  the  ordinary  cylindrical  form  produced  by  the 
common  lathe,  the  rose-engine  produces,  among  other 
varieties,  cylinders  which,  on  section,  exhibit  an  indented 
outline,  resembUng  the  arrangement  of  the  petals  of  a 
rose. — R.  E.]        

18  Pepper,  Otto — Producer. 
Samples  of  curled  horse-hair. 

19  Wamost,  D. — Producer. 
Tarnished  calves*  skins,  and  other  leather. 


20  Keuqeb,  a. — Producer. 
Gentleman^s  riding-saddle. 

21  Gebbebs,  Ed. — Producer. 

Nautical  chart  on  varnished  linen  cloth.    Tarnished 
double  elephant  paper  for  drawing. 

22  M6LLEB,  C.  H.  A. — Producer. 
Three  ledgers. 

23  Lade,  Ed. — Producer. 

Samples  of  corahs;    designs  and   plates   for   corah- 
printing.  

24  Abnot  &  Bebend — Producers. 
Table-doth  printed  on  wool ;  piece  of  printed  woollen 

fiimituTe-clothl 

25  DissMAB  k  Habloff — Producers. 
Pieces  of  printed  and  painted  table-covers. 


26  Hbiseb,  F.  L.— Producer. 

Coloured  curtains. 


27  Mtjckenhehc  &  Alpebs — Producers. 

Two  window-blinds,  ornamented  with  a  medallion  and 
a  landscape. 

28  Tbbheim,  J. — Producer. 
Window-blind,  ornamented  with  a  landscape. 

29  WdtdmOllsb  Bbothebs  —  Producers.     (Agent, 

W.  Meyerstein,  16  Watling  Street.) 
Printed  moussehne-de-laine  cravats,  shawls,  &c. 

30  Ret,  a.  E.— Producer. 
Ladies*  robes,  embroidered. 


31 


SoHELLE,  J.  Q-. — Producer. 


Embroidery. 

32  Gebson,  Henbiette — ^Producer. 

A  darned  napkin,  and  a  piece  of  lace  also  darned. 

[The  exhibitor  has  cut  out  of  this  napkin  a  hole  of  some 
inches  square,  and  then  filled  up  the  hole  with  yam. 
This  lace,  in  which  10  holes  of  different  sizes  were  cut,  had 
been  sealed  in  its  defective  state  by  the  Committee,  and 
was  brought  back  by  the  exhibitor,  without  any  visible 
mark  of  darning.] 

33  GtoMPEBTZ,  B. — Producer. 
Hair-embroidered  pictures  of  Her  Majesty  Queen  Tie- 

toria  and  the  Prince  of  Wales,  and  of  the  Hambui^h  Ex- 
change.   

34  Cahew,  S.  J.— Producer. 

A  white  felt  saddle-cloth,  with  a  brown  beaver  border, 
and  the  arms  of  Hamburg  at  each  comer. 
A  silk  hat  and  a  beaver  hat. 


35  CuBJAB,  Th. — Producer. 

Lady's  beaver  bonnet  (drab).     Children's  kerseymere 
bonnet.     Beaver  hat.     Tarious  silk  hats. 


36  Sahlbebg,  C.  F.  G. — Producer. 

Gentlemen's  and  ladies'  boots  and  shoes. 


37  ScHOOST,  W.  C. — Producer. 

Gentlemen's  and  ladies'  boots  and  shoes. 


38  Maqdaxinski,  J. — Producer. 
Waterproof  shooting-boots  and  gentlemen's  dressing- 
boots.  

39  KiNOL,  A — Producer. 
Jockey-boots  and  gentlemen's  dressing-boots* 

40  Hexsel,  C.  J. — Producer. 
Ladies*  shoes. 

41  Kboll  &  Kopp,  F.  W. — Producers. 
Gimtleman's  laced  coat. 


42  CoHN,  L.  H. — Producer. 
Gentleman's  cap,  without  seam,  made  of  a  new  stuff. 

43  RiTTEB,  W. — Producer. 

Set  of  gimlets  and  set  of  augers,  on  improved  prin- 
ciples, for  metal  and  wood. 

44  HOnten,  J.  A  F. — Producer. 
Circular  saw  for  surgical  use. 

45  Bebens,  W. — Producer. 

Engraved  and  engine-turned  brass  plates  for  book- 
binders and  burnishers. 


HAMBURGH. 


16  BCBOhTZE,  F.— producer. 

EDgtaired  music  pUtea. 


48  SoHFiTz,  F.  J.— Producer. 
Bird-caget,  blue  lacquered,  brown  lacquered,  aad  breai. 

49  SCHTOTB  &  BOHBKAKH— Pfoducors. 

Tea  comforts  i  cofU-vaaeB,  ooal-bucket  and  zinc  bath ; 
abo  a  set  of  screw  clubs,  m^  bj  S.  Bochliti;  a  bathing- 
Tat,  spelt«r.pUl«diMide,lBCquered  outside,  made  bj  J.  A. 

50  BiCHTBB,  J.  M.  8.— Producer. 
Parrot's  cage  of  brws. 

51  Hbimb,  a.  T.— Producer. 
PaiTote'  and  birdi*  oagcft  of  bnue. 


63  KoBLAS,  G.^Produoer. 

Franm  for  daguaaeotj pe». 

[The  Tast  extension  of  the  beautiful  art  diacoTered  bj 
Daguerre  has  called  into  eiistenoe  «  number  of  trades 
of  more  or  leM  ooniequenoe.  Among  these  is  that  of  the 
maker  of  framoa  for  daguerreotypes.  These  fnmea  are 
often  made  of  very  simple  materials,  bat  are  occasionally 
of  a  more  costly  kind.  They  are  rendered  necessary,  in 
consequence  of  the  liability  to  injuiy  of  the  delicate  sor- 
bce  of  the  impresasd  plate,  eren  after  it  has  been  well 
gilded  by  the  usual  process.: — R.  E.] 


54  Bbahmbeld  4  Qutbc* — Producers. 

Silver  writing-stand. 

55  Mans,  Diedb. — Producer. 

Chimney-screen;  wine-cooleni  tea-ptatc;  night-lamp 
with  tvro  Hthophanic  plates.  A  parrot's  cage  of  brassi  a 
lacquered  tray,  ornamented  irith  a  picture. 

66  IIiLDKBBAMn,  C.  L. — Producer. 

Window-glass,  glass  letters,  and  a  bU«s  boi.  Diamonds 
and  planes  for  cutting  glass  and  mndow  glass,  glaziers' 
hammers. 


>8  Habba,  — ,  Producer. 

TarioUB  specimens  of  earthenware  potteries. 


60  BAMPENiiAaL,  H.  F.  C— Producer. 
Looking-glass  with  stsg-hom  frame. 

Various  specimens  of  stag-horn  (umiture.    These  a 
represented  in  the  illustrvtion  below. 

61  UrBBEMEB  &  PoHtB — Producers. 
Sob  looking-glass  in  rococo  style  frame. 

62  KoBtAit,  G.— Produocr. 

Three  looking-glassea.     A  window-blind,    omamcnb 
with  a  landscape. 

63  Bbubhiko,  C.  D.— Producer. 
Writing  bureau. 

64  Haqbn,  T.  F.— Producer. 


Ruipaidihl^But- 


HAMBURGH. 


1139 


65  Enoils,  H.  W.  M.— Producer. 

Sideboard  of  rosewood  ( Jacaranda),  omamentdd  with 
bronse,  and  carvings  in  ebony. 

[The  French  sometimes  give  the  name  Jacaranda  to 
rosewood,  under  the  idea  that  the  pLmt  called  Jacaranda 
hj  the  Brazilians  yields  it,  which  is  not  the  case.  The 
same  word  has  perhaps  been  the  origin  of  Palisander 
(Palixander)  badly  written. — J.  L.] 


66  Sewole,  J.  Q-. — Producer. 

Sideboard  of  rosewood,  inlaid,  and  ornamented  with 
looking-glasses,  marble  slabs,  and  carvings. 


67  Adekes,  J.  D. — Producer. 

Sideboard  of  rosewood,  inlaid  and  ornamented.    This 
sideboard  is  represented  in  the  accompanying  Plate,  208. 


68  Q-BSELLEB,  H. — Producer. 
Gentleman's  arm-chair  of  rosewood;  lady's  arm-chair  to 

correspond. 

69  Plambbck,  C.  F.  H. — ^Producer. 

Bound  sofift-tables,  with  inlaid  work,  representing  in  the 
centre  the  meeting  of  the  emperor  of  Glermany,  Charles  T., 
with  Francis  I.,  king  of  France.  The  border  represents 
Pope  Paul  III.  and  some  of  the  Famese  family,  to  which 
he  belonged. 

70  Rampekdahl,  H.  F.  C. — Producer. 

Writing  bureau,  inlaid  with  hart-horn  and  iyorr  work. 
This  bureau,  which  represents  a  peculiar  style  of  conti- 
nental ornamentation,  and  is  surmoimted  by  a  dock  of 
singular  design,  is  represented  in  the  aoyoining  Plate,  178. 


71  Faitlwasbbb,  0.  B. — Producer. 

Lady's  ebony  work-table,  inlaid  with  bronze  and  mar- 
quetene ;  sofa-table  with  inlaid  work ;  sundry  boxes. 


72 


K6HLEB,  J,  H. — Producer. 
Sofa-tables  of  rosewood,  with  inlaid  work. 


73  Bey,  H*r— Producer. 

Lady's  writing-table,  with  reading-desk,  inlaid  and  orna- 
mented with  gilt  metal.     A  chess-board  table. 

74  Loose,  C.  L. — Producer. 

Round  table,  with  inlaid  work ;  lady's  work-table,  with 
iulaid  work  ;  simdry  boxes,  with  inlaid  work. 

75  Loose,  J.  R. — Producer. 
Round  table,  sundry  boxes,  with  inlaid  work. 


7r> 


MuLLEB,  W.  O. — Producer. 
Rosewood  tables,  with  inlaid  work. 


77  EoFKE,  C.  J.  C. — Producer. 
Lady's  writing-table  in  rosewood. 

78  nEYMANN,  J.  D. — Producer. 
Rosewood  sofa  and  cliairs.     Rosewood  easy-chair. 


71>  Wbb>'BR  &  PiOLHEiN. — Producers. 

Table  with  inlaid  work  ;  sofa ;  rocking-chair ;  sylphe. 


H<>  Kkuoeb,  O.  n. — Producer. 

Basket-work  rocking-chair ;  ann-ehair,  &c. 


81  Mehnb,  Pn. — IVoducer. 

Lady's  rosewood  work-table,  ornamented  with  marque- 
terie  and  carvings  in  ebony. 


82  KoLL,  J.  N. — ^Prodooer. 

Rosewood  chain.    Side-table,  with  marble  slab. 


83  JAjmsK,  J.  C.  F.-r-Prodooer. 

Pattern  card  of  tumert'  work. 


84  EoxBBT,  J.  C.  H. — ^Producer. 

Pattern  cards,  with  different  objects  of  mother-of-pearl 
and  ivory  work ;  pipe-tubes. 

85  Umlauef,  Au&. — Producer. 
Pattern  card  of  tortoiseshell  combs. 


86 


Meyeb,  H.  C,  jun. — Producer. 


Large,  small,  and  square  pattern  cards,  containing : — 

1.  500  walking-sticks. 

2.  Samples  of  ivory,  whalebone,  ratans,  &c.,  cut  very 
fine. 

3.  Whips  and  rods. 

4.  A  glass  case  of  stick  buttons  and  carioaturea,  cut 
out  in  bone^  ivoxy,  &c. 

87  Habtob  k  Httbb. — Producers. 
Samples  of  sticka,  whips,  whalebone,  canes,  &c. 

88  AflPEBK,  W.  M.  v.— Producer. 
Lady's  box  (yelvet). 

89  WObkb,  H.^Produo0r. 

Tobacco  pipes  (Turkish  day).    Qenuine  meerschaums. 


90  OLBHA2tD6Eir,  F. — ^Producer. 
Artificial  flowers,  arranged  in  a  frame. 

91  LOwsxTTHAL  k  Co. — ^pToduoer. 
DoUa*  heads  (wax  and  papier-mach^. 

92  DoTJOLAB,  J.  S.— Producer. 
Samples  of  soap. 

93  Enoelhabd,  F, — ^Producer. 
Statue  of  Richard  Cceur  de  Leon  (bronze). 

94  Kleft,  Bb. — Producer. 

Marble  figure  of  the  Saviour,  in  relief;  two  greyhounds 
in  ivory. 

95  ScniLLEB,  J. — Producer. 

Girl,  with  a  bunch  of  grapes.     Model  of  Flora,  plaster 


96  Engelhabd,  W. — Producer. 

Relief  in  plaster,  illustrating  Northern  mythology ;  a 
series  of  designs :  model  of  the  Lorley. 


97  BoHM,  Aug. — Producer. 

Engraved  glass  goblet :  subject — Battle  of  Alexander 
against  Darius. 

[This  fragile  material  is  often  made  the  subject  of  a 
great  expenditure  of  taste  and  labour.  Hie  art  of  en- 
graving on  glass  has  in  a  particular  nuumer  been  practised 
with  great  success  by  continental  aKista,  and  the  specimen* 
frequently  exhibited  are  extremely  chaste  and  elegant. 
The  depth  of  the  cutting,  and  the  delicacy  of  the  outlines, 
require  a  wcU-anncalcd  and  a  very  pure  materiaL  Aa 
much  of  the  continental  glass  is  made  without  lead,  a 
peculiar  whiteness  of  tone  is  often  observed  in  the  engraved 
specimens. — R.  E.] 

98  Rampekdahl,  H.  F. — Producer. 
Engraved  ivory  goblet. 


HAMBDBan.— LUBECK. 


100  EflBiKO,  P.  TV.— Pujducer. 
Two  coloured  glus  trtaup«reiicie« ;  two  table  top*  of 

nurble  moaaio  ;  two  table  top*  Id  wood,  ezjIooHutio  work  i 
two  table  tope,  with  paintuigl,  flied  t^  ateam. 

101  COBHIBBB,  LUIW,— Pn>duDBP. 

Truupareat  bom  paintlnga. 

102  ScscBiKDS  t  Co. — Produoen. 

Huaio  of  tlie  Opera  "  Lichtemtein,"  bound  in  Tdret. 

103  KoanKs,  F.  J.— Produoor. 
A  dapierrao^pe  painting,  ooloured. 

[The  Dolouring  of  dagfuerreotjpe  paintdngg  is  eSbcted 
bjr  luing  a  delicate  bnuh,  and  applying  the  ooloor*  to  the 
■orface  of  the  lilrer  plate  in  a  itate  of  fine  powder.  The 
colours  are  not  generally  very  peimanent.  The  eflbct  of 
their  application  is  more  popularly  pleasing  than  that  of 
the  imooloured  pictures ;  but  the  ezijuiaite  gradation!  of 
light  and  shadow  obserrable  in  the  latter,  when  untouched 
by  human  art,  Tenders  the  appearance  of  paint  generally 
distaatefiii  to  the  doguerreo^pist  hiiii«^fi — B.  £.] 


104  SoEHiFM,  WM.— ProduOOT, 

AsauMge. 

105  Hbicb,  5«Wiii.— Producer. 

Two  gre«n  Orleaa  pettimate.    Samples  of  horn  and 
prepared  horse-hair. 

106  BiBTLKM,  J.  C.  M.— Produoer. 
Wood  earrings. 

107  ZraiB,  J.— Piodncer. 
Different  earrings  in  ivory. 

108  PaiLB  A  Ballesdob.— Producer. 
Mahogany  veneer  j    U  plates  of  veneer  cut  out  of  a 

3-inoh  piece. 

109  THlBLB,jun.— Producer. 
A  child'*  sob. 

110  Cusszn,  F.  F.— Producer. 


SzvEKHi,  B. — Produoer. 


119  Aftbl,  J.  C. — Producer. 

Ifeedlewo^  carpet,  and  bslla. 


BsiiiaAUEB,  C — Producer. 


123    HUTSIK-ElSEN,   A  Mbshiko  Wbabhiv-Fabbice, 
Ton  CiM,  Thikl,  Schledehai—Prodaiien. 
Three  iron  forms  for  sugar  reflnen.    Three  cooking- 


BuflB,  W.  H.— Producer. 


113  BoTB,  C.  T.— Produoer. 

flpmnttig.wli^  ■' 

114  HicoLCi,  C.  L.— Produoer. 
Three  Bibles — specimens  of  bookbinding. 


117  KAhlib,  A.— Producer. 

Lithographic  writings. 


If  OBIH  Abbu,  a.  H.  65, 66 ;  I.  66. 
Committiontr,  F.  BTAHUOSimiT,  Esq.  14  Marl  Lane. 
Fbok  Lubeck  eleven  exhihitora  have  sent  articles  for 
exhibition.  These  consist  chiefly  of  manufacturee,  with 
two  exceptions,  in  which  oil-c^ea  and  preserved  food 
have  been  forwarded.  The  preparation  of  tie  tatter 
articles  constitutes,  it  is  true,  a  msnuCacture  of  soma 
importance,  and  of  more  on  the  Continent  than  in  the 
United  Kingdom.  The  other  articles  comprise  guns, 
spedmens  of  leather,  embroidery,  and  fancy  articles. 
— E,  E. 

1  PiATSluir,  CoHKiS— Hanu&ctnrer. 
Specimens  of  oil-cakes. 

2  Oabbtiks,  Dasibl  EBimiOH — Manufacturer. 
Articles  of  preeerred  food-— asparagus ;  young  green 

pease  p  red  cabbage ;  French  beans ;  carrota  ;  soup  and 
bouillie !  mock-tvutle ;  roaited  kid  j  chicken,  with  craw- 
fish sauce  ;  eel  in  jeQly  ;  liver-sausage ;  duck-pie ;  hare- 
pie  ;  mushroomi  with  butter ;  juice  of  chtniea ;  milk 
with  sugar. 

3  BiEKsns,  Jonui  Chbibtuii — Manu&cturer. 
Skin  of  genuine  black  motooco  leather. 
Bpecimeaof  glue. 


5         FncHiB,  CiXL  AnevBT — Mun&chmr. 
Gniu ;  double-burelled  rifle,  irith  oaae  ;  ibwling-piece  ; 
■odride. 

7  Baci'swia,  Qiobq  Huiraica — UaaoIactuieT, 
Japanned  calTs  and  sbeep'a  skin. 

Peaks  of  lenther,  prmsed)  the  aame,  smooth,  with 
Fariaian  peak,  and  with  dcaigiu;  pasteboard  peaks 
polished,  and  vrith  designs. 

8  Spkobl,  Wileblm  Adton  Cabl,  &  Co. — 

Designers  and  Manuftctwen, 
KmbroidBiy,  on  lilk  canTsii,  intended  for  a  fire-screen. 
Smbrokdeiy  conunenoed,  to  shoir  the  process,  on  per- 
lt»«ted  oard-board,  intended  for  a  portfolio. 


ECK.  1141 

9  BtoUiX,  CasIt— Mann&cturer. 

Patterns  of  embroider;  conunenoed,  with  tlie  silk, 
wool,  pearls,  Ac.,  necessarj  for  its  completion ; — 

On  perforated  card-board — bottla-itand  ;  watoh-caM  j 
case  for  visitiiig-carda  ;  thermometer ;  portfolio  i  calen* 
dar :  stand  for  lamp ;  basket. 

On  cotton  canvas — cushion ;  on  ootton  canTas^-foot- 

On  silk  canvas — cushion. 

£mbroidor7 — a  Ore-screen  on  cotton  canvas. 

10 


NoBTB  Abiab,  F.  57,  G8 ;  O.  to  J.  58 )  Nosth-eist  Cbktku  Oaij.bbx,  O.  H.  I.  6». 
Sogal  Commmionm;  G.  OoOHsin,  E«q.,  V.S.A.,  ITbmm  Hotel,  StUMury  Sqium. 


The  prodnctjons  of  this  oountiy  compriee  objecU  representative  of  eveir  Class  of  the  Exhibition,  and  are  of 
a  valoable  and  attractive  cbaracter.  In  the  ClasBeB  of  Raw  Matenala  and  Produce  are  included  several  prepa- 
rationB  for  paints,  cements,  colours,  &c.  Agricultural  produce  and  articles  of  food,  particularly  a  large  pasty 
of  preservod  meats,  are  also  exhibited.  Some  of  tlie  chemical  substances  obtained  from  potato^tarch,  and  usod 
in  the  arts  and  comme  retail j,  are  likewise  represented.  Among  chemical  substances  of  another  kind,  interest 
will  be  excit«d  by  the  appearance  of  chrysammic  acid,  and  some  of  the  brilliant  dyes  obtained  by  its  use.  The 
textile  productions  of  the  Netherlands  are  represented  by  several  exhibitors  of  silk,  woollen — particularly 
blankets — and  linen.  Mineral  manufactures  and  hardware  have  also  their  representatives.  The  agricultural 
implements,  which  exhibit  peculiar  features  of  adaptation  to  the  continental  system,  deserve  notice.  An 
ingenious  niachinB  for  making  percuBsion-oapa,  completely  automatic,  and  producing  the  cap*  at  the  rain  of 
8,000  an  hour,  is  interesting.  A  large  sugar-cane  oroshing-mill  exhibits  some  peculiar,  and,  it  is  stated, 
improved  features  of  general  construction.  Among  philosophical  instniments  there  is  a  dynamometer  for 
ploughs.  Models  of  bridges  and  locomotive  apparatus,  and  some  models  of  cutters  and  boats,  illustrate  the 
Classes  to  which  they  belong.  Some  good  specimens  of  oryBtal  chandeliers  and  flower- vases  form  an  impo«ng 
feature  in  this  collection.  Articles  of  jewellery,  a  few  scnlptures,  and  books,  complete  this  ancdnct  sunuuary 
of  the  objects  contributed  from  the  Netherlands. — R.  R. 


1         Bleeebodi,  ProC  S.,  Zl«{/1,  and  Enthovib,  Lz., 

Hague   (Agent*,  Botboren  ft  Sons,  Moorgate 

Street,  London)— -Inventors. 

Patent  white  paints  from  oxide  of  linc,  of  difibrent 

qualities.      Yelloir  ohromate  of  ana.      Graen  oxide  of 

Kino.    Chloride  of  zinc. 

[The  deleteriouiinfluanceof  white  lead  upon  the  health 
of  the  workmen  employed,  both  in  its  use  and  in  it«  pro- 
ductLon,  has  led  to  the  aeareh  for  some  efficient  luhstitute 
for  it.  Carbonate  of  barytes  has  been  thus  ranployed ; 
and  oxide  of  sine  is  now  becoming  extenmrely  used  for  a 
similar  purpose.  The  latter  prepantion  gives  a  good 
body  to  paint,  and  is  almost  innocuoiu. — B.  E.] 


2    PoOBTtUX  i  Tisan,  SeMsdom— Manu&cturen. 
Sample  of  white  lead. 


3      Stritihqh  i  Co.,  Orwiiiigf — Uknubctnrers. 
Sample  of  white  lead. 


4      UuB,  HiHiiBiK,  Doont-Htff,  near  Amerfftmrt 
— Uanufooturer. 
Hydranlio  oement,  recently  introduced. 


Duub^  (Vim)  A  Vnwmvn, 


7       TtB,  Albi 

Psari  badsy,  d  ordinanr  and  fine  deacnptioas. 

Oroata,  dried  and  Aimigited  with  su^bur  brimstone, 
for  use  on  board  of  ships.    Oroata,  fine  tort. 

Starch,  ordinal^  s<»rt  (aTstallized).  Blue,  and  whito 
and  blue,  starch,  m  the  form  of  pipe*. 


Ooirar,  ABTomcs  Uabu, 


Collection  of  oil-seod  cakes,  for  nmnnrin^  Adds  nod 
for  feeding  cattle.  Cake  prcwed  from  the  nod  of  the 
CamtUiia  taUva, or  "gold  of  pleasoni."    Hemp-aeed  oake. 


THE  NETHERLANDS. 


114d 


9      I>1  Haak,  Ajlbt,  BaUerdam — Manufacturer. 
Sample  of  rape-seed.     Bape  oil,  the  first,  second,  and 
third  qualities.     It  is  said  that  the  third  quality  gires  a 
very  cbar  light  without  smoke. 

10      Detl  (Van  deb),  Lesndsbt,  &Soy,  Weesp 

— Manuiacturers. 

Patent  chocolate  powder. 


11       BoCEZK,  Clekbns,  Venlo,  near  SoUerdam — 

Manufacturer. 

Starch  (pipe  or  patent),  from  the  finest  wheat  flour. 
Starch,  mixed  with  fine  smalt. 


12  PBUrs,  C.  C,  Wormerveer — Manu&cturer. 
Starch,  known  in  Holland  under  the  name  of  Urling's 

patent  starch.     Beet  starch,  manufactured  in  the  old 
Dutch  mode. 

13  ScHOKETSLD  &  Westebbaak,  Chuda — 

Manufacturers. 

Products  from  potatoes,  &c. : — ^White  potato  meal  or 
fiuina.     Gbey  farina  for  feeding  cattle.    Potato  gum. 

Sago.  White,  yellow,  and  hrown  syrup.  Besidue  for 
feeding  cattle. 

[The  syrups  alluded  to  are  generally  made  from  potato 
starch  by  an  interesting  process  of  chemical  decomposition. 
They  are  employed  for  sweetening  beer  and  other  econo- 
mical  purposes. — B.  E.] 

14  VooBST  (Van),  Dibe,  &  Sox,  Zaandam — 

Man  n  facturers. 

Samples  of  Dutch  wheat  flour. 


]  5    TisssB,  NoLET,  k  Ck>.,  Schiedam — ^Manufacturers. 
Samples  of  potato  flour. 

1 6       Hetteldof,  n.,  Leeuwarden — Mannfacturar. 

Specimens  of  chicory. 

\  arious  articles  of  woollen  manufacture. 


1 7  Tisseb,  E.  E.,  Amersfoort — Manufacturer. 
Samples  of  yellow  wax. 

18  JoBBiTSMA,  Athan.,  Dokkum — Inventor. 
Veterinary  medicine  for  oxen,  horses,  and  other  cattle. 


19 


Jaxssen,  N.  H.  a.,  S.  Uerlogenbosch — 
Manufiicturer. 


Prcwrred  proTisions,  viz. : — 

A  large  partridge-pasty,  with  truffles  (called  bosh- 
panty),  containing  150  partridges,  and  of  the  weight  of 
about  250  lbs.  Tliis  pasty  has  been  made  upwards  of  a 
year,  and  its  quality  is  retained,  as  the  bottoms  of  the 
boxes  would  swell  in  case  of  putrefaction. 

Essence  of  ox,  veal,  and  chicken  broth. 

Four  tin  boxes,  the  contents  similar  to  those  of  the 
partridge- pa»ty. 

20  Smits,  PiKTEK,  L7r^cA<— Manufacturer. 

"  Polychromate,'*  or  "  clLrysammic  acid,"  a  new  dye, 
from  which  a  variety  of  other  colours  may  be  prepared. 

[Clirysammic  acid,  if  such  be  the  acid  here  alluded  tx5, 
has  been  knoin-n  hitherto  only  to  the  chemist  as  the  result 
of  the  action  of  nitric  acid  upon  powdered  aloes.  Ob- 
tained by  this  process,  chrysammic  acid  appears  in  golden 
crystals.  The  salts  of  compounds  of  this  acid  are  remark- 
able for  their  brilliancy  of  colour ;  but  their  application  in 
the  arts  is  perfectly  now. — B.  E.] 

Animal  charcoal,  in  powder.  Three  specimens  of  animal 
charcoal,  granulated. 


21        BooBsaAABSB,  Qebbit  Jak,  Zmtphen^ 

Manufacturer. 

Sole  leather,  from  Buenos  Ayres  aldns,  dressed  by  th« 
process  of  sweating,  and  curried. 

Glue,  made  from  the  residue  of  Bueaoa  Ayrw  akins. 


22        BuTTEWEO,  NicoLAAS,  Delfl — ManufiKJturer. 

Various  specimens  of  Holland  hides.    A  Buenos  Ayres 
hide.    A  sheep-skin,  dressed.    Samples  of  chamois  leatner, 


&c. 


23  KoK  AmoEBBXiT,  P.,  Apeldoom — Manufacturer. 

Morocco  leathers,  "  basils,"  and  "  splits,*'  in  different 
colours  and  states  of  finish. 
Calf*skins,  for  saddlers  and  bookbinders;  bark-tanned. 

24  HooPy  Vak  deb  Jacob,  k  Co.,  BotUrdam — 

Manufactiurers. 

Jaya  ratans,  deaned  and  prepared. 


25  Cbap  HsLLnroiCAir,  J.  L.,  Deis  Helder — ^Inventor. 
Mat,  made  of  dried  sea-grass  {ZoHera  marina)^  for  the 

use  of  florists  and  botanists.  Manufactured  at  an  insti- 
tution established  by  the  corporation  of  Den  Helder,  for 
the  employment  of  the  poor. 

[ZoHera  marina  is  a  native  plant  of  the  natural  order 
Zatieraee<By  or  sea-wracks.  It  is  collected  and  dried  for 
a  few  economical  purposes,  such  as  the  supply  of  a  mate- 
rial for  stuffing  cushions,  or  for  the  preparation  of  such 
rude  descriptions  of  matting  as  the  one  exhibited.  It  has 
some  medicinal  virtues  in  popular  estimation,  but  these 
are  of  questionable  existence. — ^B.  E.] 

26  Hooosv,  Van  dev  T.,  Dordreeki — Manufacturer. 
Patent  standing-ropes. 


27       Beeftingh  (Van),  N.,  &  Co.,  Kaiwyk,  near 
Leyden — Inventors  and  Manufactiuiers. 

Bope,  imtarrcd,  three-strand,  and  hawser  laid,  for  ships* 
rigging;  twisted  in  a  concentric  manner,  with  equal 
draught  of  the  yams,  by  patent  machinery  invented  by 
one  of  the  exhibitors.  By  this  process,  as  many  yam- 
conductors  and  tubes  are  made  use  of  as  there  are  layers 
of  yam  to  be  twisted  into  each  strand.  The  result  is, 
a  more  regular  position  of  the  yams,  in  concentric  layers, 
and  a  greater  equaUty  in  the  draught  of  the  yams,  each 
layer  of  yam  being  submitted  to  the  pressure  of  a  separate 
tube. 

[By  this  process,  the  rope,  in  proportion  to  its  size,  or 
the  number  of  yam  layers  of  which  it  is  composed,  not 
only  acquires  greater  strength,  but,  at  the  same  time,  with 
an  equal  number  of  threads  of  the  same  yam,  becomes 
lighter  and  of  less  circumference,  as  appears  from  a 
number  of  experiments  made  by  order  of  the  Dutch 
Government,  in  1845  and  1846.  These  experiments 
proved  that  a  7-inch  rope,  manufactured  by  this  process, 
possesses  an  advantage  of  5  per  cent,  in  weight  and  10  per 
cent,  in  strength.] 


28  Lafebbe,  Abbauam,  Gouda — Manufacturer. 
Curtain  cord.     Strong  twine  and  cord  for  fishing  pur- 
poses made  of  Dutch  shell  hemp.     A  drum  coi^  and 
forage  loop  of  Dutch  shell  hemp. 

29  Dibes,  n.  J.,  Dordrecht — Manufacturer. 
Brooms  and  brushes;  including  hair  brooms;  carpet 

brooms,  with  fine  short  hair ;  cobweb  brushes ;  dusters ; 
ships*  scrubbing  brushes ;  house  scrubbing  brushes ; 
carpet,  tar,  greasing,  and  painting  brushes. 


1144 


THE  NETHERLANDS. 


30  Catz  &  Co.,  P.  S.,  Anuterdam — ^ManufiicturerB, 
Specimen  of  horse  hair  (drawn),  for  violin  bows.    Other 

Bpecimens,  including  extremely  long,  for  weaying  cloth 
for  couches ;  ordinary  length,  tor  weaving  doth  for  seats 
and  benches ;  short,  for  weaving  sieve-doth,  used  also 
for  brushes ;  and  spun,  extremely  elastic. 

Specimens  of  ordinary  quality,  for  stuffing  chairs  and 
mattresses. 

[The  hair  of  the  horse  is  a  most  important  article  to  the 
inanufiBK^turer.  Two  kinds  are  recognised — curly  and 
sircUffhi, 

The  preparation  of  hair  for  the  manufacture  of  damask 
hair-doth  and  other  fabrics,  consistsessentially  in  steeping 
it  in  an  alkaline  liquid  until  it  is  fit  for  use.  It  is  subse- 
quently dyed.  When  of  the  desired  colour  and  supple- 
ness, it  is  woven  in  an  ordinary  loom,  and  hot-calendered. 
Hair-ropes  are  formed  as  other  ropes.  Hair  for  stuffing 
is  formed  of  the  requisite  elastidty  by  boiling  such  ropes 
so  as  to  give  to  their  fibres  a  permanent  tortuous  springy 
character. — R.  E.] 

31  Hase,  JoHAKiTBS  HuBBBTUS^  The  Bague — 

Manufacturer. 
A  doak,  muff,  and  ruffles,  made  from  the  feathers  of  the 
Colymbus  crygtatug. 
Muff,  made  from  the  feathers  of  the  marabou. 

[Much  value  is  attached  to  the  plumage  of  the  under- 
Burfffcce  of  the  great  crested  grebe,  a  large  water-bird 
distributed  throughout  the  greater  part  of  Europe,  espe- 
cially where  there  are  extensive  fens  and  lakes,  and 
extending  its  range  to  part«  of  Asia,  Africa,  and  North 
America.  It  is  a  swimmer,  rarely  flying  or  walking.  It 
is  the  Colymbus  crUtatu*  of  older,  Podicepa  cristatus  of 
later,  ornithologists.  Among  British  birds  it  is  the  largest 
of  our  divers.    The  skin  of  the  male  bird  is  most  valued. 

Marabou  feathers  are  the  under-tail  coverts  of  certain 
kinds  of  stork,  especially  dconia  argala  and  C.  nutrabou. 
They  inhabit  tropical  Asia  and  Africa.  The  adjutant,  or 
gigantic  crane  of  India,  is  one  of  them,  and  furnishes  the 
best  feathers.  The  Marabou  storks  are  scavengers ;  the 
Indian  species  stands  six  or  seven  feet  high. — E.  F.] 

32  Wabnab,  Willinck,  Amsterdam — 

Manufacturer. 
Wool  velvet,  in  different  colours,  for  furniture  and 
carriages ;  known  imder  the  name  of  "  Vdours  d' Utrecht." 

33  Ybeede,  Faulus  &  Henbbik,  k  Co.,  !PUbury 

— Manu&cturers. 

Twilled  cloth,  fine  blue,  called  duffle ;  baize,  fine  i«d 
madder ;  and  flat-baize. 

Fine  thin  doth,  deep  blue  and  black ;  also  blue  and 
red,  called  Spanish  stripes,  for  exportation  to  India. 

Flannel,  twilled  and  flat ;  superfine,  second  and  third 
qualities ;  and  fine  white  flannel,  called  white  dommets. 

34  Zaalbbbg,  Jan  Cobkelis,  &  Sov,  Leyden — 

Manufacturers. 
Blankets,  for  the  markets  of  Holland,  Belgium,  Java, 
China,  Japan,  and  France. 

35  ZuuBDEEG,  Jait,  &  SoN,  Leyden — ManufiMTturers. 
Blankets  of  fine  quality,  made  from  Dutch  wool,  and  of 

a  fast  colour ;  not  artificially  procured  by  sulphur. 


37        HoooEBOOM,  Jacobus   Johannes,  &  Son, 

Leyden — Manufacturers. 
Blankets  made  of  Dutch  wooL 


36 


Wtk   (Van)   Bbothebs  &   Co.,   Leyden — 
Manufiictiuvrs. 
Woollen  coverlets  with  stripes  of  different  colours. 
White  wooUen  knitting-yam, which  is  said  not  to  shrink ; 
white  knitting-yam,   different  sorts  j   worsted  knitting- 
yam.    Knitted-worsted  stockings,  in   different  qualities 
and  sizes. 


38        ScHELTSKA,  Jacobus,  &  Janszoon,  Leyden — 

Manufacturers. 
Blankets  of  different  thicknesses,  for  severe,  moderate, 
and  warm  weather ;  made  of  Dutch  wooL 


39    Theitnissen,  Jacobus,  Heppel — Manufiicturer. 

Bed-tick,  of  linen  thread,  fine  quality.    Canvas,  called 
"Meppder  everdoek." 


40        EOOPMANB,  E.,  Bewrwyh — ^Manufacturer. 
Turkey-red  doth,  dyed  with  Dutch  madder. 

[In  the  Class  of  the  United  Kingdom  to  which  printed 
and  dyed  fabrics  belong  (Class  18),  a  note  briefly  de- 
scribes this  process  of  dyeing  Turkey-red.  Madder  is  the 
source  of  the  colour ;  but  its  brilliance  is  greatly  owing  to 
certain  points  in  the  manipulation,  and  perhaps  to  cer- 
tain qualities  in  the  water,  which  are  not  often  sufficiently 
attended  to.  Nor  indeed  can  they  ever  have  been  said  to 
be  dearly  defined.— K.  E.] 


41  AiiPHEN  (Van),  G.,  Breda — ^Manufacturer. 
Carpets  of  cow-hair,  speckled,   red,  and  black;  and 

green,  black,  and  striped.    Staircase  ourpet. 

42  Heukenspeldt,  Ian,  Delft — Manufacturer. 
Carpets : — ^Vdvet,  new  Brussels,  and  **  under-table,**  or 

"crumb-doths.**    The  under-table  carpets  are  prindpally 
used  during  dinner  and  supper,  to  preserve  the  carpets. 

43  Kboonenbebo,  W.  F.,  Director  of  the  Boyal 
Smyrna  or  Turkey  Carpet  Mam^actory^  Deventer. 

Carpets : — Deventer  carpet,  woven  in  one  piece.  The 
design  is  original ;  the  wool  produced  and  manufactured 
in  Holland.  

44  Vbn  (Van  de),  Petbus  Cobnelis,  Boxtel — 

Manufacturer. 
Napkins  and  table-doths  of  fine  damask. 
Napkins  and  table-doths,  damask,  superfine. 
Cloths  for  communion-tables,  fine  linen  damask. 
Napkins  with  representations  of  the  arms  of  Holland 
and  Wurtemberg ;  and  Van  Heeckeren  and  Wassender. 


45  VooBT  (Van  deb)  ,  H.,  JBoxftf^— Manu&cturer. 
Damask  table-cloth  and  napkins,  linen,  with  the  arms 

of  Qreat  Britain. 

Napkin,  linen  damask,  with  the  arms  of  the  Netherlands. 

Napkin,  linen  damask,  with  the  arms  of  Russia. 

Table-cloth  and  napldns,  linen  damask,  and  superfine 
linen.  

46  Geffen  (Van),  Johannes  Hsbkanus,  Boxtel 

— Manu£su;turer. 
Napkins,  table-doth,  and  altar-cloth  of  linen  damask. 
Napkins  and  table-cloths  of  diaper  linen.    All  manu- 
factured of  fiax  spun  by  hand. 


47    Galle,  Peteb  Hilbebt,  Kampen — ^Manufacturer. 

Table-cloth  of  linen  damask,  superfine.    Napkins  of 
linen  damask,  superfine. 


48       Tbayaolino,  J.  A.,  Haarlem — Manu^M^turer. 

Boddice  silk ;  coloured  sewing  silk ;  raw  and  coloured 
silk. 

Grold  cloth.    Silver  damask. 

Black  figured  silk  stufi*,  4  la  Jaoquard.  Satin  de  Chine. 
Ghx>s  de  Naples. 

Coloured,  striped,  and  checked  silk  stuffs. 


THE  NETHERLANDS. 


1145 


Silk  laoe.  Bibbon.  Bourdalour  ribbon.  Bibbon  for 
military  decorations.  Knot  ribbon.  Neckcloths,  or  era- 
rats.  

49       EiCTHOTEN  (Van),  Abnout  Jacobub,  Smpe, 
near  Zutphen — ^Proprietor. 

Silk  spun  from  the  cocoons,  white,  ydlow,  and  sea- 
green.  Kaw  white  and  yeUow  Butch  sill,  and  imitation. 
Brussa  silk  (9<ne  grhce), 

Baw  white  and  yellow  silk,  and  woof  silk  {trame)  ;  the 
•ame,  made  from  two  threads  of  the  silk-worm  {toie  de 
deuxfiU  d%  ver-a-toie). 


50        SwAAB,  Samitkl  Leon,  The  Saffue^lnrentoT. 

Flax,  partly  prepared,  without  breaking  and  heckling. 
]>utch  flax,  first  quality,  for  spinning,  and  entirely  pre- 
pared. Hemp,  half-prepared,  for  the  manufiujture  of  Imen 
and  iU  residue ;  and  for  cotton.  "  Cotton  flax,"  from  the 
residue  of  flax.    **  Cotton,"  from  the  residue  of  hemp. 


51  Kaissb,  G.  C.  F.,  Amsterdam — ^Manufacturer. 
Chamois  glores. 

52  BooTACKEBfl  &  Son,  Rotterdam — Makers. 

A  pair  of  patent  leather  or  "varnished"  boots,  the  leg 
without  seam.  A  Chinese  boot.  Boot,  of  which  the  leg 
and  sole  are  without  seam,  and  weigliing  about  seren  and 
a  half  ounces.  Varnished  boot,  embellished  with  figures. 
Boots  of  Tulcanized  caoutchouc.    Boots  and  shoes. 


52a   Pilosb,  Lodewijk,  Amsterdam — ^Manufacturer. 
Two  safes. 


53        Lafbbsb,  Abbahax,  Oouda — Manufacturer. 

Twisted  cotton  reins,  made  by  hand,  for  a  set  of  four 
horses,  in  the  EngUsh  national  colours ;  reins  for  one  set 
of  horses ;  cotton  reins,  white  and  black,  round  and  flat. 

Twisted  halters  of  cotton,  with  rings,  made  by  hand. 


54  Catz  (Van),  J.  B.,  Oouda — Manufacturer. 

Yam  and  ropo  for  fishing.  Log  lines  and  drum  cords 
from  Dutch  hemp. 

Knitted  reins,  for  two  horses,  from  English  cotton. 
Knitted  reins,  for  one  horse,  from  English  cotton. 

Fishing-net  yam,  from  Dutch  hemp.  Cording.  Yam 
for  snipe  nets,  from  Dutch  flax. 


Post  &  Wendt,  Oouda — Manufacturers. 
Whalebone  whips  and  walking-canes. 


50        Otto,  Franc  Heinbich,  Amsterdam — Maker. 

Embroidery,  representing  an  incident  of  Milton's  youth, 
entirely  worked  in  human  liair,  on  wliitc  gros-de-Naples, 
in  a  frame. 


57      CorcKE,  CnABLEfl,  Rotterdam — Manufacturer. 
Ladjr's  head-dress.     Periwig  of  grey  liair. 


5ft      RooTEN  (Tan),  ITendrik,  r/rrcA/— Designer. 

Specimens  of  dyecl  silk,  coloured  with  the  newly- 
inventetl  colouring  matter — Polychromate,  or  chrysammic 
a<-id.  All  these  colours  are  derived  from  the  same  sub* 
stance,  without  any  other  colouring  matter,  merely  by  the 
applit^tion  of  diflerent  corrosive  i)roces8es. 

f  A  pn»rious  note  explains  tliat  chrysammic  acid  is  ob- 
tained from  aloes.  Its  compounds  appear  capable  of 
communicating  several  diflerent  colours  of  great  bril- 
liancy.— R.  E.] 

50   HoNio  Bbebt,  C.  k  F.,  Zrt«»«/yX:— Manufacturers. 
Samples  of  parchment,  and  double  elepliant  paper. 


60  Hoiao,  Jacob,  k  Soir,  Zaandyk^  near  Amsterdam 

— Manufacturers. 

Specimens  of  parchment ;  double  elephant,  lai^  square 
folio,  imperial,  crayon  paper,  &c. 

Striped  double  elepluuit:  elephant,  imperial,  super- 
royal,  royal,  large  and  small  medium,  medium  poet,  Vene- 
tian, and  various  writing  papers. 

61  Gbidkb  (Van)  &  Soks,  Wbrmerveer — 

Manufacturers. 
Specimens  of  double  purple  and  white  paper  (white 
inside  and  purple  outside)  tor  the  use  of  sugar  r^ners, 
manu&ctured  by  machineiy. 

62  G1B8BSB8,  T.  M.,  Roermond — Manufiicturer. 
Iron  fire-proof  safes,  in  the  form  of  escrutoires,  painted 

black,  with  gilt  ornaments,  and  secure  and  prirate  locks. 

63  MABTnr,  E.  C,  Zeyst,  near  Utrecht — Manufiicturer. 
Queen*s-ware  store,  having  in  the  front  an  open  fire- 
place, and  at  the  same  time  the  air  is  heated  from  contact 
with  the  side  and  smoke  flues. 

Patent  architectural  ornaments,  of  a  particular  descrip- 
tion  of  clay,  not  readily  affected  by  the  influence  of 
weather.    CapitaL    Console.    Balustrade  for  a  balcony. 

Flower-vase  suspender,  made  of  clay,  glazed  on  the 
inside.     Large  and  small  vases.    Flower-pot. 

Consoles  and  flower- vases  intended  to  be  suspended. 

65       Oraamanb,  H.  C,  Rotterdam — Manufacturer. 
Patent  kitchen  stove,  and  two  hearths. 


66  HsssBLiKx,  WnxxM  Fbbdebik,  Oorseel^  near 

Zutphen — Proprietor. 
A  "  seedlip*'  and  a  cradle. 

67  Landkbook,  Jait,  Noordwold,  near  Doklnm 

— Maker. 
Baskets  of  willow  or  osier  twigs ;  some  painted  with 
Frieslandish  green  (Vriesch^roen),    Exhibited  for  dura- 
bility and  cheapness. 


68        Draaisma,  DorwE,  Deventer — Manufacturer. 

Porous  pots  of  earthenware,  used  in  galvanic  appara- 
tuses. 

[The  porous  cells  alluded  to  form  an  important  part  of 
several  forms  of  the  galvanic  battery.  In  that  of  DanicU 
they  are  generally  used  of  a  circular  form.  The  intention 
of  their  employment  is  to  permit  the  passage  of  the  elec- 
tric current  uninterrupted  through  the  fluid,  from  within 
the  cell  to  that  surrounding  it  in  which  it  is  placed.  In 
Grove's  battery  the  porous  cell  is  somewhat  eUiptical  in 
outline.  Tlie  form  is  merely  a  matter  of  convenience  of 
arrangement. — R.  E.] 

09      Linden  (Van  dkb),  Abraham,  Rotterdam — 

Manufacturer. 
Cigars  made  of  Dutch  and  East  Indian  tobacco. 


70  Brandon,  Nathan  Dias,  Amsterdam — 

Manufacturer. 
Stearine  candles  and  tapers. 
Lime  soap. 
Stearic  acid  ;  the  same  purified. 

[Fatty  matter,  such  as  tallow,  consists  of  several  prin- 
ciples, among  which  are  found  margarine  and  stearine. 
The  two  latter  are  separattxl  imperfectly  from  otlier 
principles  by  saponifying  tlie  tallow  with  Ume.  The 
"lime  soap/*  thus  obtained,  is  insoluble;  and  in  order 
to  obtain  the  fatty  acids  which  have  combined  with  it, 
it  is  decomposed  by  dilute  sulphuric  acid :  a  mixture  of 
margaric  and  stearic  acids  can  then  be  obtained  from  the 
mass. — B.  £.] 


THE  NETHEBLABDS. 


,       .  t  BOK,  MaarlncAl — 
Bfpnu&cturerB, 
KDuwdllM,   IiimbiiTg,  Japan,    odorifennia    and  oUier 

72      SoKSEKitXYXB,  JoBiisifES  Kisxi,  Botttrdom 
— Designer. 

QTOnnd  or  earth-borer,  to  promote  the  TSgotatia 
fi^t  and  other  treea.  Thu  nwcnine  precludes  the  nece 
of  digging  round  the  tree.  The  holet  are  bored  at  a  diatance. 
of  two  ftiet  from  the  Btsm,  obliquely,  towards  the  centre  of 
the  roota,  one  foot  from  each  other,  and  one  and  a  half 
foot  deep,  when  thej  muat  be  flllsd  up  with  manure. 

[The  object  of  thia  implement  is  to  aecure  a  read;  ac- 
ceee  of  water  to  the  roota  of  tree*  in  drf  weKther,  without 
brealdng  np  the  ground.  It  is  capable  of  boring  holes  two 
feet  from  the  stem,  directod  obliquely  towards  the  centre, 
and  one  foot  and  s  half  deep  i  which  holes  being  filled 
with  manure,  and  pierced  at  the  diatanee  of  a  foot  apart, 
will   enable   the   cnltirator   to   keep   the  emrth  always 

moist. — J.  L.]       

78     BrtM,  Fbidbbie,  Bauieiroet,  mot  SaarUm — 
Inventor  and  Uanofiwtarer. 

Idqoid  mumra-maohine,  with  arrangements  to  spread 
the  manure.  

74  JxKXKN,  W.,  I/fnscAf— Uanufactorer. 

A  swing  plough  of  Flemish  construction ;  its  share  outs 
out  the  furrow  entirely,  and  leaves  the  bottom  flaL 

A  tDmip  and  carrot  outterof  anewoonstruction.  This 
machine  cuts  one  hectolitre,  (which  is  twenty-two  imperial 
gallons,  or  nearly  a  sack)  in  a  minute. 

75  Tax  Yubsisoss,  Tab  Heel,  &  ItEBoam,  Cail, 

A  Co.,  Amtterdam — Mana&ctnren. 

Sngar-caue  mill,  of  improied  construction. 

The  improrements  made  in  the  construction  of  this 
■ugaj-cane  mill  consist,  1st,  in  the  manner  in  which  the 
rolls  are  k^ed  upon  their  axes,  which  prevonta  them  &om 
loosening ;  2dly,  in  the  mode  of  Giina  the  holding-down 
bolts,  uwd  for  tightening  the  upper  roll,  which  are  passed 
down  through  the  wooden  foundation,  instead  of  being 
kefed  into  the  frame  itself.  By  this  means  the  break- 
ing of  frames  is  greatly  prerented,  as,  in  case  of  anything 
of  extra  thicknees  getting  between  the  rolls,  the  wood- 
sleepen  of  the  foundation  spring  slightly.  Thia  sngai^ 
cane  mill  ia  represented  by  a  sifb  elOTation  and  plan  in 
the  aooompanyijig  out. 


a,  accurately  weighing  whilst  lifting. 


77      QoosSENS,  Q.,  F.S.A.  t^tlu  Basal  Jfoaa/arfopy 
of  Peratttio*  Capt,  Deffl—la'seatar. 

A  machine  for  the  oianuiacture  of  pereussion  caps, 
extremely  eimple  and  double-acting.  The  moulds  of  these 
machines  are  oi  copper ;  neverUieless,  fire  hundred  thou- 
sand caps  haTe  be^  made  with  a  single  mould.  The 
double-acting  machine  makn  a  perfectly-Sniped  cxp  each 
half-turn  J  and  produces,  with  the  aid  of  a  single  adult 
and  a  boy,  eight  thousand  cape  an  hour. 

At  one  operation,  these  caps  are  loaded  with  fiilmi- 
nating-powder,  pressed,  oorered  with  ramish,  and  e 


-,  at  DfJft. 


'    of   this    machine  is  Jean  Bar, 


78      Petit  &  FiUTGEir,  AarUrixUl,  war  SHmond— 
Bell-lbiuiders. 
Caet  bdla  for  a  chime,  weighing  sboot  3,600  kik>- 
gnunmes,  or  5,600  Iba.,  with  a  suspending  apparatti*. 


79         Ensobsdr,  Jobannis,  &  Sosa,  HaaHem~ 
Letter-Ibujiden  and  Printers. 

Printing  types:— Great  (double  pica)  Javaneae  cha- 
racter. Javanese  aasortment  of  east  types,  consisting  of 
230  different  types,  and  cast  in  eleven  moulds.  Small 
(Augostin,  or  great  primer)  Javanese  character:  an 
assortment  of  oast  types,  consisting  of  176  different  types, 
and  east  in  eleven  moulds  ;  the  pundies  are  engraved  by 
the  eihibitora  from  the  models  procured  by  Mr.  T.  Koorda, 
Professor  at  the  Royal  Academy  at  Delft.  The  matricta 
with  which  all  theae  characters  have  been  oast  are  rertified 
and  adapted  for  moulds  with  fixed  register*  {moiUtt  A 
Ttgittretfixii). 

Stereotype  plates,  for  printiog  quarto  Biblea. 


80   Nbrinq,  Booel,  k  Co.,  i)««i/er— ManufacturCTs. 
Cast-iron  flatting-roll,  for  calendering  wotd-velvet. 


WfKtKKi:      1 

HI 1 1    LL 

T-':l 

^ 

n 

J 

mimamw3  i 

1^ 

Va  TIlBlofaa  k  C<i.'>  Suga  n 


THE  NETHERLANDS. 


1147 


A  csM  M>ntaiiiini>  copjwr  le»  oijdiiitble  th>a  ardiniry 
CoppcTj  applicable  lor  shipping  and  otUer  purpoaeo. 

)>i;t  Becieb,  C,  Araheai — Kfcchanician. 

A  bolanix,  nritL  woighte.  Il»  knife-edge  dkU  on  ogala 
[lUoci.  Tliia  bnlantv  will  srrve  to  detennino  woights  up 
to  lerentj-Kren  gniim  noarl;,  and  is  said  to  tuni  with 
■bout  the  i^th  pnrt  of  a  pain. 

Another  bolaikoeT  tlie  EnLfe-edgm  mling  flat,  and 
the  endi  on  ^^(«9  ;  may  be  loaded  with  about  1,543  gnina 
(upwards  of  llirm  ouureg  troy)  in  each  svale;  and  is  said 
to  turn  with  about  ji^iglh  port  of  a  grain. 

Anotbor  balanci',  rvstini;  on  three  points  upon  aoato 
plaoes,  with  15,43-1  grains  (upwards  of  £]  llffi.  troy)  in 
each  sesle,  is  said  lo  turn  with  j^lh  of  a.  gniu. 

A  luvfUing  Bppamtus,  simpl^  in  use,  and  its  a^)"*^' 
tDcnt)  are  eaaUj  Terififd, 

[Very  <ediailiye  bnlanocs  are  not  onlj  Tsrj  useful  in  deli- 
cate piperiinents,  but  are  also  employed  iu  Teij  many 
purposes  of  ordinal^  life.  A  high  degree  of  nensibilily 
Mnns  lo  han  bcvn  giien  (o  the  aboTO  bahmeee,  as  they 
Bacrrtain  the  true  weiglit  to  a  very  amall  fraction  of  the 
whole— J.  O.]      

84  KjtlSEK,  A.,  TheHagut — Miuiufaclurer  and  InTmtor. 
Ttdbcwaarder  (time-preserver),  for  the  legulalion  ol 

cloelis,  a  aimphSed  aitronomie&l  elock  with  somD  now 
ananecments.  It  tins  been  examined  by  astrouonien>, 
bx  whose  report!  (published  in  the  Koiul  r»  Letterbode 
o^  ISW.  Xo.  18,  and  IS'IT,  No.  14)  the  accuraey  of  this 
ck>ek  stands  eonijnrison  with  a  good  chronomelcr, 

85  UBMtis,  KAHELWiLnKLX,  ^leof/fl— Invent  Or. 
An  eqiialorial  sun-dial,  of  roii])er,  with  a  moreabla  hour 

and  minulfhand,  couipasa,  label,  and  nocturlAbe,  which 
may  bo  pointed  lo  any  plaee ;  with  nu^chuiism  by  which 
a  ■.■aiinon  may  he  discliui^'d  by  means  of  a  buming-glast. 


Sfi     HouwT,  AMintW,  JiHi^en/am— Monufiieturer. 

^    An  ■!•!  ronoinical  eight-day  clock  furnished  with  mei^ 

curial    [leuduluni.      A   two-day    chroooim-lcr  and  Other 

f  All  llw  »ub«ton«s  of  wliit-h  a  pendulum  rod  can  be 
mule,  inepmae  in  length  with  an  innvase  of  tem|icralure, 
and  a  conipmsateil  pendulum  is  one  with  a  conlrimnee 
whk'b  will  comix™Ble  the  effii't  of  the  ■■s|«maion  of  the 
iDil.  llu!  mercurial  piiiduluin  ronjiirds  of  a  stivl  rod,  to 
whii-h  '»  altachni  a  rtlindcr  of  f^t.  or  iron  Clled  nearly 
wilh  niiTi-urr,  tlia  ex|ian!>ii)n  of  wliiuli  on  an  iucpeaae  of 
leni|*TiilLin.-  is  jiiit  to  much  minv  tlmn  that  of  the  roil, 
tlial  the  {Mini  i^tlie  eeiilri'  of  oscillation  of  the  pendulum 
ian«niui-h  rariedhy  theex|ninsion  ofthe  mercury  upwanU, 
Bflheiijiansionofllierodh'tsildown.  Tlie  liiuilailjui't- 
ment  nf  niitvuriul  peiuluinm*  is  jwrfiirmcd  by  trial  and 
tTnir,  or  bv  nddiug  lo  or  taking  away  uicmiTj',  as  may  bo 
r..,|uia.,l^.  GO  

t>'         Loukxil:!,  Willem  Mabtim-c,  IlaarUm — 
Munnfai'lunr;  Mr.  Kliah,  TiiTenlor. 
A  largi-  |K.Tin»iienl  rlii'l  mn^iel  iii]iBble  of  lifting  a 
vreii-lil   of  5llO  lbs.      Anollier    eapable    of  suppurtiiiH 


da  lliini,  nijiableoC  lifting  a  weigh! 
these  magnets  is  niil 


lb'.;  andal1>in1,ci>jable 
.r  eon'taiil  power  ot  ttut 


u>l  iKiwer  or  1 
111  be  lunrc  than  double  llmt  which  iwi  bo  imparted 
tlie  •ante  iiiim  ufslivt  by  (lie  usual  methods.  Tlie  peru- 
lijtr  [jroivits  of  Iht^ir  eonstnidion  is  an  inveution  of  Mr. 
Kliiis,  ofHurh-m. 

A  iwinniou  ituriner's  compass,  llii>  compass  nscdlu  of 
»hirh  is  aii)Uinil  by  the  jiroeesj  abore  cited, 

Khrlni-nui^elic  eiigiiu',  ajiplicnble  to  the  deoompo- 
■ilion  of  walOTi  al'O  fnr  blasting  mines  at  the  dis- 
tano)  of  more  tlHn  3U0  fiiiit>  and  Bdapled  for  the  dcetrir 


telegraph.      The  improveraent  in  ... 

sists  In  the  inductors  rotating,  not  near,  but  between 
the  poles  of  the  masncta.  In  thia  manner  the  magoot^ 
act  more  onergetieally  upon  (he  inductors,  and  a  cur- 
rent of  greot«r  power  is  detoloped  by  the  same  amount  of 
mognetical  intensity. 

[The  loadstone,  or  natural  magnet,  was  for  a  long  tini« 
considered  as  the  only  body  posseising  the  maguetio 
properties.  It  is  an  ore  of  iron,  of  a  dark  metallic  gref 
colour.  There  are  soieral  different  methods  of  making 
artiflcial  magnets.  Or  causing  hard  stcd  to  poeseae  all  the 
qualities  of  attraction  and  repulsion,  &c.,  of  the  natural 
magnets. — J.  Q.j 


89  Caj:ii7X,  J.,  Valkenburg,  near  Ltgim — Inrcntor 
and  Proprietor. 
A  dynamostnter,  to  be  used  ai  a  dynamometer  fb» 
ploughs,  with  a  ehronometrio  mediator  or  controller  of 
the  indications  of  the  instrument  affixed  lo  it.  By  a  slight 
mo<li£cation  this  construction  can  be  used  aa  a  dynitmo- 
raeter  for  measuring  olhw  Tarjing  strains.  The  machine 
consists  of  two  lovers  fixed  to  an  iron  friame,  which  act  OD 
each  other  by  a  joint,  under  raiding  angles.  To  one  td 
these  UTera  is  attached  the  plough-team,  and  on  the  other 
the  DOunlerpoise,  which  constitutes  one  of  the  Eactors  for 
"^  ■       ■  'of  the  power,  which  changes  its  position 


motrical  mediator  of  the  indications  of  the  machine  oon< 
■isli  of  two  WBtehea,  nrovided  with  second  hands,  ono 
watch  keeping  its  regular  course,  whilst  the  other,  by  an 
aocoleraling  ap]»aPBtUB  of  tho  balance  of  the  clockwork, 
runs  taster  in  proportion  to  the  rising  of  the  lei'er ;  tha 
velocity  of  the  clockwork  is  lo  regulated  that  for  every 
augmentation  of  the  multiple  of  tlui  eounterpoiae  bj  one, 
the  increase  of  velocity  is  two  seconds  por  minute.  Tin 
number  of  seconds  which  the  watch  with  the  aecelerating 
apparatus  runs  per  miuulein  the  different  positions  otlha 
U'ver,  is  marked  in  ciphers  on  tlie  copper  section  along 
which  (he  l«ver  niOTOS.  In  drawing  a  burden  which  en- 
oountera  a  variable  resistance,  such  as  a  low^  ship,  or  a 
sledge  in  n  rope-yard,  owing  lochongca  in  the  hygromelrio 
conditions  of  Ijic  atmo«)ihure  or  of  llm  soil,  the  ordinary 
spring  clvnaniomclers  are  not  sufficient  to  procure  the  do- 
sired  indications.  Their  senaibdily  also,  m  many  i^aMM, 
is  not  sufficient  to  show  rlu2  ahcrations  of  straining  which 
follow  in  quick  succession ;  these  alterations  being  indicated 
with  aci-uracy  by  llw  dynamometer.  The  instnunent  wa* 
made  by  a  comjnon  viluge  blacksmith,  according  lo  tliB 
directions  of  the  inventor.  The  sics  were  appUad,  and 
tho  clockwork  eieculcd  by  B.  Van  Beck,  wstehnisker,  Ley- 
den.    The  accelerating  apparatus  of  the  clockwork  is  also 


[A  dynamometer  is  an  instrument  intcnde<l  lo  measure 
Ihc  ninsoidar  strength  of  man  and  aniinnls,  and  a  pretty 
good  esliniato  may  be  formed  of  such  by  tho  use  of  the 
above  machine.— J.  O.] 

Mechanical  timinij-key  for  pianofortes,  with  a  support 
for  the  joming- piece  of  tile  tuning-key  i  particularly 
adapted  for  an  uprii(hl  Brussels  piuioforte.  The 
object  of  (Ids  key  is  to  insure  grcalcr  accuracy  when  very 
slight  alteralioiu  of  pilch  are  required.  Tlie  support 
being  (iied  in  its  jiroiicr  place,  Ihe  key  is  set  on  the  peg, 
and  tlio  miUi-^s  scn-w  of  Ihe  key  is  lumi-d  until  tlia 
juinuie-|iiere  comes  opposite  one  o'f  the  support  chinksj 
mlowhicli  the  mming  part  of  the  joining-piece  is  lowered. 
To  siut  ditTcmitly  funned  pianofortes  the  supinrt  must 
have  a  .lilfetent  conslniction.  Made  by  11.  Van  Beck, 
watchmaker,  Ix^dcn. 

[Ordmary  tuning-keys  are  generally  (armed  in  ona 
piece  of  hard  iron  :  in  uiing  theia  cars  tnnit  be  *ti\fn  to 


[OFFtCIiL  IU.CITBATSD   CATUOGt'E.] 


-1148 


THE  NETHEELAKDS. 


alter  tho  pitoii  of  the  ipring,  only  so  mui^li  m  is  positiTelj 
mecrasary ;    thia,  trim  tbHoiu   eniuca,  is  often  no  taisy 

tnatlCT,  and  the  preeent  invEntion,  if  it  cob  be  turned  to 
gencial  account,  nill  be  it  onco  nppn>ciatcd  bj  tuners. — 

H.  E.  D,]  

'90  CoxTiAD,  F.  U.,  TU  So/jw,  EHgiitftr-ui' 
C/ilrf—lnrentor. 
Uodel  of  a  onine-bridgo  on  tho  Dutch  railway.  Tlie 
bridge  is  conitrDctod  otet  the  rirer  Sebie,  near  Schiedam 
and  I>(»&hflTcii,  where  the  railway  eroaicB  the  rifcr  at  an 
angle  of  87°.  The  nama  ia  litorallj  correct,  as  Hie  iningirder* 
toe  nothing  more  than  eight  cranes,  four  on  each  side,  oorre- 

rnding  to  tho  four  lines  of  rails,  and  bo  fuslpnal together, 
t  by  the  application  of  proper  machiacry  to  one  side,  the 
whole  Iriimc-n'ork  falls  back  in  a  line  parallel  nith  the 
pier,  learing  a  sullicicnt  opening  to  allow  a  Teaaal  fully 
rigged  to  pass  between.  The  aame  machinery  ia  used  to 
bring  the  geriea  of  cranea  together  again,  vhen  a  few  bolla 
or  catchca  BulEce  to  retain  tbcm  Srmly  in  a  poaition  that 

(_VV'hen  railways  croas  rivera  or  canals  navigable  for 
masted  entt,  it  lulhar  becomes  neceeaary  to  malui  the 
bridges  at  such  an  eleralion  u  will  permit  tho  vessels  to 
pass  beneath,  or  to  construct  them  so  that  they  may  be 
'opened.  To  make  high  bridges  would,  in  many  instances, 
be  impoa»ibh)  without  an  eiceasive  outlay.  Swing,  lifting, 
'«r  rolling  bridges  arc  tbereforo  in  such  cases  indispenso' 
TjIo.— S-  C] 

-  Model  of  a  rolltng-bndgc  on  the  Dutch  railway.  This 
Tolling-bridgc  is  constructed  orer  the  old  Rhine,  a  Httle 
beyond  Leyden,  where  the  railway  eroaees  tho  riTar  at  an 
angle  of  Si',  The  bridge  is  of  timber,  the  piers  consist  of 
pile*,  and  the  abutmenU  are  brickwork,  on  pile  founda- 
tions. ThetotalleDgUiof thebriilgeislTOfcet;  itswidth, 
28  feet  6  inches;  the  span  ofthe  three  middle  arches  32  feet 
30  inches,  and  the  two  eitrcme  arches  are  20  feet.  One 
of  these  latter,  which  is  Intended  for  the  navigation,  ia 
closed  by  two  parallt^  platforms,  wliieh  slide  diagonally 
in  opposite  diruclionsi  when  opening  they  are  moved 
eimultaneounly  by  one  man  with  very  simple  machineiy. 
^e  cost  of  tins  bridge  was  41,200  florins  {about 
8,433;.  61.  8c/.).  T'hc  bridge  was  executed  with  the  asaiit- 
«tiee  of  C.  Outshoom,  resident  engineer. 

Shutting  of  sluice  or  dock-gates.  This  new  contrivance 
fs  effected  on  the  principle  of  a  common  water  cock.  It 
COnaiata  of  a  large  turn-table  placed  at  tho  bottom  of  (he 
sluice,  turning  on  a  pivot  and  resljng  on  a  rotary  disc. 
i  large  cytinduria  Hied  on  (his  turn-table,  having  an  open- 
ing in  it  of  the  same  dimensions  as  tlio  opening  in  the 
lock,  AVhenthis  tube  is  turned  round  a  quarter  of  a  circle, 
■whieb  can  be  done  by  the  means  of  aimplc  machinery,  the 
BluicD  is  closed,  and  by  the  reverse  motion  opened  again. 
The  closing  or  openuig  can  equally  bo  obtained  by  the 
pressure  of  the  water  itael£ 

SI         Cluse^,  Peter  CoxvELicg,  Amtterdaa — 


32        MiiTiuiTn),  EoBEBT  T.,  The  iro.jiH— Inventor. 
Model  of  B  self-acting  prCKrvativo  locon 


-93         ToLLENBOVEs  (Xxx),  G.  loosT,  Botlrrdam 
— Propriclor. 
Models  of  a  cutler,  built  for  fast  Bailing ;  a  long  boat 
or  launch,  witli  a  piece  of  cannonMlc ;   gig;   yawl,  and 
j)innaoe. 


4  W*L   (ViN  TEn),   KuJi   Bymebs,   Jfcey, 

Hear  Saret — Inventor. 
Model  of  a  water-mill  with  two  screwo. 


95  CrirpsBS,JoHiBSEgrnAsciBC».e,  ThalZagne 

— Manufacturer. 
Small  pianoforte,  of  purple  wood. 

96  ZkeOEBS,  FbaMs,  jfHuf«n£iini— Alanufacturer. 

A  large  folding  screen,  composed  of  eight  partitions  or 
doors,  adorned  with  figures  in  rehet  in  Chinese  or 
Japanese  style,  vamiahod  and  mounted,  with  engraved 
copper  joints. 

An  elegant  wooden  fire-screen  and  round  table,  varnished 
in  red  lacquer,  and  painted  in  the  same  manner. 


97         HoBBrx  Bhotheue,  MiTrniKF  L  "WrLLEM, 
Tkt  JajfKf — Maiiufiicturmi. 
Ladder  and  alnircase  for  libraries.    From  the  manufac- 
tory Bailed  Anna  Faulotmo,  eetabliahed  in  1800. 

<t8  SOHCTZ,  Lfdwio  WiLHElM,  Zeijtl,  near 

r'irecAi— Designer  and  MonuiactunT. 

Specimena  of  sine  casting.  Stag,  emhosaed  by  Mr. 
Banch,  at  Berlin;  flower  case;  flower  table;  case  for 
lamno  ;  coses  with  floner-pots,  kc. 

Slower  tahiei ;  flower  case  ;  and  flower  vases  auJ 
baskets, iu  wood  and  tnisled  reod. 


99  EECOtTT,  P.,  jlfiws/ricAi— Manufacturer. 

Two  large  chandeliers  in  cut  crystal,  BH]>porteil  by  gilt 
metal,  made  for  16  gas  lights.  Two  auiallcr  chandeliers 
in  cut  crystal,  aupporled  by  gilt  metal,  made  for  68  gas 
lights  of  common  aiie.  A  large  vase  of  ciyetal.  ThcB« 
crystal  chon'icliers  and  vase  are  represented  in  the  ac- 
companying Plate  46. 

Glasses,  assorted.  GUsa  condoit  pipes  for  gaa  ami 
water,  as  employed  at  Macatricht. 

100  LnfiASCO  BKOTBKas,  Amtlerdam — MannJacturers. 
Bronie  statues,  representing  M.  A.  de  Buyler,  Princd 

William  I.,  and  Kembrandt  van  Rjtv;  all  modelled  by 
L.  Eojer.  

101  KEUPEN(Till),  JOHiSKESMATTHIira,  UtncU 

—Gold  and  Silver  Work  Manufacturer. 
KinB(ern  articles  ia  silver.  This  wllcetlon— a  specimen 
of  reproduction  of  the  prindpal  architectural  atjlca,  in 
their  application  to  gold  and  ailvei'  works— is  divided  into 
Ave  branches,  representing  the  Grecian,  Golliie,  annl 
Elixabethan  styles,  tluDsc  of  Louis  XIV.  and  of  Louis  XV. 
With  a  pampldet  entitled,  "  On  the  Forms  of  Gold  and 
Silver  Worka,"  relativo  to  these  articles. 


102         Gbkbe,  Jeab  G.,  RotUnUtn — Silremnilb. 

A  specimen  of  embossing,  in  the  form  of  a  beaker,  which 
is  made  ^m  a  single  piece  of  silver. 

102i      HKrHSBEHOKN    (T*!i),  WlLUllI  JlCOD,  T\* 
Hagiu — Manufacturw. 
Show  cose  of  rosewood,  containing  military  lacings  as 
eiHiuletlPs,  sword  and  ahoulder  knots,  cords,  scarfs,  Le., 
the  fashion  of  the  Duteli  army.     Galloon,  and  gold  and 
silver  thread,  for  use  in  the  Indies. 


104  Bostim,  Deiime,  JToWerrfflm— Manufiictuiw, 
Corsage  or  pointe,  made  of  diamonds  and  pearls,  which 

may  be  dividoi  in  tliree  parts. 

105  Vebbkxx,  JicosnB  Sboastukub,  Sotterdam 

—Maker. 
Flowers  and  butlcrflios,  sculptured  in  Catnra  marbls^ 
in  diffimot  ooloura. 


THE  NETHEHLANDS. 


106       SiomiT,  Jur  Uicbiel, 

Cunoot,  unons  which  ii  b  flguro  of  Uor  M^entj  tlio 
Qqmd  gf  England.     Prints,  from  mcdalj  Bod  nUnipt. 


108  Hess,  T.  A.,  ^nuf^nf am— Maker. 

Anartiflcwleye.mtendedloproTethat  objecta  are  trans- 
l«Tsd  diractlf,  and  not  inTerted  on  the  retin*. 

[With  reference  to  the  apparstuB  hen  described,  it  is 
nemsBiy  to  state  that  a  Bimplu  cipcnment  upon  the 
eyo  itself  of  man  or  Bnimals  rereals  tlie  iBct,  that 
image*  are  receircd  intcrtedlj  upon  the  retina  or  BCTisitiye 
membrane  of  Che  cjn.  I(  is  not  difficult  so  to  prepare  llie 
e^e  of  sn  Bnimal  as  to  aftbrd  the  observer  an  opportunitj- 
<^  sering  exactly  in  what  rondilion,  as  to  crertneai  or 
in* rision,  the  images  of  objects  are  depicted  on  the  retina. 
From  lime  immemorial,  the  question  hai  alwaya  been 
proposed  bj  philosophen,  hov  it  can  be  that  objecla  are 
seen  rrret  when  tlicir  images  are  received  in  an  inverted 
position  by  the  retina?  .The  correction  is  not  a  meclia- 
nical  but  a  mental  profess,  such  at  least  is  the  generally 
reoeired  opinion ;  butas  toils  necessity  few  are  at  present 
disposed  to  question.— B.  £.] 


109  Ghscredb,  Jooimria,  t  Soxb,  Miarhm 

— Letter-founders  and  Printora. 
Bibles  in  quarto  and  folio,  for  the  use  of  the  Dutdi  Il» 
formed  Church,  printed  for  the  Dutch  Bibla  Companv 
(_Jfed«rla»jMk  B^l-gnunrite%af),  with  stonotTpe  pbtoC 

110  HooBDBTOOKP,  P.  H.,  Tie  .fffljM— PrintOT. 
SpwiinenB  of  Dut<!h  printing,  oonsisting  of  the  folloving 

work:— "Journal  do  1  Ambauade extraOTdinaira  da  Son 
Eicelleaoe  Mylord  Comte  de  Portland  ea  Ynatx,  par 
rapport  du  o^rdmonial ;  with  illustrations  printed  in  ths 
text  by  Ch.  Bochusson."  Of  this  work,  on^y  26  oopJM 
were  printed. 


Ill     ZwxBiAASDT,  A.,  Amlardatit—VniiUxA  Bindor. 

Two  books,  in  quarto,  Tii., "  Qraduale  B 
"  Anti-phonarium  Bomanum." 


112        BiasiB,  H.  J.,  JZoffarAm- Bookbind^. 
Works  of  HogBith,  in  an  elegant  binding. 


13         Focor,  Db.  H.,  AMtUrdaM—lKtmiar. 
Speoimont  of  transparent  writing. 


11-1      8iCESBI£B,  J.  C,  Bolterdam — ManofactnrBr. 
A  bracelet  of  diamonds,  with  a  mvreabla  tom  and 

amethyst. 


NoBTHUiDSaoTsAsiAfl,  C.  7lT0  74;  D.  E.  65  lo  58 ;  F.  55,  6C ;   Q.  H.  I.  66  to  57 1  J.  55,56;  E.  S&ToS8i 

L.S6T057!   M:.H.66,57!   O.P.66to57;   Q.B.56i   8.55,56. 

If OBTH  But  Cehtkal  GuLtBT,  a.  H.  49  i  I.  49  TO  57. 


The  exLiliited  prodnctjona  of  Belgium  fuToish  it  very  oomplelc  view,  Dut  only  of  the  alate  of  maiiurBChiritig 
industry  and  the  induBtrial  arts,  but  also  of  the  materials  operated  upon.  The  latter,  which  include  the  first 
four  CiMseB  of  the  Exhibition,  are  coutributed  by  not  fewer  than  115  exhibitors.  They  include  mineral  fuel 
of  variona  kinds ;  metals  and  mctalliferoua  ores,  as  zinc,  lead,  and  iron ;  apecimena  of  whet  stones ;  and  a 
Tariety  of  chemical  preparations.  The  agriculture  of  this  country  is  represented  by  contributiona  of  hops, 
wheat,  barley,  &c,,  from  East  and  West  Flanders.  Among  the  articles  recosniacd  as  belonging  to  the  Third 
Class  are  some  specimens  of  Beljciaa  tobacco  in  leaf,  called  "  Wervicq."  The  chemical  preparations 
Alluded  to  include  coloura,  glue,  oils,  dyes,  Ac,  Flax  in  its  different  states  of  preparation  for  use  is  also 
exhibited.  Ban  ailk  of  native  growth  has  been  acot,  and  ia  represented  in  different  qualities.  Among  the 
machinery  are  many  interesting  and  important  contributiona,  constituting  tlie  largest,  in  point  of  site,  forwarded 
by  any  foreign  State.  After  examination  of  the  magnificent  engines  exhibited  on  the  British  side,  it  is  inte- 
resting locomjAre  them  with  the  same  powerful  machines  here  shown.  Aracmg  these  is  a  marine  engine,  of 
140-horBo  powOT,  and  aevcral  locomotives,  with  railroad  apparatus.  The  extraordinary  results  recently 
obtained  by  applying  centrifugal  force  to  the  purilication  of  sugar  receive  a  valuable  practical  illuatration  in  a 
patent  engine  exhibited,  which  producca  this  effect  M^toa  augar  in  the  loaf.  The  sugar  is  rendered  perfectly 
white,  and  free  from  impurity,  by  thii  apiiaratua.  Machines  employed  in  textile  manufactures,  carriages,  and 
agricultural  iinplementa,  form  likewise  an  interesting  feature  in  this  collection.  The  display  of  fire-arms  is 
large,  and  includes,  amon« others,  the  "needle"  gun,  presumed  to  have  great  precision  in  wee.  The  musical 
instruments,  philosophical  apparatus,  &c.,  also  should  receive  notice.  A  large  number  of  exhibitors  apjiear  aa 
representatives  of  textile  productions  in  Belgium ;  the  linen  manufacture  naturally  assuming  the  chief  promi- 
nence. From  Brussels,  as  might  be  expected,  a  beautiful  collection  of  the  finest  and  moat  coatly  lace  has  been 
sent.  The  lace  manufactures  of  other  towns  are  also  represented.  Some  of  the  beautiful  Savonnerie  carpets 
are  also  exhibited.  In  glass,  china,  and  mineral  manufactures,  the  spc«imena  exhibited  indicate  the  present 
state  of  those  arts  in  Belgium.  In  furniture,  the  articles  exhibited  are  principally  of  a  email  aixe.  A  large 
number  of  miscellaneous  objects  give  variety  and  extent  to  this  collection.  The  sculptures,  many  of  which 
are  placed  in  the  main  avenue,  will  be  reguded  with  much  intcresL  Upward*  of  500  exhibitors  appear,  on 
the  whole,  as  the  lepreaentativcs  of  Belgium  at  the  Exhib!tion.~~R.  E. 


2  Ottb,  Charlks  Joseph,  Vieltalm,  Luitmioaty, 

(Agent,  M.  CuyUti,  65  arseechurch  Stret-t.) 
Samples  of  hones,  rough  and  prqiared. 

3  LiMBEHTT,  Cbbistofub,  Viettaltii,  LuremhotHy. 

(Agent,  M.  Cuyhts,  55  GtBcocburch  Street.) 
Samples  of  bones. 

4  OFFKBOEi-n,  PiESRB  JOSEPH,  rialtalnt,  Laxfmiaarp. 

(Agout,  M.  CujUts,  65  Graoochurth  Street) 
Specimens  of  whet-atonea. 
[The  hones  of  Belgium  are  good  and  well  known.    A 


cflnsiderable  varie^  is  obtained  from  the  slaty  rocka  of 
the  Luxembourg,  available  for  many  purpoeea.  Uost  of 
the  whet-slone«  of  commerce  are  silicatos  of  alumina,  ob- 
taincd  from  mctamorphic  rocks.  They  ere  of  gmU  h»T<l- 
ncss,  of  light  green  oalour,  slaty  fracture,  and  generally 
associirted  with  clay  slates.— D.  T.  A.] 

5  CotBTn-DmicaT,  F.  J.,  Beririx,  Luxemionry. 
SpecimenB  of  slale-pencila,  nhat-stones,  and  roof'slating 

6  Bocifett  MS  HiTTs  FoTHyiuri  dx  PomriKiKct, 


BELGIUM. 


1151 


7  Soci6Ti  DB  LA  Noutelle-MojttjMUCB,  Termers. 
BpecimtxkB  of  grey  oxide  of  zinc,  and  sine  tiles  for 

roonng. 

Specimens  of  roofing  with  sine  tiles.  Sheet-zinc,  for 
di^snng  paper.  C^oodensed  sheet-zinc,  adapted  for  en- 
graTing. 

Sheet-zinc,  for  ship-sheathing.     Pig-lead. 

8  Db  St.  HUBEBT,  Ed.  Boumgnea^  Namur.     (Agent, 

M.  J.  Whestorp,  9  GkHjrge  Yard,  Lombard  Street.) 
Upper  and  nether  mill-stones.     Pieces  of  stone,  as 
samples  of  the  same. 


9  MoBDfOTr,  Jean  Baptistb,  Wierde^  Kamur.  (Agent, 
M.  CUylits,  55  Gracechurch  Street.) 

Pair  of  mill-stones,  for  grinding  com. 

[Bdgium  is  rich  in  mill-stones  of  fair  qualitj,  obtained 
generally  from  the  grits  of  the  older  geological  period, 
associated  with  coal  and  with  the  limestone  of  similar  or 
rather  older  date.  They  are  not,  however,  equal  in  quality 
to  the  French  huhr-ttones. — D.  T.  A.] 


10         Fallok-Pibox,  Jban  Baptistb,  Kammr, 

Block  of  black  marble. 

[The  black  marble  of  Belgium  exists  in  yast  quantities, 
and  is  well  adapted  for  rarious  ornamental  purposes.  It 
may  be  obtained  of  large  size  and  of  very  low  price.  The 
quality  of  the  marble  may  be  seen  in  yarious  specimens 
exhibited  both  in  a  rough  and  partly  polished  state,  and 
finished  articles  of  furniture. — D.  T.  A.} 


11        Elodt,  Fblix,  Kamur — Mining  Engineer. 

Specimens  of  safety-lamps,  large  and  smaU  patterns. 
Apparatus  for  introducmg  air  into  the  lamp,  and  dis< 
tributinff  it  around  the  flame. 
Key  for  shutting  the  lamps,  and  specimens  of  wicks. 


12  ToiTBBLLE-LoHBA,  E.,  Bonneville^  Namur. 
Belgian  kaolin,  or  China  elay,  for  the  manufacture  of 

fine  porcelain,  for  dressing  pai>cr,  and  for  the  manufacture 
of  blue. 

Black  earth,  of  first  quality,  for  the  manufacture  of 
crucibles,  fire-proof  bricks,  &c. 

The  same,  of  second  quahty,  for  the  manufacture  of 
pottery,  or  delft  ware. 

13  Petit,  FEBDnfAXD,  k  Co.,  AuveluUt  Namur. 

Specimens  of  coals  for  manufactures,  steam-engines,  and 
domestic  use. 

[The  Namur  coal  is  obtained  from  the  eastern  or  Liege 
division  of  the  Belgian  coal  district ;  the  area  of  supply, 
inclufling  nearly  6,000  acres  in  the  province  of  Xiunur, 
and  upwards  of  100,000  in  that  of  Liege.  Most  of  the 
coal  is  used  in  the  neighbourhood  in  the  various  manu- 
fiurtures  for  which  Namur  is  celebrated.  The  quality  is 
moderately  good. — D.  T.  A.] 


14    De  Gaitfieb  d*He8TB0T,  Baron,  Mallien,  Namur. 
Samples  of  Cliina  clay. 


15  Be  Ferbahe,  F.  &  L.,  Wierde,  Namur, 

Plastic  earth,  for  gas-pi^K^,  crucibles,  glass-house  pots, 
and  fire-proof  bricks. 


10     DE81IA3CET  DB  BiE9VE,  Viscount,  Oolzinne,  Namur ^ 
(Agent,  M.  Cuvlits,  55  Gracechurch  Street.) 
Black  Dolished  marble  pilaster. 
Four  Slabs  of  black  polished  marblo. 


17  La  Soci^t^  db  Yedbik,  Namur. 

Specimens  of  pyrites  (bisulphuret  of  iron). 
Specimens  of  galena  (sulphuret  of  lead). 
Specimens  of  lead  from  the  metallic  ore  of  the  Tedrin 


mme. 


18  Pbbabd  &  MnnETTB,  Couvtn,  Bouillon^  and  Liege — 
Iron-masters.  (Agent,  M.  Cuylits,  55  Gracechurch 
Street.) 

Specimens  of  iron  ore ;  pig-iron ;  bar-iron,  first  casting  $ 
strong  charcoal  bar-iron,  for  gun-barrels  and  hardware ; 
pud(&d  bar-iron,  for  fire-arms. 

Specimens  of  square  iron,  set  cold  and  hammered  i 
horse-shoes,  forged  cold;  piece  of  a  horse^oe,  bent  cold  i 
malleable  cast-iron;  charcoal  iron,  for  gun-barreU,  tvHHj 
tested ;  charcoal  puddled  cast-iron. 

[Most  of  the  iron  of  Belgium  is  of  excellent  quality, 
and  although  much  more  costly  than  that  of  England, 
comes  next  to  our  own  in  real  importance.  The  spodmens 
sent  for  exhibition  are  worthy  of  examination  as  good 
examples  of  the  quaUties  thought  necessary  on  the  Con- 
tinent for  the  construction  of  g^-barrels. — D.  T.  A.] 


19  Dbthibb,  Abistidb,  Tkeux,  Liege. 

Specimen  of  black  marble,  unpolished;  slab  of  tho 
same  marble,  partly  polished ;  vasee  of  the  same  marble^ 
polished. 

Specimen  of  ferruginous  zinc  ore ;  specimen  of  rough 
zinc  from  the  ore. 


20  Bbhb,  F.  L.,  Seraing,  XM^^e— Director  of  the  SocJM 

de  rEsp&tmoe. 
Specimens  of  bar  iron,  m  the  manufiiusturo  of  steel  i 
and  of  pig  iron  No.  1 ;  both  produced  firtmi  coke  in  tht 
cold  air,  

21  Bbixhb,  Emilb,  for  the  SocifeTft  Dx  Cobfhaub, 

AMheiHt  Liege. 
Galena;  zinc  ore;  blende,  with  galena;  galena^  with 
carbonate  of  lead;  pig  lead;  sheet-zinc;  specimens  of  sino 
nails,  for  roofing  and  ship-sheathing ;  grey  oxide  of  zinc, 
for  paint. 

22  C0MVA02f  IB  DES  MlNES  ET  FONDEBIES  DU  BlEY- 

BEBO,  MontzeUy  lAege. 
Specimens  of  ealena,  blende,  galena  and  blende  mixed, 
in  rough  ore ;  galena  and  blende,  in  various  states  of  pre- 
paration, from  the  ore  to  the  powder;  pig-lead,  made  from 
the  galena  of  Bleyberg. 

23  De  IIansez,  Theux^  Liege. 
Specimens  of  iron  ore. 

24  MuESBLEB,  Math lEr- Lou  18,  Liege — Mining 

Engineer. 

Safety-lamp,  invented  by  the  cxliibitor,  and  used  in  the 
mines  of  Belgium . 

Improved  safety-lamp,  of  the  same  kind.  The  improve- 
ment consists  in  the  division  of  tlic  Rmoke-oonsuming 
chimney  into  several  comi)artmentt«,  by  means  of  par- 
titions. 

[Tlio  Mueselcr  safety  lamp  lias  for  some  time  been  ex- 
tenttivcly  employed  in  the  Belgian  coal  mines,  and  has 
been  de*cribod  by  the  Government  Inspectors  of  Mines  in 
tliat  country  as  the  most  effectual  modification  of  the 
Da'V7  lamp.  The  flame  is  enclosed  within  a  tliick  glass, 
covered  by  a  metallic  gauge,  llie  air  required  for  com- 
bustion enters  through  the  gauge  and  dcBcends  the  glass, 
while  the  products  of  combustion  ascend  tlux)ugh  a  sheet 
iron  tube  surmounting  the  flame.  The  upj)er  jjart  of  tho 
lamp  is  defended  in  the  ordinary  way  and  a  cage  forms  a 
further  safeguard.  The  cliief  advantage  arises  from  tha 
glass  and  cage,  the  former  of  which  is  liable  to  be  broken 
either  by  water  or  an  explosion  within  tho  lamp.    Tha 


y 


1152 


BELGIUM. 


principal  advantage  is  tlie  greatly  increased  weight. 
When  clean  and  whole  it  gives  more  light,  and  is  safer 
than  the  Davy.  In  case  of  use  in  dangerous  places,  and 
when  dirty  it  is  probably  inferior. — D.  T.  A.] 


25    Lambebty  Bbothebs,  Stavelot,  Liege,     (Agent, 
M.  CuyUts,  56  Ghracechurch  Street.) 

Seventy  specimens  of  hones,  of  different  sizes  and 
quaUties. 

Two  specimens  of  whet-stones,  for  scythes. 


26  SocifeTfe  DES  Mines  et  Fondebies  de  Zino  db  la 

ViELLE  MoNTAGNE,  lAege.  (Agcut,  H.  F.  SchmoU, 
12  Manchester  Buildings,  Westminster.) 

Baw  ore,  in  the  piece,  and  washed.  Ore,  calcined  and 
ground.     Ore  and  charcoal,  mixed  for  the  fijmaoes. 

Raw  zinc.  Sheet  zinc  of  all  kinds,  for  roo&ig,  ship's 
sheathing,  paper-dressing,  household  utensils,  tin-smith's 
work,  &c.  Bars,  for  ship  nails.  Drawn  zinc,  for  nails  of 
all  kinds.    Brass. 

An  assortment  of  chemical  compounds,  made  of  zinc. 
Grey  oxide,  for  paint.     Cement,  for  boilers. 

[The  Vielle  Montagne  Mining  Company  has  long  been 
known  as  working  large  quantities  of  the  common  zinc 
ore  of  Belgium  (calamine),  and  introducing  the  metal  into 
this  country  at  rates  which  render  the  working  of  blende 
(or  sulphuret  of  zinc)  of  England  not  profitable.  The 
zinc  is  used  for  many  purposes,  as  well  directly  to  replace 
lead  and  tiles  in  roofing  and  covering  buildings,  &c,  as 
indirectly  to  supersede  partly  the  white  lead  of  commerce 
by  the  oxide  of  zinc  prepared  for  this  in  a  particular  way. 
Zinc  has  very  much  more  tenacity  than  lead,  and  is  very 
much  lighter  for  roof  work  than  slate,  tiles,  or  lead.  The 
zinc  made  by  the  Vielle  Montagne  Company  is  extremely 
pure,  containing  only  a  little  iron  and  some  traces  of  lead 
and  sulphur^ — D.  T.  A.] 

27  SocifeTfe  DES  HaTTts  Foijbneattx,  Chatelineau^ 

Hainault* 
Specimen  of  lump  ooal,  for  the  use  of  common  forges 
and  steam-engines.    Specimen  of  coal,  principally  adapted 
for  steam-engines. 


28    CoMPAONiE  Dr  Chabbokkage  de  Pont-de-Loup- 
SuD,  Font-de^Laupy  HainauU. 

Bituminous  coal,  for  domestic  use,  steam-engines,  &c. 
Dry  bituminous  coal,  fbr  burning  bricks  and  limestone. 


29  COMPAGNIE  DU  ChABBONNAGE  DE  BotTBIEB   (L.  J. 

Maitlaz  k  Co.),  Chdtelet,  Haina^U. 

Cannel  coal,  for  steam-engines,  domestic  use,  &c.  The 
small  coal  is  adapted  for  the  manu&cture  of  swords  and 
fire-arms,  hardware,  and  chemical  products.  Bituminous 
ooal,  for  steam-engineSy  domestic  purposes^  laundries, 
breweries,  &o^' 

30  DeLCOITBT,  AirrOINE,  for  the  SoClfeTfe  CHABBOKNiftBB 

DU  PoiBiEB,  Montigny-gur-Sambre^  Hainauli, 

Specimen  of  bituminous  pit-coal,  for  the  manufacture  of 
coke. 

31  QiriKET,  Stlvain,  Oiljy^  near  C%<frZerot— Director 

of  the  Coal  Mines  of  Gmeukaisin^  Deux-Fordts,  and 
Combles. 

Bituminous  coal,  of  superior  quality,  adapted  for  the 
forging  of  metals,  and  the  manu&cture  of  coke  for  metal- 
lurgic  operations.  Semi-bituminous  coal,  of  good  quality. 
Semi-bituminous  coal,  of  superior  quahty,  adapted  for 

Suddling  cast-iron,  rolling-mills,  iron-works,  wire-works, 
c.    Similar  coal,  adapted  for  flatting-mills,  distilleries, 
vugsr-refiners,  glass-makers,  &c. 


32  Watjtelet,  J.,  for  the  Chabbokitaoe  d'Oionies- 

AiBEAU,  CharUroi, 
Specimens  of  semi-bituminous  coal,  adapted  for  drying- 
houses  and  domestic  fiieL 

[The  Hainault  coal  occupies  a  surface  of  upwards  of 
200,000  English  acres,  and  includes,  as  will  be  seen,  both 
bituminous  and  anthracite  kinds.  There  are,  in  all, 
114  difibrent  scams  in  the  district,  the  greatest  expansion 
of  which,  near  Charleroi,  is  of  great  industrial  interest. 
There  are  three  distinct  kinds  of  coal,  viz.,  1st,  the  upper 
or  Henu  coal,  which  bums  easily  and  rapidly,  with  much 
flame  and  smoke,  and  is  adapted  for  steam-boilers  ;  2nd, 
the  middle  or  bituminous  coal,  well  adapted  for  coking 
and  for  the  forge,  and  also  for  domestic  purposes ;  and 
3rd,  the  lower  or  anthracitic  coal — friable,  contains  little 
bitumen,  but  bums  with  much  heat  and  very  slowly. 
The  workings  for  coal  in  the  Mons  district  are  carried  on 
at  considerable  depth,  the  upper  beds  being  1,000  feet 
deep.— D.T.A.] 

33  De  Basse,  Albebt,  for  the  Soci^t^  des  Mikes  db 

BOFTEBOY,  M0H8. 

Specimens  of  copper  ore  and  metal. 

34  Socifexfe  PiEE-ET-ViOLETTE,  Chartreute-lez-IAhge, 
Samples  of  coals. 

35  WotnrEBMAKS,  Josse,  sen.,  Molenbeek-St.'Jean, 

Brahawt, 
Several  specimens  of  varnish,  and  of  its  polishing  efiects. 
Specimens  of  azure-blue  and  mineral-blue. 


36    Vloebebghs,  — ,  JBrvsteU,    (Agent,  M.  Cuylits, 

55  Grooechurch  Street.) 
Specimens  of  lacquers  and  dyes. 


37  Cappellemaks,  J.  B.,  sen..  Debt,  &  Co.,  JBrusteU, 

Collection  of  chemical  products.  Collection  of  sheets 
of  glass  for  windows,  of  all  sizes.  Collection  of  bottles  of 
every  description,  large  and  small. 

38  Soci^T^  DE  Flobeffb,  Floreffey  Namur, 
Specimens  of  anhydrous  sulphate  of  soda ;  anhydrous 

carbonate  of  soda;  salt  of  soda,  a  combination  of  the 
preceding ;  impure  caustic  soda,  and  crystals  of  carbonate 
of  soda. 

[The  rock  salt  of  commerce,  and  granular  salt,  which 
consist  chemically  of  ehlorido  of  sodium,  are  the  prime 
sources  of  this  valuable  chemical  product.  Fomerly,  both 
soda  and  potash  were  obtained  by  burning  sea-weedi 
Soda  of  commerce  is  now  prepared  firom  salt,  by  mixing 
the  latter  with  sulphuric  acid,  so  as  to  form  a  sulphate  of 
soda,  in  a  reverberating  furnace.  The  siilphate  of  soda, 
or  saltcake,  is  decomposed  by  chalk  and  ground  coal, 
which  are  mixed  with  it,  and  is  then  exposed  to  a  high 
temperature.  The  mass  is  afterwards  washed,  and  the 
solution  purified  and  crystallized.  Carbonate  of  soda  is 
formed  by  heating  the  impure  alkali  with  sawdust,  or 
other  Carbonaceous  matters,  wasliing  the  residue,  and 
crystallizing.  By  an  ingenious  combination  of  processes, 
muriatic  acid,  and  bleaching  powder,  commonly  called 
clilorido  of  lime,  are  made  also  in  alkali  works.  Some  of 
these  establishments  are  among  the  most  extensive  of  any 
concerned  in  the  industrial  arts.  The  crystallizing  houses, 
in  connection  with  manufactories  of  this  description  in 
Great  Britain,  present  a  wonderful  and  interesting  spec- 
tacle in  the  long  rows  of  pans  and  masses  and  crystallized 
alkali  which  are  arranged  in  order  throughout  their  ex- 
ton  t.-^B.  K.J 


40   SocifeTt  Dr-aCi!*niio.f>*GSBETHAiTwFotJB!rBiiii 

B'Ol'aBtE.  OtH/ref,  Liegf. 

Sperimcnn  of  metallic  nolnim  for  p&inling  on  wood  anil 

BMak,  coiuutitigof  >  mill ureof  zinc  and  load,  or  of  their 


Coij)Eiis,  Vi?r  Rot,  Anitotrp. 


42    BiiAteEtnt,  TCroKBB,  OheiU.     (Agmf,  M.  CujUts, 
ib  Gracoohurrli  Strojt.) 
Spwimpiu  of  oemse,  or  wliiM  Lnd. 


44  Tardea  BokBS,  Jei»,  ITccte,  Brabant. 
Specimnu  of  winter  wheat. 

45  VimiKB  EuT,  Faistoia,  P™/*,  Snianl. 


4G  Tebhbtde!',  Eoibk,  DUb»cq,  Bi^Aanl. 

Sjiedmejw  of  red  wintor  wheat  and  winter  ije. 

47     LiaUB,  Adolmie,  Sedtn reriittPihtek,  BraiaiU. 
Specimeni  of  winter  wheat,  (ye,  and  tarlej. 

4fl       D'HrABD,  Baron,  Tillrmuml,  iMxtmbotirg. 

SpeciineQ»ofoats,]iorw-bainB,  aadtutk-whral, 

49  Van  Othkic,  Vcdr,  Brabant. 

Spedmena  of  buck-wheat  and  winter  barlej. 

fiO     P»B)iAJi«,  HlITBI  n\'idow),  Corbeet-Loo,  Brabant. 

Specimen*  of  wliilo  winter  wheat. 

51     D'UoLLiSBER,  JiCijfll,  Mofr:eke,  Eail  Flandert. 
Specimen  of  red  wheat  (erop  1850). 

?12    TiSBKS  Anssut,  Liosjird,  Appeli,  Earl  F/anderi. 
fipccimsni  of  gratt  ^crvp  165o). 


^4  IfniTSN,  AsTOiVE,  Loaeaia. 

Specimens  of  red  winter  wheat. 

55  MrarEKS,  Baron,  Oi/in,  Kamwr. 

BpcciiOFtu  of  wheat,  barW,  ryi>,  oali,  and  Tctehos. 


SB        DEMATnCLIN,— ,  Memncy,  iMttmiow^. 
Spadmen*  of  wheat,  ry*,  and  ^rlej. 


60        SroBBILiEGS,  — ,  Moertelcr,  Eatl  Flandert. 

SpMimmt  of  whit«  wheat,  red  wheal,  and  iroi  all  of 
crop  1850. 


;l  OoLLB,  — ,  iooteahulle.  East  Flaiulfrt. 

Specimens  of  wheat. 

2         De  nintUKCSB,  —,  Age,  jMrenbanrff. 
Specimen  of  spelt,  a  Bpnrica  of  wheat. 

i3      DmbtsBiIofis,  PoperinjAe,  Wert  Handtri. 

Specimens  of  iiops,  and  of  blue  and  white  pcoa. 


64    Deqihdt,  L.  (Widow),  Foperitgie,  Wett  Flaudert. 

Spccinieua  of  hopa. 

C5    Van  Mebieb,  MndamE,  Foperinglie,  Wut  Haadari. 

Specimeni  ofliops. 


67  FOXTAISB,  GCBTAVB,  BfVU*U. 

Specimen  of  soUdiQed  miU,  designed  for  the  lue  of  the 

68  DocQpm,  P.  J,,  &  P^ETS,  Sl-JomtmlfoodM, 

Brabant. 
Sponmeiu  of  potal<i-flour,  boiled  and  unbolted. 
Specimens  of  arnDtal^bUck,  in  coarse  and  Que  grain,  and 
in  (lowder. 


'0  Biu.iinii,  Eexbi,  Memu. 

Spoamens  of  tobacco  in  row  Icaf^  lued  chie£y  for  far- 
is  eoi[i|o_red  instead  of  snuff. 


7 1  PtirriEir,  — ,  Msiin, 

S[)ecimenB  of  ffiioff,  of  Tnrioiu  qualitka,  including  St. 
TinoenI,  Virgiiiia,  civet,  Pariij  Lillo,  Dutch,  TonkaJDuni 
kirk,  impalpable,  ile. 

Specimens  of  tobacco,  of  diflbrent  kinda,  incloding  Porto- 
Hico,  Mpniii,  Polish,  Maryland,  Wmiek,  English,  ke. 

Specimens  of  roll  lobuccjj,  of  difli^rent  kinds. 

72  Beoteu-io,  J.  B.,  iL  Co.,  Meain. 
Bpccimcm  of  «ouU",  including  Macouba,   Paris,  civet^ 

Bobilhird,  St.  ViiuvTit,  imgwJpabLe,  &r. 

Specimens  of  tobacco,  iiwloding  Ucnin,  Weniok, 
TannB«,  11  airland,  Ike, 

lubocco  in  rolls,  and  sanitary  enuJE, 

73 


Bocitis,  HrszBT,  4  Co. 
Specimens  of  blue  and  white  »ton-h. 


75     Pexb8,  Bbsbt,  Tlie  Clievaliiir,  UotieamB,  JTat 
Flandtr: 
Specimens  of  fortr-nght  spocio*  of  whni,  includbg 
Iho-u  of  Mont  d'Or.  fiengal,  EmI,  Oifonl,  Rham,  Ucjd^ 
biM-e,    Besumbla,   Pomerania,    Tneanroek,    MarinnoiHilik 
Scolland,   St.  U<!lena,   Hohitcin,  llautee-Alpcs,   OiLwa, 


(i  Bebeyt,  — ,  Rnmbrtr.  ICrtl  I7amUrt. 

SpeeiTncn*  of  barb^,  rye,  harico-beans,  red  and  white 

rhcat,  winter  oatr,  and  buiik-whoat. 

7  WlLLKMS,  — ,  Ilauflt. 

S|iecinHiu  of  wheat,  ric,  s]ielt,  barky,  oats,  anil  buck- 

rhi.'al ;  cropBoflSSU. 


B  Bi.TCJ>iUtBT8,  OtaTAVX,  Tiriemoat. 

8t)ccim«n  of  potato-Hour. 


1154 


BELGIUM: 


79  Yebsohaete,  Louis,  Tpret, 
Specimen  of  natire  tobacco. 

80  Lahousse,  Albsbt,  Wiervicq, 
Spedmen  of  natire  tobacco. 

81  Claub  k  Cabov,  Ohenl.     (London  Agents,  Van 

Notten&Co.) 

Specimens  of  candied  sugar,  of  yarious  qualities  and 
oolours ;  and  of  manufnctu^  sugars,  incluoing  crushed 
and  Inmp,  and  for  exportation. 

Patent  lump  sugar,  crystallized,  and  manufactured  by 
new  processes. 

82  Vbbcauteken,  Jean-Leon,  ZeUy  Ecat  Flanders. 
Specimens  of  native  linseed. 

83  EoELS  &  Co.,  Loheren, 

Specimens  of  prepared  flax,  from  Lokeren,  Mechlin,  and 
St.  Nicholas.         

84  Yandestbaeten,  Felix,  JBrtuseU, 
Specimen  of  oil  of  colsa,  in  its  natural  state.    The  same, 

purified  for  lamps.    Purified  linseed  oil,  for  paint. 

85  Claude,  Louis,  JBrvsaeU. 

Oil  of  colza,  purified  for  the  use  of  the  lamps  called 
Caroel,  Moderator,  &c 

86  I^S  Meytus,  Chablbs,  Foregt^  Brabant 
Specimens  of  raw  silk,  of  floss  and  spun  silk,  and  of  the 

cocoons  from  which  the  silk  was  drawn. 


87         Bissb^  Louib-Emils,  Anderlecht,  Brabant, 

Specimens  of  veiy  pure  oleine,  from  neats'  and  shceps* 
feet,  adapted  for  fine  wateh-work. 

Pure  animal  oleine,  from  horse^fSett,  adapted  for  large 
olock-work,  for  fire-armB,  and  the  manufacture  and  lubri- 
cation of  machineiy. 

The  same,  purified  by  a  new  chemical  process. 

Pure  yeffetable  oleine,  from  yegetable  oil  chemically 
purified,  aaapted  for  lubricating  looomotiyes  and  other 
railway  machmes. 

Pure  yegetable  oleine,  exhibited  as  a  specimen  of  purifi- 
cation by  the  new  process. 

.88        Lbclebcq,  FBAN9018,  Longehampy  Nanmr. 
Spedmens  of  fiax,  steeped,  peeled,  and  refined. 

89  JoBABivAuBBEBT,  Dinant, 
Specimens  of  ^^lae. 

90  Dxgbaevb-Delfobtbbis,  Gheluwe,  WeH 

Flanderg, 
Specimens  of  peeled  flax,  whitened,  and  of  green  flax. 

91  YEBOBinrBSB,  Henbi  &  Dominiqub,  Conrtrtn, 
Specimens  of  oil  of  oolza,  common  extract;   of  the 

same  purified  for  ^amps  ;  and  of  the  same  for  caroel 
■lamps.  

93  BiHEi;  HuBEBT,  Huf^ 
SpedmenB  of  glue. 

94  Hansotte-Delloye  H.  G.,  Eujf, 
Specimens  of  glue. 

95  BOBTIEB,  PiEBBB,  Adinkerke,  WeH  Flanders. 
Specimens  of  mineral  manure :  natiu^  shells  reduced 

to  powder ;  the  same  calcined  to  a  dark  red ;  the  same, 
impregnated  with  sea-wator,  and  ivduved  to  fine  powder. 
Xime  m>m  sheUs ;  the  same  slacked  with  sea-water. 

90  Latiolette,  De  Moob,  Bmget. 

Peeled  flax,  steeped  green,  from  the  district  of  Bruges, 
crop  1850.    English  mark  lY. 


1 


97  Stbubbe  k  Bacet,  Bruges.     (Agent,  M.  Cuylits, 

56  Qraoechurch  Street.) 
Specimens  of  oak  bark,  called  "  Poperiiighc  twigs." 
Specimens  of  oak  bark  from  young  trees  in  the  enri* 
rons  of  Bruges,  called  "  Young  tree  bark." 

98  Daytd  k  De  Bob,  Antwerp. 
Specimens  of  peeled  fiax. 

99  Bbiebs,  Jos.  sen.  Antwerp. 
Specimens  of  glue,  manufactured  by  steam. 

100  Keusenb,  P1EBBE-FBAN901S,  Antwerp. 
Specimens  of  copal  yamish,  for  carriages  and  house 

decoration.  

101  Yandbbbchbieck  Bbothebb,  Antwerp. 
Specimens  of  artificial  wool. 

102  *  Yebhelst,  FBAN9018,   Orembergen^  Fast 

Flanders. 
Samples  of  raw  hemp,  crop  1850 ;  and  of  peeled  hemp 
from  the  same.       

103  Yan-Riet,  Piebbe  Jean,  Moerseke,  Fast 

Flanders. 
Samples  of  raw  hemp,  crop  1850. 

104  Debxedt  k  Ca  Zele^  Fast  Flanders. 
Samplds  of  peeled  flax ;  and  of  flax  dried  with  linseed, 

crop  1850.  

105  GiLTA,  Jean  Lahbebt,  Appels,  Fast  Flanders. 
Samples  of  raw  hemp,  grown  in  1850. 

106  Yan  Hoet,  Simon  Piebbe,  Samme,  Ecut 

Flanders. 
Specimens  of  peeled  flax. 

107  Yanbogaebt,  Joseph  Benoit,  Grembergen,  East 

Flanders. 
Specimens  of  peeled  flax  and  hemp,  crop  1850. 

108  Yebstbaeten,  Emile,  Ghent.  (Agent,  M.  Cuylits, 

65  Gracechurch  Street.) 
Specimens  of  animal  black. 

109  SOENBNB,  Edwabd,  the  Cheralier,  Swgnaerde^ 

East  Flanders. 
Fleeces  of  raw  wool,  produced  from  sheep  raised  at  the 
Agricultiiral  Exhibition  of  1841,  at  Swynaerde-lez-Gand. 
Yam  from  the  same  wool  combed.     Specimens  of  the 
same  wool  spun  by  hand. 

110  Seohebb,  Bebnabd,  Ghent.    (Agent,  M.  Cuylits^ 

55  (Gracechurch  Street.) 
Specimens  of  animal  black. 

111  Dbpotteb,  Ajcand,  Andenarde. 

Skeins  of  raw  silk;    cocoons {    specimens    of   colza^ 
coyered  with  cocoons. 


112  Be  CoNiNcnc,  Auouste,  Ghent. 

Specimens  of  white  and  yellow  cocoons  of  the  Chinese 
race,  produced  in  the  silk  factory  at  St.  Denis  Westrem- 
lez-Gand.  Specimens  of  the  skeins  of  these  cocoons,  and 
of  the  thread  and  ribbons  of  the  same. 


113  Yebbeeck,  Philippe- Jacqueb,  Grembergen,  East 

Flanders. 
Specimens  of  dried  flax  with  linseed ;  and  of  yery  fino 
peeled  flax,  crop  1850. 

114  Yan  Wielb,  Jean-Baptibte,  Grembergen^  East 

Flanders. 
Specimens  pf   flax  steeped  in  stagnant  water,    crop 
1850;  of  the  same  peeled;  and  of  yam  of  the  9«ni«» 


BELGIUM. 


1155 


115  D'Haesb,  Benoit,  Zeley  East  Flanders. 
Specimens    of  flax  steeped   in  stagnant  water,    crop 

1850 ;  and  of  the  same  dried  with  linseed. 

116  Dexan,  Pierbe,  Si.'Josse'ten-Noodet  Brabant. 
.  Specimen  of  carriage,  called  a  "  Cab-phaeton.'* 

117  MouTHUT,  Albebt,  Brussels. 
Specimens  of  engine-straps. 


118  Joxes  Brothers,  Brussels. 
Specimens  of  carriages — a  double  calash ;  cab  phaeton, 

with  steel  before  and  behind  ;  brack  for  ]X)nic8 ;  buggy, 
manufactured  for  Bombay,  Calcutta,  and  Batavia. 

119  CocKERiLL,  John,  Seraing^  lAege. 
Specimens  of  grey  pig-iron,  grey  bar-iron,  and  white 

bar-iron. 

Specimens  of  puddled  iron  prepared  for  rarious  pur- 
poses, hammered,  hardened,  and  made  into  steoL  Piece  of 
an  axle-tree  for  waggons.  Bar  of  iron  for  the  tires  of 
railway  carriage  wheels,  &c. 

An  expansive  and  condensing  steam-engine  of  140- 
horse  power,  adapted  for  vessels  having  moveable  paddle- 
wlicels  for  the  navigation  of  a  river  witxi  strong  and  shal- 
low currents. 

A  locomotive  engine,  with  jointed  carriage,  for  heavy 
trains  to  run  on  railway  curves  of  small  radius.  Diameter 
of  cylinder  16  ins.,  stroke  of  piston  24  ins. 

A  high-pressure  steam-engine  of  16-hor8e  power,  with 
yertical  cylinder,  adapted  for  numufacturing  purposes. 

A  smul  high-pressure  engine,  3-horse  power,  with 
tabular  boiler,  for  watering  gardens  and  conservatories. 
Diameter  of  cylinder  4f  ins.,  stroke  of  piston  12  ins. 

Model,  one-fourth  of  the  real  size,  of  a  machine  for 
facilitatinff,  without  danger  or  trouble,  the  ascent  and 
descent  of  miners.  Diameter  of  cylinder  18  ins.,  stroke 
in  ascent  and  descent  ISi  feet. 


120  Socifexfe  DE8  Hafts  Fourneaux,  UsnrKB  et 
Charbonnages  de  Marcinelle  et  Couillet, 
CouUlety  Hainault. 

A  railway  lofomotivo  enjEnne  and  tender.  Diameter  of 
the  cylindtTs  10  ins.,  stroke  of  piston  24  ins  ;  diameter  of 
the  («ix  cou])led  wlict^ls  each  3  feet  9  ins. 

Ventilator  for  minw,  workshops,  theatres,  Ac.,  con- 
structed on  the  system  of  Fabry. 

A  pair  of  cylinders  for  locomotive  engines,  in  the 
rough  oatdt  state  as  tliey  came  from  the  foundry. 

Specimens  of  semi- bituminous  coal,  used  for  domestic 
purpows,  enginivboilers,  forges,  kc. 

S|)et'imens  of  railn,  tires  for  locomotive  wheels,  bars  of 
iron,  sheet-iron,  iron  sleepers  for  railways,  round  bar-iron 
for  fluted  cylinders,  and  nails  of  ten  diflcrent  countries. 


121        Vax  Akex,  Corneille-Benoit,  Antwerp, 
A  four-wheeled  carriage. 


1 22  Tax  Akex,  P.,  &  Sox,  Antwerp. 

A  carriage,  called  "  Cabriolet  cluiise." 


123  JorvE,  Lorifl,  Molenheek-St.-Jean,  Brabant. 
Patent  double  fire  and  safety  ladder. 

Patent  circular  frame,  for  knitting  articles  in  wool,  flax, 
cotton,  and  silk. 

Patent  forcing  and  suction  pump. 

124  Van  Ooetuem,  Victor,  Lemhecq,   Brabant. 

(Agent,  M.  Ciiylits,  55  Gracechurch  Street.) 

Patent  centrifugal  a])paratus,  for  purifying  and  whiten- 
ing lump  sugar. 

Patent  centrifugal  ap|)anitus,  with  two  alternate  drums, 
for  purifying  raw  sugar,  Ac  Similar  machine  with  one 
drum. 


125  HouTET,  ArousTE,  Brussels. 

Models  of  macldnes  for  cleansing  and  purifying  rice 
and  barley  ;  of  an  aerating  mill ;  of  a  machme  for  ]Me]ing 
raw  coflee  ;  and  of  a  steam  chimney,  with  interior  tube  to 
apply  the  heat  of  the  discharged  steam  to  warming  the 
injection  water  of  the  boilers. 

Preserved  articles  of  food  for  exportation,  yix.,  rioe» 
Italian  pastes,  semola,  ground  and  pearl  barley,  starch, 
sea  biscuits,  &o. 

126  Yandetin,  Feed.,  Brussels.     (Agent,  M.  Cuylits, 

55  Gracechurch  Street.) 
Patent  weaving  machine. 

127  Kessels,  Herman,  Brussels. 

Patent  machine  for  moulding  20,000  bricks  per  day. 
Model  of  safety-machine. 

128  Trottpin  Brothers,  Verifiers. 
A  shearing  finishing-machine. 

129  Fetu  &  Deueob,  lAege, 
Specimens  of  cards  for  spinning  wool  and  cotton. 

130  Hotttthaeve-Straoierb,  —,  Boulers. 
Specimens  of  metallic  combs  and  plates,  for  wearing. 

131  Debeaxtne,  Ulric,  Antwerp.    (Agents,  Poole  & 

Carpmael,  4  Old  Square,  Lincoln's  Inn.) 

Patent  moistening  machine,  for  all  kinds  of  com  and 
seeds. 

Patent  cooling  accelerator,  for  the  grinding  of  com. 

Patent  atmospheric  regulator,  for  purifying  the  air  of 
rooms,  and  assisting  the  draught  of  chimneys  and  Tenti- 
lators,  &0. 

132  MERTEir,  Charles,  Gheel^  Antwerp, 
Patent  parallel  iron  vice,  in  yarious  sizes. 

133  Tan  Mierlq,  Adrien,  sen.,  Antwerp, 
Machines,  invented  by  the  exhibitor,  for  making  combs, 

for  grinding  cocoa,  for  weaving  fringes,  and  for  weaving 
laces. 

134  SocifeTfe  DF  Pufeync,  Ghent.     (M.  Bmggeman, 

Engineer  and  Inventor.) 
Knitting-frame,  with  new  motion  by  the  exhibitor;  and 
lielicoid  thrashing-machine. 

135  GouDEAU,  Charles,  Alost. 
Apparatus,  invented  by  the  exhibitor,  designed  to  replace 

the  present  method  of  &iing  the  yam,  and  of  weaving  by 
the  treddles.  This  apparatus  is  constructed  for  plain  and 
figured  fabrics,  diaper  and  damasked  linen,  with  small 
harness  for  making  sutin. 

13G     Zaman  &  Co.,  St.'Josse'ten-Noode^  Brabant. 

Specimens  of  ^mvcment  from  Quenast,  and  of  polished 
poq)hyry. 

1 37  Van  Esschen,  NAPOLEOK-GriLLAUiiE,  Molenbeeh* 

St.'Jean^  Brabant. 

Model  of  a  patent  iron  bridge,  size  40  feet  long  and 
3  J  feet  \*ide ;  designed  to  support  a  load  of  17,000  lbs. 

Specimens  of  tubes  made  of  sheet -iron,  for  bridges  and 
tunnels. 

■ 

138  SioE.v,  Joseph,  Ghent. 

S|K>cimens  of  laths,  made  of  the  brown  oak  of  Belgium, 
for  (filings. 

S|)ecimen  of  a  trunk  of  an  oak  tree,  divided  into  laths. 

139  Jansen,  Adolpue,  Brussels. 
Spechnens  of  duuble-barrcUcd  guns.     Guns  of  Tarious 

calibres,  with  barrels  by  Bernard  and  Leelerc. 

Double-barrelled  carbines,  with  barrels  of  cast-stee^  and 


1166 


BELGIUM: 


Leclerc*8  without  soldering;  for  conical-pointed  ball. 
Single  •barrelled  carbines,  of  fSkme  construction. 

^Teral  pairs  of  pistols,  in  cases,  with  barrels  of  cast- 
steeL 

Ornamented  Turkish  sabre,  with  damask  blade. 

Cutlas,  with  damask  blade.    Hanger,  in  incrusted  steeL 

Patent  pistol,  for  shooting  without  powder. 

Patent  index-target,  for  the  use  of  pistol  practice,  show- 
ing  by  numbers  how  it  has  been  touched  bj  the  balls. 
The  same  smaller  size,  for  gallery  practice. 

140  HsNBABD,  M.  J.,  Namur. 

Patent  percussion  rifle. 


141  RBiTKnT  Bbothsbs,  lAege. — Manufacturer. 

Collection  of  sinsle  and  double-barrelled  percussion 
fowling  pieces  ;  single-barrelled  flint  guns  for  the  colonies 
and  coast  of  Africa ;  muskets  of  difierent  prices,  qualities, 
and  models ;  military  rifles  ;  "  &  tige,"  ana  conical  balls ; 
caTaby  holsters  and  pocket  pistols. 

142  BoTAL  Cannon  Foijndet,  Director  Mr.  C.  Fr^ 

dericx.  Colonel  of  Artillery,  lAege,     (Agent  in 
Ijondon,  M.  Cuylits,  55  Gracechurch  Street.) 

Cannon,  Prussian  model,  rough,  made  of  cast-iron  ;  the 
same,  KeUierland  model.  Short  Belgian  model  piece. 
Battery  piece,  rough  cast  iron.  Light  howitzer,  Belgian 
model.  Besting  mortar,  Belgian  model ;  and  two  testing 
globes  for  the  same.  Bombs.  Eccentric  howitzer  and 
round  shot.  

143  Ancion  k  Co.,  iMge,     (Agent,  M.  Cuylits, 

55  Ghnicechurch  Street.) 
Double  and  single  barrelled  guns.    Muskets,  fowling- 
pieces,  and  guns  for  exportation.     Portuguese  and  cayaliy 
carbines.    Duelling,  cayaliy  and  pocket  pistols.    Various 
plain  gun-barrelB. 

144  Thonet,  J.,  lAege — Manu&cturer. 

Gim  ornamented  with  gilt  silyer. 
Pair  of  Scotch  inlaid  pistols. 


145 


Lepage,  — ^  lAege,    (Agent,  M.  Cuylits, 
55  Gracechurch  Street.) 
A  oolleotion  of  ornamental  arms,  consisting  of  double- 
barrelled  guns.    Biflea.   Hobter^pistols,  DueUing^pistols. 
Pocket-pistols,  &o. 


146  PLOHSEirB,  Nicolas,  lAege — Manufi&cturer. 
Gun,  ebon^  stock.   Pair  of  pistols,  ebony  stocks.   Four 

English-fashioned  guns.  Gun,  Le&uoheux  system.  Pair 
of  **  Scotch,'*  ivory  stocks.  The  same,  double-barrelled. 
Miniature  pistols,  with  case.  Pair  of  locks.  Six-bar- 
lelled  pistoL    Drawing-room  pistoL    Gxiard  for  a  gun. 

147  MALHEBSii,  Loins,  lAege — Manufacturer. 
Double-barrdled  fbwling-pieoes,  percussion  and  flint 

systems.  Various  highly  ornamented  single-barrelled 
guns.  Various  single-barrelled  guns  sjkl  rifles.  Pocket- 
pistols,  singlQ  and  cbuble  barrelled^  Duelling  and  cayaliy 
pistob. 

148  Lbdent,  Mathiet,  iw^*— Manufacturer. 
Patent  locks  for  military  and  ornamental  fire-arms. 


149  DouTEEWE,  Francois-Joseph,  JUege — 

Manufiicturer. 
Patent  gun  made  after  the  needle  system,  loads  at  the 
breeclu 

150  Beknimoun,  Nicolas,  k  Bbotheb,  Ueg^-^ 

Manufacturers. 
Double-barrelled  gun,  loads  at  the  breech.    Five  guns, 
damasked,  English  style.     Pair  of  duelUng-pistols,  with 
ebonj  stocks*    Two  pair  of  Delvigne  pistols. 


151     Laedenois,    Nicolas    Csablss,   lAege — Manu- 
facturer.    (Agent,  M.  Cuylits,  55  Ghraoechurch 
Street.) 
Bifle,  with  accessories,  Swiss  style.     Double-bairelled 

gun  highly  chased.    All  the  pieces  of  this  gun,  with  the 

exception  of  the  barrel  and  lock,  were  executed  by  Mr. 

Christian  Lenders. 


152  TiNLOT,  Jean-Michel,  HerHal,  Liege — 

Manufacturer. 
Double-barrelled  gun,  with  caryed  stock ;  style  Louis 
XV.  

153  Dbhottsse,  Lofis,  Liege — Manufiicturer. 

Case  containing  a  pair  of  dueUing-pistols  with  carred 
ebony  stocks,  and  accessories ;  likewise  a  pair  of  miniature 
pistols  with  iyory  stocks.  Double-barrelled  gun  with 
accessories,  Turkish  damasked  barrel,  English  stocky 
mountings  highly  chased. 

154  Falisse  k  Tbapman,  lAege — Manufacturers. 
Gun  and  rifles,  needle  system.    Series  of  nipples.    Mo- 
dels for  military  arms  and  fowling  pieces.     Models  for 
percussion  caps  for  fowling  pieces,  ko.    Models  of  gas- 
burners. 

155  ToiHEiET,  Htacinthe,  Liege — Manufacturer. 
Double-barrelled  gun,  work  of  art.    Double-barrelled 

rifle,  feather  trigger,  with  accessories,  yeiy  accurate. 
Double-barrelled  gun  (bright  barrelled).  A  pair  of 
chased  pistols.    Pair  of  dueUing  pbtols. 

156  Geoetaebs,  Captain  J.  B.,  Anitoerp — ^Inyentor. 
Patent  instrument  for  measuring  inaccessible  distances  { 

principally  for  the  use  of  military  and  nayal  men. 

157  Nett,  Adolphb,  Gheni — Designer. 
Drawings  showing  the  plan  of  an  artillery  battery,  for 

firing  at  once,  either  directly  or  obliquely,  applicable 
to  fhgates  and  ooast  batteries. 


158  MONTIONY  k  Fttsnot,  JBruneU. 

Three  infimtry  guns,  new  system  by  the  exhibitor. 


159  DrroiTB,  — ,  Neu/hilles^  ScUnauU^liiTeaior. 
A  patent  plough, 

160  Denis,  Jean  Baptiste,  St,  Leger,  Ltueemhamrg — 

Inyentor. 
Patent  ploughs. 

161  Lb  Doote,  Hbnbi,  Lenxe^  HatmutU^lavmUxr, 
Patent  branch  hoe. 


162  Vxbbist,  Ettobne,  Nivellee,  Sra5«tt<— Inyentor. 
Plough,  called  "  toume-oreille.*' 

163  Claes,  Paul,  Lembeeq,  J9ra5<mf— Inyentor. 
Improyed  Scotch  seed-bag.  Articulated  cast-iron  roDer. 


164  SCUEIDWKILEB,  MiCHEL,  Si.'Joste4m'Noode,  Bnt» 

bani — Inyentor.     (Agent,  M.  Cuylits,  55  Grace- 
church Street.) 
MiU  for  agricultural  seeds  on  a  moyeable  waggon. 

165  BOKESENNE,  Antoine,  Srpeni,  Namur — 

Inyentor. 
Plough  with  double-head.    Moyeable  haorow. 

166  DrcHENB,  Jean  Joseph,  Atche-en-HifltH^  Namnr. 
Chums  and  buckets. 


167  Train,  Bebnajld,  if«y. 

Winnowing-machinie  for  com. 


BELGIUir. 


1167 


168  Van  Maele,  Edouabd,  ThieH. 

Patent  double  plough  for  light  soils.    The  same  either 
for  heayy  or  light  soils. 

169  ODBTHfl,  jEAy-MATHiEU,  Marliune^  Lmb(mrg. 
Single  and  double  plough. 

170  Bebckmans,  Jean  Fbancois,  Blaetvelty  Anttoerp, 
Improved  Flemish  plough. 

171  D'O^fALirs-THiEBT,  G-.,  &  Sons,  JjtthUne,  lAege, 
Improved  ploughs  and  hoe. 

172  TALfeRiFS,  Benoit,  Brus9eU, 
Theoretical  and  practical  treatises  on  the  manufacture 

of  iron  and  cast-iron  in  Belgium. 

1 73  Von  Schendei^  P.,  Brussels.    (Agent  in  London, 

M.  Cuyhts,  65  Gracech^^vh  Street). 
Model  of  descriptive  geometry  for  the  demonstration  of 
perspective.  

174  Bekden,  R,  &  Co.,  JBruaeli, 
Gabinet-pianoforte  in  rosewood. 

175  Mahillon,  Charles,  Brussels, 
Connterbass,  violoncello,  bugles,  ophjcleide,  trombone, 

horn,  trumpets,  comet-^-piston,  clarionet  mouth-piooe. 

176  Jastbzebski,  Felix,  Brussels. 

Upright  pianofortes  ;    inlaid  ebony ;  carved  rosewood 
and  maple  wood. 

177  Dabche,  Claude-Francois,  Brussels. 
TiolinB,  after  the  models  of  Straduarius,  Guamerius, 

and  Amati    Violoncello,  on  the  model  of  Straduarius. 
The  same,  with  six  cords. 


178         I)e3«anet,  C.  a.  J.,  IxelleSf  Brabant. 

Machine  for  transforming  alternate  movement  into  a 
continual  circular  movement. 


170      YERnASSELT-D'OUTRELEPONT,  F.,  BruSSCls. 

Patent  liarmonium  melo<liuni  for  churches.  The  same 
for  drawing-rooms.  Patent  double  piano-harmonium, 
capable  of  bemg  soimratcd  at  pleasure. 

180  Stebxbero,  Louis,  Brussels. 

Cabinet-pianoforte  with  triple  string,  in  Amboyna  wood. 
Another  of  the  same. 


181       VOOELSANOY,  FRANCOIS- J ACQFES,  BruSSels. 

Patent  grand-pianoforte  in  rosewoo<l,  patent  upright- 
pianoforte  in  rodcwood,  v^ith  regulating  movement. 

182  OfeBABD,  AxToixE- Joseph,  Liege. 
CompaM  for  dividing  circles.     Alarm-bells.     Sclf-flup- 

plving  i)en.     Mo<lel  of  an  in^tnlme^t  for  meusuriug  dw- 
tancets.     All  these  artidw  are  jMitented. 

183  De  HE.VNArLT,  J.  B.,  Fontaine-VEceque, 
Moveable  telescope,  with  fixed  leveL 

\^\  L  ATI  ME,  Alexandre,  SoignUs. 

8perta<lo  gln!*>H^  fnjni  No.  G  to  tlie  highest  number. 
A('tux)matic  magnifying  glattses.  The  sumo,  common 
spectacles  for  short-lighted  persons. 

185  Lambert,  G.,  Mons. 

Model  of  patent  mining-ladder.  Patent  compass,  with 
fixed  level  for  mining  or  field  oiKTations. 

186  Aebtb,  F.  G,,  Anttcerp.     (Agent,  M.  Cuylit?, 

55  GnuHH'hun'h  Street.) 
Patent  grand-pianoforte,  with  oblique  strings,  rosewood 


187         Chakpaone,  Donbtibnnbb,  SainamU. 
Mechanical  fore-arm. 


188  Deppafx,  Jean-Baptibte,  Brussels. 
Pianofortes  in  the  style  of  Louis  XV.,  and  cabinet- 
pianofortes. 

189  Be  Bast,  Cahillb,  Ghent, 
Bleached  and  unbleached  calicos. 


190  Canttn-Nimeoeebs,  Benaix. 

Cotton  checks.    Madras  handkerchief. 


191         Be  Behault-Bucabhois,  J^rmonde. 
Cotton  bed-covers. 


192  Be  Cutpeb,  Jsan-Fban^ois,  8t.  Nicolas. 
Conunon  cotton  checks.     Bouble  and  triple  warped 

cotton  checks.  Cotton  check  tickings.  Doubled  warped 
£Emcy  cotton  checks.  Checks  and  stripes.  Checks  and 
stripes,  double  warped.  Gala  plaids,  cotton  wazp.  Plain 
and  coloured  gala  plaids.    Woollen  shawls. 

193  Janssens,  Be  Beckeb,  St.  Nicolas,     (Agent  in 

London,  M.  Cu^lits,  65  Ghraoechuzch  Street.) 
Flannels  and  gala  plaids. 

194  SiMONis,  IwAN,  Verviers. 
Specimens  of  cloth  and  woollen  stufb. 

195  Biollby,  Fbancois,  &  Sonb,  Verviers, 
Specimens  of  cloth  and  woollen  stuflb. 

196  BiTBOis,  G^BABD,  k  Co.,  Termers. 
Specimens  of  winter  stufls  for  trousers.    Beaver  and 

othor  cloths  for  paletots.  Black  kerseymeres  for  summer 
use.  Mixture  for  winter.  Specimens  of  fiibrioa  ibr 
summer  wear. 


197  SiBTAiNE,  Francois,  Verviers. 
Various  pieces  of  cloth  and  kerseymeres. 

198  DoRET,  LEONARD,  Vcrviers. 
Specimens  of  different  coloured  woollen  cloths. 

199  PiRENNE  &  DuESBERO,  Verviers. 
Specimens  of  kerseymeres  and  beaver  cloth,  black,  blue, 

green,  brown,  grey,  and  olive. 

200  PiRON-TniMiBTER,  Francomont,  lAege, 
Kerseymeres  and  zephyr  cloth. 

201  Olivier  k  Co.,  Verviers. 

Silk  and  woollen  Hvery  cloth;  double-warped,  Asia 
blue,  and  Asia  bronze. 

202  SxoECK,  C.  J.,  llerve^  Liege. 

An  assortment  of  zephyr  clotli,  fine  cloth,  and  wooUen 
kertk^meres  of  various  colours,  yellow,  black,  blue,  bronxe, 
scarlet,  Ac.  

203  Beheselle,  A.  J.,  Thimister^  Liege, 
Pieces  of  flannel  and  dumet. 


204  XnoFTBAY,  Clement,  k  Co.,  Bolhain-Limiourg, 

Liege, 
Worsted  yam  for  plaids,  tweeds,  fine  flannel,  tartan 
shawls,  Ac.  

205  Vandebbtbaeten,  A.,  k  Co.,  Liege. 

An  assortment  of  woollen  stufls  and  kerseymcrei. 


20 G     B*IIoNT,  Jean,  Boulers.    (Agent  in  London,  M. 
C*uyhts,  55  Ghtuxxhiuvli  Street.) 
Specimens  of  satin,  chine  and  embroidered. 


1158 


PELGIUM. 


207  METDEPENNiNOEy,  GusTAVE,  Antwerp,     (Agent, 

M.  Cuylits,  55  Graoechurch  Street.) 
Silk  for  laoes,  for  sewing,  and  for  fringing. 

208  DoBBELAEBE-HuLiN,  Ohent.    (Agent,  M.  Cuylits, 

65  Graoechurch  Street.) 
Specimens  of  unbleached  linen,  spun  and  woyen  by 
hand ;  and  of  sail-cloth. 


209  Ameye-Beete,  R.,  Ghent. 

An  assortment  of  flax  sail-cloths ;  flax  linen  for  sheets  ; 
linen  for  bleaching  and  dyeing ;  specimens  of  fine  linen ; 
all  woven  by  steam  power. 

210  Ptn  &  Vait  Pelt,  TamUey  East  Flanders, 
Samples  of  hemp  yam. 

211  WiLEORD,  W.,  Tamise^  East  Flanders. 
Samples  of  sail-cloths. 

212  CoOTLEUAVy  A,  J.y  Mebecq-Ba^non,  Brabant. 
(Agent,  M.  Cuyhts,  55  Gracechuixsh  Street.) 

Samples  of  Hnen  thread  for  lace. 

213  Vebcbtttsse,  Febdinaih),  Deerlych,    West 

Flanders. 
Eaw,  retted,  and  heckled  flax,  crop  1850.    Thread  and 
piece  of  linen,  from  the  same  flax.    Boilers,  with  separated 
disks. 

214  Vebbiest,  p.,  Courtrai, 
SpeoiiQenB  of  coloured  quilts. 

215  Van  Acksbs,  Jean-Constant,  Wevelghenty 

West  Flanders. 
Extra-fine  linen,  warp  of  double-twisted  thread,  woof 
single,  spun  by  hand.  Unbleached  linen,  spun  by  hand. 
Handkerchiefs  of  mixed  linen,  power-loom.  Unbleached 
oambric  handkerchief.  Lawn  handkerchiefs,  flax  in 
▼arious  states  of  preparation. 

216  Beethblot  &  BONTE,  Cowrtrai. 
Specimens  of  flaxen  thread,  made  by  hand. 

217  Ptr  Jabdin,  Constant,  Courtrai.    (Agent, 

M.  Cuylits,  55  Ghracechurch  Street.) 
Specimens  of  white  and  damasked  napkins.   Table-doth, 
with  portrait  of  the  King  of  the  Belgians. 

218  I>B  Bbabandebb,  Piebbe-Fbancois,  Courtrai, 
Bleached  and  uinbleaohed  power-loom  linen.    Bleached 

and  unbleached  mixed  linen  tick.    Dyed  hnen  handker- 
chiefs. 

219  Van  Cost,  Piebbe,  Eooglede,  West  Flanders, 
A  piece  of  linen. 

220  Thibau-Acoou,  Iseghem,  West  Flanders, 

A  piece  of  bleached  linen,  spim  and  woyen  by  hand, 
haying  7,000  threads  in  the  warp. 

221  Deoock-Wattbelot  &  Baudoitin,  RouUra, 
Strong  bleached  and  unbleached  linen,  yarious  sorts. 

Orleans,  plain  and  figured.    Alpacas,  plain.    Paramattas. 

222  .    PabmenTIEB,  P.,  Iseghem,  West  Flanders, 

(Agent,  M.  Cuylits,  55  Gracechurch  Street.) 
Pieces  of  fine  unbleached  Unen  of  6,000,  7,000,  and 
8,000  threads  in  the  warp.    White  cambric  handkerchiefs. 


223    Demettlenaebe,  Eugene,  Moorslede,  West 

Flanders. 
Beeds  of  linen  thread,  spun  by  hand,  yarious  qualities. 


225  Van  Npffel  k  Coteliebs.  Antwerp.     (Agent, 

M.  Cuyhts,  56  Gracechurch  Street.) 
Canyas  for  painting,  oil-cloth,  and  wax -cloth. 

226  La  Commission  Administbatiye  de  la  Maison 

DE  Cobeection  de  St.  Bebnard,  Antwerp. 
Pieces   of  white  Kussian   and    cream-coloured   linen. 
Striped  and  checked  Gantes  and  Brabantcs.     Pieces  of 
dowlas.     Double  Bayensduck.     Sheetings.     Striped  and 
checked  Listados.     Duck  and  yarious  other  linens. 


227  Mabtnen-Vues,  J.,  Turnhout.   (Agent,  M.  CuyUts, 

55  Gracechurch  Street.) 
Linen  tick,  prepared,  and  as  it  comes  from  the  loom. 

228  Haeoens,  Chablks,  2^ley  East  Flanders. 
Samples  of  hempen  sail-cloth,  made  by  hand.     The 

same,  made  of  waste  hemp. 

229  BoNGikEBTS,  — ,  Antwerp. 

Bags,  without  seams,  made  on  the  hand-loom.     Game- 
bag.  

230  Socifeife  LiNi&BE  Gantoise,  Ohent. 
Specimens  of  tow  and  linen  thread.     Grey  Lokesen 

twist.    Yellow  Courtrai  twist. 


231  Moebman-Yanlaebe,  Ghent. 

An  assortment  of  sail-cloths  and  linens.  Bleached 
Eyerdocks.  Coletas.  Bleached  Bussias.  Specimens  both 
in  flax  and  tow. 

232  De  Smedt-Bbeckpot,  Alost, 
An  assortment  of  unbleached  linens. 


224  Habtog  Bbothebs,  Mechlin. 

Pieces  of  Bussian  linen. 


233  Dommeb,  T.,  Alost. 

A  yariety  of  cambric  handkerchiefs.  Napkins.  Table- 
cloths. Specimens  of  fine  unbleached  linen.  Unbleached 
napkins,  with  crests.  White  and  coloured  blinds.  Yarious 
coloured  carpets.  

234  Eliaebt-Cools,  Alost, 
Thread  for  sewing  and  knitting. 

235  Cumont-Declebcq,  Alost. 

A  collection  of  white  and  coloured  sewing  thread,  of  a 
yery  superior  quaUty.    The  same,  conunon  quaUty. 

236  Cobnblis-Van  Oyebloop,  J.,  Tiele^  East 

Flanders. 
Sail-cloths,  of  difierent  quahtiee  and  sixes. 

237  Gk)EN8,  L.  J.,  Termonde, 

New  flat  hemp  cables.  Flat  yrire  cables,  presenred  by  a 
new  m^hod  from  oxidation. 


238  Bosteels-Geebinck,  J.,  Zele,  East  Flanders. 
Various  pieces  of  sail-cloth. 

239  Deboubaix,  IIenbi,  Courtrai. 
Samples  of  figured  tick,  all  linen.     Unbleached  linen. 

240  Lemaibe,  Dsscamfs,  &  Plissabt,  TounuU. 
Stuff's  for  trousers,  in  linen  and  cotton,  mixed.    The 

same,  in  cotton  and  wool,  mixed. 


241  GiLSON  &  BossUT,  Toumai. 

Samples  of  cotton  stufis  for  trousers,  plain,  fancy,  and 
dyed.  Samples  of  cotton  and  linen,  mixed,  for  trousers, 
plain  and  fancy.  Samples  of  wool  and  cotton,  for  trousers 
and  paletots,  plain  and  fancy.  Samples  of  plain  linen 
fabrics. 

242  Libnabt-Chapfaux,  Widow,  Tbumai. 
Cotton  and  linen  stufis,  for  trousers.    The  same,  linen 

and  ootton.     The  same,  wool  and  cotton.     Wool  and 
cotton  mixtures  for  clothing. 


BELGIUM. 


1159 


243  Vbbhulst,  De  Royofe  &  Co.,  BnuteU,    (Agent, 

M.  Cuylits,  55  Grracechurch  Street.) 
Yarious  specimens  of  common  cotton,  diin^,  and  satined 
checks.     Common,  satined,  and  silk-satined  jaconet.    Su- 
perfine and  silk  satined  crarats. 

244  Catteaux  Brothebs,  Brussels, 

Fabrics  for  trousers,  in  cotton,  linen,  wool  and  ootton 
mixture,  linen  and  cotton,  cotton  warp,  and  linen  woof. 

245  CATTEAUX-GAUQinfe,  Courtrai. 

A  large  assortment  of  stuffs  for  trousers,  including  fine 
and  mixed  cotton  cloths,  kerseymeres,  figured  mixtures, 
prunellas,  ererercens,  ribbed,  plain,  and  figured  stocki- 
nettes, &c.  Also  linens  and  cambrics,  Siamese  and  swan- 
skins, handkerchief,  &c. 

246 — 250     Petit-Noel,  — ,  Lerouoe,  — ,  Demttte- 

NAEBE,  M.,  DuJABDiy,  L.,  AND  TSBBEIN  &  Co., 

MoMscronf  West  Flanders, 
BtuSh  for  trousers,  in  cotton,  wool  and  cotton,  and  linen 
and  cotton.  

251  Schelstbaete,  Louis,  Courtrai, 

Cotton  stuffs,  and  cotton  and  linen  fabrics,  for  trousers. 

252  Vandenhebohe,  Jean,  Courtrai, 

Cotton,  wool  and  ootton,  and  cotton  and  linen  fabrics, 
lior  trousers.  

253  HoTJDnf  &  Lavbebt,  Brussels, 
Varnished  calf-leather  for  boots  and  shoea. 

254  Taiixet,  Vincent,  Brussels, 
Specimens  of  boot  legs  and  boot  fronts.     Polished  calf- 
skins.    Grey  calf-skins.    Calf-skin,  prepared  for  polishing. 
Calf-skins,  for  spinning  factories.    N  eat*8  leather,  prepared 
for  Tarnishing.    Varnished  calf-leather,  for  carriages. 

255  Van  Molls,  Eoidb,  Assche,  Brahani, 
A  plough-horse  collar. 

250      LADOUBfeE-LE  Jeune,  Cir.,  Brussels.     (Agent, 
M.  Cuyhts,  55  Oracechureh  Street.) 
Specimens  of  hamor«9,  saddles,  bridles,  martingales,  &c. 
Samples  of  ciuried  leatlicr. 

2.57  Hanssens-IIap,  lllvorde^  Brabant. 

Sijccimens  of  Htulls  for  furniture.  Fumisliings  for 
chnirs,  sofu:},  6ic.  Ini])rovcd  horHO-hair  daniaifked  furni- 
ture Htuils,  botli  sides  alike.  Hors»e-liair  stuiHt  for  caps. 
lIon>e-hair  stuflV,  damasked,  Mitineil,  &c.,  for  furniture. 
Damsiiked  linen,  nai)kin8,  and  tuhle-clotliA.  Specimen  of 
\ery  su|>erior  uai)kins,  with  cn'>tf«.  Varioui*  qualities 
of  table  linen.  Desert  naiikins,  with  fringes.  Un- 
bleaelifd  breakfu.-^t  table-i'lotliK.  Snni])les  of  briiitles, 
prepared  and  bleaclied  f<jr  {Niinting  brushes. 

2."»8  Weber,  Geobges,  Brufunls. 

Assortment  of  purses  and  cignr-cases. 


2.'i0  Weinkxecht,  Brussels. 

Fur  drawing-room  carjiots.     Fur  cloaks.     Ornamented 
foot-htooU. 

2»>0        Fasbendek,  Herman- Joseph,  Brussels. 

Patent  vamuhed  cow-skin.     Black  t*kin  for  harness  and 
bridles.     Velluw  skin  for  bridles. 


2t>l  LoMBAER,  Jette-St-Pierre^  Brabant, 

Vaminhed   culf-ttkins   for   boots   and   shoes, 
coloured  skins. 


Various 


202       BArciiAr-I)E  Dar^,  Auuroise,  Samur, 

Tannixl  skins  for  soles  and  pump  leathers.     Assortment 
of  skins  of  various  qualitict. 


263  CABF-FfevBiEB,  FBAN9018,  Kamur, 

Collection  of  shoemakers*  materials,  consisting  of  boots 
of  various  descriptions,  buskins,  shoes  of  improved  make, 
and  articles  of  the  same  kind  for  ladies. 


264  Tboostenbebohe,  DisiBfe,  Bruges, 

A  pair  of  shoes,  vrithout  seams. 

2<>5  Somz^-Maht,  Henbi,  Liege. 

Brushes,  for  personal  and  domestic  use.  Bruahee,  made 
of  various  materials,  for  the  use  of  the  stables,  &c.  Samplee 
of  bristles,  horse-hair,  and  other  artioles,  used  in  the  maDU? 
factiure  of  brushes. 


266  BouvY,  Alexandbb,  Liege, 
Orej  and  pohshed  calf-skins. 

267  Masson,  Chablbs,  ffug. 
Leather  used  bj  shoemakers  and  coal-miners. 

268  SoHzfe,  junior,  Xie^tf. 

Brushes  for  cleaning  cannon.    Patent  broom,  for  cleui« 
ing  windows. 

269  Vanstbaelen,  Joseph,  ffasselt. 

Gentlemen's  and  ladies*  saddles.    Complete  set  of  til- 
bury harness.        ^ 

270  KiSTEifAECKEBS,  H.,  Antwerp. 

Various  kinds  of  horse-hair,  for  sieves.    Dyed  horse- 
hair. 

271  Van  Altetnnes-Schocmbl,  Xo«i»,  15>f«#. 
(Agent,  M.  CuyUts,  55  Qraoechurch  Street) 

Ox-hides,  for  soles.    Bosettes,  for  harness  and  shoe* 
makers.    Calf-skins.    Bark. 


272  DusAUCQOiT,  Edouabd,  Ghent. 

Dyed  and  prepared  cat-skins,  to  imitate  sable.  An  as- 
sortment of  dyed  cat  and  rabbit  skins.  Gloves  made  of 
rabbit  skin,  raw  and  prepared.  Drawing  of  a  martlimA  fbr 
preparing  leather. 

273  Hesnault  &  Bbotheb,  Ghent. 

Dyed  and  tanned  rabbit  and  goat  skins.  Dyed  and 
prepared  dogskins. 

274  Vaxdenbos-Poelman,  Qustare^  Ghent, 

Pair  of  varnished  ralf-lcather  top-boots.  Pair  of  shoot- 
ing-boots made  of  Russian  leather.  Waterproof  boots  for 
fishing  and  sniix!  hhootin;;.  Shooting-shoes  and  gaiters. 
Varnished  calf-leather  hall-boots. 


275  Castebman  &  Sons,  Toumau 
A  collection  of  ])riuted  books. 

276  IIayez,  Mabcel,  Brussels. 

Books,  including  AnnuairederObservatoire;  Memoires 
de  rA<*a(U'mie;  Bulletin  dc  1' Academic;  Traite des Fone- 
tions  EUiptiques,  Theorie  des  Probabihtcs;  Dictionnaire 
Universel  des  Poids  et  Mesures ;  Annales  de  rObscrva- 
toire ;  Bulletin  de  Statistique,  Xouveuux  Memoires  dm 
rAcademie  ;  Clirouique  Beiges  iiuklites,  kc. 


277       Bbiard,  Jean-IIknki,  Ijcelles,  Brabant. 

Specimens    of    Bibles    and   New    Testament.      Bible 
printed  on  Cliinese  i>aiKT. 


278  Pauent,  F.,  Brussels, 

Bivort's  Album  de  Poniologie,  containing  written  and 
illustratiHl  descriptions  of  the  most  remarkable  and  valu* 
able  fruits. 


279  Lesione,  TiifeoDOBE,  Brussels. 

Books:    Statistique  generale  de    la  Population  de  U 
Bi-lgiquc }  and  Statistique  agrioole  dc  la  Betgiqua. 


1160 


belgiuh. 


280  Zegelasb,  Elie,  Brussels. 

Yarious-ooloured  sealing-wax. 


281  Tabdip,  ErafeKE,  Brussels,     (Asent,  M.  Cuylits, 

55  Gracechurch  Street!) 
Letter  envelopes. 

282  Wesmael-Legbos,  Adolphe,  Namur, 
Boman  miaftftla  and  breriarj,  printed  in  black  and  red. 


283  Henby,  Peepete,  Dinant. 
Printing  pasteboard^.     Specimens  of  card  paper. 

284  GoDiK,  J.  L.,  &  Sons,  Hut/.     (Agent,  M.  Cuylits, 

55  Gracechurch  Street^ 
A  collection  of  papers. 

285  HAyiCQ,  Piebbe-Joseph,  Mechlin. 

Books  of  the  Boman  Liturgy,  printed  in  red  and  black. 

286  GLfeNTSSON  &  Vait  Gekechtek,  TurnhouU 
Marbled,  plain,   coloured  and  fancr  papers.    Prints. 

Playing-cards.        '_ 

287  Ldiebs,  a.  J.,  Brussels. 

Turkey  red  yam,  and  plain  calicoes,  in  Turkey  red,  and 
fast  colours.  

288  BiETEKS,  Jeak-Baptiste,  Brussels.    (Agent,  M. 

Cuylits,  55  Gracechurch  Street.) 
Printed  shawb.    Scotch  caohemeres. 


289  Vebhulst  &  Co.,  Brussels. 
Spedmens  of  printed  calicoes. 

290  Tbbbeyt,  Jacqfes,  Brussels.     (Agent,  M.  Cuylits, 

55  Gracechurch  Street.) 
Plain   and    printed  corahs.      Handkerchiefs  of   rich 
patterns.    Coroed  "  pong^''  handkorchiefk.    A  silk-satin 
drese.  

291  Sebtais,  Jeai7  Baptiste,  Louvcdn. 
Blue  cotton  and  linen  fabrics,  shaded  in  the  dye. 


292  Thibau-Sbttb,  PiEBBE,  7jw?yA«»>  TFJ?*^JF7aiKfer#. 
Power-loom  coloured  cloths,  for  the  making  of  blouses, 

ladies*  robes,  and  paletots,  of  reiy  fine  texture. 

293  Dewbweibke,  Joseph-Josse,  Ohent. 
Specimens  of  printed  caUcoes.    Skins  dyed  and  printed. 

294  YooBTMAy,  Abbaham,  Ohent. 

Pieces  of  printed  calico,  for  shawls,  handkerchiefs,  and 
furniture.  

295  Sebtaxs,  M.  F.  Al4>8t.     (Agent,  M.  Cuylits,  56 

Gracechurch  Street.) 
Printed  cotton  stufi^,  for  neck  and  pocket  handkerchief, 
and  other  purposes. 

296  YxBDUBfe-BEBGE,  Chables  Mabtht,  Toumtd. 
Yelyet  imitation  carpets  of  mixed  fabrics,  representing 

the  arms  of  the  ancient  prorinces  of  the  Netherlands  and 
various  allegorical  designs. 

297  MAjnjPACTtrBE  Boyale  de  Tapis  de  Toubkai. 

■  Directors,  Oyebman  and  Deletigkb,  Toumai. 
(Agent,  M.  B.  A.  Grantoff,  4  Lime  Stieet,  City.) 
Specimens  of  carpets :  washable  and  imitation  Smyrna 
carpets ;  Wilton  carpets,  &c. 

298  PoLAK,  Mile.  Flob^,  Brussels. 
Designs  for  lace. 

299  Vakhaelen,  "Widow,  Brussels. 
Imitation  Brussels  lace ;  a  scarf ;  a  short  veil ;  a  man- 
tilla shawl ;  collars ;  flounces,  9  yards,  and  4  yarda  and 


a  half  in  length,  respectively  ;  a  bertha;  a  pair  of  sleeves; 
a  parasol ;  pieces  of  lace ;  a  mantilla ;  head-dresses. 

Scarfs,  pelerine,  and  handkerchief  appUcation  of  Brussels 
lace.  

300  Lemaieub-Detige  k  Co.,  Brussels.     (Agent,  M. 

CuyUts,  55  Gracechurch  Street.) 
An  assortment  of  laces,  trimmings,  fringes,  &c.,  for  fur- 
niture.   

301  Rot,  C.  FsAyijois,  Brussels. 
Specimens  of  point  lace,  needle-worked. 

302  Melotte,  Eugene,  Brussels.   (Agent,  M.  Cuylits, 

55  Gracechurch  Street.) 
A  flag,  presented  by  EUs  Majesty  the  King  of  the  Bel- 
gians to  the  Boyal  Choral  S<X!iety  of  Mehul,  Brussels. 
Embroidered  by  the  exhibitor. 

303  Van  Halle,  Joseph,  Brussels. 

Church  ornaments,  ornamented  with  gold,  and  set  with 
precious  pearls.    Albs  in  Brussels  lace. 

304  Atelieb  de  Notbe  Dahe,  Brussels.    (Agent,  M. 

Cuylits,  55  Gracechurch  Street.) 
Brussels  lace,  guipure  and  point  work. 


305  Delehaye,  — ,  Brussels. 

Specimens  of  real  net  lace : — A  scarf  of  worked  point 
lace.  A  flounce  of  the  same.  A  small  veil  and  a 
bertha,  in  cushion  work.  A  band  in  point  (needle) 
work. 

Specimens  of  tulle  : — ^A  flounce,  bertha  and  collar,  in 
point  (needle)  work.  A  handkerchief  and  bertha  in 
cushion  work. 

306  JoBEZ,  Louis,  jun.,  Brussels. 

A  large  oU-cloth  carpet.  Oil-cloths  for  passages,  and 
for  carria^.  Common  oil-cloths.  Soft  oil-stufis.  Table- 
cloths, prmtod  and  gilt.  Tafietas,  gum,  glazed,  and  black. 
Waterproof  clotlis,  highly-flnished  clcais  of  the  same; 
himting  overalls.  Cow-skins,  tanned  and  dressed  for 
hoods.  Enamelled  calf-skins;  the  same  for  boots  and 
shoes,  and  for  saddlery.  Cow-skins  for  graining  and  vax^- 
nishing.  Black  enamelled  sheep-skins,  and  of  various 
assorted  colours.  Glazed  papers  for  ornamental  pur- 
poses.   

307  Stooquabt  Bbothebs,  Orammoni. 
Articles  of  black  silk  lace  produced  by  machinery  and 

by  hand.  A  square  shawL  Two  lialf  shawls  of  point 
lace.  Lace  scarfs.  Ornamented  mantilla,  veils,  and 
bertha.  Parasols  plain,  mounted,  &c.  Lace  head-dresses 
and  lappets.     Edging  for  lace  trimmings. 

Articdes  in  blond  white  silk,  produced  by  machinery 
and  by  hand : — A  half  shawl  of  point  lace.  Parasols, 
veils,  head-dresses,  berthas,  of  various  descriptions. 

A  bonnet  foimdation,  representing  the  capture  of  the 
city  of  Grammont  in  the  thurd  century. 

Articles  in  white  thread  laoe,  produced  by  machinery 
and  by  hand : — A  small  veil ;  a  bertha ;  head-dresses ; 
and  lappeta.  

308  Kaeltjeks,  GiriLLAUSfE,  Brussels. 
Brussels  lace  and  guipure ;  exhibiting  the  application 

of  point  lace  and  guipure  work. 


309  Beallieb,  Emma,  Brussels. 

A  lace  pocket-handkerchief^  in  point  needlework,- wholly 
of  linen. 

310  Heusschen-Van-Eeoxhoudt  &  Co.,  Brussels. 
Lace  articles  in  point  needle  work,  point-de-vcnise,  and 

nand  net-work.      

311  BoBTT,  Louis,  Brussels. 
Lace  in  BrusseU  applioatioii  and  guipure* 


312  Tajtbebkiiobs,  T*k  OrEBixwp,  Si.  OUIa, 

hant,      (Ai^cTit,    U.   Cbarlwood,    38    Culeimm 
Stn-et,  Citj.) 
Bniuela  boo. 

313  VurDEBEELi^'BBEeso!!,  BmneU.     (Agent,  IS. 

Cujlifs,  55  Gracocliuich  Street.) 
Application  kce,  point  Mechlin,  guipure,  and  Brasiols 
lUck  lace.  

31 4  Dni»TOS  BBr>TAi'T  i  Co.,  BnufU  and  Yprtt. 
Spivimena  of  Talencimnes  Inre,  and  of  Bnusels  lace. 

31  5      YUTDBBSUI^BEN,  PbOSPER,  KH.,  Bnuiell.      (AgHlt, 

U.  Cuylili,  55  QranKhurch  Street.) 
Specimoiu  of  real  and  imitalion  BnuwU  lace. 

316   DBMBJfXE,  SoPUiE,  Bnuiell.   (.^genl,  M.  Cuylils, 
55  Orncechureh  Stnwt.) 
BniMch  lace  in  needle  and  curtain  work. 


317  Be  JABCiN-LiMiiEiis,  Bmtieli. 

Cunhion  in    taportrj',   raii>eil    work,  ornamffliled   with 
pearls  on  a  silk  ground.     Cushion  id  raised  work,  on  silk 

Kiiad.  Another  in  icphTr  wool,  worked  in  rotej  and 
rc«.  Greek  «!>%  embroi'dered  in  gold  and  silk  ;  with 
■tan  and  anhesques,  in  a  row  patti-TTi,  and  of  ■  auiwrBne 
'mBt4rriaL  Lamp-mgs,  kniltt'd  in  wool  and  chenille,  and 
in  rosea  and  wrealha.  A  pair  of  slippers  worked  in  mo- 
■aie-gold  embroideiy  i  another  cmlitoidered  m  gold,  silk, 
■ml  wool,  sprig  pattern.  A  pair  of  braeei  worked  in 
crochet,  with  silk  and  wool ;  and  anothiT  in  needle-work, 
■with  (ilk  and  cold  Ihrends.  A  picfiiru  embroidered  in 
Ebenille,  silli  and  gold.  Purwi  worked  in  crochet,  flne 
void  and  *ilk.  A  pair  of  flrc-screcna  worked  in  croehel, 
■n  silk  and  gold. 


31B  WUHKB,  F.,  sen.,  BntMKli. 

Specimens  of  tulle,  Brussels  ncl,  maile  from  British 
koe,  Iwiit,  No*.  36,  400,  430,  SOO,  and  S30. 


:tl9  B  11,1.0X1- A.XCE,  L.,  BruiieU. 

Ijicc  trimming,  Seotch  dress  shaded  oUtb.  Blaok  lace 
drew.  Scotch  buttons,  &c.,  of  rarious  kinds,  colours,  and 
lattemn,  Cordings,  Bramlcburf;  Spanish  point.  Block 
■ilk  knots.  While  bullous.  Amprimn  dress.  Buttons 
of  Tarious  kind*,  in  wool  and  silk,  TdsscIh.  Knotted 
rords.     Harie-Loutsc  drcu  trimmiugii  in  gohl  and  silver, 

Two  gold  Ta«es. 

Vnriou*  omanients.  Fine  silver  fancj  lace.  A  flower- 
baikct  of  knilled  wool,  &e. 


32fl  Tiii.iHii,  Oeohoei,  Brvitrln. 

Model  of  a  new  arrangcmenl  of  designs  for  the  manu- 


rJ'JI  KtEB.IKRT  SlBTEBil,  BriUlfJl. 

\  square  slunl  of  blaek  Uec.  Trimmings  of  a  drosF. 
two  llouiiec*.  A  TciL  Lodic*  polclol  and  siKvimcos  of 
set,  aod  of  point  laoc 


'.Vi-i     nzsMEDT,  Widow,  Suvrfghrm,  Weil  Flinilrri. 

Speciniena  of  mnbric  handkerchief*.     Aluslin    builds, 
collara,  and  slntn. 


bleached  liuen  cloth. 


Becc  a  So;i,  Coartrai, 
of  A'sli'tieirnnca  lace.     A  piece  of  huul-ipun 


DniACWK-PEEt,  Jkjis,  Coarlrai. 


320        Beernaebth  A  Decctfebe,  Covrtmi. 
Specimens  of  yalenciennes  laee,  made  at  Courtru. 

327  Tuf  STBiELEX,  Madame,  Brugei. 

Specimens  of  Valenciennes  huw,  and  laoe  eoUuv. 

32S  BouseoH,  Db  Tt-tEonEBE,  Brnga. 

Flounces  for  ladies'  dresses  in  Flanden  guipure  Ibml 

329     Dartetelle  k  Mocthocbt,  Brutteh.     (Agent 
M.  Cujlils,  55  Oracochurch  Street.) 
An  BMOrtment  of  embroidered  tullea. 


330  TOIXEMIBBS,  THEBI8I,  Bnt^n. 

Specimens  of  lace. 

331  PlTEBNOEITKE,  Loutaiw. 

Specimens  of  pictures,  &c,,  of  scriptural  nibjeota  ei 
culod  in  tlie  Gothic  ttyW 


332  IfOEL,  — ,  Zoueaia. 

Specimens  of  military  accoulroments  in  wool,  canairt- 
ing  of  epaulettes,  countei^pauleWes,  Ac  Specinioiu  of 
superior  aocoulrements  of  the  aame  kind,  subalteni  offieera 

Specimens  of  similar  accoutremants  for  citj  police,  and 
for  artiUciy,  infiinlry,  and  earalrj  officerm, 

Speeiinuns  of  hiees  of  various  dMoriplione :  gold,  wonted 
and  gold,  in  thread,  worsted  and  cotton,  worsted.  SOrer 
aiguulcHc*.    Coasler-cpauletlce,  embroidered,  Ac 

333  Tah  Kiel,  Sistebs,  MeeAlm.     (Agent,  H.  Cuyliti, 

65  Oiacechurch  Street.) 
Specimens  of  Malines  or  Ui<chliD  lace. 

334  BEHENaiHTS,  Alexaitdke,  AnlKvr^. 

A  flounce,  Icn  jarda  in  length,  embroidered  on  fine  net, 
in  imitation  of  real  Uce-work.  A  scarf;  bertha,  head  drem, 
and  sleeves,  of  the  same  &brio.  A  pocket  handkerehief  of 
real  cambric,  ifitb  embroidered  edge  of  fine  net,  also  in 

iuiilHtionciflacc. 


,35     Paqpet,  StABiE,  Aalicvrp.     (Agent,  Jl,  Cuvliti, 
55  Gracw'hurcU  Slreot.) 
8]iceimen»  of  iinilution  Inoc 

:)C  WiLi,  Meter,  i  Co,,  Aidrrrp, 

A  lulle  dress,  with  flouners,  embroiderod  in  crochet  hy 

37  lUusiEiKATn,  PiEHEE  IIkshi,  Tprtl. 

Specimens  of  Vslmcicnncs  lace,  made  at  Tptea. 


338     BoKNEN,  FuiHiMoxD.  Yprti.   {Agent,  M.  Cuyllta, 
65  Oracechurch  Slivi-l.) 
Specimens  of  A'alcncienucs  Uee,  made  at  Tpres. 

!;i'J     Vis  Loo,  E,  J.  A  ¥.,  OhtKl.    (Agent,  M.  CujUts, 
65  Graceehurch  Strecl.) 
A  shawl  of  black  silk  Brussels  lace,  apptiquie. 


S|>ecimen>  of  llouun-<,  i 


341    niECK.IaiOELLE  TuEUEiJE,  Drilelbtrgit-lex-Oktitl. 
Ijiiv  reil,  Brussels  nppliqnee,  on  a  ground  of  reel  not. 


342  Fkeiio\t,  LoriB,  Wellrm. 

Tahle-clollis  of  niiicd  fabric,  worsted  and  cotton  ;  also 
Milanese  tuhlc-clolhH,  in  colours  i  ol hers  of  worsted  and 
iiitton,  on  a  black  ground,  snd  of  pure  wool 

Orienla]  tspeitrr,  portiirei.  Woollen  rugs,  in  sorcn 
i-olour*.  Osmhric  muslins,  brocaded,  ninkeil,  and  em- 
liroidered.  Point  lace,  vlul«  damaaki,  balh  clotlis,  nap- 
kins, ias. 


1162 


BELGroM. 


343  Van  NiEUWEKBOBa  Bbothers,  Lokeren. 

QreY  felt  hats ;  shom-nap  hats  ;  silk  hats,  with  canvas 
and  felt  bodies  ;  hats  for  the  mihtarj,  clergy,  &c. 

344  Anchiaux,  Jos.,  Lokeren. 

Felt  hats  for  the  military,  for  the  clergy,  and  for  the 
upper  classes ;  shom-xiap  hats  of  various  qualities. 

345  Vau  Beneden-Bbuers,  BrusseU.     (Agent, 

M.  OuyUts,  55  Gracechurch  Street.) 
Specimens  of  corsets,  without  seam. 

346  Tan  Beneden,  Widow,  Brussels. 
Specimens  of  corsets,  without  seam  ;  of  cotton  fabric, 

which  can  be  laced  quickly.      Corset  made  of  a  satined 
mixture,  Ac.         

347  Jacquot,  FBAir90is  Brussels. 
Specimens  of  miUtary  felt  and  beaver  hats.    Flemish 

felt.     Silk  hats,  of  superfine  and  common  quality.     Grey 
felts  for  settlers.    Hat  models  and  blocks. 


348  HsaiiE,  Chables,  Brussels.    (A^ent,  M.  Cuylits, 

55  Gracechurch  Stroetl) 
An  assortment  of  kid  gloves. 

349  Bsbgeb,  Madame,  Brussels, 
Specimens  of  corsets. 

350  Deketelaebe,  — ,  Bruges. 

A  complete  collection  of  sabots  (wooden  shoes). 

351  LitvAiN,  Louis,  Mechlin, 
An  assortment  of  felt  and  silk  hats. 


352  MoNNOTEB,  PiEBBE  JosEPH,  Namur. 

Table  knives,  mounted  in  silver,  and  dessert  knives. 


353  Dbion,  EinLE.  Oosselies,  Hainault. 
Samples  of  iron  nails,  forged  by  hand. 

354  Lefebvbe,  Victob,  &    Co.,    Che/cq-lez-Tournaiy 

Hainault.     (Agent,  M.  Cuylits,  55  Gracechurch 
Street.) 
Nail-pins ;  the  same,  for  shoes.     Pegs  and  sparables  of 
iron  ;  the  same,  for  glaziers.     Kivets. 

355  Vandebcameb,  Jacques  Auofste,  Brussels. 
(Agent,  M.  Cuyhts,  55  Gracechurch  Street.) 

Yases  of  luunmercd  zinc,  with  ornaments,  cast   and 
chased. 

356  Puissant,  F.,  Court- St.-EUenne^  Brabant. 

An  iron  apparatus,  adapted  for  the  use  of  dealers  in 
bullion. 

357  Gob,  Jacques,  Brussels. 

A  strongbox  of  iron,  with  double  doors  ;  the  outer  one, 
being  let  down,  forming  a  writing-desk. 

358  SiEBON,  Louis,  Brussels. 
Specimens  of  naih. 

359  Mathys,  Jean,  Brussels.     (Agent,  M.  CuyHts, 

55  Gracechurch  Street.) 
A  strong  box,  of  new  construction,  in  the  form  of  a 
buffet  t.  Double-cased  iron  cscrutoiro.  An  open  stove, 
of  polished  steel,  with  gilt  ornaments,  in  the  style  of 
Louis  XY.  A  drawing-room  stove,  mounted  in  pohshed 
steel,  with  gilt  ornaments  and  consoles.  A  furnace  on  a 
new  principle,  with  double  oven. 

3G0     Dubois  &.  Co.,  Acii,  Molenbeek,  St.  Jean-lez- 

Brussels. 
A   mantelpiece.      Group    for   a   time-piece.      Paper- 
presses.     Candlesticks.     A  cigar-holder,  and  wax-tapers ; 
mkstand;  chandcher;  candelabra;  seal,  ewer,  and  spittoon; 
all  made  of  copx)crod  zinc 


361     De  Bavat,  Paul,  Brussels.     (Agent,  M.  Cuylits, 

55  Gracechurch  Street!) 
Samples  of  nails,  called  pointes  de  Paris^  manufactured 
from  iron,  zinc,  brass,  and  copper. 


362  Mabchal,  DfesiBi,  Ixelles-lez-Brussels. 
Specimens  of  laminated  iron  sleepers,  with  cast-iron 

chair.  

363  De  Latoub,  Albebt,  Schaerheeh-lez- Brussels. 

(Agent,  M.  Cuyhts,  55  Gracechurch  Street.) 
Busts,  executed  in  cast-iron,  of  the  King  and  the  Queen 
of  the  Belgians.     Model  of  the  letter-boxes  adopted  by  the 
Belgian  6k>vemment. 


364    De  La  Eoche,  Fbakcois-Tu^odobe,  Brussels. 

Patent  fireproof  strong  box.  Chimney-piece,  with  gilt 
ornaments  of  novel  design.  The  same  of  polished  steel, 
with  ornaments  in  cast-iron.  A  stove,  with  fire-grate, 
which  can  be  kept  open  or  closed,  at  pleasure.  A  moveable 
hearth-chimney,  of  metal,  in  imitation  of  stceL 


365    De  BostE,  Alphonse,  Baron,  Moulins,  Namur. 

Specimens  of  brass  kettles,  pans,   "  neptunes,"   and 
oval-shapod  saucepans. 


366         MONCHEXTB,  F.  &  A.,  Ardennes^  Namur. 

Ingots  of  cast-iron,  for  the  manufacture  of  gim-barrels. 
Hammered  bar-iron,  for  the  same  purpose. 


367  Setebin,  E.,  Bochefort,  Namur. 

Specimens  of  nails  of  various  sizes.  Nails  for  plank- 
floorings  ;  for  slates,  ceilings,  pumps,  or  boilers  ;  naiU  for 
lathes  and  for  saddlery.  A  variety  of  shoe-nails ;  heel 
and  solo  tips ;  double-pointed  nails ;  nails  for  farriery 
purposes ;  roughened  m>st  nails ;  iron  hooks ;  hasps  for 
window-curtains  and  other  purposes. 


368      Amand,  Joseph,  Ermeton-sur-Bierty  Namur. 

Specimens  of  wrought  and  cast  iron.  Bars  for  gun- 
barrels,  small  arms,  edged  tools,  scythes,  tires  of  wheels, 
spades,  &c. ;  for  steam-boilers,  boiler  nails,  ornamental 
mountings  of  fire-arms,  and  for  general  hardware  purposes. 

Specimens  of  cast-iron,  of  first  and  second  quality,  for 
articles  requiring  ductility  and  great  resisting  power. 

Specimens  of  refined  cast-iron. 


369  Benoit,  Fabeb,  Marche-les- Dames,  Namur. 
Specimens  of  ores  of  hydrated  iron  ;  of  grev  cast-iron, 

hard  iron,  cold-hammered  iron,  white  iron,  and  soft  iron. 
Specimens  of  iron,  for  converting  into  steel ;  bars  for 
gun-barrels  and  iron  hooping ;  cast-iron  pots  of  various 
sorts,  with  covers  ;  boilers,  with  lids  ;  kettles,  saucepans, 
stew-pans,  &c. 

370  De  Chimay,  Pbince,  Chimay,  Hainault.    (Agent, 

M.  Cuyhts,  55  Gracechurch  Street.) 
Bars  of  wrought  iron,  refined  by  charcoal,  and  especially 
used  in  the  manu£ficture  of  arms. 


371  Remacle,  J.,  k  P^BABD,  jun-,  lAepe.     (Agent, 

M.  Cuyhts,  55  Qrocechurcli  Street.) 
Specimens  of  shoct-iron  of  various  descriptioiij*. 

372  Orban,  J.  M.  &  Son,  Liege. 
Specimens  of  sheet-iron ;  tires  for  wheels  ;   bar-iron  ; 

laminated  iron ;  galvanized  iron  for  springs,  kc, 

373  Thonnabt,  Lambebt,  Herstal. 

Steel  bits  for  carriage  and  saddle-horses.  PoHsIumI 
WeUington  stocl-bits,  with  smooth,  straight,  and  curved 
mouth-pieces.  Dutch  bits,  polished  steel  mouth-pieces^ 
and  a  variety  of  other  kinda. 


BELXilUM. 


1163 


374  Soci^tIe  di  St.  L&ovaud,  lAege,     (Diroctor, 

M.  RiaNIEB  PONCSLET.) 

SpecimenB  of  ingots  and  ban  of  steel ;  iron  plates ; 
hand-sawB,  platoi*,  fUcs  and  sc^'tlics  of  stecL 

375  PfeB^B,  Jbak  Fbak^ois,  lAege, 

A  copper  tap-cock,  with  curved  extremity.  Improved 
tap-cocE,  ftraigUt,  with  secret  spring.  Throe  cmciflxea, 
in  copper.  

376  Dellote-Matthieu,  Cuables,  Buy, 
Specimens  of  sheet  iron  and  sheet  steel. 

377  Chaitboib,  Chables  k  Htacikthe,  Liege, 
(Agent,  M.  Cuylits,  55  Ghraoechurch  Street.) 

Specimens  of  brass  tubings,  without  solder. 

378  Macquixay  Bbothebs  &  Nefhbws,  lAege, 
(Agent,  M.  Cujhts,  56  Graccchurch  Street.) 

Samples  of  iron  nails,  made  by  hand. 

379  GiLTAT,  Jean-Jacqu£8,  ZM'^tf.   (Agent,  M.  Cuylits, 

55  Gracechurch  Street.) 

Spurs,  stirrup-irons,  and  other  riding  appurtenances,  in 
great  variety.        

380  Fauconikb,  Delibe,  Widow,  ChdUlet    (Agent,  Mr. 

Larochc,  2  Old  l^rinity  House,  Water  I^me.) 
Various  sorts  of  nails,  wrought  by  hand. 

381  Limelette,  Fb^d^bic,  Ootselies, 
Samples  of  wrought-iron  nails. 

382  Lett-Pbius  k  Pbins,  J.  B.,  BnuseU, 
Collection  of  brooches,  set  in  pearb,  precious  stones,  &c. 

Bracelets,  set  in  emeralds,  pearls,  and  other  yaluable 
stones.    Chatelaines.     Brilliant,  sapphire,  and  emerald 

J)ins.    Seal-shaped  diamond.    Model  of  a  bench,  with  tools 
or  cutting  and  polishing  diamonds.    Exhibited  for  work- 
manship and  cheapness. 

383  JrLDT,  N.,  Liege.     (Agent,  M.  Cuylits,  55  Grace- 

church  Street.) 
Specimens  of  cameos. 

384  Falloise,  Joseph,  Liege.     (Agent,  M.  CuyUts, 

55  Gracechurch  Street.) 

Chased  and  inlaid  articles  in  bronze,  steel,  copper,  and 
silver^gilt. 

385  MiCHiELB,  Joseph,  Antwerp.    (Agent,  M.  CuyUts, 

55  Gracechurch  Street.) 

Statue  of  n.R.n.  the  Princess  Charlotte  of  Belgium,  in 
plaster,  coated  by  the  electrotype  process. 

380  Bbodieb,  Chtstiaens,  Brussels.    (Agent,  M.  Cuy- 
lit  8,  65  Gracechurch  Street.) 
An  assortment  of  cut  crystaL 

387  Capelleiiaks,  J.  B.,  Brussels. 

A  largo  collection  of  crystal  and  glass.  Samples  of 
hog's  bristles  for  brushes. 

38ft  ZouDE,  LoriB,  &  Co.,  Xamur. 

Specimens  of  crystal,  consisting  of  vases,  drinking-cu])S, 
fniit  dishes,  tumblers,  wine-glasses,  &c.  Gla«scs  and 
t umblen  of  ludf  crystaL  Glasses  and  goblets,  with  various 
designs  of  eminent  personages.  A  great  variety  of  house- 
hold and  ornamental  vessels,  in  glass. 

389  JoviT,  D.  CorrLLET,  UainauU,    (^Vgent,  M.  La- 
roche,  2  Old  Trinity  House,  Water  Lane.) 

Imitation  of  ancient  stained  window-glass.  Modem 
stained  window-glass.  Unpolished  window-glass.  Sil- 
vered and  unsilvered  glass.  Plain  and  coloured  window- 
glasa.    Qlasa  tiles,  &c« 


390  Bennebt  &  BiTOBT,  Jumety  JIainauli. 
Specimens  of  wuidow-glass. 

391  Diebckx,  Fbancois,  Antwerp. 
Fine  specimen  of  cut-glass  ainner-sen'ice. 

392  Fbison,  Jules,  &  Co.,  Dampremg^  Hainault. 
Window-glass,  double  and  common  thickness,  and  thin, 

called  Bohemian  glass.   Unpolished  window-glass.   Fluted 
glass.    Glass  tUm. 

393  Cappellexans,  sen.,  k  Daboust,  Brussels. 
Bust«  of  the  King  and  Queen  of  Belgium,  Queen  Vic- 
toria, and  Prince  Aloert,  in  biscuit-porcelain,  of  life  aixe, 
after  Geefs.  Various  articles  in  biscuit-poroelain.  Porce- 
lain dinner  and  dessert  service.  Coflbe  service.  Yasea, 
baskets,  &o.  

394  Texsoxket,  G.,  k  Dabtbt,  Namiche  and  Samtom, 

Namur. 
Fire-clay  for  manufactures  in  glass,  pottery,  dyeing, 
glazing,  &c.  

395  Pastob,  Bbbtbaud,  k  Co.,  Ardennes, 
Gas-rotort  for  high  furnaces.    Fire-bricks  for  lining  the 

inside  of  high  furnaces.    Specimens  of  firo-day  of  Ar- 
dennes.   Firo-bricks.    Different  sieed  tubes  for  draina. 


396    La  Coxmibsion  Adxikistbatitb  db  l*£zploi- 
TATiov  coxxuNALE,  MarMm,  Liege. 
Rough  specimen  of  pudding-stone.    l£i^-fiuRiaoe  cru- 
cibles, made  of  the  Marchin  stone. 


397  CosTX,  Fbedbbio,  TUlerUy  Liege. 
Collection  of  cruciblee,  of  which  the  base  ii  graphite 

(plumbago) .    Another  collection,  of  which  the  base  b  fire- 
proof clay.  

398  SxAL-WBBPnr,  Alexis,  Hk^. 
Specimens  of  firo-bricks,  small  size. 

399  BoucHEB,  Tn&OFHiLE,  Bandour^  ffainault. 
Fire-clay  gas  retort.    Specimens  of  fire-clay  for  lining 

furnaces,  gas-ovens,  &c.    Sagger  for  baking  porcelain  by  a 
new  patent  process. 

400  Be  FuissEAirx,  Nicolas,  Baudour,  Hainauli. 

(Agent,  M.  Cuylits,  65  Gracechurch  Street.) 
Various  articles   in  porcelain:    baskets,  punchbowls, 
vases,  dislies,  plates,  compotiers,  Ac. 

401  Betis,  E.,  Brussels.    (Agent,  M.  CuyUts,  66 

Graccchurch  Street.) 
Panels  and  paper-hangings. 

402  Dexa^et,  Chables,  Saint- Josse-ten-Naode,  Bra- 
bant. (Agent)  M.  CuyUts,  65  Gracechurch  Street.) 

Inlaid  rosewood  table  and  sideboard. 


403  Lefeb^'be,  Alexis,  Molenheek-St.-Jean, 

Brabant. 
Paper-hangings  and  panels. 

404  CouYEBT  k  Lucas,  Brussels. 
SiKcimens  of  mosaic  floors.     Mosaic  table,  with  fiuted 

columns  and  inlaid  pcdestaL 

405  Picabd-Masy,  Fdxond,  Brussels. 
Specimens  of  paper-hangings,  glazed,  vclveted,  gilt,  kc. 

406  Be  Keyn  Bbothebs,  SL-Josse-tenSoode^ 

Brabant. 
Mosaic  flooring  in  wood,  stained  in  a  variety  of  c^olours. 

407  DUSSAEBT,  Joseph,  Brussels.     (Agent,  M.  CuyUts, 

55  Oracechun»h  Street.) 
Vessel  made  in  carton-pierre,  plated.     Frame  of  tlio 
same,  gilt.     Gilt  pedestalis  for  candelabra. 


[Official  iLLr&iBATED  Catalogfe.] 


40 


11G4 


BELGIUM. 


408  GiBON,  Eliba,  JBrustels. 

Imitations  of  China  lacquer.  A  screen,  with  gilt  orna- 
ments on  both  sides.  Tables,  of  fancy  designs.  Chairs, 
with  velyet  trimmings. 

409  Menoe,  Antoine-Geobob,  Brussels. 
Carved  oak  model  of  a  fountain.     Gothic  carved  oak 

frames.  Gothic  carved  oak  chapel.  Small  oak  bell,  lime- 
tree  ornaments.  Two  candelabra  stands.  Oak  tablets, 
gilt  on  both  sides. 


410  Jeqin,  Henbi- Joseph,  Spa. 

Table,  in  plane-tree,  painted  with  flowers,  and  veneered 
with  maple-tree.  Tea-chests,  ornamented  with  flowers. 
Envelope-cases  and  handkerchief-boxes,  with  fancy  designs. 
Ornamented  desk,  counter-box,  and  portfolios. 


411 
Table. 


Bbuno,  Hbnbi,  Spa. 
Work-boxes.    PortfoUo.    Tea-chest. 


412  MissoK,  Emils  &  Louis,  Spa. 

Table,  work-boxes,  writing-cases,  cigar  and  needle-cases, 
knitting  and  glove-boxes,  and  various  other  articles,  all 
beautimllj  painted  with  flowers  and  designs. 

413  MiBSON,  Abistids,  Spa, 
Work-boxea,  cigar-cases,  tea-chests,  jewel-casket,  enve- 
lope-oases, basket^  music-desk,  &c.    All  are  painted  with 
curiouB  designs.     

414  Mabik,  Jonas-Etienne,  Spa. 

Round  tables,  with  views  of  Spa  and  its  environs. 
Ladies'  work-boxes,  with  flowers  and  landscapes.  Album, 
with  a  Chinese  subject,  in  imitation  of  Chinese  lacquer. 
Fire-soreen,  white  ground,  representing  Chinese  subjects. 
Lai^sized  work-boxes,  with  flowers  and  figures.  Tea- 
chest  and  jewel-casket,  similarly  ornamented;  and  an 
album. 

415  Masbabdo,  JsA^ons  (Widow),  Spa. 

Large  work-boxes,  pointed  by  Crehay ;  subjects :  The 
Indecision,  and  the  Keoonoiliation.  Smaller  ones,  by 
Henrard  and  Bainkin.  Jewel-caskets,  by  the  same.  Orna- 
mented albums.  Tables,  fire-screens,  and  baskets,  orna- 
mented with  flowers  and  landscapes. 


416  Ds  JoNGHS,  AxBBOiSE,  Bruges. 

Specimens  of  ornamental  inlaying,  designed  and  exe- 
cuted by  the  exhibitor. 


417  COLFB,  JEAK-FKAN9OI8,  .^M^toetT^. 

Drawing-room  chair,  arm-chair,  and  tdte-^t^te. 


418  Db  Basdt,  Jbah-Gommaise,  Antwerp, 
Sideboard,  ornamented  with  mirrors,  and  made  of  rose 

and  satin-wood.     

419  BouLfe,  A.  F.,  Antwerp, 

Articles  of  furniture  in  ebony,  tortoisesheU,  roaewood, 
and  oak.  

420  Judo,  Jsak-Baptiste,  Berehemj  Antwerp. 

Oak  carved  wardrobe,  with  four  drawers,  mouldings, 
and  ornaments.  Carved  mahogany  chair,  with  the  back 
carved  and  ornamented.  Carved  walnut-tree  chair.  Light 
mahogany  chair,  with  mouldings.  All  in  the  style  of 
Xiouis  X  V .     Common  walnut-tree  chair. 


423  GinsLAiN,  Chables,  HasHtre-ln-  Vavx^  Namur. 
Marble  slabs,  for  round  tablcH,  of  various  descriptions. 

Candelabras,  in  black  marble. 

424  SOETENS,  CoBN^Lis,  St.- Oil Us-lez- Brussels , 

Brabant. 
Artificial  stone  pillar  and  flags,  for  pavement.     Arti- 
ficial stone  medallion.     These  specimens   are  made  of 
fusible  lava,  by  a  new  process.